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Day Three: Listening, Ethics & Free Speech, Evaluating Speeches
by Yana Cornish
Hamilton Business College
Homework Assignment due next class session:
Read Chapters 3 & 4 Put together Informative Survey: Select 3 topics for your informative
speech (first 10 minute speech) Compose three questions about
each topic Type it up and bring to class
Speak Ethically Good speakers accept and practice ethical communication Good speakers understand that their own credibility and the believability of their messages depends on audience members seeing them as honest, ethical speakers.The audience is more likely to believe what you say if they see you as an ethical speaker.
Ethics and Free Speech
Ethical speaker – has a clear, responsible
goal uses evidence and
reasoning is sensitive to and tolerant
of differences is honest avoids plagiarism (stealing
ideas)
Speaking Ethically
Have a Clear, Responsible Goal: No Hidden Agenda Not Coercive Not Inflammatory Gives Listeners Choices
Speaking Ethically
Use Sound Evidence and Reasoning: Critical Thinking No Manipulation of Emotions Share All Information
Speaking Ethically
Be Sensitive to and Tolerant of Differences: Accommodation Willingness to Listen Avoidance of Biased and Offensive Language
Speaking EthicallyAvoid Plagiarism:
Plagiarism occurs when a speaker passes off the original ideas or research of another person as their own. Plagiarism is Stealing Patchwork Plagiarism Less Obvious Penalties for Plagiarism Cite your sources
Questions About Ethics
Will your audience benefit from your speech?Have you used the information you gathered about your audience to serve them or deceive them?Are you using the setting and facilities responsibly?
Questions About Ethics
Have you used valid information to support your key points?Have you used a clear organizational pattern to highlight important topics?Are you using an honest communication style, or are you acting out a false role?
The Listening Process
Select – single out information from several competing messages Attend – select incoming information for further processing Understand – assign meaning to the stimuli to which you attend Remember – recall ideas and information
Effective ListeningGood listening is a critical communication skill, whether you are giving a speech or in the audience.There is a difference between hearing and listening.Learn to listen and adjust to the audience.
Effective Listening Habits
Plan to listen - find a personal reason to listen, do some prior study.Overcome distractions - it is your right to have a quiet, comfortable room, free of distractions.Listen for the big idea - identify the main ideas and listen for information about each.
Effective Listening Habits
“Listen” to Nonverbal Behavior- pay attention to tone of voice, facial expression, eye contact, posture, and level of energy.Listen before you jump to conclusions- don’t make judgments about a speaker until you listen and try to understand them.
Listening ActivityGroup work: Read and report in classGroup 1: Ch. 4 – barriers to listeningGroup 2: Ch. 4 – listening & critical thinkingGroup 3: Ch. 4 – becoming a better listenerReading- 5 minutesDiscussion- 10 minutesPresentation- 3-5 minutes
•Speak clearly with volume
•Overcome distractions
•Emphasize main ideas
•Adjust to feedback
•Adapt to cultures and backgrounds
•Give audience members a reason to listen
Adapting to your audience
Adjust to Audience Feedback
Make mid-presentation adjustments according to these questions:Do audience members appear to be listening?Do they understand what I’m saying or seem confused?
EvaluationPurpose:- Specific, achievable, relevantAudience: - adapts to the demographic characteristics, interests, knowledge, and attitudes of the audienceLogistics: - adjust to the audience size, facilities, equipment, and timeContent: - sufficient and valid supporting material
EvaluationOrganization: - key points are clearly arranged and connectedCredibility: - speaker appears to be confident and charismaticPerformance:- visual aids, vocal and physical delivery are effective
Criteria for Evaluating Speeches
Message Understood by Audience Message Achieves Intended Purpose Message is Ethical
Giving Feedback to Others
Be Descriptive Be Specific Be Positive Be Constructive
Be Sensitive
Be Reliable
Giving Feedback to Yourself
Reinforce Your Skills and Abilities Evaluate Your Effectiveness Identify Areas for Improvement
Homework Assignment due next class session:
Read Chapters 3 & 4 Put together Informative Survey: Select 3 topics for your informative
speech (first 10 minute speech) Compose three questions about
each topic Type it up and bring to class