DEA Unconventional Shale Development

8/3/2019 DEA Unconventional Shale Development

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Shale Projects Becoming Globally Important

U.S. Shale Oil & Gas Experience Extrapolates Globally





© 2009 Weatherford. All rights reserved.

Shale Projects are Going Global

Potential projects aredeveloping momentum

Source: EIA



© 2009 Weatherford. All rights reserved.4

Operators’ View of Shale Projects






Shale Gas Project Cost Distribution

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Costs Weatherfordcan impact = 80%




Unconventional Plays > Leading Edge Services

Geo

Sciences

Frac flow back & testing

Drilling rental tools

Multi zone completion systems

Wellhead Systems

Pump down plugs

Wireline /Perforating

Water Treatment Systems

Coiled TubingFrac Stacks

Operating Company




Operator Challenges for Shale Plays

• Accurate characterization of the shale reservoir in vertical wells

• Optimal wellbore placement in horizontal wells – geo-steering the “sweet spot”

• Optimal frac design and stage placement along the horizontal wellbore

Laboratories / Wireline / Surface Logging Systems

Logging While Drilling (LWD) / Surface Logging Systems

Stimulation / Completions / Micro-seismic




Good Science Leads to Good Engineering

ReduceReservoir

Uncertainty

MudLogging

Geo

Chemistry

GeoMechanics

Core

Analysis

FormationEvaluation

Micro-

seismic

Thickness

Organic richnessMaturation

Gas-in-place

Pore pressurePermeability

Recovery Factor

Brittleness

Mineralogy

Continuity

Source: Colorado School of Mines

Integrating datasets with interpretiveexpertise to enable low risk decisions

Water Treatment Reservoir Information Geosciences




Directional Planning a Shale Well

Horizontal wells

begin with awellbore plan

Water Treatment Directional Plan




Pad Drilling in EnvironmentallySensitive Areas

Image courtesy Statoil/Hydro

Water Treatment MWD / LWD / RSS




Hmin

Hmax

openhole spiral perforations

Drilling Direction – Critical to Stimulation




Integrated Drilling Services

• Mud Logging Services

• Wellsite Lab Cuttings Analysis

– SRA, XRf/XRd, TOC,

– Thermal Maturity, R0

• Directional Drilling

• MWD

• LWD – GR, SAGR, MFR,

– Neutron/Density, Sonic

Mud Logging, Labs, MWD/LWD/DD




Most US Shale operators favor RSS

Rotary Steerable System

Water Treatment Directional Drilling

With RSSw/ Mud Motor




Hydraulic Fracturing

Haynesville - Avg. 54,000 HHP / Fracture

Eagle Ford – Avg. 54,000 HHP / Fracture

Marcellus - Avg. 30,000 HHP / Fracture

Barnett – Avg. 24,000 HHP / Fracture

Fayetteville – Avg. 28,000 HHP / Fracture

Woodford - Avg. 25,000 HHP / Fracture

Haynesville - 7,470K lbs / 150K bbls. H2O (18 Stages/well)

Eagle Ford – 6,000K lbs / 120K bbls. H2O (15 Stages/well)Marcellus - 3,000K lbs / 120K bbls. H2O (10 Stages/well)

Barnett – 3,200K lbs / 95K bbls. H2O (8 Stages/well)

Fayetteville – 4,000K lbs / 110K bbls. H2O (10 Stages/well)

Woodford - 3,250K lbs / 95K bbls. H2O (13 Stages/well)

1616

Horse Power Requirements

Volume Requirements




On the Job Monitoring is Critical

Real Time Monitoring

• Control Pumps (to vary pump rate on the fly)

• Blenders (to vary prop concentration on the fly)

• Hydration Units (to vary chemicals as needed)

Engineering Station

• To run stimulation Software

• Monitor fracture critical parameters

• Make engineering decisions on the fly

Real-time Capability

• Transmit Data Via Satellite Link

• Fracture Analysis

• Replay Monitoring Plots On Multiple Monitors

• Step Rate & Mini-Frac Analysis

• Pump In-Flow Back

• Pressure Decline

Real Time & Engineering Tools




Plug and Perf. Method for Horizontal Wells

• Dedicated assets for on location for Pump

Down Services

– Optimizes timing

• Integration of plugs/adapter kits

– Minimizes failures

• Proven communication with FracturingServices crew

– Critical to optimize time

• Single trip set plug and perforate

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Pump Down Services




Multi-Zone Completion Systems

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Sleeve OptionsToe Sleeve

Multi-Shift Sleeve

Monobore Sleeve

Single Shot Sleeve

Packer OptionsLiner Hanger/Packer

Bulldog HD

Genesis Swellable Packer

Fraxsis Swellable Packer

Accessory Tool

Port Collar

Rok ANkOR

Horizontal Ball Seat

ZoneSelect TM Weatherford’s modular system for selective isolation andstimulation of openhole completions




Coiled Tubing Services

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Milling out Frac Plugs & TCP

The milling out of the frac plugs or completion becomesa critical operation.

Coiled Tubing should be used for this operations as ithas the capability to:

Continually drill

Minimize the damage

Minimize time




Well Testing and Flowback Services

A complete frac flowback package should be

used after each well is completed

• Flow lines

• Manual & Hydraulic Choke Manifolds

• Pressurized proppant/sand knockout vessels

• Three & four phase test separators

• Tankage to Manage Proppant Returns

• In-Line/Closed Loop Testing and PipeCleaning/Dewatering

Controlled flowback/cleanup operations beforeentering the production lines and facilities is thekey to optimizing the well performance after alloperations are completed.

2121

Frac Flow Back




Stimulation Evaluation and Optimization

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Micro-Seismic Services

• Well Site fracture mapping can be

beneficial to:

• Evaluation of the fracture evolution inreal time and take appropriate stepsto optimize the stage

• Off the Well Site fracture mapping can

• Reveal anomalous drainage patterns

• Wellbore interference• Inefficient completion designs




Shale Development Challenges

How do I cut wellcosts to makethese wells moreeconomic?

How do I manage

gas/oil shaledifferences?

How do weensure we aregeo-steeringeffectively?

How can I drill thebuild section andlateral morequickly?

How do I knowwhere to place mywells?

How can Iintegrate multiple

datasets to makebetter decision?

Can I get highquality open holelogs in longhorizontal

wellbores?

What about shalesweet spotidentification?

How do Imaximize fractureconductivity?

How do I achievethe most effective

multi-zone fracstimulation?

Which is better – an open hole orcased holecompletion?

Should I considerswitching to ahybrid fracdesign?

How can Idetermine if myhydraulic fracs aresuccessful?

What methods

can I use toinitiate the fracflowbackprocess?

Is there a methodto recover frac

fluids in a moreenvironmentally safe manner?

How can life-of-well interventionsbe accomplishedcost effectively ?

How can I re-enter

depleted wellsand rejuvenateproduction?

At what point inthe life of the welldo I consider

re-fracturing ?




Frac locations can be busy places




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Service Companies Are Logical Too




Integrated Services - Benefits

Improved Safety

Ensures Resources are Available

Simplified Pricing

NPT risk transferred to Service Company

Increased Completion Efficiency

Quality Assurance

On-Site Coordinator

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Water is a Major Consideration in Shale wells

Documents

DEA Unconventional Shale Development