DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    1/23

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    2/23

    \ 2

    Important notice

    Forward-looking statements

    This presentation contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the

    Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this presentation that address activities, events

    or developments that Markit Ltd. (Markit or the Company) expects, believes or anticipates will or may occur in the futureare forward-looking

    statements. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, forward-looking statements contained in this presentation may include the expectations of

    management regarding plans, strategies, longterm objectives and anticipated financial and operating results of the Company. Markitsestimates and

    forward-looking statements are mainly based on its current expectations and estimates of future events and trends, which affect or may affect its

    businesses and operations. Although Markit believes that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions,

    they are subject to several risks and uncertainties and are made in light of information currently available to Markit. When used in this presentation,

    the words anticipate, believe, intend, expect, plan, will or other similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such

    statements are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Markit, which may cause actualresults to differ materially from those implied or expressed by the forward-looking statements. Further information on such assumptions, risks and

    uncertainties is available in Markitsfilings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) including the Risk Factors section

    of its registration statement filed with the SEC. MarkitsSEC filings are available at www.sec.gov or on the investor relations section of its website,

    www.markit.com. Markit undertakes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances

    occurring after the date of this presentation. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only

    as of the date of this press release. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

    Non-IFRS financial measuresThis presentation also includes measures defined by the SEC as non-IFRS financial measures. Markit believes that these non-IFRS measures can

    provide useful supplemental information to securities analysts, investors and other interested parties regarding financial and business trends relating

    to its financial condition and results of operations when read in conjunction with the companys reported results. Definitions and reconciliations of

    these non-IFRS measures to most directly comparable IFRS financial measures are available in the Appendix of this presentation and in Markits

    earnings release dated August 13, 2014.

    Copyright 2014, Markit Group Limited. All rights reserved and all intellectual property rights are retained by Markit.

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    3/23

    \ 3

    Overview

    Leading provider of financial information services globally

    Banks

    Asset managersHedge funds

    Private equity funds

    Venture capital funds

    Corporates

    Insurance companies

    Securities firms

    Clearing firms

    Software / data vendors

    Traders

    Risk managers

    Compliance officers

    IT professionals

    Investment professionals

    Portfolio managers

    Valuation analysts

    Actuaries

    Research analysts

    Equities

    Credit

    Loans

    Rates

    Bonds

    FX

    Structured finance

    Commodities

    CDS

    Environmental

    2003founded

    10countries

    22offices

    3,000+institutionalcustomers

    3,200+employees

    $948m2013 revenue

    $421m2013 adjustedEBITDA

    Customers Coverage End users

    Enhancing transparency

    Reducing risk

    Improving operational efficiency

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    4/23

    \ 4

    Customer focus

    Deeply embedded in our customers systems and workflows

    Work closely with customers to develop and introduce new offerings that aredesigned to enhance transparency, reduce risk and improve operational efficiency

    Chart figures represent composition of customer base by number of custom

    ers

    20%

    2%5%5%10%

    12%

    12%

    17%

    18%Asset Managers

    Hedge Fund, Private Equity

    Corporates & Insurance

    Securities and Clearing

    Banks

    Software / Data Vendors

    Government & Academic

    Institutional Investors

    Other

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    5/23

    \ 5

    Our divisions

    Our operating divisions

    Enterprise Software

    Managed Services

    Information

    Critical financial marketinformation sourced /created, enriched anddelivered

    Pricing & reference data

    Indices

    Valuation and tradingservices

    2013 revenue: $460m

    Processing

    Trade processing for OTCderivatives, FX andsyndicated loans

    Trade processing

    Multi asset class tradeconfirmation and settlementplatform

    2013 revenue: $265m

    Solutions

    Advanced enterprisesolutions tied to Markittechnology / software

    Enterprise software

    Managed services

    2013 revenue: $223m

    48%

    28%

    24%

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    6/23

    \ 6

    Market positioning

    Well positioned to address critical industry trends

    Markit is addressing the most critical areas in a massive market that is undergoingunprecedented change

    We operate in growing markets

    Focus on efficiency in financial services

    Emerging markets and developing economy growth

    Shifting investment styles

    Changing regulatory landscape

    Evolving technology and communication

    Pricing, reference and valuation data

    OTC / ET derivatives processing

    Reporting and compliance

    Data management

    Risk management

    Order management systems

    Indices

    ...that offer significant opportunity

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    7/23

    \ 7

    Key corporate events

    Track record of acquiring and growing complementary

    businesses

    CDS Pricing

    CDS ReferenceEntityIdentifiers

    DividendForecasting

    IndexManagement

    OTCDerivativesSell-SideValuations

    Loan Pricing

    Daily Equity &CommoditiesData

    ABS Pricing

    Credit EventAuctions

    OTCDerivativesBuy-SideValuations

    Metrics

    ResearchAggregation

    Instant Messaging

    Desktop and DataFeed Solutions

    OTC DerivativeTrade Processing

    PortfolioReconciliation

    Structured FinanceCashflow Modeling

    Loan CDS Indices& Pricing

    Bespoke Indices

    DocumentManagement

    MacroeconomicData

    PortfolioCompression

    Syndicated LoanPortfolioManagementSoftware

    TradeConfirmations

    Loan MappingService

    Environmental Registry

    Evaluated Bond Pricing

    Credit TradeConfirmation

    Market Share Analysis

    Loan Settlement

    Valuations Management

    Entity Identifiers

    Mobile Applications

    Broker Voting

    SmartText

    Online AdvertisingManager

    Liquidity Metrics

    LoanProcessing

    Risk Analytics

    QuantitativeResearchand TradingAnalytics

    FX TradeProcessing

    CommissionManagement

    Loan Index

    SecuritiesFinance

    EnterpriseDataManagement

    Credit Factors

    InstrumentReferenceData

    ETF Data &Analytics

    ISDA Amend

    TD Bank Spin Off

    RED Acquired

    Nine Banks Invest

    Totem & DaDDAcquired

    LoanX Acquired

    Hedge Funds Invest

    Chasen Acquired

    CommunicatorAcquired

    MarketXS Acquired

    Three Banks Invest

    BOAT Acquired

    CDS IndexCoAcquired

    International IndexCompany Acquired

    NTC EconomicsAcquired

    FCS Acquired

    SwapsWireAcquired

    DTCC DerivSERVJoint Venture created

    TZ1 Acquired

    ClearPar Acquired

    STORM Acquired

    General AtlanticInvests

    Wall Street onDemandAcquired

    QuIC Acquired

    LogicscopeAcquired

    QSG Acquired

    Data ExplorersAcquired

    Cadis Acquired

    26 94 140 313 470 1,081 1,439 2,041 2,414 2,849 3,000+

    CLO Pricing

    RMBS IndexTri- Party Repoand DataAnalysis

    CorporateActions

    Private EquityValuations

    Loan Analytics

    CreditChecking

    Tax DocumentManagement

    Collaboration

    Remaining 50% ofMarkitSERV Acquired

    GCA Acquired

    Temasek Invests

    Employees

    Product

    offering

    StrategicEvents

    Credit Indices

    European ABSPerformanceMonitoring

    European EquityTradeReporting Platform

    QuoteParsing

    OperationalBenchmarking

    20042005

    2006

    2008

    2009

    2011

    2012

    2013 Rev:$948mm

    2007

    2010

    2003

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    8/23

    \ 8

    Case study

    Markitsloan franchise (revenue in $m)

    $3.7 $5.4 $6.0$10.6

    $47.4

    $103.2

    $135.2$143.8

    $158.7

    $193.9

    2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

    LoanX/Loans Pricing WSO Clearpar/Storm Loans Indices

    Acquisition Build

    AcquireLoanX(LoanPricing)

    LaunchloanCDSindicesandpricingservices

    Acquire FCS(Loansoftware,servicingand data)

    Launch loanmappingserviceLaunchLiLLI(Liquid LoanIndex)

    LaunchLiquidityMetrics andMiLLI (LoanIndex andLoanLiquidity)

    LaunchMarkit EntityIdentifier(MEI)

    AcquireClearParand Storm(LoanSettlement)

    Launch ofMarkitLoanSettlementplatform

    Demonstrated ability for product innovation and

    accretive acquisitions

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    9/23

    \ 9

    Financial overview

    Attractive financial model

    Markit has historically delivered consistent margins and strong revenue, adjustedEBITDA and adjusted earnings growth

    Note: Financials presented under IFRS accounting guidelines. Please see Appendix for reconciliation of non-IFRS financial measures to IFRS financial measures.

    $ 478.1

    $ 668.4

    $ 762.5

    $ 860.6

    $ 947.9

    $208.4

    $261.0$305.0

    $358.2

    $421.3

    $115.2$144.9

    $184.8$218.4

    $248.4

    48.1 %46.2 % 45.8 %

    47.0 %45.6 %

    2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

    Revenue Adjusted EBITDA Adjusted Earnings Adjusted EBITDA Margin

    $ million

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    10/23

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    11/23

    \ 11

    Our longterm objectives

    Longterm financial objectives

    Maintain 5-7% organic revenue growth

    Overall double digit revenue growth including acquisitions

    Maintain low to mid 40s Adjusted EBITDA margin %

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    12/23

    \ 12

    Investment highlights

    Key investment highlights

    Well positioned to address critical industry trends

    Trusted partner for diversified, global customer base

    Demonstrated ability for product innovation and accretive acquisitions

    Attractive financial model

    Founder-led experienced management team incentivised by ownership

    culture

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    13/23

    Appendix

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    14/23

    \ 14

    174.5

    214.5 217.2

    46.7% 49.7% 47.3%

    2011 2012 2013

    373.4431.3

    459.6

    2011 2012 2013

    Information division

    Information division

    Description Revenue ($m)

    Adjusted EBITDA ($m) and adjusted EBITDA margin (%)

    Provides pricing and reference data, indices and valuation andtrading services across multiple asset classes and geographies.Offerings used for independent valuations, research, trading, andliquidity and risk assessments

    Serves buyside firms, sellside firms, exchanges, central banks,regulators, government agencies, rating agencies, researchorganisations, academics, accounting firms, consultancies,

    technology and service providers, and other companies using bothdirect and third-party distribution channels

    Predominantly recurring fixed fee, subscription based revenuemodel

    Providesindependent pricingacross majorgeographies andkey asset classesas well asinstrument andentity reference dataproducts

    Pricing &

    reference data

    Leading indexfranchise coveringloans, bonds, creditdefault swaps,structured financeand economicindicators

    Indices

    Suite of valuation &trading servicesdesigned to help ourcustomers createindependentvaluations andacquire, integrate,distribute, analyseand verify data

    Valuation &

    Tradingservices

    Information

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    15/23

    \ 15

    128.8 124.5 138.1

    56.7%52.1% 52.1%

    2011 2012 2013

    Adjusted EBITDA Adjusted EBITDA margin

    227.3 238.8

    265.3

    2011 2012 2013

    Processing division

    Processing division

    Description Revenue ($m)

    Adjusted EBITDA ($m) and adjusted EBITDA margin (%)

    Offers trade processing solutions globally for OTC derivatives, FX

    and syndicated loans, including infrastructure for pre-trade and post-

    trade support

    Enables inter-dealer brokers, buyside and sellside firms, to confirm

    transactions rapidly, increasing efficiency by optimizing post-trade

    workflow, reducing risk, complying with reporting regulations and

    improving connectivity

    Predominantly recurring variable-fee revenue model

    Provides end-to-end tradeprocessing and workflowsolutions to support allparticipants in OTC trading

    MarkitSERV

    Provides loan trade processingfor the US and Europeansyndicated loan market

    Loan Settlement

    Processing

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    16/23

    \ 16

    56.2

    67.6

    77.5

    34.7% 35.5% 34.8%

    2011 2012 2013

    161.8190.5

    223.0

    2011 2012 2013

    Solutions division

    Solutions division

    Description Revenues ($m)

    Adjusted EBITDA ($m) and adjusted EBITDA margin

    Provides configurable enterprise software platforms; design, hostand build websites; and end-to-end managed services

    Our offerings capture, organise, process, display and analyseinformation, manage risk and meet our customers regulatoryrequirements

    Broad customer base within the financial services industry and othercorporates including buyside and sellside firms, custodians, private

    equity firms, wealth management firms and retail brokeragesA combination of recurring fixed-fee revenue model and softwaresales and associated services revenue

    Enterprise Data Management

    thinkFolio

    Analytics

    WSO Software

    Enterprise Software

    On Demand

    Counterparty Manager

    KYC Services

    Hosted reference data

    WSO Services

    Collaboration Services

    Corporate Actions

    CTI

    Managed Services

    Solutions

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    17/23

    \ 17

    Financial overview

    Capital allocation strategy

    Dec 31st2012 ($m) Dec 31st 2013 ($m)

    Bank borrowings 240.5 268.0

    Share buyback 398.7 306.6

    Interest free promissory note 14.5 -

    Total borrowings 653.7 574.6

    Cash and cash equivalents (110.2) (75.3)

    Net debt 543.5 499.3

    Adjusted EBITDA 358.2 421.3

    Leverage (Net debt /Adjusted EBITDA)

    1.52x 1.19x

    Invest to grow business organically through product development and innovation Historically, have returned capital to shareholders through buybacks

    Recently amended revolving credit facility to provide a 5-year term $1.05bn in size with accordionto $1.45bn

    Supplement organic growth with acquisitions that we can further grow organically

    Expect to fund future acquisitions primarily with debt and cash flow

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    18/23

    \ 18

    Key investment highlights

    Founder-led management team incentivised by

    ownership cultureManagement team has substantial experience within the industry, with an averageindustry tenure of 22 years for top 35 senior managers

    NameYears

    experienceTenure with

    Markit

    Armins Rusis

    Co-Head of Information

    28 Since 2008

    (Board membersince 2007)

    Chip CarverCo-Head of Information

    28 Since 2008

    Brad LevyHead ofProcessing

    22 Since 2012(Board membersince inception)

    Dan SimpsonHead ofEnterpriseSoftware

    19 Since 2012

    Michele TrogniHead of ManagedServices

    26 Since 2013

    Roy FlintHead of Infrastructure

    29 Since 2008

    NameYears

    experienceTenure with

    Markit

    Lance Uggla

    Chief Executive Officer

    28 Since inception

    Kevin GouldPresident

    28 Since inception

    Jeff GoochChief Financial Officer

    26 Since 2007(Board member

    since 2003)

    Adam KanslerChief AdministrativeOfficer & General Counsel

    21 Since 2009

    (Advisor sinceinception)

    Shane AkeroydHead of Sales

    28 Since 2008

    Stephen WolffHead of GroupCorporate Strategy

    22 Since 2014(Board member

    since 2009)

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    19/23

    \ 19

    Key investment highlights

    Industry awards

    Markitsinnovative products continue to be recognised as best-in-class (2009-2014)

    Risk Management System of the Year 2014

    OTC Infrastructure Service of the Year 2013

    Back-Office Technology Product of the Year2013

    Lifetime Achievement Award: Markit CEO, Lance Uggla2012

    Industry Platform of the Year 2009

    Best Company 2014

    Best CDS Data2013

    Best new data product2014

    Best Reference Data Initiative2013

    Best Evaluated Prices2013, 2012

    Best Reference Data Provider2012

    Best Data Provider for Derivatives2010, 2009

    Best Voluntary Carbon Registry 2013

    Best Registry Provider2012, 2011, 2010

    Best Tradable Index2013

    Best EDM Platform 2013

    Most Innovative Data Provider2013

    Best Data Service Provider 2012

    Best Data Management Initiative 2011

    Technology Development of the Year2011

    Best Third Party Asset Valuation Provider 2011, 2010, 2009

    Sellside Technology Provider of the Year 2014

    Best Pricing / Valuation Service 2013

    Best EDM for Buy-Side2013

    Best EDM Platform 2013

    Best Corporate Actions Service2013

    Best Buy-Side Data Management Product 2012

    Best TCA Provider to the Buy-Side 2012

    Best Overall Product / Technology Provider2012

    Best Pricing and Valuation Service2012, 2011Best Buy-Side Pricing/Valuation Service2010

    Best Innovation by an ISVRegulatory Change2013

    Innovation for IT: Connectivity2011

    Data Vendor of the Year2013

    Best New Data Service2013

    Data Firm of the Year2009

    European Middle Office Provider2013, 2010

    Best Index Provider2013

    Rising Star Index Provider 2011

    UK Entrepreneur of the Year (Lance Uggla)2012

    Best information and Data Vendor2014

    Best Information and Data Vendor (US)2013

    Data Vendor of the Year2014

    /

    http://www.waterstechnology.com/inside-reference-data
  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    20/23

    \ 20

    Reconciliation

    Reconciliation to Adjusted EBITDA

    ($ million)

    FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013

    Profit for the period 92.2 151.2 156.2 153.1 147.0

    Income tax expense 44.4 43.8 50.6 42.7 63.7

    Finance costsnet 17.2 18.2 22.9 28.9 19.4

    Depreciation and amortisation 32.4 48.2 62.7 66.7 86.0

    Amortisationacquisition related 5.7 28.5 34.4 46.2 50.1

    Acquisition related items 5.1 (11.3) 4.8 0.9 (1.4)

    Exceptional items 3.0 30.9 11.6 40.3 60.6

    Share-based compensation 9.3 14.9 11.7 16.2 8.1

    Other losses / (gains)net 16.5 0.1 4.6 11.6 (0.7)

    Adjusted EBITDA attributable to non-controlling interests

    (17.4) (63.5) (54.5) (48.4) (11.5)

    Adjusted EBITDA 208.4 261.0 305.0 358.2 421.3

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    21/23

    \ 21

    Reconciliation

    Reconciliation to Adjusted Earnings

    ($ million)FY 2009 FY 2010 FY 2011 FY 2012 FY 2013

    Profit for the period 92.2 151.2 156.2 153.1 147.0

    Amortisationacquisition related 5.7 28.5 34.4 46.2 50.1

    Acquisition related items 5.1 (11.3) 4.8 0.9 (1.4)

    Exceptional items 3.0 30.9 11.6 40.3 60.6

    Share-based compensation 9.3 14.9 11.7 16.2 8.1

    Other losses / (gains)net 16.5 0.1 4.6 11.6 (0.7)

    Unwind of discount(1)

    0.7 3.4 8.9 9.3 12.4

    Tax effect of above adjustments (1.0) (14.6) (7.6) (24.1) (18.0)

    Adjusted Earnings attributable tonon-controlling interests

    (16.3) (58.2) (39.8) (35.1) (9.7)

    Adjusted Earnings 115.2 144.9 184.8 141.2 248.4

    1. Unwind of discount represents the non-cash unwinding of discount, recorded through finance costs net in the income statement, primarily in relation to our share buyback liability.

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    22/23

    \ 22

    Definitions

    Revenue growth

    We measure revenue growth in terms of organic revenue growth, acquisition related revenue growth and foreign currency impact on revenuegrowth. We define these components as follows:

    OrganicRevenue growth from continuing operations from factors other than acquisitions and foreign currency fluctuations. We derive organic

    revenue growth from the development of new products and services, increased penetration of existing products and services to new and existingcustomers, price changes for our products and services and market driven factors such as increased trading volumes or changes in customerassets under management.

    Acquisition relatedRevenue growth from acquired businesses through the end of the fiscal year following the fiscal year in which theacquisition was completed. This growth results from our strategy of making targeted acquisitions that facilitate growth by complementing ourexisting products and services and addressing market opportunities.

    Foreign currencyThe impact on revenue growth resulting from the difference between current revenue at current exchange rates and currentrevenue at the corresponding prior period exchange rates.

    Revenue by type

    Revenue by type is how we classify the income recognised from the sale of our products and services into three groups as defined below:Recurring fixed revenueRevenue generated from contracts specifying a fixed fee for services delivered over the life of the contract. The fixedfee is typically paid annually, semiannually or quarterly in advance. These contracts are typically subscription contracts where the revenue isrecognised across the life of the contract. The initial term of these contracts can range from one to five years and usually includes auto-renewalclauses.

    Recurring variable revenueRevenue derived from contracts that specify a fee for services which is typically not fixed. The variable fee istypically paid monthly in arrears. Recurring variable revenue is based on, among other factors, the number of trades processed, assets undermanagement or the number of positions we value. Many of these contracts do not have a maturity date while the remainder have an initial termranging from one to five years.

    Non-recurring revenueRevenue that relates to certain software license sales and the associated consulting revenue.

    Other Non-IFRS Measures

    Adjusted EBITDAis defined as profit for the period from continuing operations before income taxes, net finance costs, depreciation andamortisation on fixed assets and intangible assets (including acquisition related intangible assets), acquisition related items, exceptional items,share-based compensation and net other gains or losses and excluding Adjusted EBITDA attributable to non-controlling interests.

    Adjusted EBITDA margin is defined as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue, excluding revenue attributable to non-controlling interests.

    LTM Adjusted EBITDAis defined as Adjusted EBITDA for the previous twelve month period from date reported

    Adjusted Earnings is defined as profit for the period from continuing operations before amortisation of acquired intangibles, acquisition relateditems, exceptional items, share-based compensation, net other gains or losses and unwind of discount, less the tax effect of these adjustmentsand excluding Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interests.

    Adjusted EPS diluted is defined as Adjusted Earnings divided by the weighted average number of shares issued and outstanding, diluted.

  • 8/11/2019 DB Technology Conference Markit CEO Presentation Final 9-9-14 v001 r0fn7m

    23/23

    minesdata,

    poolsintelligence,

    surfacesinformation,

    enablestransparency,buildsplatforms,

    providesaccess,

    scalesvolume,

    extendsnetworks,& transforms business.