Day 01 SAP Overview and Functional Overview

7/24/2019 Day 01 SAP Overview and Functional Overview

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ERP / SAP Overview



2

Chapter 1 SAP R/3 Concepts

Chapter 2 Client / Server Architecture

Chapter 3 Process / Threads Concepts

Chapter4 Process / Threads Continued

Chapter 5 essa!e Service" CP#$C"

R%C" E&# Overview

Chapter ' SAP Concepts



3

C(APTER 1

SAP R/3 Concepts



4

Sales and

Distribution

Finance and

Controlling

Human

Resources

Production

Planning

Materials

Management

)hat &oes SAP R/3 &o*



5

SAP R/3 +asis So,tware Is the

-iddleware. o, the R/3 Sste0

External

Computing

environment

R/3 Basis

components

!middle"are#$

Re%uest &or

computing

resources

UNIX



'

Hard"are and 'perating S(stem

S)P R/3 Basis So&t"are

The R/3 +asis Sste0

ProductionPlanning

Materials

ManagementFinance and

Controlling

Sales and

Distribution

Human

Resources



o!ical roupin!s or -aers.

o,SAP R/3 Co0ponents

*+e Database ,a(er

*+ose S)P R/3 so&t"are components t+at

speciali-e in t+e management . storage and

retrieval o& data &orm t+e Database ,a(er

*+e )pplication ,a(er


speciali-e in processing business

applications &orm t+e )pplication ,a(er

*+e Presentation ,a(er


speciali-e in interacting "it+ end0users

&orm t+e Presentation ,a(er



Three$Tiered Client/Server Architecture -o!ical aers.


collects user input and

creates process requests.


collects user input and

creates process requests.


uses the application logic of

SAP programs to collect and

process the process requests.


uses the application logic of

SAP programs to collect and

process the process requests.

*+e Database ,a(er

stores and retrieves all data.

*+e Database ,a(er

stores and retrieves all data.

CommunicationCommunication



reside in1 reside in1reside in1

Phsical &istri6ution o, R/37s

o!ical aers

Database ,a(ercomponents

)pplication ,a(ercomponents

)pplication servers1

Speciali-ed s(stems

multiple CP2s and

vast amounts o& R)M

)pplication servers1

Speciali-ed s(stems

multiple CP2s and

vast amounts o& R)M

Presentation servers1

S(stems capable o&

providing a

grap+ical inter&ace

Presentation servers1

S(stems capable o&

providing a

grap+ical inter&ace

Presentation ,a(ercomponents

Database servers1

Speciali-ed s(stems

"it+ &ast and large

+ard drives

Database servers1

Speciali-ed s(stems

"it+ &ast and large

+ard drives



18

C(APTER 2Client/ Server

Architecture



11

Client/Server &e,inedPC So&t"are program S)P Client Server So&t"are

MS Excel components

) B C

Presentation ,a(er

)pplication ,a(er

Database ,a(er



12

*+e Database ,a(er

components are installed on

one +ig+0end database server


components are installed

across one or more+ig+0end servers

Phsical &istri6ution o, R/37s Three

aered Client/Server Architecture

Presentation ,a(er components are installed across man( PCs



13

R/37s Client/Server

Con,i!urationsCentralisticCentralistic

Computer

!)#

Presentation ,a(er )pplication ,a(er Database ,a(er



14

R/37s Client/Server

Con,i!urations


Distributed PresentationDistributed Presentation

Computer

!)0n#

Computer

!)0#

Computer

!)04#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!B#



15

*"o0tier Client/Server *"o0tier Client/Server

Computer

!B#

R/37s Client/Server

Con,i!urations

Computer

!)0n#

Computer

!)0#

Computer

!)04#

Computer

!)#




1'

*+ree0tier Client/Server *+ree0tier Client/Server

R/37s Client/Server

Con,i!urations

Computer

!C#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!B#

Computer

!B#

Computer

!B#




1

Computer !)04#

Computer

!)0#

Computer !)0n#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!B04#

Computer

!B0n#

Computer

!B#

R/37s ulti$Tier" Cooperative

Client/Server Con,i!urationMulti0tier. cooperative Client/Server Multi0tier. cooperative Client/Server

Computer

!C#

Computer

!C0n#




1

R/37s ulti$Tier" Cooperative

Client/Server Con,i!uration


Computer

!C0n#Computer

!B0n#

Computer !B04#

Computer

!B04#

Computer

!)#

Computer

!)04#

Computer

!)0#

Computer

!)0n#

Computer

!C#



1

E9a0ple co0ponents o, SAP:#;

< SAP +usiness raphics

< SAP (ierarch raphics

< SAP Push6utton raphics

< SAP Statistical raphics

< SAP antt Chart raphics< SAP (P &ispla

< SAP =etwor> raphics

< SAP Port,olio raphics

< SAP +ar Chart raphics

< SAP Structural raphics

SAP:#;

The Presentation aer So,tware

Presentation ,a(er So&t"are1 S)P526



28

E9chan!in! &ata 6etween the

Presentation and Applicationaers

)pplication ,a(er So&t"are1

R/3 Runtime S(stem

Presentation ,a(er

So&t"are1 S)P526

4 to 7ilob(tes



21

+usiness TransactionsBusiness *ransaction FD8!C+ange customer in&ormation#

Screen 4

Screen

Complete transaction 9



22

+usiness Transactions

and the R/3 Runti0e Sste0

Screen 4Screen

R/3 Runtime S(stem

: ,'C7 business ob;ect !<=># t+en.

: Prepare to !R',,B)C7# i& necessar(



23

C(APTER 3Process" Thread Concepts

$ An #ntroduction



24

Processes

Process) Process is essentiall(

a program Eac+ process+as memor( and access

to s(stem resources

) Process is essentiall(

a program Eac+ process+as memor( and access

to s(stem resources



25

Threads

Process

*+read 4*+read 4 *+read *+read *+read 3*+read 3

) *+read is t+e actual component

o& a process t+at is executing at

one time Eac+ t+read is capableo& completing a di&&erent tas? t+at

it@s process re%uests

) *+read is t+e actual component

o& a process t+at is executing at

one time Eac+ t+read is capableo& completing a di&&erent tas? t+at

it@s process re%uests



2'

The ?ernel

CP2

Process

'S 7ernel'S 7ernel

Process

Process



2

S)P

)or> Processes and the

&ispatcher

Dialog 2pdate En%ueue Spool Bac?ground

CP2'S 7ernel'S 7ernel

S)P Dispatc+er S)P Dispatc+er ) component o& t+e S)P

7ernel called t+e Dispatc+er

must manage process

access to t+e 'S ?ernel

) component o& t+e S)P

7ernel called t+e Dispatc+er

must manage process

access to t+e 'S ?ernel



2

C(APTER 4

Process" Thread Concepts in R/3$ #n &etail



2

The R/3 Runti0e Sste0Dispatc+er

Dialog 2pdate Spool Bac?ground

)pplication

Server !)#

Dispatc+er

En%ueueDialog 2pdate Spool Bac?ground

Database

Server

Dispatc+er )pplication

Server !B#Dialog 2pdate Spool Bac?ground



38

&ispatcher

Dispatc+er

2SER 42SER 4

2SER 2SER

2SER 32SER 3

2SER A2SER A



31

)or> Processes

2pdate En%ueue Spool Bac?ground

or Batc+

Dialog



32

&ispatcher in Action

Dispatc+er

Presentation level

)pplication level

arious t(pes o&processing re%uests

Re%uest

%ueues

En%ueue2pdate SpoolDialog Batc+



33

#nside the R/3 Runti0e Sste0

Dispatc+er

arious t(pes o&

processing re%uests

Re%uest

%ueues

Process Re%uest

2ser1 Fred ones

)ctivit(1 Read data <=>

Screen1 4



34

2pdate En%ueue Spool Bac?ground

or Batc+

Dialog

The Code +ehind R/3

Dispatc+er

S)P R/3 *ransactions are

"ritten in )B)P/A. S)P@s At+

generation interpreted

programming language

S)P R/3 Runtime S(stem

is "ritten in )S60C



35


o

k

P

o

*as?

Handler

D=PR' Processor

)B)P/A Processor

m e m o r (



3'


Re%uest

%ueuesDispatc+er

arious t(pes o&

processing re%uests

Process Re%uest

Read data !<=># or

rite data !<=>#



3

Readin! data in the R/3 Sste0

*ransaction

Screen 4

6 "ant to run a

customer report &or

customer 8884

Screen 4

Screen

6 onl( "ant to include

data in m( report t+at

pertains to orders t+at

"ere &illed "it+in t+e

last mont+s

Screen

Screen 3

But onl( &or

product <=>

Screen n



3

*ransaction


Screen 4 Screen Screen n

Re%uest

%ueuesDispatc+er

Process

Re%uest 4

Process

Re%uest

Process

Re%uest 3



3


R/3R/3

Bu&&ersBu&&ers S + a r e d M e m o r ( S e g m e n t s

Re%uestRe%uest

GueuesGueues

D i a l o g

*as?

Handler

D=P

)B)P/A

m e m o r (

Screen 4 Screen Screen n * r a n s a c t i o n

Process Re%uests

Re%uested

data retrieved

&rom t+e R/3

Bu&&ers

A

V

A

L

A

B

L

E

D i a l o g

*as?

Handler

D=P

)B)P/A

m e m o r (

B

S

Y

Dispatc+er Dispatc+er

D i a l o g

*as?

Handler

D=P

)B)P/A

m e m o r (

B

S

Y



48


E x t e n d e d M e m o r

(

ExtendedExtended

Memor(Memor(

Manager Manager

R/3R/3

Bu&&ersBu&&ers S + a r e d M e m o r ( S e g m

e n t s

Dispatc+er Dispatc+er

Re%uestRe%uest

GueuesGueues

*+e process re%uest

&or t+e next screen is

copied do"n

*+e data retrieved

&or t+e last screen

is stored in extended

memor( in an areacalled t+e user

context

D i a l o g

*as?

Handle

r D=P

)B)P/A

m e m o r (

A

V

A

L

A

B

L

E



41

S)P ,ogical 2nit o& or? S)P,2$S)P ,ogical 2nit o& or? S)P,2$

*ransaction


2pdate

SAP o!ical :nit o, )or>



42


*ransaction

2pdate

&istri6ution o, a +usiness

Transaction Across ultiple )Ps

Handled b(1 Handled b(1 Handled b(1 Handled b(1

Dialog B Dialog C 2pdateDialog )




43

Asnchronous :pdatin!;The Online Phase

Dialog CDialog BDialog )


*ransaction

2pdate


Database

Commit

Database

Commit

Database

Commit

B,'5B,'5rite rite rite

*+e 'nline

P+ase o&

an update

ends +ere



44

2pdateDialog CDialog BDialog )


*ransaction

2pdate


Database

Commit

Database

Commit

Database

Commit

B,'5B,'5

Asnchronous :pdatin!;The Postin! Phase

Read

*+e Posting P+ase o& an update starts +ere



45

@+O records

Posting Routine Data 24 Screen 4 o& 3

Posting Routine Data 2 Screen o& 3


B,'5

S ) P , 2

S ) P , 2

Dialog C

Dialog B

Dialog )



4'

Errors during Update Phase



4




(andlin! o, Error Situations

:1 Ter0inationBB,'5

S ) P , 2

S ) P , 2

2pdate

22 44

R',,B)C7

R',,B)C7

6gnored

Dialog C

Dialog B

Dialog )



4

2pdate

S ) P , 2

S ) P , 2

(andlin! o, Error Situations

:2 Ter0inationB




B,'5

22

Continue

Dialog C

Dialog B

Dialog )



4

The Enueue )or> Process

Dialog

En%ueue

Message Service

,oc? Re%uest,oc? Re%uest

,oc? *able



58

The +ac>!round )or> Process

Bac?ground

Bac?ground ob )Bac?ground ob )

Step I 4Step I 4Step I Step I

De&ining a bac?ground ;obDe&ining a bac?ground ;ob



51

The Spool )or> Process

Print

'/S

Spooler

*+e 'perating S(stemspooler assumes t+e

print %ueue management

*+e 'perating S(stemspooler assumes t+e

print %ueue management



52

C(APTER 5essa!e Service" CP#$C" R%C"

E&# Overview



53

Service )

A Service

Process )4 Process )'nline

Re%uesting a particular

&unction or !service#

Re%uesting a particular

&unction or !service#



54

The essa!e Service

'nline

En%ueue

Messageserver

Messageserver

,oc? Re%uest,oc? Re%uest

,oc? *ableMessageService



55

)n external

R/3 S(stem

)n external

R/3 S(stem

5ate"a(server

5ate"a(server

S)P 5ate"a(

Service

The SAP atewa Service

Communication to anexternal R/3 S(stemCommunication to anexternal R/3 S(stem



5'

CP#$C AP#

or? Process or? Process

Example1 or? process communicationExample1 or? process communication



5

Re0ote %unction Calls

on S)P s(stemon S)P s(stem

Example1 Communication "it+ an external s(stemExample1 Communication "it+ an external s(stem



5

E&# Architecture

MM

Customer$

6ntermediate

Document *(pe

ED6 Subs(stem

Communication

SD

endor$

6ntermediate

Document

ED6 Subs(stem



5

C(APTER 'SAP Concepts



'8

An SAP #nstance

S)P Dispatc+er S)P Dispatc+er

or? Processesor? Processes

S)P 6nstanceS)P 6nstance

'perating

S(stem

'perating

S(stem*CP/6P So&t"are*CP/6P So&t"are



'1

En%ue%ueor? Process

An SAP Central #nstance

S)P Dispatc+er S)P Dispatc+er

or? Processesor? Processes

S)P Central 6nstanceS)P Central 6nstance

Perip+eral6nstance !)#

Message

Service

Perip+eral

6nstance !B#'peratingS(stem

'perating

S(stem *CP/6PSo&t"are

*CP/6P

So&t"are



'2

S)P Dispatc+er

or? Processes

S)P 6nstance

'perating

S(stem*CP/6P So&t"are

An SAP Sste0

D)*)B)SE

En%ue%ue

or? Process

S)P

Central

6nstance Message Service

S)P Dispatc+er

or? Processes

'perating

S(stem

*CP/6P

So&t"are

S)P Dispatc+er

or? Processes

S)P 6nstance

'perating

S(stem*CP/6P So&t"are



'3

SAP Servers

S)P Server/ 6nstance

J Dialog or? Processes

3 Bac?ground or?

Processes

4 Spool or? Processes

S)P Server/ 6nstance

3 Dialog or? Processes

J Bac?ground or?

Processes

4 Spool or? Processes



'4

The TC Trainin! Sste0

• J Dialog• 3 Bac?ground• 4 Spool

6nstance ,'C )

ulio

'racle

Database

,ouis

• J Dialog• 3 Bac?ground• 4 Spool

6nstance ,'C B

Clint

• Dialog• Bac?ground• 3 2pdate• 4 En%ueue• 4 Spool• Msg Service

• 5ate"a(

Central 6nstance

,ouis

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Day 01 SAP Overview and Functional Overview