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INNOVATIVE BMPS FOR STORMWATER & TMDL
COMPLIANCEDecember 3, 2012
Laurel WoodworthCenter for Watershed Protection
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Center for Watershed Protection Non-profit 501(c)3, non-advocacy organization founded in 1992 Work with watershed groups, local, state and federal
governments Provide tools to communities to protect lakes, rivers, streams,
and estuaries 20 staff in Ellicott City, MD; Field Offices in Charlottesville, VA &
Ithaca, NY
www.cwp.org
Trib of Blackwater Creek - Lynchburg
New IC
Existing IC
Menu of Practices Green Roof Impervious Disconnection Raintanks & Cisterns Permeable Pavement Grass Channels Bioretention Water Quality Swale Stormwater Wetland Extended Detention Pond Infiltration Soil Amendments Filtering Devices Wet Pond Riparian BufferGraphic from Oxford, NC
“Keeping it Clean Downstream”
Stormwater BMP Profiles
What is it? What does it do?
How does it perform? Reducing runoff quantity Cost effectiveness Removing phosphorus Providing multiple benefits
Raintanks & Cisterns
• Collect water from rooftops (and other surfaces)
• Reuse for outdoor & indoor uses
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Charlottesville – 6th Street Urban Farm
Water Quality
Permeable Pavement• Use paver blocks or special
concrete or asphalt that allow water to pass through.
• Can infiltrate or filter runoff, and also treat runoff from other parking areas.
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Albemarle County Office Building
Charlottesville – Belmont BBQ Parking Area
Water Quality
Impervious Disconnection• Make sure rooftop & driveway
water does not go directly to storm drains or streams
• Direct flow to areas where it can be collected, absorbed, infiltrated
Reduce Runoff Cost
Multiple Benefits
Guildford Farm, Greene County
Water Quality
Bioretention• Also known as “rain garden”
• Water filters through special soil mix, organic matter, and vegetation
• Can be used in parking lot islands, as part of open space, or on lots
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Monticello High School
Water Quality
Albemarle County Office Building
Infiltration• Engineered trench where
water collects and percolates into the ground
• Often limited by poor soils or shallow bedrock
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Sanitation District #1 of Northern KY
Water Quality
Filtering Device• Engineered structure where
water filters through sand or another media
• Sometimes used at gas stations or other pollution “hotspots”
• Often in an underground vault
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Gas station in Crozet
Water Quality
Target - Charlottesville
Extended Detention Pond• Modified stormwater basin that
allows some water to pond temporarily so that pollutants can settle out
• Also used to control downstream flooding
• Most common stormwater practice in our area (and across the country)
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Neighborhood basin in Albemarle
Water Quality
Stormwater Wetland• Basin with areas of marsh and
open water designed to remove pollutants
Reduce Runoff Cost Multiple Benefits
Ivy Creek School, Albemarle County
Water Quality
New and Re-Development Compliance: VA Stormwater
On the internet: VIRGINIA BMP CLEARINGHOUSE
Classification of Retrofits Runoff Reduction
Practices (RR)
Stormwater Treatment Practices (ST)
Bioretention Constructed Wetlands
Dry Swale Filtering Practices
Infiltration Proprietary Practices
Permeable Pavement Wet Swale
Green Roof Wet Ponds Achieve at least 25% reduction of annual
runoff volumeTraditional Practices
Retrofits: Chesapeake Bay TMDL
EPA’s Chesapeake Bay Program: Recommendations of the Expert Panel to Define Removal Rates for Urban Stormwater Retrofit
Projects
Also:Total
Nitrogen & Sediment
Compacted Soils
RESTORING COMPACTED SOILS TO REDUCE
RUNOFF
Jeremy Balousek, P.E.Dane County Land and Water Resources
DepartmentMadison, Wisconsin
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
Plot Treatments1. Control – plot only seeded and mulched.
2. Deep till – plot deep tilled 3 feet deep, 5 foot spacing.
3. Chisel plow – plot deep tilled and chisel plowed 12 inches deep.
4. Compost – plot deep tilled, chisel plowed, and 3 inches of compost amended to topsoil.
upslope diversion
8 x 12 foot plots on uniform 10% slope
dumping bucket runoff gauge
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
No Treatment Deep Tilled
Chisel Plowed
Compost
8 days after seeding
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
No Treatment Deep Tilled
Chisel Plowed
Compost
32 days after seeding
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
No Treatment Deep Tilled
Chisel Plowed Compost
53 days after seeding
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
90 days after seeding
Source: Jeremy Balousek, Dane Co., WI
Cumulative Runoff
-39%
-88%
+19%
Paper: QUANTIFYING DECREASES IN STORMWATER RUNOFF FROM DEEP TILLING, CHISEL PLOWING, AND COMPOST-AMENDMENT
(Balousek, 2003)
36Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership
Created to deliver targeted training on new tools and practices to
improve the quality of stormwater runoff.
Visit:
www.chesapeakestormwater.net
