Dayo Montalbo BRT in the Philippines for HCMC -E

8/11/2019 Dayo Montalbo BRT in the Philippines for HCMC -E

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Improving Public Transport:

BRT Development in the

PhilippinesCresencio “Dayo” Montalbo Jr.

Assoc. Professor, School of Urban & Regional Planning

Faculty Fellow, National Center for Transportation Studies

University of the Philippines

Asian Public Policy Center Conference

Ho Chin Minh Cty, Vietnam

June 5-6, 20141

Outline of Presentation

Urban transport situation

Comparison of mass transit options

Lessons from international experience

BRT as public transport reform

BRT development in Philippine cities Opportunities & Challenges for BRT in the Philippines

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Traffic Congestion

Environment

Energy

Urban transport problems

Huge investments and long

implementations times for rail-basedsystems

Road Safety

P105B (2.6% of GDP)

BRT as alternative mass

transit system

Public Transport Quality

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Lloyd Wright

BRT is a surface metro sy stem

that can b e del ivered at a

f ract ion of the co st of rai l .

• Segregated, median buswayswith median stations

• Pre-board fare collection andfare verification

•

Free transfers betweencorridors

• Competitively bid concessions

• High frequency service and lowstation dwell times, adherenceto set SCHEDULE

• Clean bus technologies

• Modal integration

• Identity & Image

• Incremental Development

What is BRT?

Some Features

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Source: GTZ, BRT

Planning Guide

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The economics of mass transit

426 kilometers of BRT!

14 kilometers of elevated rail

Source: Lloyd Wright

How much transitdoes Php 43 billion(US$ 1 billion) buy?

7 kilometers of subway/ metro

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Lessons from international experience

Lagos’ BRT Lite

Johannasburg’s Rea Vaya

Jakarta’s TransJakarta

Delhi Busway

Ahmeddabad’s Janmarg

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Lessons learned

Political, governance, and planning context

Institutional issues

Meaningful public transport reform

Institutional capacity, structures, organizations

Need for identified corridors

Need for champions from various sectors

Public transport system integration

Integration with other modes including NMT is indispensable

Process begins with user needs identification, understanding of travel demand,

development of service plan, and identification of needed infrastructure

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BRT planning process

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Lessons learned (2)

Operating arrangements

Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) manages the day-to-day operations of the system

while outsourcing different aspects of operations to qualified entities

Bus services usually provided by qualified bus operators some of which are

incumbent operators, paid on gross-cost contract

Entirely different business model!

Finance

Infrastructure provided by the government

Buses provided by operators who are paid on gross-cost contract

Recurring costs from farebox & other sources

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Lessons learned (3)

Communications

Need to make people understand BRT and its benefits

Different messages for different audiences

Sense of ownership & sense of accountability

Branding

Captures and conveys BRT’s message

Represents an image and a promise

Aims to erase stigma of public transport use

There are “soft” aspects of BRT that shape its

sustainability aside from physical infrastructure.11

BRT as Public Transport Reform

Not just a new mass transit system

Creates opportunities for meaningful public transport reform

Capacity development of institutions

Integration with other public transport modes

Attainment of order from erstwhile chaos

Improvement of public transport system

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BRT Development in the Philippines

Cebu City

Metro Manila

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TransCebu

A segregated busway between Bulacao and Ayala Mall

Stations and terminals along the segregated busway route

A depot for the garaging of buses designated to operate as BRT services

An Area Traffic Control (ATC) System to facilitate priority run times within thecorridor and give city wide benefits of improved traffic flow

An open service plan that ensures that while infrastructure is limited to thatbetween Bulacao and Ayala, BRT services operate beyond this. Specifically inthe case of Ayala Mall to Talamban where bus passage will be facilitated bybus priority measures where required and where achievable within theconfines of the roadway.

Traffic management measures to improve traffic flow outside of the corridorthat are seen to complement the BRT and maximize its impact

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The Cebu City BRT Project

Segregated busway: Bulacao – CBD -

Ayala Mall

BRT services operating to:

SRP

Talamban

Tabunok/Talisay

City Wide Area Traffic Control

Traffic management

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Service Plan

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Interchange with jeepneys

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TransCebu (2)

Parking management measures that will similarly complement BRT and

improve traffic flow

Interchange improvements to offer enhancement to the level of service

received by all public transport passengers irrespective of whether they use

BRT or not

Urban planning improvements consisting of public realm enhancements andenhanced integration of transport and land use.

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Station lay-out

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Cebu BRT Project Objectives

Improved mobility of people in Cebu

Viable and sustainable BRT

More efficient travel

Revitalised urban area along BRT

corridor More environment-friendly travel

Safer travel

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Metro Manila Corridor Improvement Project

Source: Google Earth 2012

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Scheme Objectives

To offer significant improvement in public transport and accessibility – betterlevel of service efficiently delivered

To implement in short time period – at least start by 2016

Why Quezon Avenue

Relatively wide

High public transport use

Only two LGU’s

Integration with MRT

No major ‘issues’

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• Just 1 PUB service• Operated by 25 different companies

• Consisting of 258 vehicles (50:50 A/C non

A/C)

PUB Service directlyimpacting upon thecorridor

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Scheme Concept (Quality+Deliverability)

Work with PUV services that offer direct competition:

9 PUJ routes (361 operators and 430 units)

1 PUB route (25 operators and 258 buses)

Infrastructure where most needed: Philcoa - Manila City Hall

….. but services running from Fairview (north of the segregated

portion) to prevent the need for passenger interchange

Infrastructure within existing ‘Right of Way’

Retention of as many trees as possible.

Manage key risk elements:

Social impact

Environmental impact

Acquisition issues

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Between Philcoa and Manila CityHall a high level of physicalsegregation

Underpass for express

Emphasis on key interchanges

Station spacing related to

delivery and role of residual

PUJ network

Between Philcoa and Fairview Mix with traffic

Stop improvements

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Phased Implementation

At outset just 9 PUJ routes and 1 PUB route affected

PUJ still have a role

As congestion degrades run times of PUJ/PUB priority bus

becomes more attractive

Infrastructure upgrade at/around year 10

Additional stations Passing lanes at stations

To replace ALL existing PUV

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Opportunities & Challenges for BRT in

the Philippines

Opportunities

Recognition of BRT as part of the government’s National Environmentally

Sustainable Transport (NEST) Framework

Availability of funds for planning & development

Opportunities for private sector participation

Need and desire for quicker solutions

Vibrant and lively social media

Challenges

Constant need to change people’s mindsets

Traditional preference for expensive and slow-to-implement mass transit solutions

Lack of understanding of land use-transport integration benefits

Conflicts with the private car sector28



Are we ready for BRT?

We do not inherit the earth from

our ancestors,

we borrow it from our children.

~Native American Proverb

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Documents

Dayo Montalbo BRT in the Philippines for HCMC -E