Death of Eliot Stellar, Provost of ‘One University’ · • Research Foundation & Awards, pp. 12-14 Bulletins, p. 14 • Crimes, Update, p. 15 • Benchmarks (Claire Fagin), p

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993 �

Bike Policy Effective November 1 StartingNovember�,theUniversitywillrequirethatbikesbewalkedonLocust,Ham-ilton,andSmithwalkwaysbetween8:30a.m.and5:30p.m.,MondaythroughFriday. Bicyclistsviolatingthenewpolicywillbestoppedandaskedtowalktheirbicycles.Peoplerefusingtocomply,or thoseridingrecklessly,maybeissuedaticket,saidCom-missionerofPublicSafetyJohnKuprevich.PublicSafetywillalso“strictlyenforcethewalkingofbicyclesonthe38thStreetbridgeofLocustWalk,apolicythatisalreadyineffect,”hesaid. ThenewpolicywasproposedlastyearbytheSafetyandSecurityCommitteeoftheUni-versityCouncil,whichrecommendedapolicyin three phases. The first two phases—instal-lationofmorebikeracksandacampaigntoregister bikes—have been completed. New racksnearresidencesandatmainentrancestoLocust,Hamilton,andSmithWalkshavebroughtthetotalfromabout�,000to3,000slots.Registrationhasmorethandoubledinrecentmonths.(ThisserviceisalsoopentothosenotmembersofthePenncommunity;call898-4482.) A formal policy document is expectedshortlyforpublicationinAlmanac.

• SenateChaironElectronicPrivacy,p.2• JointStatementonDuBoisHouse,p.2• Council10/13:RacialHarassment,pp.2-5• SpeakingOut:SASClosings,p.5-7• ForComment:ReportonDomesticPartner Benefits,pp.8-9 • Attachment,p.10• FairforWorkingFamilies,p.10• SummaryAnnualReportonBenefits,p.11• ResearchFoundation&Awards,pp.12-14• Bulletins,p.14 •Crimes,Update,p.15• Benchmarks(ClaireFagin),p.16

INSIDE

Tuesday, October 19, 1993 Published by the University of Pennsylvania Volume 40 Number 8

Death of Eliot Stellar, Provost of ‘One University’ Dr.EliotStellar,formerProvostoftheUniver-sityandco-developerofthe�973One University theme that transformed Penn’s academic plan-ningandestablishednewdistinctionbasedonthecross-disciplinarynatureoftheUniversity,diedonOctober�2attheageof73. Worldfamousforhisresearchinpsychologyandanatomy,includingdiscoveriesofnewwaystostudythebrainandappetite,Dr.Stellarwasequallywellknownasanacademicstatesmanathome and abroad (see the Trustees’ tribute below onthispage).Oncampushewasesteemedbyfacultyandstaffalikeasonewhonurturedthecareersofothers,bothduringhisprovostshipandafterwardwhenhereturnedtoresearchandteachingintheSchoolofMedicine. Named professor emeritus in 1990—which colleagues,alumniandstudentscelebratedwithasymposiumandtheestablishmentofalectureshipin his honor—Dr. Stellar never really retired. At thetimeofhisdeathfollowingwhathadappearedto be a successful battle with cancer, he wasinchargeoftwoall-Universityprograms(theResearchFoundationandUniversityScholars)whilealsochairingtheDepartmentofCellandExperimentalBiology.Dr.JayLash,namedin-terimchairofCellandDevelopmentalBiology,said “Through the sadness of Eliot’s death, the departmentcontinuestheprogramsandactivitieshenurturedsocarefully.” InadditiontoholdingnumerouspostsatPenn,

Dr.StellaralsoheadedtheAmericanPhilosophi-calSocietyforsixyears,presidingwhentheAPScelebratedits250thanniversaryin�993.“HesharedwithearlierpresidentsBenjaminFranklinandThomasJeffersonagraciouscharm,akeenintelligenceandanabilitytoshapethefutureinpositiveways,”aSocietyspokesmansaid. PresidentMartinMeyerson,whoaspresidentnamedDr.Stellarasco-chairoftheUniversityDevelopmentCommissionandthenasprovost,recalls the “sterling values—collegiality, scholar-ship, vision and loyalty—all of which made him asuperbprovost.TheUniversityhaslostoneofitsgreatsaintsandIabelovedfriend.” A Harvard alumnus who took his Ph.D. atBrown,Dr.Stellarspentfouryears inmilitaryserviceandsevenonthefacultyoftheJohnsHop-kinsUniversitybeforejoiningPennin�954. Oftenwooedbutneverwonbyotherinstitu-tions throughout theircareers,bothheandhisco-chairof theUniversityDevelopmentCom-mission,Dr.RobertDyson,frequentlyandopenlyexpressedtheirintensecommitmenttoPenn.Theiressay introducing the Commission’s report, Penn-sylvania: One University, helpedPenntrustees,alumni and friends—as well as the faculty, staff and students—redefine the institution and prepare forchangeinthecomingdecades. Dr.Stellarissurvivedbyhiswife,Betty;theirson,JamesR.;theirdaughter,ElizabethS.Fallon;two brothers, two sisters and five grandchildren.

Memorial Service: Details are to be an-nouncedforacampusmemorialservice,prob-ablyonDecember6.ContributionsmaybemadetotheEliotStellarVisitingLectureshipFundatPenn,createdbycolleaguesandalumniinhishonor, or to the National Academy of Sciences’ CommitteeonHumanRights,whichDr.Stellarhelpedtoestablish.—K.c.G.

Memorial Resolution of the TrusteesEliot Stellar, November 1, 1919 - October 12, 1993

EliotStellar,ProvostEmeritusandJosephLeidyUniversityProfessorEmeritusofNeurologicalSciences,contributedgreatlytothecultureandqualityoftheUniversityofPennsylvania,andhisloss will truly be deeply felt. A brilliant scholar and a pioneer in the field of behavioral physiology, hecametoPennfromJohnsHopkinsUniversityin�954andhelpedtoestablishtheinterdisciplin-aryInstituteofNeurologicalSciences,whichbecameamodelformanyotherinstitutions.Hisgiftsas a teacher are legendary. He always had time for his students and colleagues, nurturing students’ creativity and taking warm interest in younger colleagues’ work. He engendered such affection and respectthatataweek-longcolloquiumattheInstituteofNeurologicalSciencesheldin�990,afullday was devoted to celebrating Dr. Stellar’s influence on his former students and colleagues, who readpapersonresearchthathehadinspired.EarlierthisyearhewasawardedtheGoldMedalforLifeAchievementinPsychologicalSciencebytheAmericanPsychologicalFoundation. Dr.Stellarperformedyeomanserviceasco-chairoftheDevelopmentCommissionearlyinMar-tin Meyerson’s presidency so admirably that he was appointed provost of the University, in which roleheservedfrom�973to�978.Seeingknowledgeasaglobalheritage,hebroughttothatroleaninternationalorientation,a“OneUniversity”pointofviewandgreatskillsasaconsensusbuilder. Uponcompletionofhistermasprovost,heundertooktherigorousprocessofreestablishinghimself in his field, assisted by colleagues eager to have him back. As further testimony to both his willingness to serve and his colleagues’ high regard for him, he accepted his colleagues’ invitation tochairtheDepartmentofCellandDevelopmentalBiologyevenafterassumingemeritusstatus.AleaderoutsidetheUniversityaswell,hechairedtheHumanRightsCommitteeoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,towhichhewaselectedin�968,andservedaspresidentoftheAmericanPhilosophical Society, presiding over that organization’s 250th anniversary celebration last year. Resolved, that theTrusteesof theUniversityofPennsylvania, onbehalf of themselves, theoverseers,administration,faculty,studentsandalumnioftheUniversity,expresstheirdeepsorrowover the loss of their friend Eliot Stellar, who defined the term “University citizen,” and in recording this official minute in memory of Dr. Stellar, they ask the Secretary of the University to convey to Dr. Stellar’s family their affection for Dr. Stellar, their enduring gratitude and their profound sense oflossoverhisdeath.

AlmAnAc October 19, 19932

senateFrom the Chair

CounCilGetting Started: Racial Harassment At the University Council’s first meeting of �993-94,thechieftopicofdiscussionwastheproposal to suspend a portion of the University’s RacialHarassmentPolicy.Inthewakeofnation-widecontroversyoverwhathasbeen labeleda“speechcode,” InterimPresidentDr.ClaireFaginmadetheproposal(AlmanacSeptember2�)tosuspendPartII.Shecalledforfulldebateat the October �3 meeting, asking Dr. DavidHildebrand to provide a history of the policy’s developmenthere,andinvitingtwospeakers,Dr.MorrisMendelsonandDr.AnneNorton,togivepreparedstatementsforandagainstsuspensionofthecode.Theirremarksarereproducedinthisissue(startingnextpage)alongwithanadvisoryofapendingEEOCactionthatDr.Faginsaidmight affect the University’s latitude in revision ofpolicy.Onpages4and5ofthisissuearetwoadditional statements made from the floor. A-1/A-3 Reports Added.Beforetakingupthepolicy,andanagendaitemonplanningfortheyear,CouncilreceivedthestandingreportsofthePresident,Provost,Senate/SteeringChair,and chairs of the UA and GAPSA—and, for the first time, reports by the chairs of the A-1 and A-3 Assemblies.Bothofthestafforganizationchairsreported on new measures in furthering theircommunicationmissions.FortheA-�Assembly,Dr.CarolKontos-CohenannouncedthatExecu-tiveBoardmeetingswillnowbeopentoallA-�observers. The A-3 Assembly’s Rochelle Fuller announcedtheestablishmentofanewsletterforA-3scampus-wide,andthestartofanewOutreachProjectthatwillmovefromonecampussitetoanother to offer programs for A-3 staff. The first sitewillbe340�WalnutStreet.

Privacy of Electronic Information During the last two decades there has been a significant change in our “private space.” Twenty years ago faculty offices and laboratories were specified physical space. Within that space each individual was able to provide security for private information by locking desks and file cabinets. Tobesure,theUniversityAuditPolicyenablesadministrators,underextraordinarycircumstancesand with appropriate procedures, to search offices and laboratories. Today, one’s physical office is only one part of one’s virtual office. Our virtual office includes electronicinformationthatweownbutwhichmaybelocatedoncomputersthatarenotinourphysi-cal office. This information includes research data stored on computers used for analysis, electronic mailstoredonmailmachinesandvoicemailmessages.ThroughouttheUniversitythehundredsofsuchcomputersaremanagedbyavarietyofemployeesmostofwhomareawareoftheprivacyofthisinformation.NeverthelessIamsurethatoverthepastfewyearstherehavebeenquestionablesearchesandmonitoringofelectronicinformation. TheUniversityhastheabilitytokeeprecordsofwhichelectronicnewsgroupsweaccessfromourcomputersand,inthecaseofbuildingsthatrequire“swipecards”ourcomingsandgoings.Inaddi-tion many records formerly kept in secure files are now kept electronically. These include personnel records,recordsofhealthproblems(insurancepayments),grades,libraryrecordsandphonelogs. Whohasaccess to this informationandunderwhatcircumstances?Lastyear theUniversityestablishedapolicyforethicalbehaviorbytheusersofelectronicservices.Itisnowappropriatetoestablishapolicyforthemanagersofelectronicdatathatensurestheprivacyofthatdata.TheUniversityCouncilCommitteeonCommunicationshastakenonthistaskandwillbeworkingonitduringthecomingyear.ThechairofthatcommitteeisIraWinston([email protected]).Pleasecommunicateyourthoughtsonthisissuetohim.

A reader has asked that Almanac identify the Senate chair whose signature is traditionally reproduced with the column From the chair. The current chair is Dr. Gerald J. Porter, professor of mathematics.

Correction: In last week’s Almanac Supplementon the Penn Town Meeting, M.J. Warrender’s first commentonpageIIshouldhaveread,“IfeelalotoftheprobleminthePenncommunityistomove in the direction of reformation ofsocialsystemsandpolicy-making....”not“moreinthedirection of reaffirmation of...”. We appologize fortheinaccuratetranscription.—Ed.

Flexibility on October 28 OnOctober28,allmembersofthefac-ultyandstaffareinvitedtoaninformationfairattheFacultyClub,atwhichwearecelebrating Working Families at Penn. TheFamilyResourceCenterandDi-visionofHumanResorceshaveworkedtogether to find out what information to-day’s families need most, and to provide itinaninformalwaysothatyoucandropinandtalktoexpertsoverthelunchperiodbetween��a.m.and2p.m.Thetopicstobeoffered,andsomeinformationaboutprizedrawings,canbefoundonpage�0ofthisissue. Onemorethingisneededtomakethisfairworkforallmembersofthestaff,andthat is tomakesure thateveryonewhoneedsthisinformationgetsanopportunitytovisittheFacultyClubbetween��a.m.and2p.m.Supervisorsandfellowstaffmembers are urged to be as flexible as possibleinmakinglunch-timearrange-mentsonOctober28. SeeyouattheFair!

— R. William Holland,Vice President, Human Resources

Du Bois House: Investigation ContinuesAs University and City Police continue to investigate last week’s anonymous phone calls to the W.E.B. Du Bois college House, the leadership of the University issued the follow-ing letter on October 13.

To the Penn Community:

On Threats and Harassment ThereportsofbombthreatsandharassingphonecallstoresidentsofDuBoisCollegeHouse and other campus residences fill us with anger and sadness. Anger that any member of ourcommunityhastoenduresuchsenselessanddementedbehavior.Sadnessthattherearepeoplewithinoroutsideourcommunitywhohavesolittleself-respectthattheycanengageinsuchbehavior. The University’s stand and our own on such behavior is clear: Such acts violate the spirit of academic community, the University’s Code of Conduct, and the law. When the culprits are identified they will be prosecuted to the fullest extent possible. Wearepleased thatother leadersof theUniversity community,particularly students,havealreadybeguntoexpresstheircondemnationofthisbehaviorandtheirsupportoftheresidentsofDuBoisandothercampusresidenceswhoarebeingaffected.Weapplaudtheirleadership.TheUniversityisdoingitspartbytakingstepstosecurethephysicalsecurityofresidentsandtoprovideappropriatevictimsupportservices.UniversityPoliceareaggres-sivelyinvestigatingtheseincidents. WeaskallmembersoftheUniversitycommunitytojoinusincondemningthisbehaviorsothatnooneonoroffourcampuswillhaveanydoubtaboutwherewestand.

claire m. Fagin marvin lazersonInterimPresident InterimProvostJanet Hale William n. Kelley, m.D. ExecutiveVicePresident ExecutiveVicePresident CEO,UniversityofPennsylvania MedicalCenterandHealthSystem Dean,SchoolofMedicine

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993 3

A Chronology of the Policy [Dr. Hildebrand noted that he spoke not as a former chair of the Faculty Senate but as a former moderator of Council, in office during the period when the present policy was formulated]. The movement toward a policy on racialharassment goes back at least as far as thecampusdemonstrationin�98�inthewakeofbombthreatsandracialphonecallsreceivedatDu Bois College House. In ’84-’85, there was ataskforceonconductandmisconductwhosesurveyledtoacommitteetodraftapolicyin’85, reported in October ’86. . . There was a very extensive debate at that time—the president, then Hackney,undertooktoformulateasinglepolicycombining issuesofsexualandracialharass-ment. That was promulgated finally in June of ’87. That combined policy replaced a separate policyonsexualharassmentwhichhadbeeninplaceatleastsince�980,probablybefore. In�988,therewasanotheradhoccommit-tee —on violence, harassment and discrimina-tion—that recommended separating the two harassmentpolicies.Theywerethenissuedsepa-rately in December ’88. In 1989, a U.S. District CourtJudgeinMichiganheldunconstitutionala somewhat similar harassment policy at theUniversityofMichigan,becauseofbreadthandvaguenessandpossibleviolationofrightsoffreespeechanddueprocess,inapublicinstitution.The decision there cited the Supreme Court’s “fighting words” doctrine defining the limits of freespeechandtheFirstAmendment. ThemostrecentdiscussionatPennbeganinthespringof�990,withconcernovertheimplicationsofthatMichigandecision,Therewasaperceptionof conflict possibly between the Open Expression Guidelines and the Racial Harassment Policythatwereconcernsaboutchillingoffreespeech.Then-Faculty Senate Chair Bob Davies addeda statement in Almanac on the fighting-words doctrine.Allofthisledtoadiscussion,beginningin�990;andduringthespringsemester,Councilcalledforre-evaluation. During the fall, therewasa longseriesofproposals...in a continuing, exhaustive andexhaustingdiscussionofthepolicy.Finally,thecurrentpolicywaspromulgatedinSeptemberof�99�. In addition, therehavebeen,duringthe debate over the racial harassment policy,calls for protection from harassment of otherminorities,includedingeneralUniversityandfederalpoliciesonnon-discrimination,onsuchbasesasreligion,age,gender,sexualorientation,disabilityorstatusasdisabledorVietnameraveteran. That came to Council in the fall of ’91. Councilrecommendedagainsttheadoptionofacomprehensiveharassmentpolicy...thefeelingwasthattheseothergroupswerenotsoclearlyinneedofaprotectionagainstharassmentand...themajorityopinionwasthatinthosecases,membersofCouncilfeltthattheconcernsoveropenexpressionseemedtotakeprecedence. The �99� racial harassment policy stillremainsineffect,andofcourseinlightofthenowcelebratedwaterbuffalocaselastspring,Interim President Fagin has asked the adviceandcommentaryofmembersofthecommunityastowhethertheenforcementofPartIIofthecurrentpolicy...shouldbesuspended,pendingrecommendations of Gloria Chisum’s Committee onStrengtheningtheCommunity.

—David Hildebrand, Professor of Statistics

Briefing on a Proposed Rule by EEOC The debate that’s going on in this campus balancing free speech rights and interests, and the rights of all members of this community to be treated in a civil manner, is a microcosm of the debate that’s goingoninsocietygenerally.IntheUnitedStates,therewasaMurphyBrowntelevisionepisodelastweekdiscussingit,andjustonOctober�,twoweeksago,theEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission put out a Proposed Rule—actually a policy that’s similar to the omnibus or comprehen-sive policy that professor Hildebrand discussed—prohibiting harassment on the basis of race,color, religion,gender,nationalorigin,ageordisability. WhatEEOChasissuedisanotice of proposed rulemaking.Itisnotarule;itisupfordiscussionintheUnited States community—the balance between free speech in the workplace and the need of a workplace tobefreeofdiscrimination.Sothereisacommentperiod,forallmembersofUnitedStatestocommentasthisCouncilwillbecommentingtoday.AndasthediscussionwillgoforwardintheUniversitycom-munity,thatsamediscussionwillbeoccuringonanationwidebasis,withtheseproposedEqualEmploy-mentOpportunityregulations.Soif,infact,thenationaldebateresolvesitselfbyregulationslikethesebeingpassed,asourPresidentstated,wemayhavetopassourowncomprehensiveharassmentpolicymandatedbytheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommissionfortheemploymentsituation,asweareanemployerof20,000employeesroughlyhere,wehavetocomplywithallemploymentregulationspassed by the EEOC and other governmental agencies that govern employment situations, so that’s the recentdevelopmentthathasjustoccurred,thecommentperiodnationallyclosesNovember30.

—neil Hamberg, Associate General counsel

October 13 Discussion of the Proposal to Suspend the Racial Harassment PolicyCounCil

Two Invited Position Statements• Dr. Morris Mendelson, Professor of Finance: TheUniversityisacommunitydevotedtolearning.Itcansustainsuchaclaimonlyifitprovidesthemaximumlatitudefortheexpression,examinationandcriticismofideas.IndeedthefreeandopenexchangeofideasistheparamountvalueoftheUniversitycommunity.Itisparamountbecauseabsentfreespeechothervaluescannotalwaysbeprotected. Theharassmentcodeunderwhichwecurrentlyoperateviolatesthatconceptofauniversityandnotonlyconstitutesaviolationoffreespeechbutmayestablishaprecedentforevermoreseriousinfringementsinthefuture.TheconsistencywithwhichthecourtshaverejectedsuchcodesonFirstAmendment grounds confirms my belief that they threaten more harm than the good they promise. ItisdisgracefultohidebehindtheshieldofthefactthatweareaprivateinstitutionandthereforenotsubjecttotheFirstAmendment. However,theUniversitymustalsotrytopreservetheabilityofallmembersofthecommunityto participate to the fullest extent possible in its life. Words intended to inflict pain and suffering shouldnotbecondonedbyanymemberoftheUniversitycommunity.Hatespeechshouldnotbecondoned,butitmustbetolerated.Causingharmbyspeechisoftenrelevantlydifferentfromcausingharm by conduct. Thus, all conduct, other than speech, which cause direct injury to an identifiable individualonthebasisofrace,ethnicity,nationalorigin,orsexualorientationshouldbeprohibitedandshouldbethebasisforthedisciplinaryaction. Clearlytheprincipleoffreespeechismostseverelytestedwhenitisexercisedtodefame.How-ever, as the AAUP has noted, “An institution of higher learning fails to fulfill its mission if it asserts thepowertoproscribeideas....a...universitysetsaperilouscourseifitseekstodifferentiatebetweenhigh-value and low-value speech.” It is notoriously difficult to define the speech to be prohibited withoutimpingingonthespeechthatshouldbefree.Suchprohibitioninvitesoverzealousmembersofthecommunitytoseektosilencethosewhoseviewstheydislike.Thiscanhaveachillingeffect. ThefacultyandadministrationoftheUniversityhaveanobligationtorefutespeechthatcreatesoreventhreatenstocreateahostileatmosphere.Neitherthreatsofviolencenorutterancesthatclearlymay induce violence are protected by free speech. However, the “fire in the crowded theater” argu-mentalsolendsitselftoabuse.Itistemptingtopromulgateprohibitionsunderthatumbrella,butrelianceonthatumbrellacaneasilyleadtotheerosionofspeechprotectiontheumbrellawasneverintendedtocover.WhenHitlerrobbedtheGermansoftheirfreedomandtheJewsoftheirlives,hedidnotdoitinoneswoop.Herobbedbydegreessothatnosinglesteplookeduntowardinthelightoftheplacefromwhichthestepwastaken.

• Dr. Anne Norton, Professor of Political Science: Thisisnotaperfectpolicy,securingthestructuresofaperfectworld.Thisisaprincipledpolicythatconfrontsourimperfectionswithouraspirations. Thepolicyisguidedbytheprinciplesofequalprotectionandneutrality.ThepolicydoesnotfavorAfricanAmericansoranyothergroupattheexpenseofwhites.Anyone,ofwhateverrace,maybebroughtuponchargesofracialharassment.Noone,ofwhateverrace,isexemptfromit.Thetextwillbearnootherinterpretation. Thisisaneutralpolicy.Oursisacolorstruckcontext.Inourtime,racialminorities,andAfricanAmericansinparticular,stilloccupyasubordinatepositionintheAmericannation.Reactionstothepolicy reflect this. Although the racial harassment policy is racially neutral, few appear to expect that whiteswillbringchargesofracialharassment.Racialminoritiesareexpectedtobehavewithmoregrace and civility—or perhaps more circumspection—than their colleagues in the majority. They are alsoconstrainedbyhistory.Whenracialepithets,orotherinstancesofexclusionarylanguage,aredirectedatracialminoritiestheycarrytheweightofhistorywiththem.Fewofthetermsthatmightbedirectedagainstwhiteshavesuchhistoricalresonance.Thisasymmetryhaspracticalconsequencesforpeopleofprinciple.Inourtime,AfricanandAsianAmericanswillsuffermorethanthewhitemajorityfromracialharassment.Pressuretorepealthepolicyhascomedisproportionatelyfromwhites.Inthiscontext,repealisanactthatfavorswhites. (continued next page)


Dr. Norton: Keeping the policy affirms the principles of equal protection and neutrality: in practice aswellasinprinciple.Repealmaypreservetheseintheory,butitwilldiminishtheminpractice. The policy is guided by the principle of free speech. Those who wish to oppose affirmative action, thecredentials,oreventhepresenceofAfricanAmericans,AsianAmericans,oranyracial,ethnicornationalgroupintheUniversity,arenotsilencedbythepolicy.Thepolicydoesnotcensoroffensivespeech.Onthecontrary,thetextrecognizesexplicitlythatsuchspeechisapartofintellectuallifeand secures the right to free speech more firmly. Whatthepolicydoesdoisobligethosewhowishtomakestatementsofthissorttoputthem,ifnotinreasonedarguments,atleastinthespeechofcommoncivility.Imeancivilityinthepoliticalsense.Thepolicyisnotaprescriptionforgoodmanners.Ratheritrequiresustoaddressoneanotherasmembersofacommunity.Itrejectsonlythatspeechwhichforeclosesallfuturespeech,whichdeniestheanothertherighttospeakinturn.TheopponentsoftheRacialHarassmentPolicyare,itappears,notcontentwiththerighttothefreeexpressionofideas.Theyarenotaskingforfreespeech,butforspecialprivilegeswithinthecommunity,alicensetoincivility. RememberthatrepealingtheRacialHarassmentPolicywouldleaveotherrestrictionsonconductinplace.Isracialharassmentsomehowmoreacceptablethansexualharassment?Orarewetoseethese policies repealed as well? Conduct in the classroom, in administrative offices, toward faculty, students,andstaff,isregulatedbynormsandrulesofcivility.Shouldspeakingaboutracialdiffer-encecomewithanexemptionfromthesenorms,aspeciallicensetoincivility?Ithinknot. Theopponentsoftheracialharassmentpolicyareoffendedthattheymaybeaskedtoaccountfortheirwords.ThatisacuriousthingtotakeoffenseatinaUniversity,butletitstand. Twotypesofoffensecontendforattentionhere.IfitrepealstheRacialHarassmentPolicy,theUni-versitywillbeassertingthatitisdeeplysympathetictothepeoplewhoareoffendedbecausetheymightbeaskedtoaccountfortheirwords,butindifferenttothosewhoareoffendedbyracistspeech. Last year, an appeal to the University’s Racial Harassment Policy produced a national controversy, withdebateoverfreespeechandcommunity.TheUniversitylearnedwhatmanyhavealreadycometorecognize.Inonesense,thereisnofreespeech.Speechiscostly. Iregretthecontentofthenationaldebate,butIcannotregretthedebateitself.Wearescholars.Thisisauniversity.Here,thestatementsoftheignorantandthemisled,aretobepreferredoverthecomplacentsilenceoftheunquestioning. Ifitrepealstheracialharassmentpolicyinthiscontext,theUniversitywillbeassertingthatitregardssuchcontroversyassomethingwhichisdangerous,andtobeavoided.Thisisnotapositionthatbecomesus.If,inthiscontext,theUniversityrepealsthepolicy,itwillthrowoverapolicythatwas the product of an extended process of reflection, discussion and debate, in response to the pas-sionsofthemoment.Keepingthepolicyinplaceacknowledgestheroleofreasonanddeliberationin its formulation. Repeal suggests an unseemly—and unscholarly—responsiveness to the ephemeral opinionsofthepressandthepowerofthetrustees. Keeping the policy in place affirms the values of equal protection, freedom of speech and ci-vility. Repeal may not involve rejecting those principles—in principle. In practice, repeal will do exactlythat.Repealis,incontext,anendorsementofalicensetoincivilityinracialmatters,anactof favoritism to the white majority, and a retreat from the first principles of intellectual life.

Theword“boy”issurely,byitself,oneofthemostinnocentofwordsandwhenusedonmostof us, even in a contemptuous tone, it doesn’t getmuchofaresponse.Butthesamewordcantotallystun.Whenintendedtoestablisharacially-basedgulfinstatusthereisnowaysanctionedbylawtorespond.Itpresentsthedilemmaofeithernoresponseoranillegalresponse.Andifagrownmanchoosestostaywithinthelawhemuststandsoundlessandmotionless.Hemust,inotherwords,bestunned. Onecanbesilencedbyspeech.Itisthispara-doxical power of speech—this power of pure speech to bring about silence—that stands as the central dilemmaofthesubject.Weneedfreespeechforthefreeexchangeofideas.Andfreespeechcanbeusedtostopthatexchangeofideas. Itwillnotdotoprohibitinsultingorobnox-iousspeech;thefreedomof“polite”or“civil”speech is an empty freedom. The cliche thatgrantingfreedomtothepressobligesittobea“responsiblepress”isacontradiction:nopressneedsthefreedomtoberesponsibleintheeyesofthosewiththepowertocensorit.Andsoitis with speech. Speech that insults our mostcherishedattributesistheveryspeechthatmostneedstheprotectionoftheFirstAmendment. Butthereisoneunacceptableformofspeech:speechoughtnotbetoleratedifbyitsverynatureitstopsthefreeexchangeofideas.Thisprincipleisusuallysowellunderstoodthatitgoesunre-marked.Thenotionoffree“speech”hasrightfullybeenextendedtoallsortsofbehaviorbutnooneclaimsthatitincludestherighttoblastoutthecompetition.AttheverytimethattheUniversityCouncilwasevolvingitsanti-harassmentpolicyitwasadoptinganoise-controlmeasureandnoonethoughttoclaimthattheFirstAmendmententitlesonefreelytoamplifyonesspeechtothepointwhereothersaredrownedout. We understand that a person can demandtobeheardbutwedonotallowhisdemandtoexcludeothersfrombeingheard.Weunderstandthiswhenthemethodofexclusionisnoise,ortherefusaltoprintresponses,orphysicalforce.Wecanfurtherunderstanditwhenthemethodofexclusionisspeechitself.Wealreadyhavetherulesforthis.Wehave,infact,alwayshadtherules.Indeed,nouniversitycanhopetobeaplaceforexploringideaswithouthavingsuchrules.Atthisparticularuniversitywecallthemthe“openexpression guidelines.” What we don’t seem to havehadisthewilltoenforcethem.Withinthelastfewyearswehaveseenplanneddisruptionsofclassrooms,planneddisruptionsofjudicialproceedings,planneddisruptionsofnewspaperdistribution, all without sanctions. The mostegregiouscasewas,ofcourse,whenThe Daily Pennsylvanian wastrashedbyadean. Rather than enforce the rules we alreadyhad, we deflected the issue—and I must count myself as part of this process—by adopting yet anothersetofrules.Thistimeitwasasetofrulesdestinedtohumiliatethoseitclaimedtoserve.Byfailingtoenforceourrulesthecampushasbecomelessthancongenialtothefreeexchangeofideas.Trulyopenexpressiontakesplaceonlyatauniversitywhennoneof itsmembersaresilenced,whetherbynoise,ordisruptions,orbybeingmadetofeelsounwelcomedthatsilencebecomestheonlyacceptableresponse.Suchisa goal that we can—indeed, must—strive for evenifittakesgenerationstoreach.Thatgoalwillultimatelybedefeatedbyanti-harassmentpolicies;itwillbeachievedbyacommitmentonthepartofallofustotrulyopenexpression.

(second statement next page)

CounCil

Two Statements from the FloorToinvokeaharassmentpolicyinthiscultureistodeclareoneselfaslessthanpowerful.Ontheotherhand,toappearmagnanimousinthefaceevenofadirectinsultestablishesoneasamem-beroftheelite.Whenawhitebasketballplayersmiles at the phrase “white man’s disease” he is certifyingthedominantroleofhisrace.Whenawhite male faculty member doesn’t respond to theword“whitemale”heistellingtheworldthat“whitemale” can’t be an insult. This very immunity toinsultsservesasabadgeofstrength.Andaneedforprotectionisseenasasignofweakness. There isaverynon-humorousside to thisdiscussion.Thereisaseriousproblemthatwecan’t just walk away from. If an anti-harassment policyisnottheanswer,wemustcontinuetoseekthe answer. It’s easy for those of us who don’t feelpowerlesstogoaroundchantingaboutsticksandstoneshurtingbonesbut“wordscanneverhurt me.” There’s a sense in which we’ve never really known how hurtful words can be. It’s easy tocriticizeothersforbeing“hypersensitive”andforinterpretingeveryinsultasaracialinsult.Buttheveryprocessthatallowsthoseinpowertoturneveryintendedinsultintoaharmlessjest,thatveryprocesscanturneveryremarkheardbythoseoutofpowerintoagrievousinsult. Snickerifyouwillat“waterbuffalo”beingheardasaracialinsult.Andaftersnickeringawhilethinkofalltheinnocent-soundingdescrip-tionsthatare,infact,intendedasracialinsults.Andthencomeupwithasystemthatcantellyou which way you’re supposed to respond.

• Dr. Peter Freyd, Professor of Math-ematics: A policy intended to reduce racialharassmentoughtnot,itisgenerallyagreed,beitselfracist.Thismeansthatitoughtnotprohibitharassingsomeracesmorethanothersandifapolicyweretodosoitwouldbedefeatingtheverygoalsitwasconstructedtoserve:itwouldbedeclaringsomeracesmoreneedyofprotectionthanothersandinsodoingitwouldbecertifyingtheveryracialpeckingorderitistryingtoundo.Itwouldbeinstitutionalizingascaleof“racialstrength”andbyinstitutionalizingit,itwouldbeenforcingit. Suchisthegeneralwisdom.Iamnotpre-paredtochallengeitsbasicassumptions.WhatIampreparedtochallengeisthepossibilityofimplementinganyracialharassmentpolicyinanon-racistway.Iamsuggestingthatthenoblegoalsofthebestwrittenpolicyinprinciplearedoomedtodefeatinpractice. Thereisahumoroussidetothisdiscussion.And that’s the problem. Humor when done properly targets those in power. You couldtry to prohibit “demeaning jokes” targeted atwhitesinthissociety,butIcannotimaginetheprohibitionactuallyworking.Worse,Icannotimaginewantingtoliveinasocietyinwhichitcouldwork.Thesavinggraceofthissocietyisits periodic deflation of the high and mighty. Ofcoursenooneeverexpectedthataharass-mentpolicywouldstoptheregulardemeaningofthepowerfulforthesimplereasonthatnooneeverexpectedthepowerfultoinvokethepolicy.


Speaking Out

Speaking Out welcomes reader contributions. Short timely letters on University issues can be accepted Thursday noon for the following Tuesday’s issue, subject to right-of-reply

guidelines. Advance notice of intention to submit is appreciated.—Ed.

CounCil• Dr. Jean Crockett, Professor of Fi-nance:TherearefourpointsIwishtomake. First,thelegalrequirements:TheUniversityislegallyresponsibleforprotectingwomenem-ployeesfromsexualharassmentintheworksite,includingapatternofverbalabuse;andasimilarlegalresponsibilityislikelytobeimposedwithrespecttoemployeeswhoaremembersofspeci-fied minority groups. What is left up to us to decide iswhetherornottoextendthesameprotectionlegallyrequiredforemployeesintheworkplacetostudentsinclassroomsandresidences. Second, thespeechcode isonepieceofabroader problem: divisiveness, incivility, andin-toleranceoncampus.Itwasintroducedinanattempttoaddresstheproblem.Ithasledustosomeabsurdoutcomes,althoughIamnotsurehowmuchthefaultlieswiththecodeitselfandhowmuchwithitsimplementation.Inanycasesomechangeshave tobemade.But Idonotthink that we should fix this one piece without at the same timemakingacoordinatedefforttocorrectthemanyotherthingsthatarewrongwithourapproachtotheunderlyingproblem. Whatwoulditsayifwesuspendthespeechcode,whileignoringotherfailuresofourpolicy?Itwouldseemtosayeither

�) that abuse is OK so long as it is merelyverbal,or

2) thatverbalabuseisregrettable,butnotreallyourconcern,or

3) that we do feel some responsibility, buthaven’t a clue as to what to do about it exceptformouthingpiousplatitudes.

Idonotthinkweshouldbesendinganyofthesemessages. Third,aprivateuniversityreally isdifferentfromagovernmentandthatdifferenceisrelevantforthewayweprioritizecompetingvalues.Theprotectionoffreespeechfromgovernmentalinter-ferencehasprimacybecauseitisessentialforthesurvivalofdemocracy.Agovernmentcanmaintainitself in power indefinitely, while maintaining democraticforms,ifitcansilenceitsopponents.Public universities, as agencies of government,areboundbythesamerules.Aprivateuniversityhasmuchlesspowerthanagovernmentandhasadifferentfunction.Withinthelaw,itcanandshouldsettheprioritiesthatitbelieveswillbestserveitsownparticularfunction. Finally,wecometothequestionofwhatpriori-tiesthisprivateuniversityshouldset.Itwillbearguedatoncethatweoweaspecialdutytofreeinquiryandthefreeinterchangeofideas.Icouldnotagreemore.ButIwoulddrawadistinctionbetweensubstantiveargumentsandargumentum ad hominem. Name calling is argumentum ad hominemandIdonotaccorditthesamesanctitythatIgivetosubstantiveargument. Iwouldfurtherarguethat,asauniversity,weoweaspecialdutytotolerance,civilityandthewillingnesstolisten.Itdoesnotdomuchforthefreeinterchangeofideasifeveryoneexpresseshimselffreely,butononelistens.IbelievethatthefreedomtoexpresssubstantiveargumentsisinverygoodshapeatthisUniversityandhasbeenforalongtime.ButIbelievethattoleranceandcivilityandthewillingnesstolistenareindesperate straits. So I hope we will view thespeechcodeinthecontextoftheproblemitwasmeanttoaddressandmakeacoordinatedefforttodealwithallofthefailuresofthatpolicy.

Ed. Note:comments of council member michael nadel are scheduled for publication next week, and views of others are invited.—K.c.G.

Against Departmental Closings TherecommendationsofDeanStevensto close five departments in the School of ArtsandSciencesleadsusinadirectionweoughtnotgo.Theserecommendationsstemfromaviewofourschoolanditspurposeswhichseesourundergraduatesasconsum-ersinacorporateculturethatiscentralizedtoadministrativeinitiatives,aviewsoundlyrejected by the Lindback Society’s invited lecturer on higher education assessment,WillardF.Enteman,intheissueofAlmanacannouncing the Dean’s proposed closings (9/28/93).Theconsumermodelformeasur-ing, restructuring and reengineering whatfacultyandstudentsdoisanoncollegialviewofourtasksanddiminisheslearningbybothteacher and student. In Enteman’s words, “instead of going back to first principles, the [corporate]assessmentpushershavetriedtomandate their version” of education. Thiscorporatecentralizationoughttogiveeveryfacultypersonpausebecausethenatureofourmissionisatstake. Centralization has occurred by increas-ingschoolresources(intheformofdollars,programs, personnel) that are subject tocentraladministrativesanctions.Thecentraladministration then controls the flow of those resources—turning them off as well as on. Vir-tually every financial crisis in this school and universityoverthelasteightyearshasservedasapretexttoincreasethiscentralization. Suchcentralcontrolitselfpresumesthatadministrators can adequatelymonitor theworldat largeandforecast itsdirectioninordertorespondwithnewinitiativeswhilediscontinuing old ones. Those monitoringtasks—of describing, analyzing, and seek-ing to anticipate the world’s workings—are the central purposes of disciplines anddepartments in a university’s organization. Certainly, no single canon of disciplinesanddepartmentsexists;theyhavegrownupinresponsetotheincreasingcomplexityofthe world’s workings, and as a function of researchand teachingwithin andbetweenfields. We ought to reject administrative prescriptionsthatclaimbetterknowledgeofthepurposesofdisciplinesanddepartmentsthantheirownpractitioners,orthatwouldmanipulate them in the interests of efficiency asopposedtosubstance. Thecurrentproposalswould result inareductionofthenumberofseparatedepart-mentswithwhichthecentraladministrationmust consult and a concurrent increase ininter-departmental institutes,programs,andcenters. No financial savings is achieved, but thepersonnel,programsandbudgetsarenewlysanctionedbythecentraladministration.Wehavebeentoldthattheproposed“program”budgets would be situated in the office of the AssociateDeanfortheCollege.Thatiscentral-izedadministrativecontrol,andleadsdirectlytocontrolofprogramsandpersonnel. Members of my department were told

repeatedlythattherewerenoplanstoclosethedepartment.Then,controlofthegraduategroupwastakenoutofthedepartmentandlodged inan inter-departmentalcommittee,against the Department’s wishes. This is the sameprocessthatisproposedfortheunder-graduateprogram,withtheproposedclosingoftheDepartment.TheDeannowwrites,“Therecommendations for these five departments aretheonlyrecommendationsforclosureormerger of departments following from thestrategicplanningprocess.”Thatmaybetrueforthecurrentroundofplanning,butbasedonourexperience,Idonotbelievethatpromiseholdsanylong-termmerit.Noneofyouhadbettercountonitifyourelinquishplanningtothethecentraladministration,andfailtoprotestthelackofcollegialconsultationandsubstantive justification. The particular claims made as justification forproposingtoclosetheAmericanCiviliza-tion Department cannot be sustained. Oneclaimis that thedepartmenthas“relativelyfew majors (�9 graduates in May �993).”Indeed,theDepartmentisasmallone,hav-ingnumberednine facultymembers in themid-1980’s, and now three. And the number of graduates has varied over time. But inthepastthreeyears,evenasourfacultywasreducedtothreetenuredmembers,thepoolof undergraduate majors has been steadilyincreasing,notdecreasing.Itcurrentlynum-bersmorethan60majors,notcountingthosewhograduatedthispastspring.Thesetotalsofcurrentmajorsandgraduatesarenotlargeabsolutenumbers,buttheratiotothenumberoffaculty,andtheratiotothetotalnumberofstudentstaughtbytheAmericanCivilizationDepartmentmakesthedepartmentoneofthemost efficient by the central administration’s ownmeasures.Further,thenumberofgradu-atesthispastyearwascomparabletoanyoftheothersmalldepartmentsandwasgreaterthanthenumberforalargerdepartmentlikesociology. Thus, contrary to the justification offeredbytheadministration,thefactswouldsuggestthattheprogramofthedepartmentisimportanttostudentswhowanttounderstandtheir own society and was accomplishingobjectives that are part of the administration’s ownmeasures.Inaddition,Imightnote,nearlyhalf of this past year’s graduates earned forms ofacademichonors. A second justification is that the number offacultyinthedepartment“isnotnumer-ousenough toprovide thecombinationofcoverage and intellectual focus that onewould expect of a first-rate American studies program.”Thisclaimissimultaneouslyfalseand misleading, if not downright uncon-scionable.It isfalseinsuggestingthat theprogram is less than first-rate. The Gorman Report, which ranked American Studiesundergraduateprogramsacross theUnitedStates, placed Penn’s second only to Yale’s, followedbyMichiganandBrown.Thatwasin�987,andinvolvedthecorestructureand


integrativeconcentration in themajor thatisstillinplace.Itismisleadingintheclaimthe faculty is not sufficiently numerous—to quote again—“though attempting valiantly to stretch itself across a wide range of fields.” First,thereasonthefacultyisnotnumerousisbecausethecentraladministrationhasre-fusedtoprovidenewappointmentsforvacantpositions.Inannouncingtheirdecisiontoourfaculty,thewordsusedbytheDeanswerethattheywerequiteawaretheyhad“starved”usofresources.Ihopeyouallunderstandthebrutalityofthatmetaphor,andthatitsveryrealimplementationandconsequenceswerethen used against us in the justification of the Dean’s recommendation. Second, we are not valiantlytryingtostretchourselvesacrossawide range of fields. We have concentrated oureffortsonourcore integrativecoursesandafewsupportingelectives.Andwherewe had instituted very attractive electivestaughtbyadjunctfaculty,theadministrationhasmovedtoeliminatethosecourses. Theissuehereisnotthatourundergradu-atestudentsdonottakeappropriatecoursesacrosstherangeofSASdepartments,becausetheydo.Inconsultationwiththeirfacultyad-visors,everystudentcreatesatopicorthemewhichtheypursueindepthbyconstructingtheir own selection of five courses whose contentwillallowthemtoexploreindepththetopicorthemetheyhavechosen.Virtually80%ofthesecoursescomefromoutsideoftheAmericanCivilizationDepartment.Ourmajorsandminorsalltakecoursesinotherdepartments according to their particularinterests—in Art History, Sociology, English, History, Anthropology, Political Science,Communication,RegionalScience,HistoryandSociologyofScience,Psychologyandeven the Biological Basis of Behavior toname those most frequently chosen. Ourcorecourses,taughtbyseniorfaculty,seektoexemplifyhowwedescribe,analyzeandintegrate our understandings of our ownsociety using regional applications—to theAmericanNorth,SouthandWest.Thestudents’ concentration, then, becomes their effort tomake this integrationwithregardtothetopicoftheirownchoosing.AndtheSeniorSeminarprovidesacapstonecoursewheretheybringtheirpriorlearningtobearonthecontemporaryUnitedStatesanditsfuture.Thisprogramstructurewascitedinthecollege Guideasanexemplaryoneforotherdepartmentstoemulate. It is, in fact, not the Department’s faculty sizeorprogramthataretrulyatissuehere.What is at issue is what is proposed.TheDean’s recommendations suggest “that a revised, inter-departmental undergraduatemajorcould...bringtogethermoreeffectivelythanthecurrentdepartmentalstructure,thewealthof intellectual talent inSAS in thefield of American Studies. A faculty commit-teewillbeconstitutedtomakeappropriaterecommendations.”Thispartoftherecom-mendationcomesclosesttotheaimsandpur-posesoftheadministrationandrunsdirectlycountertothelong-termdisciplinaryeffortsoftheAmericanCivilizationdepartmenttoconstructananthropology-likeapproachtothestudyofourownsociety.Theadminis-tration’s proposal represents a direct effort tocentralizeandcontrolwithadministrativesanctionstheAmericanCivilizationfaculty

andprogramsalonglinestheychoose. It is no secret that the administrationsoughtandaccomplishedapoliticaltake-overoftheGraduateGroupinAmericanCiviliza-tion during the past two years. This was first proposed more than five years ago through aninternalreview(authoredbyRichardBee-man,thenChairoftheHistoryDepartment).An external review committee dissentedfromtheinternalreport,recommendingthat“the Department ofAmerican Civilizationbemaintainedasadistinctdepartment.”Atthattimetheadministrationwrote,“Weac-ceptthisrecommendation.”But,ofcourse,thatisnotwhattheadministrationdid.Themoves that followed involved a cynicalpolicy of starvation on the one hand, andthe political take-over and re-organizationofthegraduategroupontheother.Butthatstill leftaDepartment thatnotonly failedto die, but which continued to flourish, and whoseinitiativesinAsian-AmericanstudiesandNativeAmericanstudies,continuingcorecourses, and the study of material cultureandpolitical communicationwere tappingsourcesofincreasedstudentinterest.Havingestablishednewcoursesinseveraloftheseareas,wewerethentoldthatwecouldnotparticipateinfacultysearchesinthem,andthediminishedfacultysizeisnowheldagainstus. That these moves were done withoutfull prior disclosure and open discussioncertainlyservestoundermineanysenseofcollegiality and trust. I urge that the Dean’s recommendationsbesetasideandthatthefuturedirectionofthisschoolbyre-examinedwithfullandopendiscussion.

—melvyn HammarbergAssociate Professor of American

civilization and Undergraduate chair

RegionalScience,andReligiousStudies,andifasshesaysshehasahighestimateoftheacademicattainmentsofthefacultyinthosedepartments,whatisthepointofdestroyingthedepartmentswealreadyhave?Surelythelogicalthingtodowouldbetobuildonwhatisalreadyinplace.Itmaybethatinthecurrentfinancial situation, new appointments cannot bemade in thesedepartments (although thefactthatshehasauthorized4�newsearchesmakesonewonder),butifshehopestoobtainthecooperationof scholars froma rangeofother departments to foster these programs,whynotusetheexistingdepartmentsasagentstobringtogetherandcoordinatetheirefforts?CertainlyweinAmericanCivilizationwouldwelcomethecooperationofotherAmericanistsinenrichingourprogram,andIknowthattheotherdepartmentsfeelthesameway.Moreover,itmakesfarmoresensetobuildanexpandedprogram around an already existing centerthan to first destroy the center and then try to reconstitute the program—far more sense, that is,unlessthehiddenagendaisthattheDeandoesnotlikethecurriculumwepresentlyofferordisapprovesoftheapproachnowtakenbythesedepartments.Ifthatisthecase,theagendashouldnotbehidden.Letitbespelledout,andlet us—for once—have a genuine intellectual debateaboutthesematters. ButIfeartheagendaismoredeviousthanthat.Ifearthattherealagendaistoeliminatethese fields of study from the Penn curriculum. It is difficult to eliminate departments, as the Deanisdiscovering;itisalltooeasytoelimi-nate programs—no Trustee vote is required forthat.AndwhyelsewouldtheDeanpursuethiscourse?Sheofcoursedeniesthatthisisherintention,butthedayispastwhenIcanbelievewhatshesays.Havingbeenassuredrepeatedlybyherthatthedepartmentwouldnotbeclosed,andhavingseenhowlittlethesestatementsactuallymeant,Ihavelearnedtobelieve what she does, not what she says.Andwhatsheisdoingistryingtodestroythesmallerdepartmentswhilepouringresourcesinto the larger ones. Yet one of Penn’s great strengthshistoricallyhasbeen therangeofsmallerdepartmentswhichithasandwhichhave permitted an extremely rich range ofundergraduateofferings.Isitrationalpolicytodestroydepartmentswhichhavebeenandareamong those which yield the greatest benefit tothisuniversityattheleastcost? IftheDeanweretosaythatowingtothefinancial situation, the University must con-solidateunits,andifaconvincingcasecouldbemadethatsuchaconsolidationwouldsavesignificant amounts of money, then while we mightdisagreewithherat leastwewouldunderstandthereasonsforthisaction.Butshe says the reasons are not financial. Indeed, it is very hard to see how any significant sav-ingsaretobemadebythisaction;andstaffsalarieswhich,shehaspubliclystated,willremainunchanged.Sowhatarethereasons?Religious Studies is criticized for havingonlytenmajors;AmericanCivilizationhas60majors,sothenumberofmajorsisobvi-ouslynotthereason.Thesedepartmentsarecriticizedforbeing toosmall;whose faultis that? Certainly it is not the fault of thedepartmentswhichwouldbehappytogrow.Anddespitebeingsmall,thesedepartmentsproduceexcellentprogramsandscholarship.By the Dean’s own figures, the American

What Are the Real Reasons? TheSASFacultymeetingofOctober�2makesitveryclearthatthisFacultyfacesachoicebetweenacorporatetypeofgover-nanceinwhichexecutivesdecreeandfacultyobey and a collegial type of governancein which the Faculty governs itself. Theconductofthedeanswasincredible.TheydidnotdenythattheyhadfailedtoconsultwithanyofthefacultyofthedepartmentstargetedbytheDeanbeforesheissuedherrecommendations to the Trustees. Theirrationaleforthisconductwasthathadtheydoneso,theoppositionofthosefacultytoherrecommendationswouldhavegeneratedageneraloppositionamongthefacultyasawholewhichmighthavehinderedherplans.She further claimed that no consultationwiththeFacultywasnecessarybeyondtheOctober�2thmeeting,andmadeitveryclearthatregardlessofwhattheFacultysaysordoes,sheintendsto“implement”herrecom-mendationsanyway.Clearly,thetimingofher actionwasdesigned to secureTrusteeapprovalofherrecommendationsbeforetheFacultyrealizedwhatshewasdoingorhadanopportunitytomakeitsviewsknown. Asthisnightmarehasunfolded,Ihavevacil-latedbetweenthinkingthatthereisbehindtheDean’s actions some deep plan which I cannot fathom,andthinkingthatheradministrationhaslost its collective mind. What I find particularly troublingisthatherrecommendationsmakenosense.IfassheclaimsshewantstoseebetterprogramsestablishedinAmericanCivilization,


CivilizationDepartmentisthemostcostef-ficient department in SAS (which only means that we do more for less—not a distinction I covet,butonewhichshowsthenonsenseofherargument).Sowhataretherealreasons?Whyistheadministrationsoshy?Iftherearecomplaintstobemadeagainstus,makethem,andletusfaceourproblems.Butthesestarchamberproceedings,theseclosed-doorcabals,areunworthyofthisinstitutionandthe antithesis of the collegial governancewhichhascharacterizedthisFacultyinthepastandwhichthisFacultyshoulddemandcontinueinthefuture.

—murray murphey, chair Department of American civilization

On SAS Departments IamacutelyawareofthepaincausedtomydistinguishedcolleaguesProfessorsMur-pheyandHammarberg,becauseofproposedchangestodepartmentalorganizationinSAS,includingtheclosingofthedepartment(butnotthegraduategroupnortheundergraduateprogram)ofAmericanCivilization.Changeishard.Theirlettersraisesomeissuesthataffectalltheproposedchangestodepartmen-talstructure inSAS,but theyalso includesomeinaccuracies,perhapsmisperceptionsisthebetterword,andraisequestionsabouttheprocessofconsultation,whichIhopetoclarifyhereforallconcerned. The first and most important element in theproposalsforrestructuringisthatresearchuniversities in the �990s must make hardchoices. We do not have the resources inthe�990s todevelop inanyonedirectionwithoutshiftingresourcesfromelsewhereintheSchooloruniversity.Thoseuniversitieswhichareabletousetheirresourceswiselyand flexibly will overtake competitors that cannotmakestructuralchange,orcanonlydo so after the fabric of their institutionshas seriously deteriorated. (This theme is,inanutshell, themain themeof the latestissueofDaedalus, The American Research University, fall �993).Academic planningin the �990s involves conscious choices.InSASwehaveavigorous,inventive,andforward-lookingschool. Second,theproposalshavealonghistory.Theydidnotspringupsuddenlyfromacor-porateorFrankenstinianbrainbutare,rather,theresultof(�)yearsofadeliberate,ifquiet,policyofattritioninselecteddepartmentsoverthetenureofseveraldeans,and(2)ayearandahalfofintensiveplanningandpriority-settinginSAS,drawingontheexpertiseoffacultythroughout the School.With respect to theformer point, the department of AmericanCivilizationhasseenitsstandingfacultyfallfromnine to three inaperiodofsixyears.ReligiousStudiesfacultyhasdroppedfromninetosix,RegionalSciencefromsixteentosix,andAstronomyfromseventotwo.Thesetrendsalonehavesentaclearmessageaboutprioritiestothesedepartments. Theproposalsfordepartmentalrestructur-ingnowbeingmadefollowacomprehensiveplanning process for SAS, involving atleast 100 of the School’s 475 faculty. These include members of the School’s Planning and Priorities Committee, five faculty task forces,andthreefacultypanelstoreviewthedepartments’ five-year plans for each of the

programs,forbothundergraduateandgradu-atestudents, that transcend thestructureofdepartments. Many of the educational andresearchactivitiesrelatingtotherestructuringwillbesupportedinthisway.WewillhavestrongundergraduateandgraduateofferingsinAmericanCivilizationinSASsupportedascross-departmentalprograms.Slavicswillberebuilt,Astronomyprogramswillbepreservedwithin amergeddepartment.Wewant andwillhavestrongundergraduateandgraduatecross-departmental programs in ReligiousStudies,andarepushingforaUniversity-widelookatthebestwaytosupportprogramsinurbanandregionaldevelopmentandappliedsocialscienceatPenn.Outofchangecomesinnovation.Theresultofthesechanges,takentogether,willbeverypositivefortheSchool.AsamemberoftheSASfacultysince�979,I am honored to serve as dean. I am alsodeeplyawareof theresponsibilities thatgowithfacultyleadership.

— Rosemary Stevens, Dean, School of Arts and Sciences

main divisions of the School— humanities, socialsciences,andnaturalsciences.AllSASdepartments were asked to respond to specific questionsrelatingtothedisciplineconcerned,itsstrengthandcharacteratPenn,andfutureprospects for the field. The departmental plans werereviewedbytheappropriatedivisionalpanel,eachofwhichwasasked,inturn,toassessstrengthsandweaknesses,departmentbydepartment,andtoidentifycross-cutting(School-wide)strengths,themes,andneeds.Thepanelreportswerediscussedfurtherbythe Planning and Priorities Committee intermsofpriority-settingforthefuture.TheproposalsIammakingforrestructuringstemoutofthisentire,interlockingsetofactivities.This year’s Planning and Priorities Commit-teehasfurtherdiscussedtherestructuring,andsupportstheproposalsIammaking. Theannouncementoftheproposedrec-ommendationsasapackageunderlinestheimportantmessage to facultyandstudentsthat the announced changes are the resultof judgementsmadebymanypeopleoveraperiodofyears,andthattheyarepartofacomprehensivestrategyforthewholeSchool.Otherrecommendationsforclosureormergerarenotforeseen. Third,therehasasyetbeennoformalrec-ommendationtotheProvostfordepartmentalrestructuringinSAS,andthustherehasasyetbeennorecommendationforrestructuringtotheBoardofTrustees,whichisresponsiblefor making the final decision. The period between the initial announcement of theproposedchanges(onSeptember22totheaffecteddepartmentsandonSeptember23toallfacultyinSAS)andaformalrecom-mendationtoProvostLazersonrepresentsanimportantperiodofconsultation.Inthewordsof Provost Aiken’s directive, setting out the procedurefordepartmentalclosings,wearenowintheperiodof“priorconsultations”witheachofthedepartmentsconcerned.Thustheannouncementoftheproposedrestructuringwasfollowedimmediatelybymeetingswitheachofthedepartmentsconcerned,andbymeetings with individual faculty in thosedepartments.Viewsarebeingboth soughtandheardfromfacultyinthesedepartmentsand across the School. Restructuring wasdiscussed at the faculty meeting held onOctober�2,andwillbediscussedagainatthecontinuationofthismeetingonOctober2�. I also presented the proposals to theAcademicPolicyCommitteeoftheBoardofTrustees,forinformation,onOctober�4,andIhaveconsultedwiththeInterimPresidentandInterimProvost,andwiththechairoftheFacultySenate.Iremainwillingtolistento all points of view, as are theAssociateDeans of SAS and members of the School’s PlanningandPrioritiesCommittee.Sofar,Imustsay,therehasbeenlittleofsubstancetoconvincemethat theoriginalproposalsshould be substantially modified. However, importantadditionsandchangesarebeingsuggested, and will most likely be made,with respect to proposals for implementa-tion.Thegoalistoachieveatransition(onJuly�,�994)thatisseamlesstostudentsintheprogramsconcerned,andthatcausestheleastdisruptiontoourfacultycolleagues. Penn has a superb School of Arts andSciences.Oneofthethingswedobestistocreateandrunoutstandinginterdisciplinary

An Open Letter to Dorothy King On behalf of the Officers and the Board of GovernorsoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaFacultyClub,wewishtocongratulateyouonyourcontemplatedretirement. YouhavemademajorcontributionstotheClubanditsmembershipeversinceyouwerefirst appointed to our staff in May of 1965. I can recall your first assignment as a waitress during the first year of your employment becauseIbecamePresidentoftheClubataboutthattime,servingfrom�966-�969. Yourwarmpersonality,yourintelligenceandyourdevotiontomemberinterests,havebeendiscussedmanytimesbythoseofuswhoservedontheBoardofDirectorsandwhocommunicatedregularlywithmembership.IcanrecallyourpromotiontoCashier,andhowloyalandindustriousyouwereinwork-ing under difficult conditions in the crowded second floor cafeteria. In the later years of yourworkattheFacultyClub,youbecameourPrincipalReceptionistandKeyGreeter.With a warm smile and a gentle manner,you were always able to direct concernedandoftenimpatientvisitorstotheirpropereventsanddestinations. Asyouknow,IalsoreturnedtothePresi-dencyin�988servingthrough�99�andIcouldalwayscountonyoursupporttohelpmaketheClubrunsmoothly. IhopethatyouwillcontinuetobefrequentvisitorandguestatFacultyClubAffairs.Wearenotagrouptoforgetyourcontributionsovera28-yearperiod.Ourbestwishestoyouandyournewendeavorsandhopefullynewhobbies.

—Edward B. ShilsPast President, Faculty club(For the Board of Directors)

Ed. Notes FriendsofDorothyKingare invited todropinandwishherwellduringthelunchperiod, �� a.m. to � p.m., on Wednesday,October27,inthemainloungeoftheClub.

• AletterconcerningbicyclesonLocustWalkhasbeenheldfornextweektoallowtimeforright-of-reply.—K.c.G.


muchasthesecurityofotheremployees,andsurelyPennwishestoremaincompetitive in attracting and retaining highly qualified individuals, regard-lessoftheirsexualorientation.Moreover,evenifthefailuretoprovidedomestic partner benefits to lesbian and gay employees is not contrary to the University’s non-discrimination policy, it hardly bespeaks an effort to eliminate an inappropriate pattern of unequal treatment in benefits. Wesharetheviewofsomeothercollegesanduniversitiesthatthemoralforce of the argument for according domestic partner benefits to partners oftheoppositesexisnotnearlysostrong.TheUniversityshouldalsobeconcerned about their partners’ financial security and about attracting them to,andretainingthemin,theworkforce.Yet,theinabilityofoppositesexpartners to secure spousal benefits is the result of personal choice, not of legalprohibitionsthattheUniversityispowerlesstochange.Moreover,inPennsylvaniaitispossibletoenterintoacommonlawmarriage(althoughnottodivorce)withoutstateintervention,andadjoiningstatesrecognizecommonlawmarriagesthatarevalidwheremade. The movement nationally and at Penn to provide domestic partnerbenefits does not arise from a grass roots campaign to recognize non-tra-ditionalrelationshipsingeneral.Itisresponsivetotheparticularsituationofgaysandlesbians,whomaybeinvolvedinorwishtoenterlong-termcommittedrelationshipsbutwhoarelegallydisabledfromenteringtheone status that would permit them to qualify for spousal benefits. Thus,webelievethatargumentsfromequitypushverystronglyinfavorofachangeinUniversitypolicywithrespecttodomesticpartnersofthesamesex.Equitycannotalwaysbeatrumpcard,however,particularlyinthe increasingly cost-conscious world of employee benefits. Still, we do not regard the perceived need to reduce or otherwise reconfigure existing benefits as an adequate justification for continued inequity. Equal opportunity in a world of constrained benefits dollars requires that sacrifices be shared. In any event, our research and the independent inquiries of the Office of HumanResources(astatementfromwhichisattachedtothisreport[see page 10]) provide no basis for a prediction that according benefits to same-sex domestic partners would consequentially affect the cost of benefits at Penn.Tobesure,experiencetodateislimited,andwearenotawareofanytrulysophisticatedanalysis.Onecertaincostwouldbeasimplefactorofadditionalenrollees,butexperienceelsewhereleadsustoestimateasmallnumber here, at least for health benefits. Existing data do not support fears that according same-sex domestic partner benefits would overwhelm the systemwithmedicalcostsasaresultofAIDS.Indeed,theinsurancecarriersfor a number of employers that have extended domestic partner benefits have loweredtheirpremiumswhenitbecameclearthatexperiencedidnotsup-port estimates reflecting such fears. We expect AIDS-related costs to occur, butwenotethattheymaynotbeashighasthecostsofothercatastrophicillnessesandthatthesame-sexpartnerpopulationincludeslesbians,whohavealowerthanaverageincidenceofAIDS. Costis,however,anadditionalreasonnottoextenddomesticpartnerbenefits to unmarried partners of the opposite sex. Experience suggests thatopposite-sexenrolleeswouldoutnumbersame-sexpartners,addingat least the costs of additional enrollments. We would not regard thisconsiderationasimportantifwethoughtopposite-sexdomesticpartnershadastrongmoralclaimtocoverage.Weperceivenosuchclaimonthepartofthosewhohaveitwithintheirpower,includingthroughcommonlaw marriage, to qualify for the benefits they seek.

TheTaskForcewascreatedinMarch�993andasked“toconsidertheproposition that theUniversity shouldprovide todomesticpartnersofPenn employees the same benefits provided to spouses of employees.” The TaskForceheldsevenmeetings,atwhichwereviewedcurrentUniversitypoliciesandpractices,thepoliciesandpracticesatotherinstitutions,andavarietyofmaterialsrelevanttotheissuesraisedbythepropositionputtous.Inthisbriefreport,weconveyourunanimousrecommendationthatthe University should provide benefits to domestic partners of the same sex and the reasons for that recommendation. Specifically, we recommend thefollowingstatementofpolicy:

TheUniversityofPennsylvania recognizes that lesbianandgayfaculty and staff members who are, or who may wish to become,involved in long-termcommitted relationships arenotpermitted tomarry and therefore cannot qualify for benefits available to the spouses ofemployeesandtheirchildren.Believingthattheinequitytherebycreated is not consistent with the stated affirmative action goal of eliminating inappropriate patterns of unequal treatment in benefits, the University shall henceforth accord benefits and privileges to the same-sexdomesticpartnersofemployeesandtheirchildrenthatarecomparable to the benefits accorded to spouses and their children.

Discussion Benefits strategies and policies change, particularly in response to costsandmarketforces.AccordingtocurrentUniversityliterature,Penn“provides benefits to faculty and staff members for two reasons. The pri-mary reason is to protect the financial security of our faculty and staff . . . The second reason . . . is to keep Penn competitive in attracting qualified peopletotheUniversityandinretainingtheoutstandingfacultyandstaffmemberswehave.” The University’s affirmative action/equal opportunity policy has not changedinmorethanadecade.Itforbidsdiscriminationonthebasisofsexualoraffectionalpreference,appliesthatpolicyofnon-discriminationspecifically to benefits, and exhorts the community to move beyond simple non-discriminationtotheeliminationofinappropriatepatternsofunequaltreatment. In recent years, notwithstanding rising health care costs and otherpressures on employee benefit plans, a growing number of private and municipal employers have extended benefits to the domestic partners of theiremployees.ThistrendincludesuniversitiessuchasChicago,Harvard,theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,andStanford.Someemployershave extended benefits to all domestic partners who meet the requirements, but colleges and universities have tended to restrict the benefit to domestic partnersofthesamesex.Althoughcostconsiderationshaveundoubtedlyaffectedthatchoice,equallyifnotmoreimportanthasbeentheviewthatthe moral force of the argument for according domestic partner benefits ismuchstrongerwithrespecttothosewhoarelegallyprohibitedfrommarrying (and thus qualifying for spousal benefits) than it is for those who forpersonalreasonschoosenottomarry. In our view, both current University benefits policy and stated affirmative action/equalopportunitypolicysupport(iftheydonotrequire)accordingbenefits to domestic partners of the same sex. Surely, the University wishes to protect the financial security of its lesbian and gay faculty and staff as

For Comment

(continued next page)

Preliminary Report of the Task Force on Benefits for Domestic Partners

last Spring (Almanac April 13, 1993), President Sheldon Hackney created a task force to review the issue of providing employee benefits to domestic partners. That task force has now submitted a preliminary report, which is published below for comment by members of the Penn community, as originally promised by President Hackney. Stanford University, the University of chicago, columbia University, massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Universities of california at Berkeley and at Santa cruz, the University of Iowa, and the University of Vermont have already extended benefits to same-sex domestic partners. Harvard and Yale may follow suit. Comments should be directed in writing to the Office of the President, 121 College Hall, or e-mailed to [email protected] no later than november 19, 1993.

— claire Fagin, Interim President


Finally in this aspect,wedonotbelieve that theUniversitywouldinvidiously discriminate by extending benefits to same-sex, but not to opposite-sex,domesticpartners.Again,thegoalisnottorepudiatemar-riage,nortoestablishnon-traditionalrelationshipsingeneral,aslegitimatebenefits criteria. The University is not responsible for the state’s refusal topermitlesbiansandgaystomarry,butitisboundbyitsownpoliciestoeliminate inappropriate patterns of unequal treatment in benefits. It is one thingtoexcludethosewhoarelegallyincapacitatedandquiteanothertorefusetoincludethosewhosedisadvantagespringsfrompersonalchoice.Thereisarationalbasisfordistinguishingbetweenthetwogroups,anditinvolvesmaritalcapacityratherthansexualpreference. No matter what the scope of their domestic partner benefits policies, the employers who have extended such benefits, including colleges and universities,haveevincedconcernaboutfraud.Desiringtoattract,retainandprotectemployeeswhohaverelationshipsakintomarriage,theyhaveworried that the lure of benefits will cause those employees to mistake a roommateoracasualfriendfor,ortomisrepresentthatpersonas,adomesticpartner.Yet,aswehavelearnedduringthecourseofourdeliberations,fraudis not unknown in the traditional world of spousal and dependent benefits. Marriageanddependencyarerelativelyeasytoestablish.Inlightofthe value of the benefits at stake and recent demonstrations of employees’ creativity in seeking toobtain them,webelieve theUniversity shouldestablishauniformpolicyrequiringdocumentationofrelationshipsthatentail eligibility for University benefits. In our view, such a requirement shouldbemadeapplicabletoallnewemployees;theUniversityhasthelegalrighttoimposeitonexistingemployeesaswellbutshoulddosoonlywhenthereisareasontobelievethateligibilitydoesnotexist. Inanidealworld,theUniversitywouldimposeonemployeesseek-ing domestic partner benefits exactly the same criteria and requirements, includingdocumentation requirements, as are imposedwith respect toeligibility for spousal and dependent benefits. We favor making the criteria andrequirementsascloseaspossibleandthus,forinstance,treatingachildofadomesticpartneridenticallytoastepchild.Asame-sexdomesticpart-nershipisnot,however,andcannotbeamarriage,anditisnotamenabletosimilareaseofdocumentation. Moreover,marriage (includingcommon lawmarriage)entails legalresponsibilities that may make it an unattractive vehicle for a free benefits ride.Sincefraudisnottheexclusiveprovinceofheterosexuals,webelievethattheUniversityshouldrequireevidencethatasame-sexdomesticpart-nershipinvolvesmutualobligationsakintothoseofmarriage.Accordingly,we would require those seeking domestic partner benefits to certify that:

(1) they have a committed relationship of indefinite duration;(2) they reside together and intend to do so for an indefinite period of

time;(3)eachisthesoledomesticpartneroftheother;(4)neitherpartnerismarried;(5)bothpartnersareatleast�8yearsofage;(6)partnersarenotrelatedbybloodtoadegreethatwouldbarmarriage

intheirstateofresidence;(7) partners are financially responsible for each other, to be demonstrated

byproducinganythreeofthefollowingdocuments:a. domesticpartnershipagreement;b. jointmortgageorlease;c. designation of domestic partner as beneficiary in a life insurance

policyorretirementcontract;d. designation of domestic partner as primary beneficiary in a

will;e. durablepropertyandhealthcarepowersofattorney;f. jointtitletoanautomobile,orjointbankaccountorcreditaccount.

Ifthesecriteriaandrequirementsareimposed,theTaskForcebelievesthatthereshouldnotbeanyspecialwaitingperiodsforeligibility(i.e.,differentfrom those applicable to spousal/ dependent benefits). Moreover, we note the importanceofinterpretingoursuggestedcriteriasoasnottodisadvantagedomesticpartnersvis-à-visspouses,asforinstancebyfailingtorecognizethatthosewho“residetogether”mayforatimenotbeableactuallytolivetogether.Wewould,however,requirenoticeofterminationofthepartnership

andimposeatwelve-monthwaitingperiodbeforeanemployeewouldbeeligibletoregisteranewdomesticpartner.Anticipatingthattheproposeddocumentation requirement of joint financial responsibility may prove a hardship for some employees because of their financial circumstances, we alsorecommendthataspecialappealprocedurebeavailable. The Task Force’s recommendation that the University accord domestic partner benefits to employees who satisfy the criteria and requirements discussed above is intended to include all benefits and privileges that are availabletospousesanddependentsofemployees.Werecognize,ofcourse,that those benefits may change. Again, the guiding principle of benefits administration should be to define criteria and requirements so as to achieve theclosestpossiblecomparabilitybetweensame-sexdomesticpartnershipsandmarriage.Thus,aswehavenoted,childrenofadomesticpartnershouldbetreatedasiftheywerestepchildrenoftheemployee.Afewadditionalmatters regarding the Task Force’s recommendation deserve comment. With respect to retirement benefits, it is our view that the recommended changeinUniversitypolicyshouldapplyonlytoemployeeswhoretireafteritbecomeseffective(i.e.,nottothosealreadyretired).Wenotethat,in addition to changes in medical benefits, the recommended policy would require revision of the University’s defined benefit pension plan (for full-time regular A3 staff), under which survival benefits are currently provided tomarriedemployeesonly. The University offers a number of benefits and privileges that are not funded by the employee benefits budget. These include bereavement leave, sickleave,recreationfacilityprivileges,libraryprivileges,andPennGuestcards.Currentpoliciesandpracticesastotheeligibilityofdomesticpart-ners for those benefits and privileges differ; some are in flux, and some are simplyunclear.ItistheintentoftheTaskForcethattheUniversitypolicywerecommendbeuniformlyapplicableandthattheregistrationprocessbe centrally administered, thereby reducing inefficiency, inconsistency, andintrusiveness. TheserecommendationsconcernfacultyandstaffoftheUniversity.Someofthesameissuesmayarisewithrespecttostudents,butlackingstudentmembers,wedidnotdeemitappropriatetoaddressthem.

Conclusion Thetenorofrecentdebateaboutproposedmunicipallegislationregardingdomesticpartnershipspromptsustoendwherewebegan.CurrentUniversitybenefits policy seeks to protect the financial security of employees and to enabletheinstitutiontoremaincompetitiveinthemarketplaceoftalent.University policy also forbids discrimination in benefits on the basis of sexualoraffectionalpreferenceandaspirestoeliminateinappropriatepat-ternsofunequaltreatment.Lesbiansandgaysarevaluedmembersofthiscommunity.Manyofthemare,ormaywishtobe,involvedinlong-termcommittedrelationships.TheUniversityispowerlesstochangethelegaldefinition of a spouse or a family, but equity requires that it recognize and makeadjustmentsforlegalincapacityinformulatingandimplementingemployee benefits policy.

members of the Task ForceDr.MaryFrancesBerryMr.StephenB.Burbank,chairMr.RichardJ.CensitsDr.GloriaTwineChisumDr.E.AnnMatterMs.KatharinePollakMs. Afi RobersonDr.DonaldH.Silberberg

Ex Officio: Dr.ElsaRamsden

Resource PersonsDebraF.Fickler,EsquireDr.R.WilliamHollandDr.WalterD.Wales

Reporter:MaryFurash

For Comment

Attachment from the University of Pennsylvania Division of Human Resources is on page 10.

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993�0

Attachment to the Domestic Partners Report [pp. 8-9] from the Division of Human Resources

Statement on Domestic Partner Benefits

For Working Families at Penn: A Fair October 28

In cooperation with the Task Force on Benefits for Domestic Partners, theDivisionofHumanResourceshassought toobtain informationondomestic partner benefits from a variety of sources to aid members of the taskforceincomingtoaclearunderstandingoftheissues,includingthecost implications that extending benefits to domestic partners might have for the University. The extension of benefits to domestic partners is a relatively new aspect of employee benefit packages. As a result, information on the issuewasprimarilygathereddirectlybysurveyingemployerscurrentlyoffering domestic partners benefits. As one would expect, their experience withtheissuesandassociatedcostsiscurrentlylimited.Consequently,conclusions based on this experience represent “best guess” estimateswhich undoubtedly will be influenced as more experience is gained. An additionalsourceofinformationwasapaperdraftedbyHewittAssociates.Ourinquirieshaveyieldedthefollowinginformation.

• SeveralmunicipalitiesinCalifornia,afewprivatesectoremployersand universities offer benefits to domestic partners of employees.

• Employershaveindicatedthattheaveragecostsofmedicalinsur-ancefordomesticpartnersisapproximatelythesameastheaveragecostofmedicalinsuranceforspouses.Generally,anyaddedcostexperiencedbyemployersseemstoresultfromaddingindividualsto the employers’ medical plans and not from a higher incidence of catastrophicdiseases.

• Employers typically have specific concerns regarding AIDS when investigating the possibility of offering domestic partner benefits: 1) ThebeliefthatthecostoftreatingAIDSisprohibitive.2)EmployeeswouldbeinclinedtoseekmedicalcoverageforadomesticpartnerwithAIDS.Experienceofemployers,todate,hasindicatedthattheaboveconcernshavenotbeenrealized.ThecostoftreatingAIDSisno more significant than other serious illnesses that are more common. ThereisalsonoevidencethatemployeeswithdomesticpartnersaremoreinclinedtoseekcoverageforpartnerswithAIDS.

• Overall, employers have indicated that the ratio of employeeschoosingcoveragefortheirdomesticpartnersincomparisontothe

number of benefits eligible employees is small. Employers offering domestic partner benefits to same-sex and opposite-sex domestic partners have experienced greater utilization of the benefits by op-positesexpartners.

Itcanbeconcluded,withthelimitedinformationavailable,thatthecostofprovidingdomesticpartnersandtheirdependentchildrenwithmedicalinsuranceisdirectlyrelatedtothenumberofpartnersandchildreninsured.WhileitisnotpossibletoaccuratelypredictthenumberofPennemploy-eeswhowouldchoosedomesticpartnercoverageshoulditbeoffered,itseems reasonable to assume that Penn’s experience in the area of medical insurancewouldbesimilartothatofotheremployers. With respect to tuition benefits for dependent children, the cost of providing the benefit is again related to the number of dependent children using the benefit. Since few employers offer tuition benefits for dependent children comparable to Penn’s benefit, there is no basis of comparison to determine usage trends. Penn’s tuition benefit is generous. It is possible thatemployeeswhowouldnotinsureapartnerandhis/herchildrenthroughPenn’s medical benefits would use the tuition benefit for a partner’s de-pendentchildren.Thepotentialexistsforgreaterutilizationofthetuitionbenefit than other more standard benefits. Itisreasonabletoconcludefromtheavailableinformationthatthecostofextendingmedicalcoveragetodomesticpartnersandtheirdependentchildren would not be burdensome. If usage trends of the tuition benefit paralleltheusagetrendsofmedicalcoverageexperiencedbyotheremploy-ers,thesameconclusioncanbedrawnregardingtheextensionoftuitionbenefits. It must be noted that such a conditional conclusion is potentially unfoundedandcanonlybetestedwithexperience. TheDivisionofHumanResourcesrecognizesthatthereisacostimpactin extending benefits to same-sex domestic partners. In extending those benefits there is a need for clarity concerning precisely who is eligible to receive benefits and under what circumstances.

— R. William Holland, Vice President for Human Resources

Penn’s first on-campus fair for working families,co-sponsoredbytheFamilyResourceCenter and the Office of Human Resources, will beheldThursday,October28,from��a.m.-2p.m.inAlumniHallattheFacultyClub.Titledthecelebrating Working Families at Penn Fair, it will feature information on services, benefits, recreationandproductsforworkingparentsandchildrenoftheUniversitycommunity.

Advice for Living AtQ&Atablestherewillbeexpertson: African-American Parenting: Isabel Samp-son-Mapp,AfricanAmericanResourceCenter; child Development: Jean Fridy, GraduateSchoolofEducation; Divorce and Stepfamilies: Rose Maruca,ChildGuidance; Eldercare:CarolBennett-Speight,Faculty/StaffAssistanceProgram; Fire Safety:JohnCook,FireandOccupationalSafety; Halloween Safety: LieutenantSusanHolmes,PublicSafety; lead Poisoning:FrederickHenretig,PoisonCenter,CHOP; legal Issues: Robert Wilson, L’80, Ingram, Robinson&Wilson; midwifery: Jerrilyn Meyer, School of Nurs-ing; nutrition:FranBurke,HUP.

Products and Services At other tables, representatives of specific ser-vicesandproductswillbeposted.Amongthem: Health Plans: U.S. Healthcare, Keystone,BC/BS,GreaterAtlantic; Dental Plans:PennFacultyDentalService,PrudentialDentalPlan; HUP Pharmacy; Tuition and Scholarship Programs; Pre-tax Expense Accounts; Recreation:HutchinsonGym; Day care centers: Penn Children’s Center, TheCaringCenter,AnySituationNannyService; Discovery Program of the University’s Col-legeofGeneralStudies; Children’s Books:ThePennBookstorewilldisplayandsellthem,with�5%offthoseboughtattheFair; Children’s Software:TheComputerConnec-tionwillalsooffer�5%offpurchasesmadeattheFair; cook Travel: thePenn-designatedagency. Mortgageandcreditliteraturewillbepro-vided by the Treasurer’s Office and Penn Credit Union, respectively.And a wide spectrum ofcultural/recreationalopportunitieswillbelaidbefore Penn faculty and staff at the fair—what’s happening,andhowtogetinonit,attheUniver-sityMuseum,MorrisArboretum,IceRink,An-nenbergCenter,InstituteofContemporaryArt,GirlScouts,YMCAandPhiladelphiaZoo.

Drawing for Prizes Attendeeswillhaveachancetowin:

• afamilytriptoWilliamsburgfromCookTravel;

• a smoke detector or fire extinguisher from FireandOccupationalSafety;

• sweatsuitsfortheentirefamilyfromU.S.Healthcare;

• a $50 gift certificate from the Book-store;

• ticketstotheAnnenbergCenter,IceRink,UniversityMuseumandtheZoo.

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993 ��

Why Penn’s Way? Because Children Are at Risk IhavealwayslivedinthemiddleofbigcitiesandIcareabouttheirfutureandthefuturesofthe people who live in them—especially children at risk. For this reason I became a board member of Boys & Girls Clubs of Metropolitan Philadelphia, a not-for-profit organization which provides havensforinner-citychildreninsixcommunitiesinthecity. Herechildrenandteenagerscanbecomeinvolvedineducational,athleticandrecreationalactivitiesandattendsummercamp.Ihaveparticularlyenjoyedlinkinghighschoolersintheclubswhoareinterestedincareersinhealthcaretosummerjobs.Iappreciatetheenthusiasticcooperationof the Penn and Children’s Hospital staff and faculty who have provided summer work experience for Boys & Girls Club members in their offices and labs. Boys&GirlsClubs,aUnitedWayagency,isatrulypositiveplaceforkids. IhavefeltbetteraboutcharitablegivingatPennsinceourcampaignopeneduptoenableustotargettheagenciesinwhichwearepersonallyinterested.SonowIcangivetoBoys&GirlsClubsand Women’s Way—another agency that provides many valuable services to women and children in Philadelphia—conveniently through payroll deduction.

—Kristin Davidson, Assistant Dean for Administration, School of nursing

Summary Annual Report Retirement, Health and Other Benefits

Summary Annual Reports for the Retirement Plan for Faculty and Executive, Professional and Administrative Staff, TIAA/CREF Tax Deferred Annuity (Supplemental Retirement Annuities) Plan, Health Benefits Program for Eligible Employees of the University of Pennsylvania and the Dependent Care Expense Account for Plan Year ending December 31, 1992.

ThisisasummaryoftheannualreportsforthePlansnamedaboveoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaforthePlanYearbegin-ningJanuary�,�992andendingDecember3�,�992.ThesePlansaresponsoredbyTheTrusteesoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniawhose federal employer identification number is 23-1352685. The annual reports have been filed with the Internal Revenue Service asrequiredundertheEmployeeRetirementIncomeSecurityActof�974(ERISA). ItisalsorequiredunderthetermsoftheEmployeeRetirementIncomeSecurityActof�974thattheseSummaryAnnualReportsbefurnishedtoplanparticipants.Tofacilitatepublication,thereportsfortheplanyearendingDecember3�,�992havebeencombined.Consequentlyportionsofthissummarymayrefertoplansinwhichyouarenotcurrentlyparticipating.Ifyouareuncertainaboutyourparticipation, please consult your 1992 Benefits Statement mailed toyoulastMarchwithyourOpenEnrollmentPacketorcontacttheBenefits Office at (215) 898-7281.

Retirement Plan for Faculty and Executive,Professional and Administrative Staff FundscontributedtothePlanareallocatedtowardthepurchaseofindividual annuity contracts issued by Teachers’ Insurance Annuity AssociationofAmerica/CollegeRetirementEquitiesFund(TIAA/CREF) and individually owned fully funded custodial accountssponsoredbytheVanguardGroupofInvestmentCompaniesandtheCalvertGroup.ThetotalpremiumspaidfortheplanyearendingDecember3�,�992forTIAA/CREFwere$24,369,696.77.*

Supplemental Retirement Annuities:Basic Financial Statement FundscontributedtothePlanareallocatedtowardthepurchaseof individual annuity contracts issued by Teachers’ Insurance An-nuityAssociationofAmerica/CollegeRetirementEquitiesFund(TIAA/CREF).ThetotalpremiumspaidfortheplanyearendingDecember3�,�992were$�,865,��7.00*.

Health Benefits Program: Insurance Information ThePlanhascontractswithIndependenceBlueCross/Pennsyl-vania Blue Shield and with five health maintenance organizations (HMOs)oftheDelawareValleytopayallhealthinsuranceclaimscoveredunderthetermsofthePlan.ThetotalpremiumspaidfortheplanyearendingDecember3�,�992were$26,073,853.8�. BecausetheIndependenceBlueCross/PennsylvaniaBlueShieldcontractsareso-called“experiencerated”contracts,asopposedtotheHMOcontractswhich are “community rated” contracts, theIndependenceBlueCross/PennsylvaniaBlueShieldpremiumcosts

Correction:IntheOctober�2Almanacarticle on In-Home child care Options for Faculty and Staff, it was indicatedthatlong-termlive-inandlive-outnanniesareavailablethroughAnySituation,Inc.However,live-innanniesarenotavailable,accordingtotheFamilyResourceCenter,whichregretstheerror.Long-Termlive-outnanniesforchildrenandlong-termcom-panionsforAdultDependentsareavailableinadditiontotheMerryPop-inNanniesandCompanionsforshort-termcare.

areaffecteddirectlybythenumberandsizeofclaimstheUniversityparticipants“experience.”Ofthetotal$26,073,853.8�premiumspaid,atotalof$�6,940,425**werepaidunderIndependenceBlueCross/PennsylvaniaBlueShield“experiencerated”contractsandatotal of $19,459,607 benefit claims were charged by Independence BlueCross/PennsylvaniaBlueShieldunderthese“experiencerated”contractsfortheplanyearendingDecember3�,�992.

Dependent Care Expense Account TheTrusteesoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniamaintainaprogramprovidingreimbursementofdependentcareexpensesfundedthroughsalaryreductionagreementsforfull-timeandpart-timefacultyandstaff. The University provides these benefits in accordance with the termsofthePlan.

Your Rights to Additional Information Youhavetherighttoreceiveacopyofthefullannualreports,oranypartthereof,onrequest.Insuranceinformationisincludedinthosereports.Toobtainacopyofafullannualreport,oranypart thereof, write or call the office of the Vice President of Human Resources,Room538A,340�WalnutStreet,Philadelphia,Penn-sylvania�9�04,(2�5)898-�33�,whoisthePlanAdministrator.Thecharge for the full annual report for the Health Benefits Program willbe$�.50;thechargeforeachotherfullannualreportwillbe$2.00;thechargeforasinglepagewillbe25cents. Youalsohavethelegallyprotectedrighttoexaminetheannualreports at the University of Pennsylvania, Benefits Office, Room 527A,340�WalnutStreet,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania�9�04. YoualsohavetherighttoexaminetheannualreportsattheU.S.DepartmentofLaborinWashington,D.C.ortoobtaincopiesfromtheU.S.DepartmentofLaboruponpaymentofcopyingcosts.RequeststotheDepartmentshouldbeaddressedtoPublicDisclosureRoom,N4677, Pension and Welfare Benefit Programs, Department of Labor, 200ConstitutionAvenue,N.W.,Washington,D.C.202�6.

—Office of Human Resources/Benefits

* This figure does not include payments to the Vanguard Group andtheCalvertGroup.PaymentstotheVanguardGroupwere$�3,652,087ofwhich$7,326,009comprisedinstitutionalcon-tributions.Payments to theCalvertGroup were$90�,827ofwhich$505,896comprisedinstitutionalcontributions.

** This figure represents actual payments made in 1992. It includes �99�premiumspaidin�992andexcludes�992premiumspaidin�993.


Following is a reprint of the guidelines for submission of applications to the University of Pennsylvania Research Foundation,published semi-annually by the Vice Provost for Research. An error in the September 21 publication of these guidelines,under Type B, Section I, item 9, is corrected in this reprint.

Statement of Purpose TheResearchFoundationencour-ages the exploration of new fields across abroadspectrumofdisciplines.Indoingso,theFoundationexpandsopportuni-tiesforfacultytoattractsupportandresourcesfromexternalsourceswhileencouraging work in fields that are traditionallyunder-funded. TheFoundationsupportstwolev-els of grants. The first level, Type A grants,providessupportintherangeof$500to$5000.Thesecondlevel,Type B grants, provides support inthe rangeof$5000 to$50,000.ThestandardapplicationforaTypeAgrantisbrieferthanthatforaTypeBgrant,reflecting respective funding levels. However,thereviewcriteriaforTypeAandTypeBgrantsaresimilar,andseveralgeneralfactorsareconsideredinevaluatinganapplicationforeithertypeofgrant.Theyare:

— Its contribution to the develop-ment of the applicant’s research potentialandprogress.

— The quality, importance and impactoftheproposedresearchproject.

— Its potential value for enhancing thestatureoftheUniversity.

— Its budget appropriateness in terms of the project proposed,includingconsiderationofneedandavailabilityofexternalsup-port.

The Application Process The Research Foundation BoardwillreviewbothTypeAandTypeBap-plicationsinthefallandspringofeachacademicyear.Applicationsforthefallcyclearedueonorbeforenovember 1ofeachyear,whilespringcycleap-plicationsaredueonorbefore march 15ofeachyear.Allresearchprojectsinvolvinghumansubjectsoranimalsmust receive InstitutionalBoardap-proval prior to funding. Questionsconcerning human/animal researchshouldbedirectedtoRuthClarkatExt.8-26�4.Allresearchprojectsinvolvingtheuseofhazardousorbiohazardousmaterialsmustreceiveapprovalfromthe Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS)prior to initiationofexperimentation.QuestionsaboutthisapprovalprocessshouldbedirectedtoHarrietIzenbergatExt.8-4453. An original and ten copiesofbothTypeAandTypeBproposalsshouldbe submitted to the Office of the Vice Provost for Research, 2�7 CollegeHall/638�.

• Please see also the Foundation’s Spring cycle Awards, pp. 13-14.

The Research Foundation: November 1 DeadlineType A proposals should contain a brief description of the research and the specific needs which the grantwillcover.Theproposalshouldinclude: I.Coverpage(s) �. Name,Title,Department,School,CampusMailingAddress,Signaturesof DepartmentChairpersonandDean. 2. Titleofproposal. 3. Doestheprojectutilizehumansubjectsoranimals? 4. Doestheprojectinvolvetheuseofanyofthefollowing: • potentially infectious agents including human blood, blood products, body fluids or tissues? •invitroformationofrecombinantDNA? •hazardouschemicals(acutelytoxicchemicals,reproductivehazards,carcinogens)? 5. Amountrequested. 6. �00-wordabstractofneed. 7. 100-word description of the significance of the project for the educated non-specialist. 8. Amountofcurrentresearchsupport. 9. Otherpendingproposalsforthesameproject. �0. Listofresearchsupportreceivedduringthepastthreeyears.IncludefundsfromUniversitysources suchasschools,department,BRSG,orResearchFoundation.IfyouwerefundedbytheResearch Foundationinthelastthreeyears,pleasesubmitabriefprogressreportwithpublicationsandgrants proposedorreceived(nomorethanonepage). ��.Aone-pagebiographicalsketchoftheinvestigator(s)listingeducationalbackground, academic positions held, and five recent publications.II.Aback-upofthe�00-wordabstractintheformofa3-or4-pagemini-proposal.III.A budget list that justifies the specific items requested and assigns a priority to each item.Budgetsshouldnotexceedatwo-yearmaximumtimeperiod. CategoriesofResearchFoundationsupportforTypeAproposalswillfocuson: — Seed money for the initiation of new research. — Limited equipment requests directly related to research needs. — Summer Research Fellowships, with preference for applications from Assistant Professors. — Travel expenses for research only. — Publication preparation costs.

Type B proposalsarelimitedtotensingle-spacedpagesinlength.ThefollowingformatissuggestedforTypeBproposals: I.CoverPage(s) �.Name,Title,Department,School,CampusMailingAddress,Signaturesof DepartmentChairpersonandDean. 2.Titleofproposal. 3.Doestheprojectutilizehumansubjectsoranimals? 4. Doestheprojectinvolvetheuseofanyofthefollowing: • potentially infectious agents including human blood, blood products, body fluids or tissues? •invitroformationofrecombinantDNA? •hazardouschemicals(acutelytoxicchemicals,reproductivehazards,carcinogens)? 5. Amountrequested. 6.�00-wordabstractofneed. 7. Amountofcurrentresearchsupport. 8. Otherpendingproposalsforthesameproject. 9. Listingofpublicationsandresearchsupport,includingtitles,amounts,andgrantperiods,received during the past five years. Include funds from University sources such as schools, department, BRSG, orResearchFoundation.IfyouwerefundedbytheResearchFoundationinthelastthreeyears,please submitabriefprogressreportwithpublicationsandgrantsproposedorreceived(nomorethanonepage). �0. Abriefcurriculumvitaefortheprincipalinvestigator.II.Introduction(2to3pages) Statement of the objectives and scholarly or scientific significance of the proposed work.III.MethodsofProcedure(3to4pages) Descriptionoftheresearchplanandmethodologiestobeemployed. IV. Description of the significance and impact of the project.V.DescriptionofhowaResearchFoundationgrantwillfacilitateacquisitionoffutureresearchfunds.VI.Budget(onepage)two-yearmaximum Eachbudgetitemshouldbelistedinorderofpriority. CategoriesofResearchFoundationsupportforTypeBproposalsfocusonseveral areasofneed.Theseare: — Matching funds, vis-a-vis external grant sources. — Seed money for exploratory research programs. — Support for interdisciplinary research initiatives. — Faculty released time.RequestsforstudenttuitionanddissertationfeeswillnotbeconsideredbytheFoundation.

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993 �3

Research Foundation Awards—Spring Cycle 1993 WilliamArmstead,Anesthesia&Pharmacol-ogy/Med,cellular Aspects of Opioid-Induced Influences on Cerebral Hemodynamics. DavidAschandNicholasChristakis,Medi-cine,What Determines Response Rates to medi-cal mail Surveys? TimothyBaker,SocialWork,memories and Behaviors of Traumatized children. FredericG.Barr,Pathology&LaboratoryMedicine/Med, Sequence-Based Assays for Translocation Detection in Alveolar Rhabdo-myosarcoma. DavidS.Bates,Finance,Wharton,Jumps and Stochastic Volatility: Exchange Rate Processes Implicit in PHlX Foreign currency Options. JeanBennett,Opthalmology/Med,Develop-ment of a System to Target Genes to Differentiated Retinal Photoreceptors. PhilipG.Berger,Accounting,Wharton,Effects of Corporate Diversification on Firm Value. MarkS.Berger,InternalMedicine,Analysis of the Functional Importance of the Second Exon of c10, a member of the B-chemokine Family of cytokines. Daniel K. Bogen, Bioengineering, SEAS,Instrumentation System for new Research Initia-tive in neurorehabilitation Engineering. David Brunswick, Psychiatry/Med, corti-costerone and AcTH Sample collection by In Vivo Ultrafiltration. ElizabethA.Bucher,Cell&DevelopmentalBiology/Med,mechanisms of muscle lineage Regulation and Function in c. Elgans. EugeneBuckley,Linguistics,SAS,Fieldwork on the Phonology of Kashaya, Tigrinya, and Zuni. RebeccaBushnell,English,SAS,The Subject of Humanism in Early modern Britain. Brenda B. Casper, Biology, SAS, Plant Responses to Soil Resource Heterogeneity. MortimerM.Civan,Physiology/Med,Role of Protein Kinase c in Regulating Sodium chan-nels. ChristosCoutifaris,Ob-Gyn,Osteopontin as a Regulator of Human Trophoblast Function. SimonCutting,Microbiology/Med,Identifying the Function of an Unusually Small Developmental Protein in the Procaryote Bacillus Subtilis. GabrieldelaHaba,Cell&DevelopmentalBiology/Med,The Possible contribution of col-lagen to the Failure of the mammalian Spinal cord neurons to Regenerate. Patricia M. Dechow and Andrew Heyer,Accounting,Wharton,The Impact of Financial Reporting Policy on Firm Value. JohnDetre,Neurology/Med,magnetic Reso-nance Studies of Focal Forebrain Ischemia. JosephDiRienzo,Microbiology/Dent, Use of Subtractive Hybridization and Difference cloning to Identify Putative “Virulence Genes” in the Periodontopathic Bacteria. RobertW.Doms,Pathology&LaboratoryMedicine/Med,neutralizing Antibodies Against Oligomer Specific Epitopes in the HIV-1 Enve-lope Glycoprotein. KarenL.Donohue,DecisionScience,Wharton,Designing capable manufacturing Systems. RichardL.Doty,Otorhinolaryngology/Med,Structure of Olfactory Epithelium in Alzheimer’s Disease and Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease. Paul Ducheyne and Solomon R. Pollack,Bioengineering,SEAS;DawnBonnell,MaterialsScience&Engineering,SEAS;JohnCuckler,OrthopaedicSurgery/Med;andIrvingShapiro,Biochemistry/Dent,Porous Glass Templates for

In Vitro Synthesis of Bone Tissue. JamesF.English,English,SAS,competitive culture: Prizes, Awards, and the circulation of cultural Value. Constantine Gonatas and Arjun G. Yodh,Physics,SAS,3-D Visualization of Foams by magnetic Resonance Imaging. MiguelGouveia,Economics,SAS,Voting Over the Public Provision of Health care: A cross-country Empirical Analysis. Gregory M. Guild, Biology, SAS, Tran-scription Factor Isoforms Required for Insect metamorphosis. ChristopherHanes,Economics,SAS,con-struction of Annual Output Indices and Business cycle Dates for the Antebellum United States. JosephW.Harder,Management,Wharton,To the Survivors Go the Spoils: Distributive Justice in Downsizings. IanHarker,Geology,SAS,Expedition to col-lect Soil creep Data from mt. Rainier national Park. Mark Haskins, Pathobiology/Vet, Gene Therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis. CynthiaHuffman,Marketing,Wharton,The Use of consumer Experiential Knowledge in Goal Specification Under Conditions of Low Product Expertise and Preference Uncertainty. Larry W. Hunter, Management, Wharton,Who Progresses in a Pay-for Knowledge Sys-tem? Sabine Iatridou, Linguistics, SAS, cross-linguistic Investigation of the Syntax of count-erfactual conditionals. ChristopherD.Ittner,Accounting,Wharton,Product Options, Variability, and manufacturing Performance. Madeleine M. Joullie, Chemistry, SAS,cyclodextrin mimics of Heparin. KevinD.Judy,Surgery/Med,Evaluation of local Therapy With TGF-A-PE in the Treatment of Primitive neuroectodermal Brain Tumors. Frederick S. Kaplan, Orthopedic Surgery,Med, Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: molecular Genetics of Ectopic Endochondral Osteogenesis. MichaelB.Katz,History,SAS,Public/Pri-vate Relations and the Welfare State: Germany, England, and the United States from the 1870s to the 1930s. WebbKeane,Anthropology,SAS,Represen-tational Practice in Eastern Indonesia. PatrickJ.Kehoe,Economics,SAS,models of Transition in Economies Undertaking large Scale Reforms: An Application to Eastern Europe. AlanKelly,Pathobiology/Vet,novel Vector/Transgenic Mouse System for Efficient Transfer of c-Ski cDnA into Developing and mature muscle. RobertJ.Ketchum,Surgery/Med,Prevention of Autoimmune Diabetes in BB/Wor Rats by In-trathymic Transplantation of Isolated Syngeneic and Allogeneic Perinatal Islets. JonathanKorostoff,Microbiology/Dent,An Analysis of the Role of Humoral Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Human Periodontal Disease. AnthonyKroch,Linguistics,SAS,Syntactic Database of Early English. DeanA.Kujubu,Medicine,Pathogenesis of minimal change Disease. KennethLande,Astronomy,SAS,Develop-ment of an Iodine Solar neutrino Detector. Yin Liang, Biochemistry & Biophysics,Med,Kinetic Analysis of Recombinant Human Glucokinase.

Paul A. Liebman and Yefim Manevich, Neu-roscience/Med,Spectrofluorometer for Analysis of G-Protein Structure, Dynamics and Interac-tion in Signal Transduction. Mark Low, Statistics,Wharton, Statistical comparison of model Selection criteria IanS.Lustick,PoliticalScience,SAS,His-tory, Historiography, and Political Science. Margaret M. Mahon, Nursing, Children’s Experiences Following the Death of a Sibling. TracyK.McIntosh,Surgery/Med,molecular Sequelae of Experimental Brain Injury: Rela-tionship to neurodegenerative Pathology of Alzheimer’s Disease. MargaretA.Mills,Folklore&Folklife,SAS,Encyclopedia of South Asian Folklore Publica-tion Preparation (Ongoing). YiorgosMylonadis,Management,Wharton,The “Green” challenge to the Industrial En-terprise mindset: Survival Threat or Strategic Opportunity? VivianneT.Nachmias,Cell&DevelopmentalBiology/Med, Regulation of Thymosin Beta Four TB4 in PC12 Cells in Relation to Neurite Extension. JackH.Nagel,PoliticalScience,SAS,The Rise, Decline, and Repudiation of Majoritarian Democ-racy: A Dialogue Between Democratic Theory and the Political History of new Zealand. PhilipM.Nichols,LegalStudies,Wharton,Reconciling Conflicts Between Free Trade and Sanctions for lax Environmental Standards. AnaLiaObaid,Neuroscience/Med,mam-malian “Simple” nervous System: multiple-Site Optical Recording of Electrical Activity in the Submucous Plexus of the Guinea-Pig Ileum. MarkV.PaulyandJamesP.Highland,HealthCareSystems,Wharton,The Impact of Regulated Government Prices on Hospital Private Sector Pricing Trevor M. Penning, Pharmacology/Med,Site-Directed mutagenesis of 3a-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase. Bob Perelman, English, SAS, language Writing and literary History. Hermann W. Pfefferkorn, Geology, SAS,microscope-Based morphometric System for Paleoclimatological Studies ScottPoethig,Biology,SAS,The Genetic Regulation of Shoot maturation in Arbidopsis Thaliana. DavidP.Pope,MaterialsScience&Engineer-ing,SEAS,Upgrade to Existing Optical Imaging Floating Zone crystal Grower. HelenQuill,PathologyandLaboratoryMedi-cine/Med,A novel molecular Approach to the Analysis of Intracellular Signalling Pathways in cD4+ T lymphocytes. Jean-Michel Rabate, English, SAS, After Roland Barthes: An International conference (lauder-Hall. 15-17 April 1994). Jagmohan S. Raju, Marketing, Wharton,market Information as a Determinant of Price leadership. Matthew Richardson, Finance, Wharton,Industry Returns and the Fisher Effect. DavidM.Roof,Physiology/Med,Function and Regulation of a Putative microtubule motor Protein in Yeast Mitosis. PaulRosenbaum,Statistics,Wharton,Statisti-cal Inference in Observational Studies. Paul Rothenberg, Pathology & LaboratoryMedicine/Med,molecular cloning of a novel cel-lular Substrate of the Insulin Receptor Kinase. Jaewoo Ryoo, Economics, SAS, Ability,


The following is excerpted from a lettersent for publication by lyn Hutchings,Travel Administrator at Penn.

Charge Against Hunger Onein every eight American children under age 12 suffers from hunger.Asstartlingasthatfactis,didyouknowthatmorethan30millionAmericansexperiencesomedegreeofhungereachweek?Infact,onaverage,2�%ofrequestsforemergencyfoodassistanceintheU.S.wentunmetin�992. charge Against HungerisanAmericanEx-pressinitiativetoraiseupto$5millionforhungerrelief.Youcanbeapartofthiseffort.EverytimeaCardmemberusestheAmericanExpress®Cor-porateCardtomakeapurchasebetweenOctober5andDecember3�,�993,AmericanExpresswilldonatetwocentstoShareOurStrength(SOS)*,one of the nation’s largest non-profit sources of fundsforhungerrelief. FoundedbyBillShorein�984,SOSdrawsuponthetalentsofmorethan5,000chefs,restau-rateurs,writers,artists,andothercreativeprofes-sionalstoraiseanddistributefundsforhungerreliefthroughouttheworld.Sinceitsinception,SOShasraisedalmost$��millionfordistributiontomorethan300hungerreliefandcommunitydevelopmentorganizationsintheU.S.,Canada,anddevelopingcountries.

—Roger Ballou,President, Travel Service Group,

USA, American Express* AmericanExpresswillguaranteeaminimum

donationtoShareOurStrengthof$�,000,000andwilldonateuptoanadditional$4,000,000basedonCardpurchasesat2¢/Cardpurchase.DonationisnottaxdeductibleforCardmembers.

An Evening with Elie Wiesel: October 25 Allfaculty,staffandstudentsoftheUniversityareinvitedtotwoeventsOctober25welcomingtheNobellaureateElieWieselforalecture.

• A reception, 6 to 7 p.m. in Bodek Lounge of Houston Hall, is sponsored by the Office of University LifeonbehalfoftheUniversity.

• Professor Wiesel’s lecture, at 7:30 p.m. in Irvine Auditorium, is under the auspices of the Steinhardt JewishHeritageProgram.

AsurvivorofAuschwitzwhosememoir,la nuit,hasbeentranslatedinto�8languages,ElieWieselisnowtheAndrewW.MellonProfessorintheHumanitiesatBostonUniversity,wherehealsoholdsthetitleofUniversityProfessor.Forhiswritingandworldwidehumanitarianefforts,ProfessorWieselreceived the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986. He was also awarded this country’s Presidential Medal of Freedom,CongressionalGoldMedalandMedalofLiberty,andinFrancewasgiventherankofGrandOfficer in the Legion of Honor. After receiving the Nobel Prize, he created the Elie Wiesel Foundation forHumanityasaforumforthediscussionofurgentethicalissuesconfrontinghumanity.

Charles A. Stanley, Pediatrics/Med, andRichardSpielman,Genetics/Med,Genetic Basis of congenital Hyperinsulinism. NancyShatzmanSteinhardt,Asian&MiddleEasternStudies,SAS,chinese monastery Ar-chitecture. PeterSterling,Neuroscience/Med,molecular Basis for Human Visual Acuity. SaulSternberg,Psychology,SAS,Dissociations in Human Time Perception and Production. RobertA.Stine,Statistics,Wharton,Frame-work for Symbolic computing in Statistics. AnnL.Strong,City&RegionalPlanning,GSFA,Privatization of land and Housing in czechoslovakia, Poland and Bulgaria. AlbertJ.Stunkard,Psychiatry/Med, Prospec-tive Study of Adiposity in Infants.

Naren Udayagiri, Management,Wharton,cross-Product Spillovers and Firm Differences in learning-by-Doing. JayWallace,Philosophy,SAS,Responsibility and the moral Sentiments. EricS.Weinberg,Biology,SAS,The Regula-tion of the Zebrafish MyoD Gene and its Role in myogenesis. Saul Winegrad, Physiology/Med, Regula-tion of the contractility of the Heart by Factors Derived From Endothelial cells. Xiaoping Yun, Computer & InformationScience,SEAS,Experimental Study of mobile manipulators. PingZhang,Statistics,Wharton,A Study of Optimal Ais Algorithms.

labor Specialization, and Firm Size. Jorge Salessi, Romance Languages, SAS,Immigration and nationalism. JeanM.Sanger,Cell&DevelopmentalBiol-ogy/Med,Myofibrillogenesis. StevenS.Scherer,Neurology/Med,Trophic Factors for motor neurons. NancyM.Shawcross,UniversityLibraries,Farrell Project. RichardShell,LegalStudies,Wharton,com-puter-Assisted negotiation: An Empirical Test. EileenM.Shore,OrthopaedicSurgery/Med,Isolation and characterization of Bone morpho-genetic Protein Genes.

Research Foundation Awardsfrom page 13

Latino Festival: October 25-29 Sigma Lambda Upsilon and Señoritas LatinaUnidas sponsor the following events during thethirdannualLatinoAwarenessWeekinOctober: 25: Flan/cake Sale, LocustWalk; The latino Experience at Penn,7:30p.m.,Rooftop,HarrisonHouse. 26:Voices of Our culture;ProseandPoetryRead-ing;8p.m.;�6thFloorLounge,HarrisonHouse. 27:Address by OfeliaGarcia,RosemontCol-legePresident;8p.m.;Smith-Penniman,HoustonHall. 28:mambo mouth: A Savage comedy;7p.m.;TVLounge,ModernLanguagesCollegeHouse. 29:la Fiesta Del Año;Salsa/MerengueParty;�0p.m.-2a.m.;BodekLounge,HoustonHall.

Ph.D. Support in Germany Fellowshipsfordissertationresearchorcourse-workattheFreieUniversitätBerlin(F.U.Berlin)areavailablefortheacademicyear,October�994toJuly�995forPh.D.candidatesinSAS.Applicantsmust be proficient in German since all instruction is in German and their field of study must be available atF.U.Berlin.Forthesecondyear,theF.U.BerlinfellowshipswillprovideDM�2,800(approximately$8,000) for ten months’ support to cover housing, meals,healthinsurance,feesandbooks.Formoreinformation, contact either the home departmentchair,graduatechair,orDr.JoyceRandolph,Direc-tor, Office of International Programs, 133 Bennett Hall/6275,Ext.8-4665.TheapplicationsdeadlineisFebruary 1, 1994.

Memorial Service: Dr. Trist TheCenterforAppliedResearchinvitesfriendsandcolleaguesofDr.EricTristtoamemorialservice at 4 p.m. on November 12 in rooms 1 and 2 on the third floor of the Faculty Club. Dr. Trist,emeritusprofessoroforganizationalbehaviorandsocialecologyattheWhartonSchool,diedonJune4attheageof83(seeAlmanacJuly�3).AshortvideoofDr.Tristwillbeshownattheservice.Hiswife,Beulah,anddaughter,Carolyn,willattend.

Bloodborne Pathogen Training TheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdmin-istration(OSHA)requiresmandatorytrainingforallUniversityemployeeswhoworkwithhumanblood, blood products, body fluids, and human tissuespecimens. The Office of Environmental Health and Safety(OEHS)willofferBloodbornePathogensTrainingforallnewandpreviouslyuntrainedworkersonOctober25from�:30to2:30p.m.inClassof�962room,JohnMorganBuilding. This program will review OSHA’s regula-tion “Occupational Exposure to BloodbornePathogens” as well as Penn’s biosafety program. InformationaboutfreeHepatitisBvaccinationforallat-riskemployeeswillalsobeprovided.At-tendeesarerequestedtobringtheirPennIDcardstofacilitatecourseregistration.CallBarbaraMoranatOEHS,Ext.8-4453,withanyquestions.

Annual Biosafety and Chemical Safety Refresher Training The Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS) is mandated by the Occupational Safety andHealthAdministration(OSHA)toconductannualsafetytrainingforallpersonnelwhoworkinlaboratories. Refresher training will cover the University’s Biosafety and Chemical Safety Programs. Attendance at a one-hour session will be mandatory for all personnel who work in laboratories.Thedates,times,andlocationsforthesessionsarelistedbelow.LaboratorypersonnelmusthaveattendedeithertheinitialBloodbornePathogensTrainingand/orChemicalHygieneTraining,beforeattendingtherefreshertraining.InitialBloodbornePathogensTrainingandChemicalHygieneTrainingwillcontinuetobeheldonamonthlybasis,fornewandpreviouslyuntrainedlaboratorypersonnel.Wednesday,October20 �0:30-��:30a.m. Classof�962 JohnMorganBldg. 3:30-4:30p.m. LectureRoomB JohnMorganBldg.Thursday,October2� �:30-2:30p.m. Classof�962Friday,October22 �0:30-��:30a.m. Classof�962 3:30-4:30p.m. LectureRoomBTuesday,October26 �0:30-��:30a.m. LectureRoomB 3:30-4:30p.m. LectureRoomBAttendeesarerequestedtobringtheirPennIDcardstofacilitateregistration.Additionalsessionswillbescheduledthroughouttheacademicyear,forthoseunableattendthesessionsabove.ContactBarbaraMoranatOEHS,Ext.8-4453,withanyquestions.

AlmAnAc October 19, 1993 �5

About the Crime Report: ThereportfortheCityofPhiladelphia’s18thDistrictdidnotarrivethisweekintimeforpublication.BelowarealltheCrimesAgainstPersonsandCrimesAgainstSocietylistedinthecampusreportfortheperiodOctober11through17,1993.Alsoreportedduringthisperiodwere28thefts(includingoneofauto,eightofbikes,sixfromauto,andtwoburglaries)andsixinstancesofcriminalmischief/vandal-ism.ThefullreportcanbefoundinAlmanaconPennInfo.—Ed.

Deadlines: For the December at Penn pulloutcalender, the deadline is noon november 9. FortheweeklyUpdate,thedeadlineisMondayforthefollowing week’s issue.Almanac on PennInfo:Toaccess this issueorothersdatingback toJanuary�993,openAbout the University from the main menu, then opencampus Publications.

3601LocustWalkPhiladelphia,PA19104-6224(215)898-5274or5275 FAX898-9137

[email protected]

TheUniversityofPennsylvania’sjournalofrecord,opinionandnewsispublishedTuesdaysduringtheacademicyear,andasneededduringsummerandholidaybreaks.Guidelinesforreadersandcontributorsareavailableonrequest.EDITOR KarenC.GainesASSOCIATEEDITOR MargueriteF.MillerEDITORIALASSISTANT MarySchollSTUDENTAIDES ShariL.Bart,MelanieL.Chang, SumaCM,JahmaeHarris, StephenJ.Sanford, TimothyD.ValukALMANACADVISORYBOARD:FortheFacultySenate,RogerH.Walmsley(Chair),PhoebeS.Leboy,BarbaraJ.Lowery,AnnE.Mayer,GeraldJ.Porter,PaulF.Watson;fortheAdministration,StephenSteinberg; for theStaffAssemblies,A-1 tobenamed,DianeWatersfortheA-3Assembly;MarkColvsonforLibrariansAssembly.

UpdateOCTOBERATPENN

CONFERENCE22 The Politics of the Body in Italian literature and culture;�-5:30p.m.;GatesRoom,VanPeltLibrary; reception, 5:30-7 p.m., 405 Lauder-FischerHall(CenterforItalianStudies,RomanceLanguages).Continues October 23.

FILMS21 Rebel Without A cause; Nicholas Ray,director;7&9:30p.m.;B-6StitelerHall;$3,$2/PennIDholders(PennFilmSociety).22 El mariachi;RobertRodriquez,director;7&9:30p.m.;B-6StitelerHall;$3,$2/PennIDholders(FilmSociety).

FITNESS/LEARNING21 Ki-Aikido martial Art Seminar; KoichiKashiwaya,6thdegreeblackbelt,Seattle;6p.m.;HutchinsonGym(PennKi-AikidoClub).

MEETINGS21 WXPn Policy Board meeting;noon-�:30p.m.;Room200,HoustonHall.26 Women’s Club Newcomers Meeting;cakeandcoffee,�0:30a.m.;campustour,��a.m.;first floor lounge, Faculty Club.

MUSIC24 The Gregorian Heritage: Medieval,Renais-sanceand20thcenturychoralworks,performedby the Delaware Valley’s newest professional chorus; St. Mary’s Church, 4 p.m., Admission: $�2,$8,students,seniorcitizens,call525-6497fortickets(VocesNovaeetAntiquae).

SPECIAL EVENTS23 Pre-Game (Penn v. Brown) Brunch;�0:30a.m.-�p.m.;FacultyClub;$��plus�8%servicecharge;reservations:Ext.8-46�8.24 International Tree Tour;honoringUnitedNations Day; 2 p.m.; MorrisArboretum; $3,$�.50/seniors,childrenunder�2,free/members,childrenundersix;Info:247-5777.25 Open House: Newly-renovated OB/GYN and Family Planning clinics; noon-2 p.m.; first floor, Gates Building.

TALKS22 Rational Approach to Antimicrobial Ther-apy;NeilFishman,infectiousdiseases;8a.m.;AlumniHall,MaloneyBuilding(Medicine).25 The Drive to Sleep and the need to Wake: neurobehavioral consequences; DavidDinges,psychology;4p.m.;B-26StitelerHall(Psychology).26 characterization and Disruption of mu-rine Endothelial Adhesion molecules;MarkA.Labow,Hoffman-LaRoche,Inc.;��a.m.;Gross-manAuditorium,WistarInstitute(Wistar). Old Houses made new: The Greening of West Philadelphia;WilliamZucker,creativemanage-mentandHanleyBodek,DynamicsofOrganiza-tion; 1 p.m.; Faculty Club (Women’s Club). The View From Japan;AmassadorHiromotoSeki,ConsulGeneralofJapaninNewYork;4-5p.m.;ForeignPolicyResearchPolicyLibrary,36�5Chestnut;Reservations:382-0685(FPRI). Ayurveda: The Traditional medicine of India and Southeast Asia;NarayanPatel,UniversityofDelawareandInternationalHealthProducts,Inc.;7p.m.;A-8,RittenhouseLaboratory(SouthAsia,BiomedicalResearchand JohnMorganPre-HealthSocietiesandSARS).28 GeneratingSymbolicHeat:ExperiencesofanAnthropologistinSriLankaandSouthIndia;Dennis McGilvray; University of Colorado,photographerandcuratorofUniversityMuseumexhibit;6p.m.,RaineyAuditorium;reception,7p.m.,MosaicGallery,Musuem.RSVPExt.8-4890(MuseumandSouthAsiaRegionalStudies).

The University Of Pennsylvania Police DepartmentCommunity Crime Report

ThissummaryispreparedbytheDivisionofPublicSafetyandincludesallcriminalincidentsreportedandmadeknowntotheUniversityPoliceDepartmentbetweenthedatesofOctober11andOctober17,1993.TheUniversityPoliceactivelypatrolfromMarketStreettoBaltimoreAvenue,andfromtheSchuylkillRiverto43rdStreetinconjunctionwiththePhiladelphiaPolice.Inthisefforttoprovideyouwithathoroughandaccuratereportonpublicsafetyconcerns.Wehopethatyourincreasedawarenesswilllessentheopportunityforcrime.Foranyconcernsorsuggestionsregardingthisreport,pleasecalltheDivisionofPublicSafetyatExt.8-4482.

Crimes Against Persons34th To 38th / Market To Civic Center:Robberies(&Attempts)—1,SimpleAsaults—1, Threats&Harassment—810/11/93 9:59AM McKeanDorm Unwantedphonecallsreceived10/11/93 3:04PM 38th&Sansom Complainantrobbedbymalew/knife10/11/93 1:09PM PhiKappaSigma Residentreceivedunwantedcalls10/12/93 3:09PM NicholsHouse Deskreceptionistreceivedharassingcalls10/12/93 4:24PM NicholsHouse Receptionistreceivedunwantedcalls10/13/93 6:16PM NicholsHouse Racial/threateningphonecallsreceived10/13/93 6:41PM NicholsHouse Racial/threateningphonecallsreceived10/14/93 3:44PM QuadOffice Unwantedphonecallsreceived10/15/93 5:16PM 3600BlockWalnut Disputebetweenvendors10/16/93 2:57PM 200Block38th Autowithloudoffensiveaudiotape38th To 41st / Market To Baltimore:Robberies(&Attempts)—2,AggravatedAssaults—1, Threats&Harassment—2010/11/93 7:42PM VanPeltHouse Unwantedphonecallsreceived10/12/93 1:03AM VanPeltHouse Racial/threateningphonecallsreceive10/12/93 10:48AM 251S.41stSt. ComplainantrobbedofU.S.currency10/12/93 3:08PM LowRiseNorth Deskreceptionistreceivedunwantedcalls10/12/93 3:08PM LowRiseNorth Deskreceptionistreceivedunwantedcalls10/12/93 3:09PM LowRiseNorth Deskreceptionistreceivedunwantedcalls10/12/93 3:24PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwatnedphonecalls10/12/93 5:01PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/12/93 5:01PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/12/93 5:09PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/15/93 4:10PM LowRiseNorth Racial/threateningphonecallsreceived10/11/93 1:00AM LowRiseNorth Racial/threatendingphonecallsreceived10/12/93 5:26PM LowRiseNorth ResidentreceivingunwantedphoneCalls10/12/93 6:54PM LowRiseNorth Racial/threateningphonecallsreceived10/12/93 8:02PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/12/93 10:02PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/15/93 4:10PM LowRiseNorth Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/12/93 5:33PM 300Block40th Currency,jackettakenbyunknownmale10/12/93 6:22PM 4039LocustSt. Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls10/12/93 8:22PM VanPeltHouse ResidentReceivingUnwantedPhoneCalls10/12/93 8:29PM VanPeltHouse Deskreceptionistreceivedunwantedcalls10/14/93 3:34AM 4000BlockLocust Complainantsassaultedbymalesw/club10/17/93 12:58AM HarrisonHouse Residentreceivingunwantedphonecalls41st To 43rd / Market To Baltimore: Robberies(&Attempts)—410/11/93 6:39PM 43rd&Spruce Complainantrobbedofwalletbymale10/11/93 11:58PM 4100BlockLocust 2complainantsrobbedbytwomales10/16/93 9:56PM 4400BlockPine Complainantrobbedby2males/2arrests10/17/93 6:28PM 42nd&Locust Complainantrobbedby2malesOutside 30th - 43rd / Market - Baltimore:Robberies(&Attempts)—2,Threats&Harassment—110/13/93 8:38PM 4400OsageAve Complainantrobbedofwalletbymale10/14/93 6:35PM 3500Powelton Unwantedphonecallsreceived10/15/93 7:05PM 46th&Locust Complainantrobbedofwalletbymale

Crimes Against Society34th to 38th / Market to Civic Center:DisorderlyConduct—1.10/15/93 8:56AM 38th&Chestnut Malecauseddisturbance/wantedonwarrant/ arrested


benChmarks

in the interim, some Fundamental thoughts

Illustration:fromadrawingbyRudyDiFelice,courtesyoftheSchoolofSocialWork

of the person who holds the office. Therefore, it is inevitable that the way the roles of the president and provost evolve this year will reflect my and Marvin Lazerson’s vision of what works for us and will work bestforPennintheyearstocome. My own philosophy of administration, learned early in mypsychiatric nursing career, assumes that decisions and solutionsto problems should be made as close to the source as possible.Accountabilityandpowermustgowithresponsibility.Onlywhenthereisafailureatthelevelaccountableandclosestshouldanyoneintervene,andthatinterventioncannotgoonforverylong.Thisapproachwillinevitablyleadtochangesintherelativerolesoftheoffices of the president and provost. One result of this will be to strengthen the office of the provost. Since the provost is the “chief academic officer,” this should inevitably strengthen faculty and studentsaswell. ProvostLazersonsharesthisphilosophywithme,andIhopethatyou will see various changes which will reflect the view that respon-sibility and accountability go together. For example, the president’s office seems to have become the focal point for crises and decisions that,inmyview,belongelsewhere.

In line with this philosophy, I seek the faculty’s leadershiponmanyissues,andIwelcometheirparticipationandpartnershipindevelopingthemodelswewillneedtomakePenntheexemplarforAmericanhighereducation.Ihavealwaysexpectedfacultytogivemealltheadvicetheywerewillingtoshare;invitedanduninvited.ThefacultyalsohavespecialresponsibilitiesfortheacademiclifeoftheUniversityanditsschools.OurfocusneedstoremainonthefundamentaleducationalmissionoftheUniversity.Whenthatfocusisclearandcollegialrelationshipswork, our students can have no better rolemodelsthanourfaculty,asthestudentsmove

throughthecomplexities,strains,frustrations,anxieties,fears,andwehope,funofourcomplexanddiverseliving-learningenviron-ment.Wemustalwaysrememberthatforourstudents,thesupportof faculty for their primary agenda—learning—is crucial. Awellfunctioninguniversityislikeawellfunctioningfamily.Infunctionalfamilies,adultmembersdonotpulltheirchildrenintotheirdisputes.Inafunctionaluniversityfamilytherearelotsofop-portunitiesforstudents,facultyandstafftoengageincontroversyamongthemselvesandwitheachother.Thatispartandparcelofourcommitmentstofreedomofexpressionandtoincludingallmembersof our family—faculty, students and staff—in the discussions of “familymatters”thatwillaffecttheirlivesandeducationalattain-ments.Butweshouldnotletevensuchimportantfamilydisputesdistracteitherourselvesorourstudentsfromtheimportanttaskoftheirgettinganeducation. Theseareafewoftheideasthatguideme.ImaysoundlikeaPollyannatosomeandasermonizertoothers.However,theseprin-cipleshaveworkedformeandguidemybehavior.Nodoubtthereare others I haven’t thought to mention. But there is one more that I thinkisprobablyobvioustoanyonewhohasbeenwatchingmeandthecampusscenehereatPennsincelastJuly:Iamanactivist,andIbelieveintakinganactiveapproachtothesolutionofproblems.Idon’t sit back and hope they will go away. If I could meet with every memberofouruniversitycommunity,Iwould.Althoughmytenurein the president’s role will be brief, I am totally committed to the job and to Penn, and I have a lot of confidence that together we can move theUniversitytoreadinessforitsnextiterationintimeforagreatnewpresidencytotakeitfurther.

Ihavebeenthinkingalotlatelyaboutsomeofthebasicprin-ciples —distilled from a lifetime of experiences in and outside of academe —which have been shaping my vision of Penn and guiding many of my actions as Interim President. I’d like to share with you someofthesebasicideasearlyon,sothatyouwillhaveabetterunderstandingofthewayIamapproachingthepresidencyduringthisacademicyear.(IfIwaiteduntilIhadthisletterinperfectform,my“term”wouldbeclosetocompletion.SoIaskyourforbearanceforanyomissionsofimportantprinciplesaswellasforafarfromidealliterarystyle.) Ourcampusisavitalandvibrantenvironment,andapresident,interimornot,isengagedinavastvarietyofactivitieswhichcallforawiderepertoireofresponses.ManyofthesituationsinwhichIaminvolvedareacontinuationofmy lifeasdeanandfacultymember.Othersarenewtomyexperienceasanadministrator.Butthereareafewideasthatguidemeinallofthesesituations. Ihavewrittenandspokenaboutsomeofmybeliefs invarious“addresses”and“statements.”Someofwhatfollowswillalsosounda lot like the “Report of the President’s Committee on University Life” (Almanac October 16, 1990), since that report defines so well the ideal communitythatwewanttoachieveatPenn:apluralistic campus, “enriched by both its members’ differencesandtheirsimilarities,”devotedtothefreeandvigorousexchangeofideas. As Marvin Lazerson and I said in our“WelcomeBack” letter (AlmanacSeptember7, �993), the fundamental mission of theUniversityisthegenerationandtransmissionofknowledgethroughteaching,research,andservice.Therefore,acriticalquestioninmakingdecisions must always be:What choice bestfurthersourfundamentalmission? Freedomofideasisofpreeminentimportance.AllmembersoftheUniversitycommunityare,andmustfeelthattheyare,freetothink,believe,express,andpublishtheirviews,howevercontroversialthoseviewsmaybe.Wecanneveraffordtoallowanyoneview,anyoneperception,anyonedogma,tocometototallydominatetheUniversity.Wethriveonthecompetitionofideas,andthereforeourknowledgeshouldbeshared,expressed,tested,criticized,discussed,andused,inpublicorscholarlydebate,incommunityservice,andinprofessionalpractice. Wehavehadseveralverypublicdisputesrecentlyandcanexpecttohavequiteafewmoreincomingyears.Ibelievestronglythatthepreferredmodeforresolvingdisputes,fordebatingcontroversialissues,andforworkingoutourcommonlivestogetheristhroughdialogue,cooperation,civilityandmediation—at the level closest towherethosecontroversiesoccur.Ithinkmostofuswouldagreethatadultswhorespecteachothergenerallybehaveinthatway.Thatishoweachofustriestobehaveinourownhomes.ThatisthebestwaytoensurethatwecanworktogetherintheUniversitytofurtherourmutualeducation. EverymemberoftheUniversitycommunityhasarighttopartici-patefullyinthelifeofthecommunity.Discrimination,intimidation,rudeness,andtheabuseofpowerrelationshipsareincompatiblewiththisright.Inaneducatedcommunity,suchasPenn,Ibelieveourexpectationsforthebehaviorofeverymemberofourcommunityjustifiably may differ from those in the world around us. I also believe our solutions to problems need to set standards that reflect ourprivilegedstatus. Asadean,Itreasuredmyrelationshipswithfaculty.IthinkIhavebeenclearaboutmyexpectationsandalsoabouttherelativeresponsibilitiesandaccountabilityofmembersoftheadministrativestaffandfacultyin all of my previous positions. As I reflected on recent experiences at Penn, it struck me that the role and function of any administrative office is very much a reflection of the personal style and administrative goals

Documents

Death of Eliot Stellar, Provost of ‘One University’ · • Research Foundation & Awards, pp. 12-14 Bulletins, p. 14 • Crimes, Update, p. 15 • Benchmarks (Claire Fagin), p