Day OneS7L1- Students will investigate the diversity of

living organisms and how they can be compared scientifically.a. demonstrate the process for the development of a dichotomous key.b. Classify organisms based on a six-kingdom system and a dichotomous key.

• NUTS & Bolts Activity C (10 minutes)Choose one of the items from the bag. Pretend it is something

nobody has ever seen before. You want to describe it to someone on the phone. You cannot say “it’s a nail.” But you can say the shaft or stem is “shaped like a miniature pencil.”

Draw your item in your Interactive Notebook and write your description (in complete sentences.)

***Bell Ringer***

• NUTS & Bolts Activity A (15 min)Your group will be handed a bag with assorted nuts and bolts. Sort these objects into groups

based on specific physical characteristics. Examples might be:Each object in this group…1. has a hole in the middle or does not have a hole in the middle2. has a threaded shaft or does not have a threaded shaft3. has a four-sided head or a six-sided head4. has a pointy tip or has a flat tip5. has a rounded (mushroom) head or has a flat head.6. has indented grooves on top or has no grooves on top7. has indented grooves in a cross pattern on the top or has a single slot on the top8. has a shaft is more than twice the width of the head or shaft is less than twice the width of

the shaft.9. has a rough, silver or gray coating or is smooth and silver with no coating

***activator***

Classification Notes One

Scientists classify living organisms into categories based mostly on their physical characteristics. The largest of these categories is the organization of Kingdom. The five kingdoms of living organisms from least complex to most complex are:

•Kingdom Monera- bacteria and cyanobacteria

•Kindom Archaea- bacteria-like unicellular organisms that oftern inhabit extreme habitats.

•Kingdom Protista- the simplest eukaryotic organisms. Most are single cell. Some live in colonies and are multicellular.

•Kingdom Fungi- mushrooms, yeast, and molds. Can be single cell or multi-cellular.

•Kingdom Plantae- the plant kingdom.

•Kingdom Animalia- the animals

Classification helps scientists characterize traits and specifics on organisms.

We use classification to put all of earth’s known organisms into group and families.

Dichotomous Keys help us to figure out what genus and species an animal falls under.

For example, if a new organism was discovered, a scientist would go through a Dichotomous Key to try to find out the subject’s kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

• Classification makes everyday life easier by putting organisms in a useful system.

• Classification helps us to group the organisms we live with every day.

• Classification also lets us have a system for reference and will continue to help as we study the organisms around us.

Each kingdom is broken down into further categories. To remember these categories you need to remember that

King Phillip’s Class Ordered his Family Genius to Speak.

Speak, oh wise one.

We order you to speak, oh wise one.

Human Gorilla

Kingdom Animal Animal

Phylum Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia

Order Primate Primate

Family Homindae Pongidae

Genus Homo Gorilla

Species sapiens gorilla

Spider Monkey

Animal

Chordata

Mammalia

Primate

Atelidae

Ateles

aniscus

Orangutan

Animal

Chordata

Mammalia

Primate

Pongidae

Pongo

abelii

An organism’s scientific taxonomic name (binomial nomenclature) is its Genus (capitalized) and its species (lower case.) Orangutans are Pongo abelii. Spider monkeys are Ateles aniscus. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2VVKynG3C1g

Human Gorilla

Kingdom Animal Animal

Phylum Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia

Order Primate Primate

Family Homindae Pongidae

Genus Homo Gorilla

Species sapiens gorilla

Spider Monkey

Animal

Chordata

Mammalia

Primate

Atelidae

Ateles

aniscus

Orangutan

Animal

Chordata

Mammalia

Primate

Pongidae

Pongo

abelii

-At what point in their taxonomy do apes, humans, and monkeys begin to differentiate?-Which of the four animals listed are in the same Family?-What is the scientific name for the gorilla?

Black Rat House Mouse Beaver

Kingdom Animal Animal Animal

Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia

Order Rodentia Rodentia Rodentia

Family Muridae Muridae Castoridae

Genus Rattus Mus Castor

Species rattus musculus canadensis

-What is the scientific name (binomial nomenclature) for the common house mouse?-What is its species?-Black rats and house mice are in the same___________ but are different ______.

tomato Bell pepper potato

Kingdom Plantae Plantae Plantae

Division Magnoliophyta Magnoliophyta Magnoliophyta

Class Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida

Order Solonales Solonales Solonales

Family Solanaceae Solanaceae Solanaceae

Genus Solanum Capsicum Solanum

Species lycopersicum annuum tuberosum

In the Plant Kingdom, plants are divided into Divisions rather than Phyla.

-These three plants are in the same ____________. -Which of the two plants are the most closely related? Tomatoes and potatoes because they are in the same genus.

King Phillip’s Class Ordered his Family Genius to Speak.Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Speak

Or if you are a plant… King David’s Class Ordered his Family Genius to Speak.

Practice Questions1. The scientific name/classification of blacktail deer

is Odocoileus hemionus. What is its species? A. Odocoileus B. hemionus C. animal

hemionus

2. The scientific name for a whitetail deer is Odocoileus virginianus. What genus is this animal a member of?A. Odocoileus B. virginianus C. animal

Odocoileus

3. The species of animals listed below are all members of the same ________________________.

Kingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:ChordataClass:MammaliaOrder:CarnivoraFamily:FelidaeGenus:PantheraSpecies:P. onca

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Felidae

Genus: Panthera

Species: P. pardus

Mountain Lion (Panther) Jaguar (S. America) African Leopard

f. ALL of these. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, and Family.

a. Kingdom b. Order c. Family d. Phylum e. Class f. ALL of these to the left

4. Organisms that are in the same class will also be in the same_____________.a. Genusb. Phylumc. Familyd. Species

5. Which of these is in the correct order?e. phylum-class-order-species-kingdom-family-genusf. kingdom-species-phylum-genus-order-class-familyg. kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-speciesh. Order-class-phylum-genus-species-kingdom-family

6. Which of these species of animals are most closely related?

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Felidae

Genus: Panthera

Species: P. pardus

Mountain Lion (Panther) Bengal Tiger African Leopard

a. Panther & Leopard b. Tiger & Panther c. Leopard & Tiger

Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CarnivoraFamily: FelidaeSubfamily: PantherinaeGenus: PantheraSpecies: Panthera tigris

Meadow vole California Kangaroo Rat

Florida Packrat

Kingdom Animal Animal Animal

Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia

Order Rodentia Rodentia Rodentia

Family Critecidae Heteromidae Cricetidae

Genus Microtus Dipodomys Neotoma

Species pennsylvanicus californicus floridana

7. Which of these two animals are most closely related?a. Kangaroo Rat & Vole b. Kangaroo Rat & Packrat c. Vole & Packrat

Meadow vole California Kangaroo Rat

Florida Packrat

Kingdom Animal Animal Animal

Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia

Order Rodentia Rodentia Rodentia

Family Critecidae Heteromidae Cricetidae

Genus Microtus Dipodomys Neotoma

Species pennsylvanicus californicus floridana

7. Which order are these three animals in?a. Animalia b. Chordata c. Mammalia d. Rodentia

8. These animals are in the same ____________ but are in different _____________.

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Carnivora

Family: Felidae

Genus: Panthera

Species: P. pardus

Mountain Lion (Panther) Bengal Tiger African Leopard

a. species, classes b. family, genus c. kingdom, families d. kingdom, classes

Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CarnivoraFamily: FelidaeSubfamily: PantherinaeGenus: PantheraSpecies: Panthera tigris