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Network Topologies
Physical topologies describe how the cables are run in the networkA topology is a way of laying out the network
Physical Topologies
Bus Star Ring Mesh HybridLogical Technology
Logical technology describe how the data or network messages travelEthernetToken RingFDDIBus Topology
In the bus topology, the network nodes (computers, printers, and other devices connected together to share information) are connected to a common backbone cableBus Topology
Advantages of Bus Topology
Works well for small networks Inexpensive to implement on a small scale Requires less cable Easy to add another workstationDisadvantages of Bus Topology
Management costs often too high Difficult to isolate a malfunctioning node or cable segment and associated connectors Possible for defective node to take down the entire network Subject to congestion from network trafficStar Topology
The star topology is a network configured with a central hub and individual cable segments connected to the hub, resembling the shape of a star. A hub is a central device used in the star topology that joins single cable segments or individual LANs into one network.Star Topology
Hub
Advantages of Star Topology
Easier to manage than a bus Easier to locate node and cable problems Easier to expand than a bus or ring, especially for enterprise networking Well suited for expansion into high-speed networking More equipment optionsDisadvantages of Star Topology
Susceptible to a single point of failure Requires more network cable at the start than a busRing Topology
A ring topology is a network in the shape of a ring or circle, with nodes connected around the ring.Ring Topology
Ring
Ring Topology (LAN)
Redundant ring to avoid network failure
Repeaters at each component Unidirectional transmission links Closed loopTypically usedAdvantages of Ring Topology
Easier to manage than a bus Easier to locate node and cable problems Good over long distances Handles high-volume traffic well Very reliableDisadvantages of Ring Topology
Requires more network cable and equipment at the start than a bus Not as many equipment options as for a bus Not as widely used as the bus topologyHybrid (Bus-Star)
Hub
Hub
Mesh Environment
Every device interconnected Most expensive Most Fault tolerant Cable fault tolerant Device fault tolerant The Internet is Mesh TopologyMesh Topology
Figure 2-9