DAY 7

ECE Stand 4 Obj 1 / CDA Goal #3

SGQ: IV A 8-10Learning, questioning, and transitions

8. What is positive Questioning?• Also known as Open ended questioning• Asking the children a question that requires a response of

more than a yes or no answer.• Using the 5 W’s (Who, what, where, when, why, and

How) to begin a question so that the child can answer with more than 1 word.

• Ways to ask the children what they are learning. These aren’t in the form of the test but more in a way that children feel comfortable and are able to let you know what they are learning. • Sometimes this could be as simple of having them draw a

picture about the things that they have learned.

OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS: • What are you observing?

– Look at the cream in the jar.• What happens when you ….?• What do you think will happen if….• How did you do that?• I wonder how _______ works?• How could you group these?• What can you do to make that happen?• How does it look the same or different than it did yesterday?• What can you change to make ___ work/happen out?• When did this happen? What happened afterward?• I don’t know either. Let’s see if we can find out

CLOSED-ENDED QUESTIONS: – Answering the question for the child.– Simple Single word answers or Yes and No

answers.• What color is it?• What shape is it?• Do you like to look at the fish? • Is that your favorite toy?

9. What is a transition?

• Something that encourages children to move from one activity to another. – Concrete, Visual, Auditory, and Novelty

• Music is a very effective auditory transition.• Visual tactics are also effective.

10. The importance of Problem Solving techniques to support DAP.

• Create activities that are going to promote the children’s growth not only physically and mentally but in problem solving techniques as well.

• When planning activities try to make it fun for the children. Keep in mind though that they need to DAP for the children as well. It should be something that is going to help spark their interest in the activities.

DAY 8

ECE Stand 5 Obj 2/ CDA Goal #2 SGQ: V B 1-4

Language, math, and music

1. Activities for learning centers should be

• A. DAP• B. DAP• C. DAP

Langauge and Literacy

• Include fingerplays, stories, etc. that will help to promote the language development of young children.

• Show and tell

Appropriate story for a preschoolerInfants and Toddlers

2 year old 3 year old 4 year old 5 year old

Thick pagesLarge Bright picturesFamiliar objectsSensory

Familiar experiences & objectsImitates familiar soundsFamiliar plotsLarge bright pictures

Familiar experiences & objectsOther People and things outside of the homeRepetitive sounds and words.

Explain how and why.Include exaggeration, silly, and humor in reality.Pictures tell the storyContain new words.

Same as a 4 year old plus:Add new knowledgeFamiliar factsFantasy trips beyond their world

3 year old is distracted and noisy during story time?

2. Math

• Include sequencing, sorting, etc. that is going to promote math in a fun and encouraging way for young children.

• What is a DAP appropriate way to help a child learn to count? (one to one correspondence)

• Define classification / Sorting.• Blocks develop math concepts such as:

– Sequencing, spatial awareness, colors, shapes, sorting, counting, measuring, pattern, seriation

3. Music and Movement

• Singing, instruments, and movement• Many different concepts can be taught.

– Rhythm, tempo, dynamics, melody/harmony– Fine and gross motor skills

• Often times they are used as a transition from one activity to the next.

Choosing Music and Movement• Remember the child’s age, abilities, experiences, and

interests.• Include repetitive phrases and movements, attractive

rhythms, simple lyrics.• Learning the words and the moves are the least

important part.• Movement should allow for exploration of how the

body moves, experiment with rhythms, express ideas and feelings, and learn how movement relates to space.

DAY 9

ECE Stand 5 Obj 2/ CDA Goal #2 SGQ: V B 4-7

Art, free play (fine and gross / indoor and outdoor), dramatic play

4. ART

• All art is fine motor, but not all fine motor is art.• Help to encourage complex thinking and

development of children. Help them to create their own ideas and interpretations.

Children learn best by doing. Give some examples of DAP art activities

• What are wet art activities?– Why a good DAP learning experience?

• What are dry art activities?– Why a good DAP learning experience?

• The daycare you are considering often has the children color in coloring books.– As a DAP educator, what do you think about this

practice?– Why?

STAGES OF ART• Scribbling:

– Begins at 18 months, usually zig zags, by age 3 uses shapes in scribbling.

STAGES OF ART: Cont’d• Pre-schematic:

– 4 year olds try to represent things– Colors are not realistic.

STAGES OF ART: Cont’d• Schematic:

– About age 7 – like to represent forms.

STAGES OF ART: Cont’d• Schematic continued:

– Sex differences at this age.• What do boys draw? What do girls draw?

STAGES OF ART: Cont’d• Realism:

– About age 9, smaller, more details, don’t want to show work, often get discouraged. Why?

Play is a child’s WORK, the most important work they will ever do.

• Adult’s work is WORK• Student’s work is SCHOOL• Child’s work is PLAY and they do it all day long!

Types of Play

1. Free Play is when children have no restrictions, but endless possibilities with the area, props, and supplies they are surrounding with.• Why should toys be limited during free play?

– Too many toys can be overwhelming and cause a child to lose interest due to the stress of options.

1. Passive PLAY

• Having no interaction with others. – All children need this,

but keep it limited.• Watching TV, Reading,

computer, video games, Daydreaming, musical instrument, coloring….

3. Sensory Motor / Discovery Play

• Using senses and fine motor skills to learn. – If they use all 5 senses

at the same time, they will learn best.

• Play dough, sand, water, finger paint, rice bucket, listening activities…

4. Dramatic / Make-believe/ Pretend

• Situations that teach real life and allow a child to express themselves and their emotions.

T H I N K O F I T A S A S TA G E W H E R E T H E C H I L D E N T E R S A N D I M M E D I AT E LY TA K E S O N A R O L E .

• Examples:– Playing house, doctor, store, school, hair salon, post office, etc…– Acting out stories from a book

• Brown Bear, Brown Bear– Puppets

• Play , Group time, and Transitions

DAP Benefits of Dramatic Play• Allows children to learn about and experience their world and the people

in it.Teaches about occupations and roles and how to do them in real life.

• Provides an outlet for the child’s inner thoughts and feelings.– The self conscious child can hide behind A puppet or a character and act out

feelings or be anything.– They may say things to or through a puppet that they would not say to anyone

else.• Develops problem solving skills, cause and effect, decision making,

autonomy, and self-image.• Practice language development, verbal expression, and social interaction.

– Plot development, character role, puppetry

5. Active, Rough and Tumble, Gross Motor Outdoor PLAY

• Large (Gross) Motor = using the large muscles in the body• This looks like running around or fighting, but it is a great

release of energy and builds physical and social skills.• Included daily as part of the curriculum

– Teaches healthy habits of activity• Skippin, sports, play sword fight, wrestle, chase, playground,

games,…

Small (Fine) Motor

Includes Manipulative activitiesbeads, puzzles, shaving cream…

Includes Building and constructionplay dough, blocks,…

If you have puzzles in your preschool, make sure they have all of the pieces or get rid of them.

All play and MOST learning centers should be:

– Child Directed– Child Initiated– Teacher Supported

• Large group activities and circle team are great practice for a child to learn Teacher directed and teacher initiated skills.

• Teacher still needs to be aware of the children's needs.