DB2 10 for z/OS Update

© 2011 IBM CorporationApril 22, 2023

DB2 10 for z/OS Update

Curt CotnerIBM FellowIBM Silicon Valley Lab

[email protected]

© 2011 IBM Corporation2

DB2 10 for z/OS

GA’ed October 2010

Completed Largest Beta Ever 23 WW customers

+10 Extended Beta

Over 80 vendors

Fastest uptake out of the gate As of May, 2011 over 120 customer orders…

3x that of the prior release

More than 4x the number of licenses

About 25% are migrating from V8

Every core beta customer is continuing with migration plans

First customer already in production Migrated from V8 to V10

Quality/stability looking good


DB2 10 for z/OS

Fastest uptake

• +2X customers

• +2.5X licenses

• 25% coming from DB2 V8

Customers in Production

• SAP, data warehouse and OLTP workloads

• Skip-level and V2V

Quality / stability solid

Production references

DB2 V8 EOS: April 30, 2012DB2 9 EOS: June 27, 2014


The Latest DB2 10 CPU & Performance Feedback

North America Insurance– CICS/DB2 OLTP 15% CPU

EMEA Insurance– I/O Parallel Inserts 30% CPU; 41% Elapsed Time

North America Banking– CICS/DB2 7% CPU; 5% Elapsed Time

North America Manufacturing– CICS/DB 23% CPU

EMEA Insurance– Key Queries 3-15% CPU

4


“Migrating to DB2 10 generated a 10 percent performance improvement and 10 percent CPU savings in our production system almost immediately.”

Matthias Jahns, Project Manager, HUK-COBURG

DB2 10: HUK-COBURGPerformance Boost with CPU Savings

Client: One of the largest insurance companies in Germany, supporting almost 7 million customers and more than 12 million insurance policies

Challenge: Maintain 24x7 availability while efficiently handling 18 million transactions a day and supporting industry standards of 10+ years of historical data and photos

Solution: DB2 10 for z/OS, CICS Transaction Server for z/OS V4.1, and z196 hardware

Key Benefits: • Efficient, easy to scale solution• 10% performance improvement with sub-second response times• Cost savings with 10% CPU reduction

Fully in Production


Production Customer Experiences

“We went for an early upgrade. The software was ready for us and we were ready for it. Why not take the savings early? DB2 10 has been a pleasant surprise. It will be difficult to find an area inside DB2 that does not give great performance. That being for developers, operation staff, administrators, etc. All will get benefits that could justify the upgrade in itself”

“We are very pleased with the CPU savings we have seen with the out-of-the-box implementation during testing and early production phases. Our regression tests showed performance improvements just by running the workload on a DB2 10 CM member rather than a DB2 9 NFM member in the same data sharing group”

“Migrating to DB2 10 generated a 10% performance improvement and 10% CPU savings in our production system almost immediately.”

“The ‘overall performance’ in DB2 10 is better compared to DB2 9. The stability of DB2 10 is better compared to previous releases”

“Participation in the beta gave us confidence to upgrade from V8 to DB2 10. The benchmarks and analysis of functionality and performance have exceeded our expectations. So far our upgrades have gone smoothly and we are looking forward to completing our successful rollout of DB2 10”

Fully In Production

Fully In Production

Fully In Production

In Production


Who has DB2 10?

… and many more


SAP & System z Continue to GrowSAP Banking Services 7 on DB2 10 and z196

■ Record-setting performance for SAP core banking workloads

■ Number of accounts processed larger than ever before: 150 million (Previously: 40 million)

Large-scale project run in Poughkeepsie in 1H 2011www.ibm.com/solutions/sap/us/en/news/zenterprise_system_scales_best.html

4 of the 6 customers

mentioned in this article are on System z


Other Triggers Driving Customers in 2012

DB2 V8

• End-Of-Service effective: April 31, 2012

• 50% off Extended Service if purchase DB2 10 before July 1, 2012

DB2 9

• Withdraw-from-Marketing

– announce: Dec. 6, 2011 effective: Dec. 10, 2012

• End-Of-Service

– announce: Feb. 7, 2012 effective: June 27, 2014


DB2 10 Experiences

• Reduced cost • Improved scalability• Improved resilience

• Plan well, including good maintenance practices• Rebind can get you the highest CPU savings• Expect increase in real storage consumption to

support and exploit DB2 10

• 90% Virtual storage savings• 10% CPU savings on CICS transactions• 30% CPU savings on test batch workload

”Our DB2 10 experience has given us confidence about the virtual storage relief and CPU savings. I am looking forward to continuing our rollout and reaping the benefits.” Niels Simanis Senior Technology Manager Danske Bank

Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?

BenefitsBenefits

Migration TipsMigration Tips


DB2 10 Experiences

• Reduced cost • Improved performance• Improved scalability

• Thorough preparation and planning• Good maintenance practices

• 20-30% CPU savings out-of-the-box• 5-15% Performance improvements for batch,

CICS, and DDFActual results may vary for other customers

Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?Why DB2 10 Now?

BenefitsBenefits

Migration TipsMigration Tips

“We are pleasantly surprised with the out-of-the-box CPU savings we have seen during testing and early production phases.”

Terry Glover –Director IT InfrastructureDillard’s


Reduced Costs Simplified Workloads Proven Technology

“Based on the performance metrics from our controlled test environment, we see a significant amount of CPU and Elapsed time savings. This release has many features that will help bring down our operating costs.”

Morgan Stanley DB2 Team

“With DB2 10 able to handle 5-10 times as many threads as the previous version, the upgrade will immediately give the bank some much-needed room for future workload growth while simultaneously reducing their data sharing overhead.”

Paulo Sahadi - Senior Production Manager, Information Management Division at Banco do Brasil

“Every single SQL statement we have tested has been better or the same as our current optimal paths – we have yet to see any significant access path regression. We had to spend a lot of time tuning SQL with DB2 9, but we expect that to disappear when we upgrade to DB2 10.”

Philipp Nowak, BMW DB2 Product Manager

“We are particularly interested in the performance improvements due to the potential CPU reductions that we realized during our DB2 10 Beta testing. Our early testing has shown out-of-the-box processing cost reductions of between 5% - 10% and for some workloads as high as 30%. Potential cost savings of this magnitude cannot be ignored given today’s business climate.”

Large Global Bank

“We are really thrilled about “Temporal Data" feature – this feature has the potential to significantly reduce overheads. We have estimated that 80% of our existing temporal applications could have used “the DB2 10 temporal features” instead of application code - this feature will drastically save developer time, testing time – and even more importantly make applications easier to understand so improve business efficiency and effectiveness." Frank Petersen – System ProgrammerBankdata

The new audit capabilities in DB2 10 will allow tables to be audited as soon as they are created, which is an obvious benefit for the business and will reduce costs and simplify our processes”

Guenter Schinkel -Postbank Systems AG

DB2 10: Customers seeing reduced costs, simplified workloads through proven technology

For more customer references visit http://www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/zos/testimonials.html


Lowest Cost Platform per User

Consolidation savings with DB2 10 Easier porting of applications to DB2 for z/OS

Extensive SQL & XML support added throughout

Processing Savings with DB2 10 5 – 10% savings out of the box

Distributed application access can save up to 20%

Native SQL stored procedures can save up to 20%

Complex queries will now result in savings of up to 20%

Heavy insert activity can drive 10 – 40% savings


IBM Relational Warehouse Workload (IRWW) with data sharing Base DB2 9 NFM REBIND with PLANMGMT(EXTENDED) DB2 9 NFM DB2 10 CM without REBIND measured 3.7% CPU

reduction from DB2 9 DB2 10 CM REBIND getting same access path measured 7.4% CPU

reduction from DB2 9 DB2 10 NFM measured same 7.4% CPU reduction from DB2 9 DB2 10 CM or NFM with RELEASE(DEALLOCATE) measured additional

10% CPU reduction from DB2 10 NFM RELEASE(COMMIT)


DB2 10 Higher Throughput & Better Scaling - Sample SAP ERP Measurement■ Improved SQL runtime efficiency

■ Boosted SQL INSERT performance

■ Parallel I/O for index updates■ Reduced latch contention

■ More efficient large bufferpools

■ Inline LOBs to avoid LOB TS access

■ DFSORT performance improvement

■ APAR PM18196

■ Extended zIIP exploitation■ Prefetching of pages into buffer

pools■ Large portion of Runstats


Simplicity - Extraordinary ScalabilityDB2 10 for z/OS now enables applications 5-10 times the number of

users and activity on a single system Virtual storage improvements deliver 10 times more scalability

Fewer DB2 members required - reducing complexity and improving application performance

Direct Row Access New Hash Access methodology eliminates multi-step indexing Significantly improves applications requiring single row access

• 30% to 50% improvement with Hash Access over Indexed data access

We expect to reduce our data sharing requirements by 25%, which means less system, storage and resource expenses

Banco do Brasil

We expect to reduce our data sharing requirements by 25%, which means less system, storage and resource expenses

Banco do Brasil

Accounts Accounts


1717

Running Many Active Threads

DB2A (500 thds)

Coupling Technology

Data sharing and sysplex allows for efficient scale-out of DB2 images

Sometimes multiple DB2s per LPAR

Today

LPAR1

DB2D (500 thds)

DB2B (500 thds)

LPAR2

DB2E (500 thds)

DB2C (500 thds)

LPAR3

DB2F (500 thds)

DB2A (2500 thds)

Coupling Technology

• More threads per DB2 image• More efficient use of large n-ways• Easier growth, lower costs, easier

management• Data sharing and Parallel Sysplex still

required for very high availability and scale• Rule of thumb: save ½% CPU for each

member reduced, more on memory

DB2 10

LPAR1

DB2B (2500 thds)

LPAR2

DB2C (2500 thds)

LPAR3


Other bottlenecks can emerge in extremely heavy workloads–Reduced latch contention

• Improved efficiency for latch suspend/resume–new option to for readers to avoid waiting for inserters–eliminate UTSERIAL lock contention for utilities–Use 64-bit common storage to avoid ECSA constraints

DB2 10 NFM catalog restructure improves BIND / Prepare concurrency

SPT01 64GB constraint Improved accounting rollup, compress SMF option

–Reduced SMF data volume Lower overhead for very large buffer pools

Other System Scaling Improvements


Hash Access

Hash Access provides the ability to directly locate a row in a table without having to use an index

Single GETP/RELP in most cases 1 Synch I/Os in common case

– 0 If In Memory Table Greatly reduced Search CPU expense

Select Balance From AccountsWHERE acctID = 17

Select Balance From AccountsWHERE acctID = 17

= Page in Bufferpool

= Page Read from DiskAccounts Table


SimplicityTime Travel Query Integrated Bitemporal capabilities

–Query over any current, prior or future period in time

–System and User-maintained temporal tables

–SQL standards work in progress

Accounts

What is the answer now?

Accounts

What was the answer in the past?

Accounts

What will the answer be in the future?

“As much as 80% of our applications can use this, which will drastically save developer time and even more

importantly make applications easier to understand to improve business efficiency and effectiveness”

The new temporal functionality in DB2 10 for z/OS will allow us to drastically simplify our data-related queries and reduce our processing cost by having DB2 handle data movement more efficiently than our custom code

Major Insura

nce Compa

ny


2121

Temporal data or versioned data Table-level specification to control data management based upon

time Two notions of time:

–System time: notes the occurrence of a data base change• “row xyz was deleted at 10:05 pm”• Query at current or any prior period of time• Useful for auditing, compliance

–Business time: notes the occurrence of a business event• “customer xyz’s service contract was modified on March 23”• Query at current or any prior/future period of time• Useful for tracking of business events over time, application logic

greatly simplified New syntax in FROM clause to specify a time criteria for selecting

historical data


2222

More Improvements for Applications SQL compile time: Optimization techniques

– Remove parallelism restrictions; more even parallel distribution– Scalability: memory and latching relief allow more parallel – Optimization validation with Real Time Statistics– In-memory techniques for faster query performance – Multiple IN-List matching– IN-List predicate transitive closure

SQL runtime:– RID overflow to workfile

• Mitigate increased workfile usage by increasing RID pool size (default increased in DB2 10).

• MAXTEMPS_RID zparm for maximum WF usage for each RID list

– Sort performance enhancements• Avoid workfile usage for small sorts• Hash support for large sorts


2323

And More Application Improvements

pureXML enhancements Large object improvements

– Allow non-NULL default values for inline LOBs

– Loading and unloading tables with LOBs

• LOBs in input/output files with other non-LOB data SQL Enhancements

– Currently committed locking semantics

– Implicit casting or loose typing

– Timestamp with time zone

– Variable timestamp precision – seconds to picoseconds

– Moving Sum, Moving Average

– SQLPL performance improvements

– Extended indicator variables

– Row and column access control


2424

Protect sensitive data from privileged users & improve productivity

– SECADM & DBADM without data access

– Usability: DBADM for all DB

– Revoke without cascade Separate authorities to perform

security related tasks, e.g. security administrator, EXPLAIN, performance monitoring and management

New audit policy controls, audit privileged users

Row and column access control

– Allow masking of value

– Restrict user access to individual cells

Security Administrator

Tasks

System Administrator

Tasks

AccessMonitor

Business Security & Compliance

Audit

Database Administrator

Tasks


Continuous Availability: More Online Schema Changes ALTER TABLESPACE

– Page size (not XML) (BUFFERPOOL) – DSSIZE – SEGSIZE– Table space type

• Single table simple -> PBG (inherit MC) • Single table segmented -> PBG • Classic partitioned -> PBR (inherit MC)• PBG -> Hash

– MEMBER CLUSTER ALTER INDEX

– Page size (BUFFERPOOL) • In DB2 9 this was immediate with RBDP set

Other schema change enhancements– Table space no longer needs to be stopped to alter MAXROWS– Object no longer needs to be stopped to alter BPOOL in data

sharing

ALTER TABLESPACE … MAXPARTITIONS m

ALTER TABLESPACE … SEGSIZE s

ALTER TABLE … ADD ORGANIZE BY HASH


Other Availability Improvements

Access currently committed data Change DDF location alias names online

– New MODIFY DDF ALIAS command

Online DDF CDB changes – LOCATIONS, IPNAMES, IPLIST

Dynamic add of active logs– New –SET LOG NEWLOG option

Pre-emptable backout


Why is IBM focusing on IDAA? Changing business requirements

– BI/DW becoming mission critical and requires OLTP-like QoS • reliability, continuous availability, security, mixed workload

management, …• orders of magnitude faster execution of complex, ad hoc

queries• predictable query performance

– Shift towards dynamic DW and operational BI• Combining OLTP and OLAP workloads

Traditional performance tuning tools of the trade such as indexing, pre-built aggregates and MQTs struggling to keep the pace– Require top DBA expertise and sophisticated tools – Even then not good enough due to ad-hoc, unpredictable nature of

the workload Technology trends

– Very large number of processor sockets and cores– Specialized query processing engines– Appliances


DB2 Components

DataManager

BufferManager

IRLMLog

Manager

Applications DBA Tools, z/OS Console, ...

. .

.

Operation Interfaces(e.g. DB2 Commands)

Application Interfaces(standard SQL dialects)

DB2


IBM DB2 Analytics Accelerator as a Virtual DB2 Component

DataManager

BufferManager

IRLMLog

ManagerIDAA


. .

.



DB2


Deep DB2 Integration

DataManager

BufferManager

IRLMLog

ManagerIDAA


. .

.



z/OS on System z

10‘s of processors100‘s GB of memory

Netezza

DB2

Superior availabilityreliability, security,

workload management,OLTP performance ...

Industry leadingDW performance,

ease of use


Transaction Systems (OLTP)

Data Warehouse Analytics

System zRecognized leader in mixed workloads with security, availability

and recoverability for OLTP

Netezza Recognized leader in

cost-effective high speed deep analytics

Data Mart Data Mart Data Mart Data Mart

Data Mart Consolidation

Best in Data Warehouse

Proven appliance leader in high speed analytic systems

Best in Consolidation

Unprecedented mixed workload flexibility and virtualization providing the most options for cost effective consolidation

Best in OLTP

Industry recognized leader in mission critical transaction systems

The Best of Both Worlds


0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

Sec(s)

Query 1 Query 2 Query 3 Query 4 Query 5 Query 6 Query 7 Query 8 Query 9

Query

Acceleration

Queries running up to

1908 times faster

Times Faster

Query

Total Rows

Reviewed

Total Rows

Returned Hours Sec(s) Hours Sec(s)Query 1 2,813,571 853,320 2:39 9,540 0.0 5 1,908Query 2 2,813,571 585,780 2:16 8,220 0.0 5 1,644Query 3 8,260,214 274 1:16 4,560 0.0 6 760Query 4 2,813,571 601,197 1:08 4,080 0.0 5 816Query 5 3,422,765 508 0:57 4,080 0.0 70 58Query 6 4,290,648 165 0:53 3,180 0.0 6 530Query 7 361,521 58,236 0:51 3,120 0.0 4 780Query 8 3,425.29 724 0:44 2,640 0.0 2 1,320Query 9 4,130,107 137 0:42 2,520 0.1 193 13

DB2 Only DB2 with

IDAA

Field Experiences


For More Information

DB2 10– Customer Material www.ibm.com/software/data/db2/zos/db2-10/resources.html– DB2 10 e-kit www.ibm.com/marketing/edocument/swg/sp_db210_kit/document/

SAP – Benchmark:

www.ibm.com/solutions/sap/us/en/news/zenterprise_system_scales_best.html

RFE (Request for Enhancement) database– www.ibm.com/developerworks/rfe/

• VISIT the DB2 Best Practices

• JOIN the World of DB2 for z/OS

• JOIN the DB2 for z/OS group


Engaging Web and Mobile Applications

Modern User Interface and Form Factors– Implemented using JavaScript for Web 2.0 in desktop– Implemented using JavaScript in IBM Worklight for hybrid mobile application


Eliminate mapping and transformation

JSONJSON

Data RepositoryData Repository


But --- there are Gaps in NoSQL DataStores …. Can Enterprises Live with these?

Complex apps

Data integration

Multi-statement transactions

Data Management tool-set and Eco-system

Security

Integration with Enterprise Data


Goals for an IBM NoSQL Store– Embrace the flexibility and scalability of emerging NoSQL solutions

• Add JSON capabilities• Ensure web scale application support

– But don’t compromise traditional enterprise grade qualities of service and unique RDBMS capabilities

• Complex transactions• Joins• Temporal Data• Geo-spatial data• Atomicity, Consistency, Integrity, Durability• Access control & security• Referential Integrity• Check constraints• Scalability• Robust monitoring

– Keep it simple

• Programming API – Simple API for simple JSON queries and updates– Extensions as needed for specialized functions

> - temporal data, geo-spatial, granular access – Allow access to JSON data and relational tables in the same query

• Administration – Autonomic storage management– Simple replication solutions– Little friction for model and schema changes

– Keep it fast

• Leverage the strengths of IBM technology– Indexing, buffering, scalability, access path optimization– Distributed caching

Documents

DB2 10 for z/OS Update