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Dead Sea
The Dead Sea Hebrew, also called the Salt Sea, is a salt lake bordering Jordan to the east,
and Israel and the West Bank to the west. Its surface and shores are 422 metres (1,385 ft)below sea level,[2] the lowest elevation on the Earth's surface on dry land. The Dead Sea
is 378 m (1,240 ft) deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world. It is also one of the
world's saltiest bodies of water, with 33.7% salinity. Only Lake Assal (Djibouti),Garabogazkl and some hypersaline lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica
(such as Don Juan Pond) have a higher salinity. It is 8.6 times more salty than the ocean.
[3] This salinity makes for a harsh environment where animals cannot flourish, hence itsname. The Dead Sea is 67 kilometres (42 mi) long and 18 kilometres (11 mi) wide at its
widest point. It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River.
The Dead Sea has attracted visitors from around the Mediterranean basin for thousands of
years. Biblically, it was a place of refuge for King David. It was one of the world's firsthealth resorts (for Herod the Great), and it has been the supplier of a wide variety of
products, from balms for Egyptian mummification to potash for fertilizers. People also
use the salt and the minerals from the Dead Sea to create cosmetics and herbal sachets. In
2009, 1.2 million foreign tourists visited on the Israeli side.The sea has a density of 1.24kg/L, making swimming difficult.
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the
Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia
and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is
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technically a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a completely
separate body of water.
The name Mediterranean is derived from the Latin mediterraneus, meaning "inland" or"in the middle of the earth" (from medius, "middle" and terra, "earth"). It covers an
approximate area of 2.5 million km (965,000 sq mi), but its connection to the Atlantic
(the Strait of Gibraltar) is only 14 km (8.7 mi) wide. In oceanography, it is sometimescalled the Eurafrican Mediterranean Sea or the European Mediterranean Sea to
distinguish it from mediterranean seas elsewhere.[1][2]
The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and the deepestrecorded point is 5,267 m (17,280 ft) in the Calypso Deep in the Ionian Sea.
It was an important route for merchants and travelers of ancient times that allowed for
trade and cultural exchange between emergent peoples of the region the
Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Phoenician, Carthaginian, Iberian, Greek, Illyrian, Thracian,Levantine, Gallic, Roman, Arabic, Berber, Jewish , Slavic and Turkish cultures. The
history of the Mediterranean region is crucial to understanding the origins and
development of many modern societies. "For the three quarters of the globe, the
Mediterranean Sea is similarly the uniting element and the centre of World History."[3]
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is a brackish mediterranean sea located in Northern Europe, from 53N to
66N latitude and from 20E to 26E longitude. It is bounded by the ScandinavianPeninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat by
way of the resund, the Great Belt and the Little Belt. The Kattegat continues through
Skagerrak into the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The Baltic Sea is connected by
man-made waterways to the White Sea via the White Sea Canal, and to the North Sea viathe Kiel Canal. The Baltic Sea might be considered to be bordered on its northern edge
by the Gulf of Bothnia, on its northeastern edge by the Gulf of Finland, and on its eastern
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edge by the Gulf of Riga. However, these various gulfs can be considered to be simply
offshoots of the Baltic Sea, and therefore parts of it.
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The
connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf ofAden. In the north, there is the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez
(leading to the Suez Canal). The Red Sea is a Global 200 ecoregion.
Occupying a part of the Great Rift Valley, the Red Sea has a surface area of roughly
438,000 km (169,100 square miles ).[1][2] It is about 2250 km (1398 miles) long and, atits widest point, is 355 km (220.6 miles) wide. It has a maximum depth of 2211 metres
(7254 feet) in the central median trench, and an average depth of 490 metres (1,608 feet).However, there are also extensive shallow shelves, noted for their marine life and corals.The sea is the habitat of over 1,000 invertebrate species, and 200 soft and hard corals. It
is the world's northernmost tropical sea.