Harvard Medical School Curriculum Vitae

Date Prepared: January 24th 2017

Name: Gregory W. Randolph, M.D., FACS, FACE

Office Address: Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary243 Charles StreetBoston, MA 02114

Home Address: 200 Burgess AvenueWestwood, MA 02090

Work Phone: 617-573-4115

Work E-mail: gregory_randolph@meei.harvard.edu gwrandolph@partners.org

Work Fax: 617-573-3914

Place of Birth: New York, New York

Education:

1982 B.S. With Honors, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York1987 M.D. With Research Honors, Cornell Medical College, New York, New York

Postdoctoral Training:

Year Title Specialty/Discipline Place of Training

1987-1988 Intern General Surgery New York Hospital Cornell Medical Center New York, New York

1988-1992 Resident Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and EarBoston, Massachusetts

1988-1993 Clinical Fellow Otology and Harvard Medical SchoolLaryngology Boston, Massachusetts

1992-1993 Research Fellow Thyroid Oncology Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, Massachusetts

NRSA Research TraineeSponsors: Gil Daniels, MD, Richard Fabian, MDTraining grant T32 DC00020-05

(P.I. Joseph B. Nadol, Jr., MD)

1992-1993 Research and Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear Clinical Fellow Boston, Massachusetts

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Faculty Academic Appointments:

Year Title Institution

1993-2001 Instructor in Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School

2001-2006 Assistant Professor of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Otology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School

2006-2017 Associate Professor of Massachusetts Eye and EarOtology and Laryngology Harvard Medical School

2015-Present Claire and John Bertucci Associate Professor Massachusetts Eye and Ear

of Otology and Laryngology in the Field of Harvard Medical School Thyroid Surgical Oncology, Endowed Chair 2017-Present Professor of Otolaryngology Harvard Medical School

Hospital or Affiliated Institution Appointments:

Year Position Title/Department Institution

1993-2001 Assistant Surgeon in Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear

1995-2003 Consulting Hyperbaric Physician Massachusetts Eye and Ear

1998-Present Clinical Associate in Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalDivision of Surgical Oncology

2001-2005 Associate Surgeon in Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear

2005-Present Surgeon in Otolaryngology Massachusetts Eye and Ear

Other Professional Positions:

Year Position/Title Institution

2009 Invited International Observer European Union Medical Specialists Endocrine Surgery Certifying

Division of Endocrine Surgery (Representing ACS, AAES, AAOHNS)

Major Administrative Leadership Positions:

Local:

Year Position Title Institution

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1993-2004 Director, Thyroid Clinic Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1995-Present Director, General Otolaryngology Service Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1995 Course Director, Harvard CME Course Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary“Primary Care Otolaryngology in the 90’s”

1996-Present Director, Consult Service Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1996-2004 Director, Otolaryngology Medical Walk-in Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1996-Present Course Director, yearly Harvard CME Course Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary“Surgery of Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands”

1999-Present Director of Continuing Medical Education Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

2004-Present Thyroid and Parathyroid Fellowship Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Founder/Director

2004-Present Director, Division of Thyroid and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Parathyroid Surgery

2010-Present President, Joint Medical Staff Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology)

2013-Present Resident Faculty Advisor, MEEI Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Global Surgery Study Group

2013-Present Departmental Coordinator of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Surgical Simulation Training CMS SIM course “Institute for Medical Simulation” 9/24-27/2013

International:

Year Position Title Institution/Location:

2003 Director, International Conference on Endocrine St. Petersburg, Russia Surgery

2006 Co-Director, Geneva Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Geneva, Switzerland International Course on Standards

2006 Co-Director, Endocrine Surgery 2006 - Video Course Catholic University, Romeof Endocrine Surgery.

2007 Leader, AAO-HNS Russian delegation, Moscow and St Petersburg Otolaryngology

2006-Present Founder and Co-director International Neural Monitoring

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Study Group

2009 & 2013 Founding member of Steering Committee World Congress on Thyroid Cancer

2017 Co-Chair World Congress on Cancer 2014 Founding Member of Executive Committee Asia-Pacific Society of Thyroid Surgery 2017 US delegate International Liaison Committee ENT and Audiology News (UK) 2018 Medical Advisory Board Thyroid Federation International

Committee Service:

Years of Membership Name of Committee Institution/Organization

Local

1986-1987 Admissions Committee Cornell Medical College, New York

1993-Present Surgical Case Review Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1995-Present ENT Steering/Leadership Committee Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1995-2006 Ethics Committee Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1996-2000 Respiratory Care Committee Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

1998-2006 Joint OR Committee Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

National

2006 NCI Consensus panel FNA Conference National Cancer Institute

- Member, Subcommittee 3, Technique of Fine Needle Aspiration - Member, Subcommittee 4, Diagnostic Terminology/Morphologic Criteria

2013 NCI Clinical Trials Conference, Bethesda National Cancer Institute

- Invited lecturer, “Treatment of Recurrent Nodal Disease”

2015 Chair, Medical Advisory Board of Physicians Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative, THANC Foundation*

*A national thyroid cancer care registry and patient and physician thyroid cancer educational resource

Professional Societies:

Year Society Name

1993-Present American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS)-- 1993 Fellow-- 1994-1999 Member, Endocrine Surgery Subcommittee-- 1999-2003 Chairman, Endocrine Surgery Subcommittee-- 2003-Present Consultant, Endocrine Surgery Subcommittee

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-- 2009-2008 Member, General Otolaryngology Education Committee -- 2007 Invited Member, International Think Tank -- 2009-2013 Coordinator of International Affairs-- 2009-2014 Chair, International Steering Committee-- 2009-2013 Member, Board of Directors-- 2011-2013 Co-Chair RLN, Laryngeal AAO-HNS Guidelines Task Force-- 2013 AAO-HNS representative to IFOS Executive Board (International Federation of Otolaryngology Societies) -- 2013 AAO-HNS representative to the ACS Advisory Council for Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery-- American Society of Association Executives Florida 1/2016 executive leadership

training program-- 2015/16 President Elect, AAO-HNS

-- 2016/17 President AAO-HNS --2017 Chair of Nominating Committee -- 2018 ENThealth.org Executive Committee

1994-Present Massachusetts Medical Society, Member

1995-Present New England Otolaryngologic Society, Member

1995-Present Massachusetts Society of Otolaryngology, Member

1995-1998 Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Member

2002-Present American Society of Head and Neck Surgery (AHNS)-- 2005-2013 Member, Endocrine Surgery Committee-- 2011 Member, Humanitarian Committee-- 2013-2016 Chair, Endocrine Surgery Committee -- 2014-Present Member, Endocrine Section Taskforce

-- 2017 Chair Endocrine Surgery Section, Chair elect --2018 Chair Endocrine Surgery Section --2018 AHNS Council member -- 2018 Member of 2020 Annual meeting program committee

2003-Present American College of Surgeons-- 2003-2008 Committee on Video Based Education-- 2004-2009 Subcommittee on Continuing Education-- 2005 & 2008 Head and Neck Video Session, Otolaryngology Coordinator and Presiding Officer, American College of Surgeons 91st and 94th Clinical Congress-- 2006-Present Professional Development Committee-- 2013 AAOHNS representative to the ACS Advisory Council for Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Advisory Council Pillar for Health Policy and Advocacy)

2005-Present American Thyroid Association (ATA)-- 2005 Member-- 2008 Central Neck Dissection Guideline Advisory Council-- 2009-Present Surgical Advisory Committee, Member-- 2009-2010 Central Neck Dissection Task Force

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-- 2010-2013 Surgical Communications Subgroup, Member-- 2010-Present Chair, Thyroid Cancer Nodal Micro Metastasis Subgroup-- 2011 Chair, Development Committee -- 2011 Named to the 2015 ATA Thyroid Nodule and Thyroid Cancer Management Guidelines task force-- 2013 ATA Treasurer-Elect-- 2013/2014 Executive Board of Directors and Treasurer-- ATA Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Guidelines 2016/2017 Writing Group--ATA Annual Meeting Program committee 2017-- ATA annual meeting program Co-chair 2018 -- ATA Development Committee member 2018-2019

2011-Present Asia-Pacific Thyroid Society, Founding Member --Executive Council 2011 --Supervisor Committee to the Executive council 2018

2006-Present European Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Member-- 2012 Charles Proye Keynote Presidential invited lecturer, 5th Biennal Congress of ESES May 24-26 2012 in Gothenburg.-- 2013 European Board of Surgery Qualification Examination in Neck Endocrine Surgery, Examination Board of the Division of Endocrine Surgery, EU Board of Surgery (first US surgeon, first otolaryngologist in the history of the EU exam)

2006-Present International Association of Endocrine Surgeons (IAES), Member-- 2008 Co-founder Farndon International Travel Scholarship Fund-- 2009 ISW 2011 Program Committee, Yokohama Japan-- 2011 Elected to governing council-- 2015 Nominated for Secretary/Treasurer

2006-Present American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)-- 2009 Member -Endocrine Surgery Committee-- 2013 Member Council on AACE Membership -- 2013 Faculty of the American College of Endocrinology awarded 5/2013-- 2013 Chair- Endocrine Surgery Committee-- 2014 Member AACE 2015 and 2016 Clinical Congress Annual Meeting Program Committee -- 2014 Chair AACE 2015 Annual Program Surgical subcommittee-- 2015 Invited Member Presidential Board of Directors Advisory Board -- 2016 Elected to the AACE Board of Directors -- 2017 Clinical Congress 2017 Annual Meeting Program Committee -- 2018 Clincal Congress 2018 Annual Meeting Program Committee Vice Chair--2017-2018 Board of Directors--2018-2021 Board of Directors--2018- present Disease State Network Oversight Committee - Endocrine Surgery Liaison, in the Thyroid Disease State Network

2007-Present Asian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Member

2010-Present American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES), Member-- 2010 Affiliated Specialty Member (first otolaryngologist in organization’s history)-- 2011 Fellowship Committee

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2010-Present Royal Belgium Society of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Member-- 2010 Visiting Professor

2012-Present International Federation of Otolaryngology Societies (IFOS)-- International Advisory member 20th International Federation of Otolaryngological Societies World Congress (IFOS Seoul 2013)-- 2013 Elected, IFOS Executive Board-Representing US/North America, Caribbean and AAOHNS-- 2014 Appointed Member IFOS Head and Neck Oncology Ad Hoc Committee and 2017 Meeting committee member

2014-Present Invited membership in International Thyroid Oncology Group (ITOG) -- An international collaborative research and clinical trials organization

-- 2015 Member Development Committee -- 2017 Voted member of Board of Directors

2015 Triological Society --Thesis acceptance 12/2015 --Southern section Vice President Citation 1/2017

Global Surgical Missions (Recent):

2012 Kenya Relief African Aid Organization: Leader, Surgical Goiter Mission to Migori, Kenya through Kenya Relief Aid organization-lead 3 MEEI Thyroid Division Surgeons, MEEI resident and nurse. 25 surgical cases in 3 days performed, including 18 large goiters and demonstrated neural monitoring for the first time in this region of Africa.

2013 13th Thyroid Surgical Workshop Chikhaldara, India: Leader, Surgical Goiter Mission in Rural mountainous region of Southern India in association with the Nagpur Rotary-2 MEEI Thyroid Division surgeons, MEEI resident and 2 MEEI surgical techs. Performed surgery on large goiters, demonstrated neural monitoring for the first time in this region of India and provided surgical instruction and surgical lectures to 50 delegate trainees. In association with a 1 day Surgical Course in Nagpur.

Editorial Activities:

Year Role Journal

2003-Present Editorial Board Head and Neck Surgery

2006-Present Editorial Board Vestnik Khhirurch (Russian Journal of Surgery)

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2009-Present Editorial Board Thyroid (journal for the ATA)

2009-Present Editorial Board Endocrine Practice (journal for AACE)

2009-Present Senior Associate Editorial Board World Journal of Endocrine Surgery

2009-2014 International Associate Editor Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Journal (AAOHNS)

2010-2015 Book Series Editor Karger Advances in Otorhinolaryngology

2011-Present Founding Associate Editor for Thyroid Laryngoscope and Parathyroid Surgery

2012-Present Advisory Board Harvard Medical School Newsletters

2013-Present Editorial Board Video Endocrinology (Video journal of the ATA) 2017-Present Founding Editorial Board Member Annals of Thyroid, Beijing China 2017- present Editorial Board Korean Journal of Endocrine Surgery 2018- present International Liaison Committee ENT and Audiology News

2018-present Editorial Board Bulletin of Sisli Etfal Hospital

Ad Hoc Reviewer:

Surgery Ann Surgery Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Head and Neck

Awards and Honors:

Year Name of Award

1987 Valedictorian, Cornell Medical College1987 John Metcalf Polk Prize (awarded to three students placing at the top of the class over four years)1987 Weiss Prize for Excellence in Clinical Medicine1987 James A. Moore Prize in Otology1987 Alpha Omega Alpha1987 Diploma with research honors1987 Lange Medical Publishers Outstanding Achievement Award1987 Paul A. Skudder Scholarship Award1987 Papanicolaou Fellow in Head and Neck Anatomy1987 Barr Fellowship in Thyroid Carcinoma Research1987 National Institutes of Health Research Summer Fellowship1990 Winner, Resident Competition, New England Otolaryngological Society2000 Daniel D. Federman Outstanding Clinical Educator award for Harvard Medical School faculty

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2001 AAO-HNS Honor Award2007 Nominated Harvard Medical School Mentoring Award for Harvard Medical School faculty2012 AAO-HNS Distinguished Service Award 2013 Nominated for the Massachusetts General Hospital Brian A. McGovern Award for Clinical

Excellence2017 American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Distinguished Service Award 2017 Masters of Art (Hon). Harvard University

Report of Funded and Unfunded Projects

Past Funded Projects

1998-1999 Development of recurrent laryngeal neuropraxic dog modelXomed, Inc. (now part of Medtronic)Role: Principle Investigator

Work focused on neuropraxic canine modeling. Neuropraxic non-transection injury is most common in human thyroid surgery. Canine studies were performed outlining electrophysiologic changes in the recurrent laryngeal nerve with defined neural compressive trauma. This allowed the preliminary definition of electrophysiologic changes during human thyroid surgery suggestive of impending neural injury.

2007 Evidence-based otolaryngology book project AAOHNS Clinical Scholars Grant Role: Co- Principle Investigator (with Christopher Hartnick)

Text is a comprehensive literature review of available evidence based otolaryngologic treatment currently available. This project allowed definition of areas requiring additional evidence-based research work.

Past Unfunded Projects

Spectrally Encoded Laser Confocal Microscopy (SCM)2013-2011 Principle Investigator

SCM, a noninvasive tissue image probe providing intraoperative histologic information without tissue resection was found equivalent to frozen section hematoxylin and eosin (ref # 36).

Evaluation of papillary cancer preop nodal disease with US and CT 2012-2014 Principle Investigator

Studied the utility of combined ultrasound and axial CT in preoperatively mapping nodal metastasis in papillary carcinoma patients finding it significantly more accurate than either modality alone (ref # 34).

Retrospective analysis of revision and staged thyroid cancer surgery at MEEI and MGH.

2013- 2015 Principle Investigator

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Investigated the complication rate and thyroglobulin tumor marker response to revision thyroid cancer surgery in a large series of recurrent thyroid cancer patients (refs # 37 and 69).

Electrophysiologic analysis of SLN and Vagal nerve stimulation during thyroid surgery

2012 -2016 Principal Investigator

A series of studies of EMG electrophysiologic normative and neuropraxic data during human thyroid surgery focusing on the vagus, recurrent laryngeal nerve and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve to allow for postoperative functional prediction (refs 29,35,38,40,42,49).

Vagal electrode intraoperative real time monitoring prospective two center study (MEEI and Halle Germany)

2013-2014 Co-Principal Investigator

Investigation of a novel continuous vagal monitoring modality that provides real time EMG data acquisition during thyroid surgery to facilitate the identification of impending neuropraxic injury (ref # 32 and 41).

Analysis of patients who are voice professionals undergoing thyroid surgery 2014-2015 Principal Investigator

Electrophysiologic and voice outcomes analysis voice professionals undergoing thyroid surgery (ref # 55).

Current Unfunded Projects

1. Recurrent nerve monitoring during human thyroid surgery

Start date 2008-expected end date 2015 Principal Investigator

A comparison of various electrode arrays during human thyroid surgery involving 1400 nerves at risk during thyroid surgical cases. IRB protocol approved by MEEI/MGH Human Studies Committee. Algorithm for electrode placement and criteria for intraoperative prediction normal vocal cord function have been generated. Triologic thesis on this data accepted 12/2015 (ref # 79).

2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve neural injury compression and traction - canine model

Start date 2008-present Principal Investigator

A canine model has been created to identify intraoperative electromyography correlates of recurrent laryngeal nerve neuropraxic injury (refs # 16,20,58,62,74).

3. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve malignant invasion: preoperative radiographic prediction

Start date 2014 to present Principal Investigator

Data analysis underway comparing preoperative CT and ultrasound parameters of 72 invaded nerves vs 400 thyroid cancers without invasion to develop predictive preoperative invasion modeling.

Report of Local Teaching and Training

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Teaching of Students in Courses:

1995-2002 Harvard/MIT HST Speech and Hearing Program 5-10 undergraduate students on MEEI rotation

Electrophysiologic monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery. One hour.

Formal Teaching of Residents, Clinical Fellows and Research Fellows:

1993-Present MEEI resident curriculum. 5-10 residents during endocrine rotation Endocrine surgical lectures including Chief rounds. One hour

1993-Present MGH resident and fellow conference 3-4 residents and fellows Endocrine rounds every other month. One hour

2006-Present Northeastern University audiology intern program. 3-4 Northeastern audiology interns Nerve monitoring lecture every three months. One hour

2011-Present Children’s Hospital Boston Otolaryngology 4-5 fellows Fellow teaching program One hour

Endocrine surgical lecture, March of each year.

Clinical Supervisory and Training Responsibilities:

1993-Present Harvard/Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Otolaryngology residency program: general otolaryngology and endocrine surgery educational and surgical director; 10 to 15 hours per week of preceptor work in outpatient clinics, during rounds, and in the operating room.

1995-2000 MGH Heath Institute Nurse Practitioner Program: once a year NP student otolaryngology lecture. NP students with an interest in obtaining additional head and neck exam experience rotate with me for 1 to 2 half-day clinic sessions each week for approximately four weeks.

2000-2011 Department of Endocrine Surgery (Chief: Dr. Anatoly Romanchisen), Hospital of Socolov #122, St. Petersburg, Russia. The hospital is a 1100-bed facility performing 1200 thyroidectomy cases per year. I bring a surgical team (including operating room nurse, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring audiologist, anesthesiologist, and an otolaryngology resident) for a 10-day visit to perform thyroid and parathyroid surgery, to demonstrate RLN monitoring techniques. We have initiated a biyearly program to visit with MEEI otolaryngology residents to increase their exposure to thyroid surgery.

1992-Present Harvard Medical School students and other U.S. and foreign medical students rotate through my clinics where I serve as clinical preceptor. Rotation duration ranges from 2 weeks to several months.

2005-Present MEEI Surgical OR observation program: Through the years, many visitors from within the US and around the world are frequent observers of thyroid /parathyroid surgical demonstration of neural monitoring techniques. We initiate in 7/2016 a Neural Monitoring Certification course which formalizes this training.

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Formally Supervised Trainees

1996-1997 Shahla Siddiqui MD Research Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, MEEICurrent: Consultant Anesthesiologist and Intensivist, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore

1997-1998 Azhar Salahuddin Third year medical student, NIH, NIDCD short-term NRSA trainee. Current: Staff Ophthalmologist, Cornea specialist, Permanente Medical Group, Fresno, CA

1998-1999 Jennifer Shin M.D. Third-year medical student, Harvard Medical School Research Elective [references 10, 23, 24, 37, 41, and 47. Guidelines 9, other peer reviewed 24-27, 33, books 4] Current: Assistant Professor Harvard Medical School, Practice Pediatric and General Otolaryngology

1998-1999 Krishna Gorti, M.D. Research Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, MEEI Current: Associate Analyst Biotech, JP Morgan, NY

[reference 62]

2000-Present Dipti Kamani, M. D. Research Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, MEEI [references 9, 23,24,29,34,35,38,39,40,41,42,48,49,55,

other peer reviewed 29, review/chapters 6, 53,59,77,79,80,84,85 nonprint references 3]Current: Research Director Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgical Division, Department of Otolaryngology

2001-2002 Cristian Slough M.D. Research Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology. MEEI2004-2005 Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of

Otolaryngology, MEEI[reference 35, other peer review references 3, chapters18,20]

Current: Director Willamette Valley ENT, McMinnville, OR

2003- 2004 Kuo-Ping Chang M.D. Research Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, MEEICurrent: Director, Division of Rhinology & Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

2005-2006 Lisa Reid, MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology Current: Assistant Professor Surgery-specializing in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, Cooper Union University Physician, Camden, NJ

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2006-2007 Enoch Sanders, MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, [reference 10] Current: Assistant Professor Surgery-specializing in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, Virginia Surgical Associates, Inova Alexandria Hospital, Alexandria, VA

2007-2008 David Lesnik, MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology [reference 34, chapters 26, 27, 29, 37]

Current: Attending Otolaryngologist, specializing in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, MEEI Associates, MEEI Stoneham Center, Stoneham, MA, Assistant in Otolaryngology MEEI

2008-2009 Sara Richer, MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology

[Reference other peer reviewed 5, 16, chapters 53, 77, 78] Current: Otolaryngologist, Head and Neck Surgeon specializing in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, St Vincents Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT

2009-2010 Marica Zizic, MD, PhD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology

[chapter 51] Current: Attending Specialist Otolaryngologist specializing in

thyroid and parathyroid surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital Sveti Duh, Zagreb, Croatia

2009-2010 Michael Pakdaman, MD Research Supervisor mentoring daily for 1 yearCurrent: Otolaryngology resident MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX

2009-2010 Luiz Conti-Freitas, MD, PhD Research Supervisor mentoring daily for 1 year, Brazilian Ministry of Education

[reference 36]Current: Professor of Head and Neck Surgery – Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery – Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

2010-2011 Eimear Phelan, MD Research Supervisor mentoring daily for 1 year, Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland

[Reference 29, 32, 35, 37,41]Current: ENT lecturer/ clinical registrar post in Mater

Hospital, Dublin. Employed by University of Dublin (UCD)

2010-2011 Andre Potenza, MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology,

[reference 29, 35, 41, 48] Current: Head and Neck Surgery Specialist, Brazilian Society

of Head and Neck Surgery-certified, General Surgeon at the

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Albert Einstein Hospital, Alphaville Branch, Barueri, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Volunteer Head and Neck Surgeon at the Hospital das Clinicas of the University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil

2011-2012 Mohammed Alzahrani MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, [chapter 42]

2013-2014 Memorial Sloan Kettering GI Surgical Oncology Fellowship Current: Consultant and Assistant Professor, SurgicalOncology specializing in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, King Abdul Aziz Medical City and University of Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2012-2013 Ashlie Darr MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology,

[references 35, 40, other peer 17, chapters 49, 50, 61, 66, 67]Current: Assistant in Otolaryngology, Beth Israel Hospital Boston, MA

2013-2014 Niranjan Sritharan MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology,

[reference 42, 49, 55 chapters 68] Current: Assistant in Otolaryngology Nepean Hospital, NSW

University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia

2014-2015 Rahul Modi MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, Accredited by the AHNS Neck Endocrine Surgery Fellowship [reference chapters 79, 80]

Current: Consultant Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Head Thyroid Surgery L.H Hirandani Hospital Mumbai, India

2015-2016 Whitney Liddy MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, Accredited by the AHNS Neck Endocrine Surgery Fellowship [reference 77, other peer reviewed reference 39]

2016-2017 Brad Lawson MD Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of Otolaryngology, Accredited by the AHNS Neck Endocrine Surgery Fellowship

2017-2018 Mohamed Shama MD MSc, MRCS, EBSQ(oncology) Clinical Thyroid Surgical Fellow, Department of

Otolaryngology, Accredited by the AHNS Neck Endocrine Surgery Fellowship

2018 University of Florida, Gainesville.Advanced Head and Neck Surgical Oncology & Microvascular Reconstructive Surgical FellowIn EgyptAssistant lecturer - Head and Neck Unit, Surgical Oncology DepartmentNational Cancer Institute - Cairo University

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2018-2019 Jennifer Brooks MD

Formal Teaching of Peers [Harvard Continuing Medical Education Courses]

Note: No presentations below sponsored by outside entities

1994 Emergency Management of Maxillofacial and Neck Trauma, in A Step Beyond ATLS, Harvard Medical School CME course; Boston

1995 Course director and lecturer, Workup of the thyroid nodule, in Primary Care Otolaryngology in the 90’s, Harvard Medical School CME course; Boston

1997 Prevention of Thyroid and Parathyroid Complication in Laryngopharyngeal Surgery, in Advances in the Management of Head and Neck Malignancies, Harvard Medical School CME course; Boston

2004 Thyroid Surgery in Update in Surgical Oncology-MGH Harvard CME course; Boston

2004 Management of Thyroid Cancer, in Management of Difficult Cases in General Surgery, Harvard CME course; Boston

2001-2005 Avoidance of Thyroid Surgical Complications, in Advances in Cancer Management for the Surgeon, Harvard CME course; Boston

2007 Ultrasound in Thyroid Surgery, in Boston University CME Meeting; Boston

2008 Neural Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery, in Update on Head and Neck Cancer Harvard CME course; Boston

2010 Workup of the Thyroid Nodule, in Update in Head and Neck Cancer Harvard CME course Boston

2002-2003, 2009-2010 Lectures on thyroid surgery and recurrent laryngeal monitoring in MGH Surgical Oncology

Harvard CME course; Boston 2010-2011 Head and Neck Cancer and Thyroid Nodule Evaluation, in Annual Internal Medicine

Comprehensive Review and Update Harvard CME course; Boston

2012 ATA guidelines past and future, in Update in Head and Neck Cancer course MEEI Harvard CME course; Boston

2013 Update on RLN monitoring and Nodal Management for Thyroid cancer, in MGH Surg Onc Update Harvard CME course; Boston

2014 An update on MEEI Thyroid Surgery and Thyroid Surgical Guidelines, Head and Neck MEEI Grand Rounds

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2017 Otolaryngology Update 2017 HMS CME Dept course Course Co-Director with Dr. Nick Busaba and course lecturer on Thyroid Surgery

2018 Thyroid surgery May 2018 in MGH Surgical Oncology Harvard CME course Director Ken Tananbe

2018 Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Surgery May 2018 in Update in Head and Neck Cancer Harvard CME course Boston

Local Invited Presentations:Note: No presentations below sponsored by outside entities

1995 Overview of Otolaryngology for the Primary Care Physician, Medical Grand Rounds, MGH

1995 Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid – Update, Surgical Grand Rounds Newton-Wellesley Hospital

1996 Recurrent Laryngeal Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery, Surgical Grand Rounds, Newton-Wellesley Hospital

1996 Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Carcinoma, Grand Rounds Newton-Wellesley Hospital

1995 Management of Laryngeal Trauma, Surgical Grand Rounds, MGH

1995-97 Branchial Cleft Cysts, Ameloblastoma of the Mandible, Hyperbaric Oxygen and Wound Assessment, Ocular Melanoma, MEEI Grand Rounds.

1996 Work-up of the thyroid nodule, South Shore Hospital, Medical Grand Rounds.

1996 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring and Management, Otolaryngology Surgical Grand Rounds, MEEI

1997 Workup of the Thyroid Nodule, The Detection of Head and Neck Malignancy in the Primary Care Setting (Internist and NP), Barbara McInnis Community House

1997 Surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Pulmonary Grand Rounds, MGH

1998 Sinusitis and antibiotics, Evaluation of the neck mass, Work-up of the thyroid nodule, Primary Care Core Curriculum, Boston

1998 Surgery for Upper Airway Obstruction, Oral Surgery Grand Rounds, MGH

1998 Intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve electrophysiology, Pediatric Anesthesia Grand Rounds, MGH

1998 Thyroid surgery: Prevention of vocal cord paralysis Annual Meeting of the MEEI (medical staff (ophthalmology and otolaryngology), lay public (trustees, admin).

1999 Workup of the Neck Mass and Thyroid Nodule, Ambulatory Medicine Conference,

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Primary Care Program, MGH

2000 Vocal Cord Paralysis in Thyroid Cancer and Thyroid Surgery Endocrine Grand Rounds, Thyroid Unit, MGH

2000 Treatment of Thyroid Cancer: Thyroid Surgical Advances, Medical Grand Rounds, Newton-Wellesley Hospital

2000 Intraoperative Criteria for Success during Parathyroid Surgery, Grand Rounds, the Center for Innovative Minimally Invasive Therapy (CIMIT), MGH

2001 Surgical Management of Melanoma, Dermatology Grand Rounds, MGH

2002 Neck and Thyroid Nodule - Detection of Head and Neck Cancer, Otolaryngology for PCPs, Partners Healthcare Symposium MGH

2002 Thyroid Nodule Work-up and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery in the Pediatric patient, Grand Rounds, Boston Children’s Hospital

2003 ENT for the General Internist, Co-lecturer with Dr. Jo Shapiro, Fourth Annual MGH/Partners Physicians’ Day

2003 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve, Anesthesia Grand Rounds, MGH

2010 Work up of the Thyroid Nodule, Grand Rounds, MEEI

2010 Surgery for Hyperparathyroidism, Grand Rounds, MEEI

2011 Thyroid Surgical Anatomy, Resident Rounds, MEEI

2012 RLN Surgical Anatomy, Resident Rounds, MEEI

2013 Neural Monitoring Program at MEEI, Anesthesia Grand Rounds, MEEI

2014 Thyroid Nodules and Cancer 2014, MEEI Patient Public Forum, MEEI

2014 Thyroid Cancer Surgery - MEEI Contributions, MEEI Otolaryngology Grand Rounds 2017 AACE Course invited lecturer Low risk Thyroid Cancer Treatment Boston Ma 2018 New England Otolaryngology Society Simulation Panel Simualation at MEEI and in the AAO Panel

Moderator dan Deschler

Report of Regional, National, and International Invited Teaching and Presentations

Regional Invited Presentations:

Note: No presentations below sponsored by outside entities

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1996 Endocrine Neoplasia of the Head and Neck, New England Otolaryngological Society (NEOS) Boston

1996 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Genes and Subtypes, Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, New England Medical Center

1997 Controversies in the Management of Thyroid Carcinoma, Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, New England Medical Center

1998 Well Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, New England Medical Center

2000 Management of the Thyroid Nodule and Thyroid Cancer, Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, Boston University

2000 Vocal Cord Paralysis Prevention, New England Otolaryngological Society (NEOS), Boston

2001 Intraoperative PTH: clinical and laboratory perspective, 15th Annual Northeast Region Conference and Exhibition of the New England Chapters of the Clinical Laboratory Management Association, Clinical Ligand Assay Society and the American Association for Clinical Chemistry Boxborough, MA

2004 Surgery for Hyperparathyroidism and Monitoring During Thyroid Surgery, Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, Boston University

2004 Evaluation and Management of Sleep Disorders, Panel Moderator, New England Otolaryngology Society (NEOS), Boston

2005 Thyroid Panelist, St. Raphael’s Head and Neck Seminar, Connecticut

2009 Preoperative evaluation for thyroid cancer, Tufts-BU Combined Residents Thyroid Workshop, Boston

2009 Thyroid Cancer Basics, Triologic Meeting, Boston

2009 Preoperative Evaluation for Thyroid Cancer, New England Otolaryngology Society, Boston

2011 RLN anatomy and monitoring and thyroid nodule workup, RI Hospital Grand Rounds, Providence, RI

2012 RLN Preservation and Monitoring of the RLN at thyroidectomy, Keynote Lecture, Connecticut Society of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Annual Meeting, CT

2013 Papillary Cancer Nodal Disease Detection and Management Controversies Keynote speaker, 2NDAnnual Robert Sofferman Lectureship in Endocrine Surgery and Neural Monitoring 2013- More Information During Surgery, Invited Grand Rounds, Dept of Surgery, University of Vermont, VT

2014 Surgery for Graves Disease, Graves Disease patient group Annual meeting, Boston

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2014 Lecture: Molecular Analysis of Thyroid FNAs for the clinician, Boston Thyroid Club, Boston 2018 Boston University Dept of Endocrinology Grand Rounds- Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Management 2018 Dartmouth-Hitcock Medical Center Autumn in New England Update Sept 21 2018 Directors Jim

Saunders and Joe Paydarfar. Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Surgery, Neural Monitoring Update 2018

National Invited Presentations:Note: No presentations below sponsored by outside entities

1996, 1997 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid and Parathyroid Instructional Course, Chairman/moderator, Endocrine Subcommittee Panel Presentation: Workup of the

Thyroid Nodule, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS), Annual Meeting

1998 Management of Invasive Thyroid Carcinoma Instructional Course, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS), Annual Meeting

1998 Nodular Disease of the Thyroid, Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid, Fine Needle Aspiration Workshop. Contemporary Management of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) 11th Annual Cherry Blossom Conference Course Director and Lecturer

1998 Contemporary Thyroid Surgery, Surgical Grand Rounds, Washington Metropolitan Otolaryngologic Group, Washington, D.C.

1999 New Concepts in Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases: A Case-based Approach- Panel, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS), Annual Meeting

1999 Recent Advances in Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands, New Advances in Head and Neck Surgery, Association of Operating Room Nurses, Radisson Hotel, Boston, MA

1999 Work-up of the Thyroid Nodule and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring During Thyroid Surgery and Resection of Goiter, Kansas City Society of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Kansas City, MO

2000-2003 Parathyroid Management for the Occasional Thyroid Surgeon, Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS), Annual Meeting

2000 Intraoperative Hormonal Criteria for Surgical Success and Panel Parathyroid Surgery in the New Millenniun, Fifth International Conference on Head and Neck Cancer, American Head and Neck Society, San Francisco, CA

2001 Recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy and extent of thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer, Diane

Goldstone Lecture in Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Virginia

2001 Interesting Head and Neck Lesions and Stump the Stars, American Association of Neuroradiologists, Boston, MA

20

2002 Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid, Pennsylvania Academy of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery

2002 Program Moderator: Thyroid portion of Joint Mt. Sinai and University of Iowa Multidisciplinary Course Contemporary Management of Head and Neck Cancer, New York, NY

2002 Surgery of Benign Thyroid Disease and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Management during Goiter Surgery, Combined Otolaryngological Society Meeting American Head and Neck Society, Boston

2002 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring During Revision Thyroid Surgery and Panel Moderator Recurrent Thyroid Cancer American College of Surgeons, Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA

2002 Thyroid Cancer: Evaluation and Management and Mediastinal Dissection (prosection cadaver performed) 35th Annual Head and Neck Cancer and Reconstructive Course, University of Iowa

2003 Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Goiter Surgery, Grand Rounds, Cornell Weill Medical College, NY

2004 Surgical Approaches to Hyperparathyroidism, Head and Neck Surgical Course, Mt Sinai Hospital

NY

2004 Reduction of Surgical Complications during Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, New York Head and Neck Surgical Society, NY

2004 The Surgery of Goiter, Grand Rounds, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY

2004 Parathyroid Surgery: Minimally Invasive Options, Sixth Annual Update in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Fall Meeting, Albany Medical College

2004 RLN Anatomy and Monitoring, The David DeWees Lectureship, Fall Combined Meeting Oregon Academy of Otolaryngology/OHSU

2004 Thyroid panelist, Sixth International Conference on Head and Neck Cancer, American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Washington, DC

2005 RLN monitoring – What is the Evidence? Visiting Professor, Dept of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati

2005 RLN Anatomy and Monitoring and Management of Substernal Goiter, Contemporary Management of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

2005 Thyroid Cancer State of the Art -Panelist, Combined Otolaryngological Spring Meeting, American

Head and Neck Society (AHNS) San Francisco, CA

2005 Building an Endocrine Practice- Panel, Advances in Endocrine Surgery-Panel, American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) Annual Meeting

2005 Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Video Session, Coordinator and Presiding Officer American College of Surgeons (ACS), Annual Meeting.

21

2005 Surgery of Goiter, Northeastern Ohio Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Society, Cleveland University, OH

2006- 2007 Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery and New Technologies in Thyroid Surgery Panelist, AHNS Resident and Fellow Review Course, American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) Annual Meeting

2006 Treatment of Invasive Disease and Thyroid Surgery and the Larynx, Grand Rounds (General Surgery and Otolaryngology), Mayo Clinic

2006 Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring During Thyroid Surgery, Thyroid Surgical Course, University of California at San Francisco

2006 Innovations in the Surgical Treatment of Thyroid Cancer New York Thyroid Club. Columbia University, New York, NY

2007 Thyroid Cancer Treatment, Thyroid Surgical Symposium, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY

2008 Substernal Goiter Surgery, and IONM during Thyroid Surgery, Update on Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

2007 Thyroid Panel -Moderator, Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Symposium, sponsored by American Head and Neck Society (AHNS, ASTRO and ASCO)

2007 RLN monitoring, Invited Video Panelist, American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) San Diego, CA

2007 RLN Management during Cancer Surgery Living with Radiation, Chernobyl Conference at United Nations, NY, NY

2007 Surgical Interpretation of the Fine Needle Aspiration and Technique of FNA, Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration - State of the Science National Conference, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD

2008 The Thyroid Surgeon and Ultrasound, New York Head and Neck Surgical Society NY, NY

2008-2014 Parathyroid surgery: What a Head and Surgeon needs to know, Instructional course American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) Annual Meeting

2008 RLN Monitoring During Thyroid Surgery, and Why Do Parathyroidectomies Fail? In Controversies in the Management of Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases THANC Foundation course NY, NY

2008 Monitoring in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, American Association of Endocrine Surgery, Annual Meeting. Monterey, CA

2008 Managing Thyroid Surgical Complications, Annual meeting American Thyroid Association (ATA) annual conference

22

2009 Management of the injured RLN and Voice Disturbances after Thyroidectomy, American Thyroid Association (ATA) annual conference, Florida

2009 Goiter Surgery and RLN Monitoring Update on Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

2009 Surgery of Thyroid Cancer, MD Anderson Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Course Santa Fe, NM

2010 Controversies in the Management Low Risk Thyroid Cancer, Panel-surgical management of the thyroid and central neck session, Annual American Academy of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) meeting, Boston, MA

2010 Avoidance of Complications and Preoperative Evaluation for Thyroid Cancer, 2nd Annual

Symposium on Thyroid and Parathyroid disease, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA

2010 PTH elevation after parathyroid surgery and RLN monitoring and completion thyroidectomy for PTC, THANC Controversies in the Management of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease course, Beth Israel Medical Center, St. Lukes Roosevelt Hospital, NY

2010 Neural Monitoring During Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, 3rd Annual Robert C. Hickey Lectureship, Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

2010 Surgery for Substernal Goiters and Nerve Monitoring-Where are we now? Management of Benign

and Malignant Thyroid Disease course, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA

2010 Tricks and Tips of Neuromonitoring for Thyroidectomy and Contemporary controversies in Thyroid Surgery Panel co-moderator, Excision of Substernal Goiter, video presenter, American College of Surgeons, Washington, D.C.

2011 Thyroid Nodule Management and the Latest American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines, Treatments of the Neck in Papillary Cancer, RLN Anatomy and Neural Monitoring – The New International Guidelines and Revision Thyroid Surgery, UC Irvine Otolaryngology Updates 2011

2011 Vocal cord monitoring-where are we in 2011, What is the current role of PET imaging in DTC and Panelist: Technology for the future of thyroid and parathyroid surgery, lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer, and case presentations in hyperparathyroidism in Controversies in the Management of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Thyroid Head and Neck Cancer Foundation (THANC)

2011 Invited Panelist, Jatin P. Shah Symposium Clinical Controversies in thyroid cancer in American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) annual meeting, Chicago, IL

2011 Neural monitoring 2011 in Thyroid Cancer Symposium, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Santa Fe, NM

2011 Controversies in Central neck dissection in American Thyroid Association (ATA) Annual meeting, Palm Springs, FL

2011 Thyroid Cancer Evidence Based Program: Central neck dissection, Megagoiter Surgery-Goiter surgery tricks and traps and Minimally invasive thyroid –parathyroid surgery-RLN monitoring Standards in American College of Surgeons (ACS) annual meeting

23

2011 Optimal Initial Surgery for Thyroid Cancer in Advances in Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Mid-Winter Symposium American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), Arizona

2012 Management of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Disease, Surgery for Substernal Goiters, Nerve Monitoring-Where are we now? Thyroid and Parathyroid Symposium, Medical College of Georgia Augusta, GA

2012 RLN anatomy and monitoring in Thyroid Cancer Surgery Breakfast Session in Society of Surgical Oncology 65th Cancer Symposium, Orlando, FL

2013 Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Cancer Surgery, MD Anderson Thyroid Cancer course, Santa Fe, NM

2013 Neural Monitoring in Tulane 5th Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgical Course, New Orleans, LA

2013 Papillary Carcinoma: prophylactic central neck dissection and Avoidance of Complication in Thyroid/Parathyroid Surgery -Panel Moderator, American College of Surgeons (ACS) Annual Meeting

2013 Initial Thyroid Cancer Surgery, and Voice and Swallowing changes after Thyroid surgery NCI Thyroid cancer think tank meeting, Washington, DC

2013 Neural Monitoring Egyptian Society satellite, Thyroid Molecular testing panelist, Instructional course Preop Decision making in Thyroid surgery, Instructional course Parathyroid surgery-what the head and neck surgeon needs to know, Instructional course Neural monitoring-new horizons -SLN and Vagal monitoring, International Assembly - chair AAOHNS Annual meeting

2013 Chair of Tumor Board Panel, ATA Annual Meeting, Puerto Rico

2013 Neural monitoring and the future, Invited Head and Neck Grand Rounds, Memorial Sloan Kettering, NY, NY

2014 Central neck Dissection and Neural Monitoring, 6th Annual Tulane Symposium on Thyroid and Parathyroid diseases, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA

2014 Management of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Disease, Surgery for Substernal Goiters and Nerve

Monitoring-Where are we now? Medical College of Georgia Thyroid and Parathyroid Symposium, Augusta, GA

2014 Francophone-AAO joint meeting: Chair and moderator Thyroid Panel, Middle East-AAO joint meeting: Speaker Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery, AAO Instructional Course Parathyroid Surgery What the Head and Neck Surgeon needs to Know, Panel Thyroid Surgery in Clinical Practice Guidelines, Consensus Statements, and Position Papers: Speaker AAO Voice Optimization at Thyroidectomy Guidelines, AAO Instructional Course Preop Thyroid Surgery Decision Making, Panel Thyroid Surgical Care 2014 US, FNA, Molecular Testing and the ATA Speaker Blending Molecular Analysis with Clinical Judgement, AAO Instructional Course Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery: SLN and Vagal Monitoring, AAO Instructional Course Preop Thyroid Surgical Evaluation, AAOHNS Annual 2014 meeting, Orlando, Florida

24

2014 Thyroid Cancer and Complications, in AACE Advances in Medical and Surgical Management of Thyroid Cancer, Phoenix, AZ

2014 Neural monitoring 2014, in Tidewater Otolaryngology Society Distinguished Speaker Series, Virginia-Eastern Medical School, Virginal Naval Medical Center

2014 Moderator, Fiberoptic Laryngoscopy Hands On Session, AAES Annual meeting, Boston

2014 Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Cancer Surgery 2014, Johns Hopkins Thyroid Tumor Center Visiting Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism and William Lees Distinguished Lecturer, Baltimore, MD

2014 Thyroid Cancer Surgery in the Professional Singer: A Unique Boston Series Invited speaker Thyroidectomy Patients plenary Sessions, AACE 2014 Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, NV

2014 Neural Monitoring Symposium Chair and Invited Moderator Surgical Video section in 5th World Congress IFHNOS and AHNS/MSK Meeting NY, NY

2014 Preoperative Disease Mapping and Voice Assessment 2014 American Thyroid Association Guidelines on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer- Highlights, Controversies and Consensus – Invited Speaker at the annual Endocrine Society Meeting, Chicago, IL

2014 RLN monitoring 2014, Invited Combined Otolaryngology Grand Rounds, Mt Sinai Hospital NY,

NY

2014 Nerve Monitoring for Thyroid Cancer, Invited Keynote Speaker, Cleveland Clinic Head, Neck and Thyroid Cancer Symposium, Cleveland, OH

2015 Thyroid Surgery for Thyroid cancer, Thyroid Cancer Management Symposium AACE/AAES joint meeting, Nashville, TN

2015 Monitoring for Thyroid Surgery 2015 and UPTC, Stanford University Head and Neck Surgery Grand Rounds, Stanford University, CA

2015 Surgical Risks in Bilateral Thyroidectomy: RLN and parathyroid, Endocrine Pathology Society Conference for Re-Examination of the Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Boston, MA

2015 Molecular Diagnostics and Thyroid Cancer Care and Panel Chair Thyroid Cancer –Guidelines and Surgical Care, AHNS 2015 Translational Research Annual Meeting, Boston, MA

2015 Review of the New ATA Thyroid Cancer Guidelines ACS Annual meeting, Chicago, IL

2015 AAO Instructional Course Parathyroid Surgery – What the Head and Neck Surgeon needs to Know, ATA 2015 Preop Thyroid Nodule Assessment Panel: Speaker Preop Surgical Guidelines,

AAO Instructional Course Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery: SLN and Vagal Monitoring, AAO Instructional Course Preop Thyroid Surgical Evaluation, AAO Thyroid Surgical Maneuvers Panel Chair, AAO ATA Guidelines: Speaker, Preop Laryngeal Exam, AAO Instructional Course Papillary Thyroid Cancer Nodal Management, AAO Laryngeal Exam in Thyroid Surgery panel: Speaker, Preop AAO and ATA Guidelines, AAOHNS Annual meeting, Dallas, TX

25

2015 ATA Surgical Risk Assessment, 3rd NY Masters Course in Endocrinology and Endocrine Surgery 2015, NY, NY

2015 Debakey Lecture IONM Lessions Learned and Surgical Management of Recurrent Thyroid Cancer in 8th Symposium on Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Tulane, New Orleans, LA

2016 Thyroid Cancer Surgery, Multidiscipinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium ASTRO, Scottsdale AZ

2016 ATA Guidelines and surgical risk-an appraisal of the 2015 guidelines for the surgeon, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Grand Rounds, Houston, TX

2016 Intraoperative Neural Monitoring-Superior Laryngeal Nerve and continuous vagal monitoring Houston Society of Otolaryngology, Houston, TX

2016 ATA Guidelines and surgical risk-an appraisal of the 2015 guidelines for the surgeon, University of Texas Otolaryngology and Endocrine Grand Rounds, Houston, TX

2016 AACE Annual Meeting Thyroid Cancer Tumor board panel Moderator, Orlando FL2016 AHNS Annual meeting Seattle: 1-How to build an endocrine practice, Resident and Fellow Primer

Session, 2-Early Thyroid Cancer Debate-Amy Chen moderator, 3-Lunch with the Professor moderator: Extent of Thyroidectomy, 4- Minisymposium on Neural Monitoring during Thyroidectomy 2016 moderator and lecture, 4-Thyroid Cancer Genomics Panel Cochair

2016 International Neural Monitoring Study Group – First US Neural Monitoring Certification course Co-Director with Peter Angelos

2016 American Academy of otolaryngology annual meeting San Diego: 1-Instructional Course Papillary Carcinoma Nodal Surgery, 2-Neural Monitoring Panelist moderator Juliana Velez, 3-Revision Surgery Thyroid Panelist moderator Joseph Scharpf, 4-Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Panelist moderator Mark Zafereo, 5-ATA Guidelines Thyroid Surgical Panelist moderator Robert Witt

2016 American Thyroid Association annual meeting Denver Invited Speaker Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Surgery

2016 American College surgeons Annual meeting, Washington DC 1 – Moderator Postsurgical Hypoparathyroidism Panel, 2 Thyroid Surgical Panelist Neural Monitoring with Thyroid Surgery moderator Joe Scharf

2017 Triologic Society Invited Lecture: Vagal Nerve Monitoring is Cost Effective in Bilateral Thyroid Surgery New Orleans

2017 American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Austin panel cochair thyroid cancer2017 American Academy of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery Annual Meeting-Chicago -multiple

speaking engagements-I served as President of the society during this meeting2017 American Thyroid Association Victoria British Columbia invited panelist medullary carcinoma

thyroid cytopathology2017 American College of Surgeons annual meeting San Diego invited speaker neural monitoring and

meet the expert thyroid surgery technique2018 Chicago Otologic and Laryngologic Society Invited Visiting Professor-Thyroid Surgery 2018 2018 Georgia State Otolaryngology Society Keynote Invited annual meeting speaker-ATA guidelines for

Surgeons, Monitoring 2018, AAOHNS Wellness Initative, Thyroid Cancer Nodal Mapping, Current Understanding of Low Risk Thyroid Cancer

2018 American College of Surgeons annual meeting Boston invited speaker neural monitoring and meet the expert thyroid surgery technique

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International Invited Presentations:

Note: No presentations below sponsored by outside entities

2000 Neck Anatomy and Neck Abscess, Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring During Goiter Surgery, Surgical Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Snoring, CT Guidance Systems during Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Advances in Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery 2000 Harvard Medical School and Evangelismos Hospital of Athens, Santorini, Greece

2000 Intraoperative PTH, Chairman of the Parathyroid Panel. Russian Endocrine Surgical Congress, St. Petersburg, Russia

2001 Surgery for Thyroid Cancer: State of the Art and Surgical Management of Hyperparathyroidism: State of the Art. The XXIVth Brazilian Congress of Surgery, Sao Paulo, Brazil

2002 Electrophysiologic Correlates of Neural Injury, Neural Monitoring Course, University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany

2002 Complications in Thyroid Surgery: Prevention and Management. Second World Congress of International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies, and VIIIth International Congress on Oral Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2002 thyroid Cancer Surgery, Master’s Course on Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in the Third Millennium sponsored by European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.

2002 Management of Thyroid Cancer -Visiting Professor, IVth Biennial Course on Management, Thyroid Nodular Disease and Cancer, University of Toronto, Canada

2003 Comparison of Vocalis vs Post-Cricoid Electrodes during Neural Monitoring at Thyroidectomy Neural Monitoring Course, Halle-Wittenberg University, Halle, Germany

2004 Thyroid Surgery in a Specialist Center, John Farndon Memorial Symposium; Controversies in the Management of Endocrine Disease, University of Bristol, England

2004 RLN Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery, Harvard Applications in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ankara, Turkey

2004 State of the Art Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, The XXXII National Congress, Association of Columbian Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgical Society, Cartengena, Columbia

2004 Electrophysiologic Correlates of Neural Injury during Thyroid Surgery, International Convention on Surgical Endocrinology, Rome, Italy

2004 Treatment of Thyroid Cancer, Fifth Biennial Course on the Management of Thyroid Nodular Disease and Cancer, Toronto, Canada

27

2004 Surgical Anatomy of the Thyroid and Neck, Conference of the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Uppsala, Sweden

2005 RLN monitoring, Advanced Endocrine Surgery, European Institute of Telesurgery, Strasbourg, France

2005 RLN Surgical Anatomy and Monitoring (performance of surgery as part of conference), Third National Conference of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou, China.

2005 Topics on Thyroid Surgery and RLN Monitoring, October Eighth Birmingham International Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Course, Birmingham, England

2005 Thyroid Cancer Treatment, International Consensus Conference on Thyroid Cancer (conference to generate thyroid cancer national guidelines for Costa Rica), Costa Rica

2005 Surgical Use of FNA and Frozen Section during Thyroid Surgery, member panel: Cytologic Classification in Thyroid Lesions-the Surgeons Perspective. Fifth Course on Thyroid Pathology and Cytopathology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy

2006 Neuropraxis and IONM-Detection of Injury, Modern Technologies in Thyroid Surgery, Halle, Germany

2006 Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery, International Brazilian Conference on Thyroid Cancer. Sao Paulo, Brazil

2006 RLN Monitoring During Endocrine Surgery Tenth Asian Endocrine Surgical Association, Hong Kong

2006 Endocrine Surgery 2006, Video Course of Endocrine Surgery (served as Co-Director with Drs. Rocco Bellantone (Italy) and Jacques Marescaux (France) Catholic University, Rome, Italy

2006 Laryngoscopy and Thyroid Surgical Outcomes, Sweden National Endocrine Database Meeting, Sweden

2006 Thyroid Surgical Technique, Birmingham Head and Neck Surgical Meeting, Birmingham, UK

2006 Neural monitoring, Geneva Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring International Course on Standards (served as Co-Directed with Dr. Henning Dralle) Geneva, Switzerland

2006 Thyroid Surgery 2006, Multidisciplinary Approach for Thyroid, Salivary and Parapharyngeal Tumors, Zagreb, Croatia

2007 Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery, Fourth Brazilian Course on Minimally Invasive Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery (teleconferenced from Boston) Sao Paulo, Brazil

2007 Thyroid Cancer Nodal Surgery, Second Symposia Internacional de Tireoide e Paratireoide. Brazilian Cancer Conference, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

28

2007 Endocrine Surgery of the Head and Neck, National Turkish Otolaryngology Meeting. Samsun, Turkey

2007 RLN Monitoring: State of the Art, Australian Royal College of Surgeons, Annual Conference. Christchurch, Australia

2007 Thyroid Surgery and Neural Monitoring, AAO-HNS Russian Delegation Congress (served as codirector with. KJ Lee), Moscow and St Petersburg, Russia

2007 Monitoring panelist, International Association of Endocrine Surgeons (IAES), Montreal, Canada 2007 Neural Monitoring, Nodal Surgery for Thyroid Cancer, Second Multidisciplinary Update on

Thyroid Cancer. Princess Alexandra Hospital, University Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

2007 Modern Thyroid Surgery, Eighth Post Graduate Course in Endocrine Surgery. Annual Indian Association of Endocrine Surgery. Lucknow, India

2007 FNA from the Surgeons Perspective, Catholic University Cytopathology Congress. Rome, Italy

2008 Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery- New horizons, International Monitoring Study Group Think Tank, Geneva, Switzerland

2008 Standards in RLN Monitoring and Papillary Cancer Nodal Management, Taiwan First Annual International Thyroid Symposium, Taiwan

2008 Standards in RLN Monitoring- Grand Rounds, National Taiwan Medical University, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taiwan

2008 Standards in RLN Monitoring, Status of American Endocrine Surgery, Japanese Association of Endocrine Surgery 2008 Annual Meeting Sendai, Japan

2008 Thyroid Surgery 2008, (Invited speaker and President of the Scientific Committee) 5th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands, Zagreb, Croatia,

2009 Thyroid Cancer Nodal surgery, XII Latin America Thyroid Association: Kocher Centennial Conference, Gramado, Brazil

2009 New Horizons in Neural Monitoring, International Symposium of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve, Varese, Italy

2009 Thyroid Cancer Surgery, Neural Monitoring, (Speaker and Steering Committee member) World Congress on Thyroid Cancer, Toronto, Canada

2009 Thyroid Cancer Surgery and Papillary Cancer Nodal Management, Third International Conference and Workshop on Head, Neck Reconstructive and Surgery Shanghai, China

2009 RLN monitoring during thyroid cancer surgery, Australian Thyroid and Parathyroid Conference,

Noosa, Australia

2010 Neural Monitoring, International Symposium of the Graves disease, Varese, Italy

29

2010 Neural Monitoring, International Neural Monitoring Study Group Meeting, Brussels, Belgium 2010 Neural Monitoring and Central Neck Dissection, Royal Belgium Society of Head and Neck

Surgery meeting, Genk, Belgium

2010 Neural Monitoring and Cancer Surgery 6th Annual General Surgery Meeting, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2010 Neural Monitoring and Cancer Surgery, King Fahd Specialty Hospital, Damman, Saudi Arabia

2010 US Neural monitoring in 2010, Spanish Neural Monitoring Conference, Madrid, Spain

2011 Neural Monitoring, 3rd International Course on Endocrine Surgery Intraoperative monitoring of Laryngeal nerves in thyroid surgery (served as lecturer and Course Director), Varese, Italy

2011 Thyroid Surgery and Voice, UK Hammersmith course, Royal Society of Medicine, London, UK

2011 Neural Monitoring and Cancer Surgery, 35th International Congress of General Surgery. Mexican and Latin American Federation of General Surgery Associations, Veracruz, Mexico

2011 Neural Monitoring and Cancer Surgery, International Thyroid Surgery meeting, Noosa, Australia

2012 Neural Monitoring 2012, George Choa Visiting Professor Dept of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

2012 Thyroid Surgery and Voice, The Charles Proye Lecturer, European Society of Endocrine Surgery, Gothenburg, Sweden

2012 Neural Monitoring 2012, (served as Course Director and lecturer), 3rd International Neural Monitoring Study Group in thyroid surgery, Baveno, Italy

2012 Thyroid Surgery and Voice, The British Journal of Surgery Lecture, British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons, Cardiff, UK

2012 Thyroid and Voice, Anisio Costa Toledo Guest Invited Keynote lecturer, 53rd Brazilian Course on Thyroid Surgery, Sao Paolo, Brazil

2012 Neural Monitoring Standards, (served as lecturer and Codirector) 3rd Annual International Course on Endocrine Surgery and Neural monitoring, Varese, Italy

2012 Global Goiter Surgery, All African ENT Meeting with AAO, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe

2012 Thyroid Surgery and Complications, ATA invited meet the professor lecture, ATA Annual Meeting, Quebec City, Canada

2013 Voice and Thyroid, Surgery and Nodal Detection for Thyroid Cancer, Istanbul Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Society, Istanbul, Turkey

2013 Voice and Thyroid Surgery and Nodal Detection for Thyroid Cancer in 6th Turkish Endocrine Surgery Congress, Antalya, Turkey

30

2013 IONM in Thyroid Cancer, European Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Berlin, Germany

2013 AAOHNS Update 2013 Panel Chair, Panelist Thyroid Cancer Recurrence Surgery, Instructional Course Thyroid Surgery Neural Monitoring, Keynote Speaker Thyroid Cancer Surgery. 20th IFOS World Congress, Seoul, South Korea

2013 The Future of Neural Monitoring for Thyroid Cancer -11th Annual Morley Binstock Lectureship in Head and Neck Oncology, University of Toronto and Mt Sinai Hospital, Montreal, Canada

2013 Neuromonitoring and Laryngology Symposium (served chair and speaker), International Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Helsinki, Finland

2013 Panel chair nodal disease, invited speaker IONM World Congress on Thyroid Cancer, Toronto Canada

2013 IONM 2013 State of the Art, BAETS meeting, Rome, Italy

2013 IONM, Revision Surgery, Nodal detection for Thyroid Cancer, 5th Biannual Australian Thyroid Parathyroid Conference, Noosa, Australia

2014 Thyroid Surgery and Neural Monitoring (served as lecturer and leader surgical goiter mission in rural mountainous region of Southern India in association with the Nagpur Rotary 13th Thyroid Surgical Workshop, Chikhaldara and Nagpur, India

2014 New Horizons in Neural Monitoring, (served as lecturer and Co-director) 4th Annual International Course on Endocrine Surgery and Neural monitoring, Varese, Italy

2014 Neural monitoring in thyroid surgery, Mexico Masters in Endocrine Surgery course, Mexico City, Mexico

2014 Thyroid Cancer Surgery in 2014, 85th Argentine Congress of Surgery Buenos Aires, Argentina

2014 Intraoperative Neural Monitoring, Greek Association of Endocrine Surgery and International Association of Endocrine Surgery (IAES) Postgraduate course, Messina, Greece

2014 Neural Monitoring-Guidelines, 1st Symposium of Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society (KINMOS), Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea

2014 Thyroid Cancer Surgery and Neural Monitoring, St Petersburg Academy of Endocrine Surgery International Congress, St Petersburg, Russia

2014 Nerve Complications in Thyroid Surgery: The New AAO and ATA Guidelines, Al Driedger Lecture, Schulich Medical School Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada

2015 Thyroid Cancer Surgery and the ATA Guidelines, 2015 Annual Congress of the Korean Society of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Asia-Pacific Surgery Symposium, Seoul, South Korea

2015 Neural Monitoring and Thyroid Cancer Surgery, 7th Turkish Congress of Endocrine Surgery, Antalya, Turkey

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2015 Thyroid Surgery Neural Monitoring, 2nd London International Thyroid Forum- Royal College Surgical Society, London, UK

2015 Thyroid Cancer- Voice and Nodal Surgery, New Frontiers in Thyroid Cancer Congress, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

2015 The Electrophysiology of Thyroid Surgery, First World Congress on Neural Monitoring of the International Neural Monitoring Study Group (Lecturer and Congress Co-Chair), Krakow, Poland

2015 Neural Monitoring, Thyroid Cancer Revision Surgery, 6th Multidisclipinary Thyroid Surgical

Congress, Noosa, Australia 2016 ATA Guidelines and the Surgeon AAO/Pan American Congress , Havana Cuba 2016 Neural Monitoring, Papillary Carcinoma Nodal Management, ATA Risk Adapted Surgical

Management, Chilean Society of Endocrinology and Diabetes First International Symposium on Thyroid Cancer and Nodules, Santiago Chile

2016 Keynote Speaker Neural Monitoring And the Invaded Nerve Second International Endocrine Surgery Conference-Recent Progress in Endocrine Surgery Director Katrin Bruckhoff Bergen Norway

2016 Invited Speaker Neural monitoring in thyroid surgery 2016 Society of French Otolaryngology annual meeting Director Dominique Chevalier Paris France

2017 Invited speaker Chinese Society of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery-Sino -US Presidential Executive Conference Beijing China-Dr. Ming Gao Chair

2017 Plenary lecture on thyroid cancer at the 29th annual Congress of the Japanese Association of Endocrine Surgeons, Kuma hospital Japan, Monitoring for Thyroid Surgery

2017 Annual National Congress of the Japanese Otolaryngology Association, Hiroshima 2017 Invited Speaker -Thyroid Cancer Surgery Latin America Thyroid Association Rio de Janerio

Brazil 2017 Invited Keynote Speaker- The Kocher Lecture Swiss Otolaryngology Association

Electrophysiology of Thyroid Surgery and Management of Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer and NIFTP Interlaken Switzerland

2017 International Federation of Otolaryngologic Societies Paris Invited Speaker Thyroid Cancer and the American Academy of Otolaryngology Global Outreach

2017 World Congress on Thyroid Cancer Boston June 28 to June 30 Congress Cochair2017 Noosa Australian Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgical Conference Invited speaker 2018 Institute Gustave Roussy Villejuif Martin Schlumberger , Dana Hartl Invited Speaker Thyroid

Cancer Central Neck Surgery2018 Denmark Head and Neck Society annual meeting Keynote speaker Nyborg Denmark Parathyroid

Surgery 2018

Report of Clinical Activity and Innovations

Current Licensure and Certification:

Massachusetts: Full Medical licenseBoard Certified: Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 1993

Practice Activities:

32

Type of activity Name and location of practice Level of activity (days/wk)

1992 – present Practice focused on thyroid MEEI, Division of Thyroid and 1.5 clinic, 2 OR and parathyroid surgery Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery

1998 – present Practice focused on thyroid MGH, Surg Onc, Dept. Surgery 1 clinic/OR and parathyroid surgery

Clinical Innovations:

Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring and management during thyroid surgeryMy main research and clinical education/teaching focus is intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve

monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery (IONM). As a result of this experience I was the lead and second author on two publications on international neural monitoring guidelines (peer reviewed guidelines ref # 5 and 9) the first of which was the most cited article for the journal Laryngoscope for the year 2012. I have developed and published on canine and porcine electrophysiologic models of RLN injury (peer reviewed ref # 16, 19, 20, 57, 60, 61, 62, 64,74,78). IONM’s acceptance has varied depending on the surgical subspecialty training. Rates of IONM use have increased over the last decade and is currently used, according to surgical survey data, in approximately 80% of thyroid surgery performed by head neck surgeons and over 50% of general surgeons in the US and is used more commonly by surgeons with higher surgical volume . Our recent survey of over 40 thyroid/endocrine fellowship trained surgeons (including those trained at MGH and MEEI) suggests fellows use IONM in nearly 100% of their own subsequent cases (ref # 59). Of note currently at MGH five of the seven endocrine surgeons currently use neural monitoring in all cases. Through our human case series and our canine and porcine models, I have defined specific clinical surgical applications for neural monitoring and have published on a simple laryngeal palpation method of neural monitoring (ref # 8) and have more recently on detailed quantitative normative EMG intraoperative ranges that allow for prediction of postoperative normal vocal cord function ( ref # 29, 32,41,42,68,79). The superior laryngeal nerve is an additional important structure to preserve especially for professional voice users undergoing thyroidectomy. I recently published two of the first descriptions of the electrophysiology of the human superior laryngeal nerve (ref # 35 and 40) as well as a unique series of professional voice users undergoing thyroidectomy with IONM (ref # 55). Currently German Association of Endocrine Surgery guidelines and the International Neural Monitoring Study Group both describe neural monitoring as in all cases of thyroid and parathyroid surgery (guidelines ref #5,9, . Recently published American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS) and American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) thyroid surgery guidelines (guidelines ref # 8,10) note that neural monitoring has clear utility in neural identification, reduction of transient nerve paralysis rates, prognostication of nerve function and avoidance of bilateral cord paralysis. Through my work on the 2015 ATA Thyroid Nodule and Thyroid Cancer Guidelines (guidelines ref #12) the main international guidelines for thyroid management seven new surgical recommendations relating to voice, laryngeal exam, neural management and IONM are for the first time part of the 2015 guidelines.

Laryngeal exam prior to thyroid surgery I have published clinical research on the clinical utility of laryngeal examination information at the time of thyroid surgery (ref #9) and have brought this clinical message forward through lectures and writing in the US and abroad to both medical endocrinology and general surgical communities (other peer reviewed #6, 8). I have been an invited lecture and advisor to the Scandinavian Quality Registry regarding the incorporation of voice and laryngeal exam data fields in their registry which is the largest endocrine surgical outcome registry

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in the world including national endocrine surgical databanks of Sweden, Norway and Denmark. In the 2008 report of the Scandinavian Quality register I was honored to be described as “perhaps the most distinguished authority in the field [of neural injury in association with thyroid surgery]". I have had leadership roles in both AAOHNS and AHNS laryngeal exam guidelines at the time of thyroid surgery (guidelines ref # 8,10).

Report of Education of Patients and Service to the Community

Activities:

Thyroid Cancer Survivors Group (ThyCa) - Lay organization to help educate and support patients

2001 Voice and Thyroid Cancer -lecture at IVth International ThyCa Congress, Washington, DC, September 2001 Thyroid Cancer Surgery Lecture, ThyCa Annual Meeting

2013 Voice and Thyroid cancer and Surgery, ThyCa webpod cast

Chernobyl Children Project - Charitable group caring for Chernobyl region children

2004 Member2005 Board of Directors

Other

2010 Editorial Index “Dirty Bombshell” informational book on Thyroid Cancer written by one of my Patients directed toward the lay public

2014-present

MEEI Patient Public Forum- Your Thyroid- Nodules and Cancer– Annual MEEI public service by the MEEI Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgical Division

Recognition:

2003, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Boston Magazine “Top Doc”

2015 Newsweek Top Cancer Doctors list 2015

REPORT OF SCHOLARSHIP

Total Peer Reviewed -184

Peer Reviewed Publications

Research Investigations:

1. Serosi P, Randolph GW, Weiss G, Goldsmith S. Effect of antirelaxin antiserum on sperm motility in vitro. Endocrinol 1983:1860.

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2. Randolph GW, Fuchs A. Pulsatile administration enhances the effect and reduces the dose of oxytocin required for induction of labor. Am J Perinatol 1989;6(2):159-66. (Presented at National Student Research Forum, Galveston, TX, April 1987).

3. Randolph GW, Daniels G, Fabian RL. Perithyroid teflonoma mimicking a thyroid mass. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995; 112(3):465-8.

4. Reiter E, Randolph GW. The microscopic detection of occult malignancy in the adult tonsil. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997; 117(2):167.

5. Metson RB, Cosenza MJ, Cunningham MJ, Randolph GW. Physician experience with an optical image-guidance system for sinus surgery. Laryngoscope 2000; 110:972-6.

6. Randolph GW, Daniels GH. Radioactive iodine lobe ablation as an alternative to completion thyroidectomy for follicular carcinoma of the thyroid. Thyroid 2002; 12(1):989-96.

7. Heaton JT, Goldstein EA, Kobler JB, Zeitels SM, Randolph GW, Walsh MJ, Gooey JE, Hillman RE. Surface electromyographic activity in total laryngectomees following laryngeal nerve transfer to neck strap muscles. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2004; 113(9):754-64.

8. Randolph GW, Kobler JB, Wilkins J. Recurrent laryngeal nerve identification during thyroid surgery: laryngeal palpation. World J Surg 2004;28(8):755-60.

9. Randolph GW, Kamani D. The importance of laryngoscopy in all patients undergoing thyroidectomy: Voice, vocal cord function, and the detection of invasive disease. Surgery 2006; 139:357-62.

10. Sanders E, Livolsi V, Brierly J, Shin J, Randolph GW. An evidenced based review of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer. World J Surg 2006; 31:934-45.

11. Stephen AE, Roth SI, Fardo DW, Finkelstein DM, Randolph GW, Gaz RD, Hodin RA. Predictors of an accurate preoperative sestamibi scan for single-gland parathyroid adenomas. Arch Surg 2007;142(4):381-86.

12. Scott A, Siao TCP, Randolph GW, Hartnick CJ. Intraoperative laryngeal electromyography in children with vocal cord immobility: A simplified technique. Int J Ped Otolaryngol 2008; 72:31-40.

13. Etit D. Faquin WC. Gaz R, Randolph G, DeLellis RA, Pilch BZ. Histopathologic and clinical features of medullary carcinoma and c-cell hyperplasia in prophylactic thyroidectomies for medullary carcinoma: A study of 42 cases. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2008; 132: 1767-1773

14. Liu RB, Randolph GW, Lu WM, Wu ZH. Real-time laryngeal electromyographic monitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery. J SUNY Univ (Med Sci) 2008;29(6):724.

15. White WM, Randolph GW, Hartnick CJ, Cunningham MJ. Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy and related cervical procedures in the pediatric population. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009 Jan;135(1):88-94.

16. Scott AR, Chong PS, Brigger M, Randolph GW, Hartnick CJ. Serial Electromyography of the thyroarytenoid muscles in a canine Model of Vocal Fold Paralysis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2009; 118:56-669.

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17. Mekel M, Stephen AE, Gaz RD, Randolph GW, Richer S, Perry ZH, Lubitz CC, Nehs M, Parangi S, Hodin RA. Surgical drains can be safely avoided in lateral neck dissections for papillary thyroid cancer. Am J Surg 2010;199(4):485-90.

18. Lewis CM, Chang K P, Pitman M, Faquin WC, Randolph GW. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy: Variability in reporting. Thyroid 2009;19(7):717-23.

19. Wu CW, Lu CI, Randolph GW, Kuo WR, Lee KW, Chen CL, Chiang FY. Investigation of the optimal intensity and the safety of electrical nerve stimulation during intraoperative neuromonitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve: a prospective porcine model. Head Neck J 2010; 32(10):1295-1301.

20. Scott AR, Chong PS, Hartnick CJ, Randolph GW. Spontaneous and evoked laryngeal electromyography of the thyroarytenoid muscle: a canine model for intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring. Ann Rhinol Laryngol 2010; 119:54-63.

21. Lubitz, C, Faquin W, Yang J, Mekel M, Gaz R, Parengi S, Randolph G, Hodin R, Stephen A. Clinical and cytologic features predictive of malignancy in thyroid neoplasms. Thyroid 2010;20 (1) 25-31.

22. Lubitz C, Gaz R, Parengi S, Hodin R, Randolph GW, Stephen A. Accuracy of 4D-CT in poorly localized patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Surgery 2010;148(6): 1129-113.

23. Randolph GW, Shin J, Grillo H, Mathisen D, Katlic M, Kamani D, Zurakowski D. Surgical management of goiter Part II surgical treatment and results. Laryngoscope 2011;121: 68-76.

24. Shin J, Grillo H, Mathisen D, Katlic M, Zurakowski D, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Surgical management of goiter: Part I preoperative assessment. Laryngoscope 2011;121: 60-67.

25. Yip DT, Hassan M, Pazaitou-Panayiotou K, Ruan DT, Gawande AA, Gaz RD, Moore FD, Jr., Hodin RA, Stephen AE, Sadow PM, Daniels GH, Randolph GW, Parangi S, Lubitz CC. Preoperative basal calcitonin level and not extent of surgery correlates with post-operative calcitonin levels in patients undergoing initial surgical management of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery 2011 Dec; 150(6): 1168-77.

26. Dionigi G, Bacuzzi A, Barczynski M, Biondi A, Boni L, Chiang FY, Dralle H, Randolph GW, Rausei S, Sacco R, Sitges-Serra A. Implementation of Systematic Neuromonitoring training for Thyroid Surgery. Updates Surg 2011; 63: 201-7.

27. Dionigi G, Alesina P, Barzinski M, Boni L, Chiang FY, Kim HY, Materazzi G, Randolph GW, Terris D, Wu CW. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury in Video-Assisted Thyroidectomy: Lessons Learned from Neuromonitoring. Surg Endosc 2012; 26 (9):2601-2508.

28. Lubitz, CC, Nagarkatti, SS, Faquin, WC, Samir, AE, Hassan, MC, Barbesino, G, Ross, DS, Randolph, GW, Gaz, RD, Stephen, AE, Hodin, RA, Daniels, GH, Parangi, S. Diagnostic Yield of Non-Diagnostic Thyroid Nodules Is Not Altered by Timing of Repeat Biopsy. Thyroid 2012; 22(6): 590-4.

29. Phelan E, Potenza P, Slough C, Zurakowski D, Kamani D, Randolph G. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery: Normative Vagal and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Electrophysiological Data. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 147(4):640-646. 

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30. Lubitz C, Sushruta S. Nagarkatti S, Faquin W, Samir A, Hassan M, Barbesino G, Ross D, Randolph G, Gaz R, Stephen A, Hodin R, Daniels G, and Parangi S, Diagnostic Yield of Non-Diagnostic Thyroid Nodules Is Not Altered by Timing of Repeat Biopsy. Thyroid 2012; 22(6):590-4.

31. Prescott JD, Sadow PM, Hodin R, Le LL, Gaz RD, Randolph GW, Stephen AE, Parangi S, Lubitz C, BRAFV600E status adds incremental value to current risk classification systems in predicting papillary thyroid carcinoma recurrence. Surgery 2012; 152:984-90.

32. Schneider R*, Randolph GW*, Sekulla C, Phelan E, Thanh P N, Bucher M, Machens A, Dralle H, Lorenz K, Continuous Intraoperative Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Identification of Imminent Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury. Head Neck 2013; 35(11):1591-8. (*denotes equal first author).

33. Ali S, Fish S, Lanman R, Randolph GW, Sosa JA Use of the Afirma® Gene Expression Classifier for Preoperative Identification of Benign Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate Fine Needle Aspiration Cytopathology, PloS Currents: Evidence for Genomics Tests. PLoS Curr 2013; 11;5. 

34. Lesnik D, Cunnane MB, Zurakowski D, Acar GO, Ecevit C, Mace A, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Nodal Surgery Directed by a Preoperative Radiographic Map Utilizing CT

Scan and Ultrasound in all Primary and Reoperative Patients. Head Neck 2014;36(2):191-202. doi: 10.1002/hed.23277. Epub 2013 Apr 2.

35. Potenza AS, Phelan EA, Cernea CR, Slough CM, Kamani DV, Darr A, Zurakowski D, Randolph GW. Normative Intra-operative Electrophysiologic Waveform Analysis of Superior Laryngeal Nerve External

Branch and Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery, World J Surg. 2013 Oct; 37(10):2336-42.

36. Conti de Freitas LC, Phelan E, Liu L, Gardecki J, Namati E, Warger WC, Tearney GJ, Randolph GW. Optical coherence tomography imaging during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: A novel system of tissue

identification and differentiation to obviate tissue resection and frozen section. Head Neck. 2014 Sep;36(9):1329-34. doi: 10.1002/hed.23452. Epub 2013 Nov 21.

37. Phelan E, Kamani D, Shin J, Randolph GW. Neural Monitored Revision Thyroid Cancer Surgery-Surgical Safety and Thyroglobulin Response Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. 2013; 149 (1):47-52

38. Caragacianu D, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Intraoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery: The Electrophysiologic Normative Reference Range Associated with Normal Postoperative Vocal Cord Function Laryngoscope. Laryngoscope. 2013 Dec;123(12):3026-31. doi: 10.1002/lary.24195. Epub 2013 Aug 5.

39. Kamani D, Randolph GW. Electrophysiologic monitoring characteristics of the recurrent laryngeal nerve preoperatively paralyzed or invaded with malignancy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Nov;149(5):682-8. doi: 10.1177/0194599813504735. Epub 2013 Sep 17.

40. Darr A, Tufano R, Ozdemir S, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Superior Laryngeal Nerve Intraoperative Electrophysiologic Quantitative Monitoring is Possible in all Patients During Thyroid Surgery. Laryngoscope. 2014 Apr;124(4):1035-41

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41. Phelan E, Dralle H, Lorenz K, Schneider R, Potenza A, Kamani D, Sritharan N, Shin J, Randolph GW. Continuous Vagal Intraoperative Monitoring prevents Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve paralysis in patients by revealing initial EMG Changes of Impending Neuropraxic Injury: A Prospective, Multicenter Study. Laryngoscope. 2014 Jun;124(6):1498-505. doi: 10.1002/lary.24550. Epub 2014 Feb 6

42. Sritharan N, Chase M, Kamani D, Randolph M, Randolph GW. The vagus nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve have unique latencies allowing for intraoperative documentation of intact neural function during thyroid surgery. Laryngoscope. 2015 Feb;125(2): E84-9. doi: 10.1002/lary.24781. Epub 2014 Jun 19.

43. Kandil E, Mohamed SE, Deniwar A, Mohamed H, Friedlander P, Aslam R, Saeed A, Musa I, Randolph GW. Electrophysiologic identification and monitoring of the External Branch of Superior Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroidectomy. Laryngoscope. 2015 Aug;125(8):1996-2000. doi: 10.1002/lary.25139. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

44. Chambers, KJ, Creighton, F, Abdul-Aziz, D, Cheney, M, and Randolph, GW.  Global health-related publications in otolaryngology are increasing. Laryngoscope. 2015 Apr;125(4):848-51. doi: 10.1002/lary.24906. Epub 2014 Aug 22.

45. Fontenot TE, Randolph G, Masoodi H, Friedlander P, Kandil E. Gender, Race and Electrophysiologic characteristics of the Branched Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve. Laryngoscope. 2014 Oct;124(10):2433-7. 

46. Hauch A, Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Kandil E Total Thyroidectomy is Associated with Increased Risk of complications for Low and High Volume Surgeons. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Jun 19. [Epub ahead of print]

47. Shin JJ, Caragacianu D, Randolph GW Impact of Thyroid Nodule Size on Prevalence and Post-test Probability of Malignancy: A Systematic Review. Laryngoscope. 2015 Jan;125(1):263-72. doi: 10.1002/lary.24784. Epub 2014 Jun 26. 

48. Kamani D, Potenza AS, Cernea CR, Kamani YV Randolph GW. The Non Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Anatomic and Electrophysiologic algorithm for reliable identification. Laryngoscope. 2015 Feb;125(2):503-8. doi: 10.1002/lary.24823. Epub 2014 Jul 9.

49. Chambers K, Pearse A, Coveney J, Rogers S, Kamani D, Sritharan N, Randolph GW. Respiratory Variation Predicts Optimal Endotracheal Tube Placement for Intraoperative Neural Monitoring. World J Surg. 2015 Feb;39(2):393-9.

50. Hauch A, Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Kandil E. The Importance of Surgical Volume on Outcomes in Thyroid Surgery Revisited: Old is in Again. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Aug 14. [Epub ahead of print] 

51. Chen Y, Masiakos PT, Gaz RD, Hodin RA, Parangi S, Randolph GW, Sadow PM, Stephen AE. Pediatric Thyroidectomy in a High Volume Thyroid Surgery Center and Identified Risk Factors for Post-Operative Hypocalcemia. J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Nov 5. pii: S0022-3468(14)00707-6. doi: 10.1016/j. jpedsurg.2014. 10.056. [Epub ahead of print]

52. Fontenot TE, Randolph GW, Setton T, Alsaleh N, Kandil E. Does Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Reliably Aid in Staging of Total Thyroidectomies? Laryngoscope. 2015 Jan 19. doi: 10.1002/lary.25133. [Epub ahead of print]

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53. Kandil E, Mohamed S, Deniwar A, Mohammed H, Friedlander P, Aslam R, Saeed A, Musa L, Randolph GW. Electrophysiologic Identification and monitoring of the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroidectomy. Laryngoscope. 2015 Aug;125(8):1996-2000. doi: 10.1002/lary.25139. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

54. Zeuren R, Biagini A, Grewal R, Randolph G, Sabra M, A Shaha A, Tuttle RM Anatomic sites of RAI avidity remaining in the thyroid bed after total thyroidectomy. Laryngoscope. 2015 Apr 17. doi: 10.1002/lary.25295. [Epub ahead of print]

55. Randolph GW, Sritharan N, Kamani D, Franco F, Song P, Woodson G. Thyroidectomy in the Professional Singer-Neural Monitored Surgical Outcomes. Thyroid. 2015 Jun;25(6):665-71. doi: 10.1089/thy.2014.0467. Epub 2015 Apr 14.

56. Fontenot T, Deniwar A, Bhatia P, Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Kandil E. Percutaneous Ethanol Injection vs Reoperation for Locally Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Jun 1;141(6):512-8.

57. Lin YC, Dionigi G, Randolph GW, Lu IC, Chang PY, Tsai SY, Kim HY, Lee HY, Tufano RP, Chiang FY, Wu CW. Electrophysiologic monitoring correlates of recurrent laryngeal nerve heat thermal injury in a porcine model. Laryngoscope. 2015 Aug; 125(8): E283-90. doi: 10.1002/lary.25362. Epub 2015 May 22.

58. Chambers KJ, Raol N, Song PC, Randolph GW, Hartnick CJ. Laryngeal Reinnervation Using a Split-Hypoglossal Nerve Graft in a Canine Model. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Jul 1;141(7):620-7.

59. Marti J, Holm T, Randolph GW. Universal use of intraoperative nerve monitoring by recently fellowship trained thyroid surgeons is common, associated with higher surgical volume, and impacts intraoperative decision-making. WJS DOI: 10.1007/s00268-015-3238 [Epub ahead of print]

60. Kim HY, Tufano R, Randolph GW, Barczynski M, Wu CW, Chiang FY, Liu X, Masuoka H, Miyauchi A, Park SY, Kwak HY, Lee HY, Dionigi G and the Korean Intraoperative Neural Monitoring Society (KINMoS) Impact of Positional Changes in Neural Monitoring Endotracheal Tube on Amplitude and Latency of Electromyographic Response in Monitored Thyroid Surgery – Results from the Porcine Experiment. Head Neck. 2015 Jun 3. doi: 10.1002/hed.24145. [Epub ahead of print]

61. Wu CW, Chai YJ, Dionigi G, Chiang FY, Liu X, Sun Hui S, Randolph GW, Tufano RP, Kim HY Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Safety Parameters of the Harmonic Focus® during thyroid surgery: A Porcine Model with Continuous Vagal Monitoring. Laryngoscope. 2015 Jul 21. doi: 10.1002/lary.25412. [Epub ahead of print]

62. Puram SV, Chow H, Wu CW, Heaton JT, Kamani D, Gorti G, Chiang FY, Dionigi G, Barczyński M, Schneider R, Dralle H, Lorenz K, , Randolph GW Vocal cord paralysis predicted by neural monitoring electrophysiologic changes with recurrent laryngeal nerve compressive neuropraxic injury in a canine model. Head Neck. 2016 Apr;38 Suppl 1:E1341-50. doi: 10.1002/hed.24225. Epub 2015 Sep 8.

63. Barczyński M, Randolph GW, Cernea C; International Neural Monitoring Study Group in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery International survey on the identification and neural monitoring of the EBSLN during thyroidectomy.Laryngoscope. 2016 Jan;126(1):285-91. doi: 10.1002/lary.25548. Epub 2015 Oct 9.

64. Lu IC, Wu CW, Chang PY, Chen HY, Tseng KY, Randolph GW, Cheng KI, Chiang FY. Reversal of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex allows for optimization of neural

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monitoring of therecurrent laryngeal nerve. Laryngoscope. 2016 Apr;126(4):1014-9. doi: 10.1002/lary.25577. Epub 2016 Jan 9.

65. Dionigi G, Kim HY, Randolph GW, Wu CW, Hui S, Xiaoli L, Kamani D, Barczynsky M, Chiang FY Prospective Validation Study of the Cernea Classification in Predicting EMG Alterations of External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve During Superior Thyroid Artery Dissection and Ligation Surgery Today; (DOI) 10.1007/s00595-015-1245-9

66. Al-Qurayshi Z, Robins R, Hauch A, Randolph G, Kandil E Association of Surgeon Volume With Outcomes and Cost Savings Following Thyroidectomy: A National Forecast. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jan;142(1):32-9. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2015.2503.

67. Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Srivastav S, Kandil E Outcomes in endocrine cancer surgery are affected by racial, economic, and healthcare system demographics. Laryngoscope2015 Sep 15. doi: 10.1002/lary.25606. [Epub ahead of print]

68. Schneider R, Randolph GW, Dionigi G,Barczynski M, Triponez F, Vamvakidis K,Brauckhoff K, Musholt TJ, Almquist M, Innaro N, Chiang FY, Jimenez-Garcia A, Kraimps JL, Miyauchi A, Wojtczak B, Donatini G, Lombardi D, Müller U, Pezzullo L, Ratia T, Van Slycke S, Nguyen Thanh P, Lorenz K, Sekulla C, Machens A, Dralle H. Prospective study of vocal fold function after loss of the neuromonitoring signal in thyroid surgery: The International Neural Monitoring Study Group's POLT study. Laryngoscope. 2016 May;126(5):1260-6. doi: 10.1002/lary.25807. Epub 2015 Dec 15.

69. Salari B, Ren Y, Kamani D, Randolph GW Revision neural monitored surgery for recurrent thyroid cancer: Safety and thyroglobulin response. Laryngoscope. 2016 Apr;126(4):1020-5. doi: 10.1002/lary.25796. Epub 2015 Nov 26.

70. Zizic M, Faquin W, Stephen AE, Kamani D, Nehme R, Slough CM, Randolph GW Upper neck papillary thyroid cancer (UPTC): A new proposed term for the composite of thyroglossal duct cyst-associated papillary thyroid cancer, pyramidal lobe papillary thyroid cancer, and Delphian node papillary thyroid cancer metastasis. Laryngoscope. 2015 Dec 21. doi: 10.1002/lary.25824. [Epub ahead of print]

71. Al-Qurayshi Z, Robins R, Hauch A, Randolph G, Kandil E The Impact of Surgeon Volume on Outcomes and Cost Savings following Thyroidectomy: A National Forecast JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Nov 12:1-8. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2015.2503. [Epub ahead of print]

72. Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Srivastav S, Kandil E. Outcomes in endocrine cancer surgery are affected by racial, economic, and healthcare system demographics. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(3):775-781.

73. Nikiforov YE, Seethala RR, Tallini G, Baloch ZW, Basolo F, Thompson LD, Barletta JA, Wenig BM, Al Ghuzlan A, Kakudo K, Giordano TJ, Alves VA, Khanafshar E, Asa SL, El-Naggar AK, Gooding WE, Hodak SP, Lloyd RV, Maytal G, Mete O, Nikiforova MN, Nosé V, Papotti M, Poller DN, Sadow PM, Tischler AS, Tuttle RM, Wall KB, LiVolsi VA, Randolph GW, Ghossein RA Nomenclature Revision for Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Paradigm Shift to Reduce Overtreatment of Indolent Tumors. JAMA Oncol. 2016 Apr 14. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0386. [Epub ahead of print]

74. Puram SV, Chow H, Wu CW, Heaton JT, Kamani D, Gorti G, Chiang FY, Dionigi G, Barczynski M, Schneider R, Dralle H, Lorenz K, Randolph GW. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle electrophysiologic changes are predictive of vocal cord paralysis with recurrent laryngeal nerve compressive injury in a canine

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model. Laryngoscope. 2016 Apr 26. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lary.25967/full [Epub ahead of print]

75. Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Alshehri M, Kandil E. Analysis of Variations in the Use of Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Apr 21. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.0412. [Epub ahead of print]

76. Chambers K, Anthony D, Stopa E, Randolph GW, Hartnick C, Song P. Patterns of Denervation Injury Following Complete vs Partial Hypoglossal Nerve Transection in a Canine Model. Laryngoscope. Accepted.

77. Liddy W, Barber S, Cinquepalmi M, Lin B, Kyriazidis N, Belotti C, Kamani D, Sadana A, Dralle H, Schneider R, Dionigi G, Barczynski M, Wu CW, Chiang FY, Randolph GW. The Electrophysiology of Thyroid Surgery: Electrophysiologic and Muscular Responses with Stimulation of the Vagus, RLN, and EBSLN. Laryngoscope. 2016 Jul 4. doi: 10.1002/lary.26147. [Epub ahead of print]

78. Wu CW, Liu X, Barczynski M, Kim HY, Dionigi G, Sun H, Chiang FY, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Optimal Stimulation during Monitored Thyroid Surgery: EMG Response Characteristics in a Porcine Model. Laryngoscope Laryngoscope. 2016 Jul 1. doi: 10.1002/lary.26141. [Epub ahead of print]

79. Randolph GW, Kamani D. Intraoperative Electrophysiologic Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: Experience with 1381 nerves at risk. Laryngoscope 2016 Jul 8. doi: 10.1002/lary.26166. [Epub ahead of print] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27374859

80. Barber S, Liddy W, Kyriazidis N, Cinquepalmi M, Lin B, Modi R, Patricio S, Kamani D, Belotti C, Mahamad S, Lawson B, Randolph GW. Changes in electromyographic amplitudes but not latencies occur with endotracheal tube malpositioning during intraoperative monitoring for thyroid surgery: Implications for guidelines. Acepted Laryngoscope August 2016

81. Dionigi G, Chiang FY, Kim HY, Randolph GW, Mangano A, Chang PY, Lu IC, Lin YC, Wu CW Safety of LigaSure®in recurrent laryngeal nerve dissection- Porcine Model using Continuous Monitoring

accepted Laryngoscope August 2016

82. Goyal N, Pakdaman M, Kamani D, Caragacianu D, Goldenberg D, Randolph GW Mapping the distribution of nodal metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma: Where are the nodes exactly? Laryngoscope. 2017 Aug;127(8):1959-1964. doi: 10.1002/lary.26495. Epub 2017 Mar 8. PMID: 2827151

83. Cunnane M, Kyriazidis N, Kamani D, Juliano AF, Kelly HR, Curtin HD, Barber SR, Randolph GW.A novel thyroid cancer nodal map classification system to facilitate nodal localization and surgical management: The A to D map. Laryngoscope. 2017 Oct;127(10):2429-2436. doi: 10.1002/lary.26433. Epub 2016 Nov 30. PMID: 27900764

84. Liddy W, Barber S, Lin B, Kamani D, Kyriazidis N, Lawson B, Randolph GW Monitoring of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle represents another option for neural monitoring during thyroid surgery: normative vagal and recurrent laryngeal nerve posterior cricoarytenoid muscle electromyographic data -accepted Laryngoscope

85. Al-Qurayshi1 ZA, Kandil E, Randolph GW Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring is Cost-Effective in Patients Undergoing Bilateral Thyroidectomy Br J Surg. 2017 Jul 14. doi: 10.1002/bjs.10582. [Epub ahead of print]PMID: 28707698

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86. Salari B, Hammon R, Kamani D, Randolph GW Staged Surgical Management for Advanced Thyroid Cancers: Safety and Oncologic Outcomes in Neural Monitored Surgery Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 May;156(5):816-821. doi: 10.1177/0194599817697189. Epub 2017 Apr 4

87. Shama M, Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph GW, Kandil E Minimal Extrathyroidal Extension does not reduce Survival in Patients with Well-differentiated Thyroid Cancer- accepted Endocrine Related Cancer

88. Uludag S,Teksoz S, Arikan A,Tarhan O, Yener H, Ozcan M, Liddy W, Randolph GW Effect of energy based devices on voice quality after total thyroidectomy - accepted European Archives of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck DOI 10.1007/s00405 – 016 – 4444 – 0

89. Duh QY, Busaidy NL, Rahilly-Tierney C, Gharib H, Randolph G. A systematic review of the methods of diagnostic accuracy studies of the Afirma Gene Expression Classifier. Thyroid. 2017 Aug [Epub ahead of print].

90. Chiang FY, Lu IC, Chan PY, Dionigi G, Randolph GW, Sun H, Lee KD,Tae K, Ji YB, Kim SW Lee HS, Wu CW Comparison of EMG signals recorded by surface electrodes on endotracheal tube and thyroid

cartilage during monitored thyroidectomy. Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences 2017 33,503-50991. Lu, I-C, Chang, P-Y, Randolph G W, Chen, HY, Tseng, K-Y, Lin, Y-C, Chiang, F-Y and Wu, C-W

(2018), Safety of high-current stimulation for intermittent intraoperative neural monitoring in thyroid surgery: A porcine model. The Laryngoscope. doi:10.1002/lary.27086

92. Kandil E, Mohsin K, Murcy M, Mohamed S, Randolph GW Continuous Vagal Monitoring Improves Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Outcomes During Neck Surgery Accepted Laryngoscope

93. Patel K, Angell T, Babiarz J, Barth, N, Blevins T, Duh QY, Ghossein R, Harrell RM, Huang J, Kennedy G, Kim SY, Kloos R, LiVolsi V, Randolph G, Sadow P, Shanik M, Sosa J, Traweek ST, Walsh S, Whitney D, Yeh M, Ladenson P Genomic Sequencing Classifier for the Preoperative Diagnosis of Cytologically Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules Accepted Thyroid

94.  Ibraheem K,  Haddad A,  Farag M, Toraih E, Randolph G, Kandil E Diagnostic Accuracy of Selective Parathyroid Venous Sampling for Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-analysis accepted Laryngoscope

95.  Nabhan F, Porter K, Lupo MA, Randolph GW, Patel KN, Kloos R Heterogeneity in PPV of RAS Mutations in Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules accepted Thyroid

96. Wu CW, Chiang FY, Randolph GW, Dionigi G, Kim HY, Lin YC, Huang TY, Lin CI, Hun PC, Kamani D, Chang PY, Lu IC Transcutaneous Recording during Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Thyroid Surgery accepted Thyroid

97. Schneider R, Randolph G, Dionigi G, Barczynski M, Chiang FY, Wu CW, Musholt TJ,fUludag M, Özer M, Sezer A, Teksös S, Weber T, Sekulla C, Lorenz K, Özdemir M, Machens A, Dralle H Prediction of Postoperative Vocal Fold Function After Intraoperative Recovery of Loss of Signal The International Neuromonitoring Study Group’s PREC Study accepted Laryngoscope

98. Liddy W, Lawson BR, Barber S, Kamani D, Shama M, Soylu S, Wu CW, Chiang FY, Scharpf J, Barczynski M, Dralle H, Slycke SV, Schneider R, Dionigi G, Randolph GW. Anterior Laryngeal Electrodes in Thyroid & Parathyroid Surgery: New Expanded Options for IONM, The Laryngoscope (accepted) DOI:10.1002/lary.27362

99. Al-Qurayshi Z, Khadra H, Chang K, Pagedar N, Randolph GW, Kandil E. Risk and survival of patients with medullary thyroid cancer: National perspective. Oral Oncol. 2018;83:59-63.

100. Shuo H, Garstka M, Murcy M, Bamford J, Kang SW, Randolph G, Kandil E. Recognition of Imminent Brachial Plexus Injury Secondary to Arm Positioning During Robotic Transaxillary Surgery Using Somatosensory Evoked Potential. Laryngoscope. In press.

Peer Reviewed Guidelines:

1. Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA, Asa SL, Rosai J, Merino MJ, Randolph G, Vielh P, DeMay RM, Sidawy MK, Frable WJ. Diagnostic terminology and morphologic criteria for cytologic diagnosis of thyroid lesions: a

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synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008; Jun;36(6):425-37

2. Pitman MB, Abele J, Ali SZ, Duick D, Elsheikh TM, Jeffrey RB, Powers CN, Randolph G, Renshaw A, Scoutt L. Techniques for thyroid FNA: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008; Jun;36(6):407-24

3. Carty SE, Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Duh QY, Kloos RT, Mandel SJ, Randolph GW, Stack BC Jr, Steward DL, Terris DJ, Thompson GB, Tufano RP, Tuttle RM, Udelsman R. Consensus statement on the terminology and classification of central neck dissection for thyroid cancer. American Thyroid Association Surgery Working Group: American Association of Endocrine Surgeons: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; American Head and Neck Society, Thyroid 2009;19(11):1153-8.

4. Perrier N, Randolph GW, Inabnet W, Marple B, VanHeerden J, Kuppersmity R. Robotic thyroidectomy a framework for new technology assessment and safe implementation. Thyroid 2010; 20 (12): 1327-1332.

5. Randolph GW, Dralle H and the International Neural Monitoring Study Group. Electrophysiologic recurrent laryngeal and nerve monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: International standards guidelines statement. Laryngoscope 2011;121: S1-S16.

This paper was the most cited paper for the journal Laryngoscope for 2012

6. Carty S, Doherty G, Inabnet W, Pasieka J, Randolph GW, Shaha A, Terris D, Tufano R, Tuttle M. American Thyroid Association Statement on Essential Elements of Interdisciplinary Communications of Perioperative Information for Patients Undergoing Thyroid Cancer Surgery, Thyroid 2012;22 (4):395-399

7. Randolph GW, Duh QY, Heller KS, Livolsi VA, Mandel SJ, Steward DL, Tufano RP, Tuttle RM (For The American Thyroid Association Surgical Affairs Committee's Taskforce On Thyroid Cancer Nodal Surgery). The prognostic significance of nodal metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma can be stratified based on the size and number of metastatic lymph nodes, as well as the presence of extranodal extension. Thyroid 2012;22(11):1144-52.

8. Chandrasekhar S, Randolph GW, Seidman MS, Rosenfeld R, Angelos P, Barkmeier-Kraemer J, S. Benninger M, Blumin J, Dennis G, Hanks J, Haymart M, Kloos RT, Seals B, Schreibstein J M, Thomas T M, Waddington C, Warren B, Robertson PJ American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Practice Guideline: Improving Voice Outcomes after Thyroid Surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Jun;148(6 Suppl): S1-37.

9. Barczyński M, Randolph GW, Cernea CR, Dralle H, Dionigi G, Alesina PF, Mihai R, Finck C, Lombardi D, Hartl DM, Miyauchi A, Serpell J, Snyder S, Volpi E, Woodson G, Kraimps JL, Hisham AN; International Neural Monitoring Study Group. External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: International Neural Monitoring Study Group Standards Guideline Statement. Laryngoscope. 2013 Sep;123 Suppl 4: S1-14. doi: 10.1002/lary.24301.

10. Shindo M, Kandil E, McCaffrey J, Porterfield J, Caruana S, Shin J, Orloff L, Shaha A, Terris D, Randolph GW-Management of Locally Invasive Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: An Evidence Based American Head and Neck Society Consensus Statement. Head Neck. 2014 Oct;36(10):1379-90. doi: 10.1002/hed.23619. Epub 2014 Aug 23.

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11. Yeh MW, Bauer AJ, Bernet V, Ferris RL, Loevner LA, Mandel SJ, Orloff LA, Randolph GW, Steward D.American Thyroid Association Statement on Preoperative Imaging for Thyroid Cancer Surgery. Thyroid. 2015 Jan;25(1):3-14.

12. Haugen B, Alexander E, Bible K, Doherty G, Mandel S, Nikiforov Y, Pacini F, Randolph GW, Sawka A, Schlumberger M, Schuff K, Sherman S, Sosa J, Steward D, Tuttle M, Wartofsky L 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. 2016 Jan;26(1):1-133. doi: 10.1089/thy.2015.0020.

13. Urken ML, Milas M, Randolph GW, Tufano R, Bergman D, Bernet V, Brett EM, Brierley JD, Cobin R, Doherty G, Klopper J, Lee S, Machac J, Mechanick JI, Orloff LA, Ross D, Smallridge RC, Terris DJ, Clain JB, Tuttle M. Management of Recurrent and Persistent Metastatic Lymph Nodes in Well Differenciated Thyroid Cancer: A Multifactorial Decision Making Guide Created for the Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative. Head Neck. 2015 Apr;37(4):605-14. doi: 10.1002/hed.23615. Epub 2014 Apr 3

14. Herrera M, Ackerstrom G, Angelos P, Wong R, Randolph GW. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review:  Pancreatic Incidentalomas. Endo Pract. 2015; May; 21:546-553

15. Mehra S, Tuttle M, Milas M, Bergan D, Bernet V, Brett E, Cobin R, Doherty G, Judson B, Klopper J, Lee S, Lupo M, Machac J, Mechanik J, Randolph GW, Ross D, Smallridge R, Terris D, Tufano R, Alon E, Clain J, Dos Rev L, Scherl L, Urken M Database and registry research in thyroid cancer: Striving for a new and improved national thyroid cancer database. Thyroid. 2015 Feb;25(2):157-68. doi: 10.1089/thy.2014.0270. Epub 2015 Jan 16.

16. Davies L, Morris L, Haymart M, Chen A, Goldenberg D, Morris J, Ogilvie J, Terris D, Netterville J, Wong R, Randolph GW American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: The Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer Endocrine Practice 2015;21:686-696.

17. Stack BC Jr, Bimston DN, Bodenner DL, Brett EM, Dralle H, Orloff LA, Pallota J, Snyder SK, Wong RJ, Randolph GW American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review:  Hypoparathyroidism- Definitions and Management Endocrine Practice 2015;21:674-685.

18. Solorzano CC, Katznelson L, Liu, EH, Wong R, Randolph GW. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review:  Current Diagnosis and Management of Midgut Carcinoids.  Endo Pract. 2015; May; 21: 534-545.

19. Lairmore T, Diesen D, Goldfarb M, Milas M, Ying A, Sharma J, Wong R, Randolph GW. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: Timing of MEN Thyroidectomy and Central Neck Dissection Endocrine Practice 2015;21(7): 839-847.

20. Kiess AP, Agrawal N, Brierley JD, Duvvuri U, Ferris R, Genden E, Wong RJ, Tuttle RM, Lee NY, Randolph GW. External-beam radiotherapy for differentiated thyroid cancer locoregional control: A statement of the American Head and Neck Society. Head Neck. 2016 Apr;38(4):493-8. doi: 10.1002/hed.24357. Epub 2015 Dec 30.

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21. Sinclair CF, Bumpous JM, Haugen BR, Chala A, Meltzer D, Miller BS, Tolley NS, Shin JJ, Woodson G, Randolph GW. Laryngeal examination in thyroid and parathyroid surgery: An American Head and Neck Society consensus statement: AHNS Consensus Statement. Head Neck. 2016 Jun;38(6):811-9. doi: 10.1002/hed.24409. Epub 2016 Mar 11.

22. Likhterov I, Tuttle RM, Haser GC, Su HK, Bergman D, Alon E, Bernet V, Brett E, Cobin R, Dewey EH, Doherty G, Dos Reis LL, Klopper J, Lee S, Lupo M, Machac J, Mechanick J, Milas M, Orloff L, Randolph GW, Ross DS, Rowe ME, Smallridge R, Terris D, Tufano R, Urken ML. Improving the adoption of the ATA clinical practice guidelines: the role of a computer based clinical decision support system. Thyroid. Accepted.

23. Scharpf J, Tuttle M, Wong R, Drew Ridge D, Smith R, Hartl D, Levine R, Randolph GW. Comprehensive Management of Recurrent Thyroid Cancer: An American Head and Neck Society Consensus Statement. Head and Neck. Accepted.

24. Agrawal N, Evasovich M, Kandil E, Noureldine S I, Felger EA, MD,Tufano RP, Kraus DH, Orloff LA, Grogan R, Angelos P, Stack BC, McIver B, Randolph GW. The Indications and Extent of Central Neck Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Cancer: An American Head and Neck Society Consensus Statement accepted Head and Neck

25. Fundakowski C, Hales N, Agarwal N, Barczyński M, Camacho P, Hartl D, Kandil E, Liddy W, McKenzie T, Morris J, Ridge J, Schneider R, Serpell J, Catherine F. Sinclair C, Snyder S, Terris D, Tuttle M, Wu CW, Wong R, Zafereo M, Randolph GW. Surgical Management of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve inThyroidectomy: American Head and Neck Society Consensus Statement Head and Neck DOI: 10.1002/hed.24928

26. Stack BC Jr, Tolley NS, Bartel TB, Bilezikian JP, Bodenner D, Camacho P, Cox JPDT, Dralle H, Jackson JE, Morris JC 3rd, Orloff LA, Palazzo F, Ridge JA, Scott-Coombes D, Steward D, Terris DJ, Thompson G, Randolph GW. AHNS Series: Do you know your guidelines? Optimizing outcomes in reoperative parathyroid surgery: Definitive multidisciplinary joint consensus guidelines of the American Head and Neck Society and the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons. Head Neck. 2018 Aug 2. doi: 10.1002/hed.25023. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30070413

27. Ferris R, Nikiforov Y, Terris D, Seethala R, Ridge JA, Angelos P, Duh QY, Wong R, Sabra M, Fagin J, McIver B, Bernet V, Harrell RM, Busaidy N, Cibas E, Faquin W, Sadow P, Baloch Z, Shindo M, Orloff L,

Davies L, Randolph G AHNS Endocrine Section Consensus Statement: State-of-the-art thyroid surgical recommendations in the era of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary -like nuclear features Head and Neck, 2018;1-8 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25141

28. Russell J, Angkoon A, Dionigi G, Inabnet W, Kim HY, Randolph GW, Richmon J, Tufano R Transoral Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Vestibular Approach: A Framework for Assessment and Safe Exploration accepted Thyroid

29. Meltzer CJ, Jonathan Irish J, Angelos P, Busaidy NL, Davies l, Dwojak s, Ferris RL, Haugen BR, Harrell M, Haymart MR, McIver B, Mechanick JI, Monteiro E, Morris JC, Morris L, Odell M, Scharpf J, Shaha A, Shin JJ, Shonka DC, Thompson GB, Tuttle M, Urken M, Wiseman SM, Wong R, Randolph GW.

AHNS Endocrine Section Clinical Consensus Statement: North American Quality Statements and Evidence-Based Multidisciplinary Workflow Algorithms for the Evaluation and Management of Thyroid Nodules accepted Head and Neck

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30. Schneider R, Randolph GW, Dionigi G, Wu CW, Barczynski M, Chiang FY, Al-Quaryshi Z, Angelos P, Brauckhoff K, Cernea CR, Chaplin J, Cheetham J, Davies L, Goretzki PE, Hartl D, Kamani D, Kandil E, Kyriazidis N, Liddy W, Orloff L, Scharpf J, Serpell J, Shin JJ, Sinclair CF, Singer MC, Snyder SK, Tolley NS, Van Slycke S, Volpi E, Witterick I, Wong RJ, Woodson G, Zafereo M, Dralle H. International neural monitoring study group guideline 2018 part I: Staging bilateral thyroid surgery with monitoring loss of signal.Laryngoscope. 2018 Oct 5. doi: 10.1002/lary.27359. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30289983.

31. Wu CW, Dionigi G, Barczynski M, Chiang FY, Dralle H, Schneider R, Al-Quaryshi Z, Angelos P, Brauckhoff K, Brooks JA, Cernea CR, Chaplin J, Chen AY, Davies L, Diercks GR, Duh QY, Fundakowski C, Goretzki P, Hales NW, Hartl D, Kamani D, Kandil E, Kyriazidis N, Liddy W, Miyauchi A, Orloff L, Rastatter JC, Scharpf J, Serpell J, Shin JJ, Sinclair CF, Stack BC Jr, Tolley NS, Slycke SV, Snyder SK, Urken ML, Volpi E, Witterick I, Wong RJ, Woodson G, Zafereo M, Randolph GW. International neuromonitoring study group guidelines 2018: Part II: Optimal recurrent laryngeal nerve management for invasive thyroid cancer-incorporation of surgical, laryngeal, and neural electrophysiologic data. Laryngoscope. 2018 Oct 6. doi: 10.1002/lary.27360. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 30291765.

32. Gonçalves Filho J, Zafereo ME, Ahmad FI, Nixon IJ, Shaha AR, Vander Poorten V, Sanabria A, Hefetz AK, Robbins KT, Kamani D, Randolph GW, Coca-Pelaz A, Simo R, Rinaldo A, Angelos P, Ferlito A, Kowalski LP. Decision making for the central compartment in differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2018 Aug 13. pii: S0748-7983(18)31274-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.08.005. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID: 30145001.

Other Peer Reviewed Publications

1. Zukerberg L, Rosenberg AE, Randolph GW, Pilch BZ, Goodman ML. Solitary fibrous tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Surg Pathol 1991; 15(2):126-30.

2. Kang S, Barnhill RL, Graeme-Cook F, Randolph G, Nadol JB Jr, Sober AJ. Primary malignant melanoma of the external auditory canal. Am J Otol 1992; 13(2):194-6.

3. Slough C, Randolph GW. The treatment of well differentiated thyroid cancer. Cancer Control 2006, 13 (2), 1-7.

4. Randolph GW, Thompson GB, Branovan EI, Tuttle RM. Treatment of thyroid cancer: 2007-A basic review. Int J Radiat Oncol BiolPhys 2007;69(2 Suppl):592-7.

5. Richer SL, Randolph GW. Management of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery. OpTech Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009;20 (10): 29-34.

6. Mihai R, Randolph GW. Thyroid surgery, voice and the laryngeal examination-time for increased awareness and accurate evaluation (Editorial). World J Endo Surg 2009;1 (1): 1-5.

7. Lubitz CC, Faquin WC, Gaz R, Parangi S, Randolph GW, Hodin RA, Stephen AE. Metastatic Melanoma to Thyroid: A Case Report and Institutional Review. World Journal of Endocrine Surgery. 2010 May-Aug; 2 (2): 97-100

8. Randolph GW. The importance of pre and postoperative laryngeal examination for thyroid surgery (Editorial) Thyroid 2010;20 (5):453-8.

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9. Pierce E, Randolph GW. Surgery of the well differentiated thyroid carcinoma: The pendulum swings back in the central neck (Editorial). Endocrine Practice 2010; 16(5) 913-917.

10. Durán M, Dionigi G, Angelos P, Sitges-Serra A, Phelan E, Randolph G. Intraoperative monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy: a standardized approach: Part I. World J Endocrine Surg 2011;3 (3):144-150

11. Poveda MCD, Dionigi G, Sitges-Serra A, Barczynski M, Angelos P, Dralle H, Phelan E, Randolph G. Intraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroidectomy: A Standardized Approach Part 2. World J Endoc Surg 2012;4(1):00-00.

12. Sethi R, Kozin E, Lin HW, Faquin WC, Randolph GW. Pathology Quiz Case: Black Thyroid. Archives of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery. 2012 Nov 1;138(11):1093

13. Randolph GW. Papillary cancer nodal surgery and the advisability of prophylactic central neck dissection: Primum, non nocere. (Editorial). Surgery 2010; 148(6):1108-1112.

14. Dionigi G, Barczynski M, Chiang FY, Dralle H, Duran M, Iacobone M, Lombardi CP, Mateazzi G, Mihai R, Randolph GW, Stiges-Serra A. Why monitor the recurrent laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery? J Endocrinol Invest 2010; (33) 11: 819-22.

15. Cleary J, Sadow PM, Randolph GW, Palmer E, Lynch T. Nikiforov Y, Wirth L. Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable medullary thyroid cancer with sunitinib. J Clinl Oncol 2010; 28(23):e390-2.

16. Richer SL, Yelken K, Cunningham MJ, Randolph GW, Franco RA Jr. Hypopharyngeal pharyngoplasty for the management of piriform fossa sinus. Laryngoscope 2010;120(3):500-3.

17. Darr A, Randolph GW. Management of Laryngeal Nerves and Parathyroid Glands at Thyroidectomy. Oral Oncol. 2013 Jul;49(7):665-70

18. Kloos RT, Sipos JA, Tzagournis M, Miyauchi A, Vaisman M, Benbassat C, Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Mazzaferri F, Jhiang SM, Gharib H, Surks M, Randolph GW, Tuttle RM. “Ernest L. Mazzaferri, MD, MACP (1936-2013)”.Thyroid. 2013 Aug; 23(8):917-23.

19. Randolph GW. Invited Commentary on “The Story of Tony Harnell- Voice and Thyroid Surgery” Empower AACE 2013

20. Wirth L, Ross D, Randolph GW, Cunnane MB, Sadow P Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 5-2013. A 52-year-old woman with a mass in the thyroid. New England Journal of Medicine. 2013; 368:664-673.

21. Serpell J, Sidhu S, Vallance N, Panizza B, Randolph GW. The Role of Intraoperative Electrophysiological Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring during Thyroid Surgery from the Australian and New Zealand Endocrine Surgeons and the Australian Society Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery-an Editorial in press Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery 2015.

22. Tufano RP, Randolph GW. Arguments for and against attempting to perform a true total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 May; 140(5):415-6. 

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23. Deniwar A, Kandil E, Randolph GW. Electrophysiologic neural monitoring of the laryngeal nerves in thyroid surgery: review of current literature Gland Surgery 2015 doi 10.3978/j.issn.2227-684X.2015.04.04

24. Shin JJ, Randolph GW, Rauch SD. Evidence-based medicine in otolaryngology, Part 1: The multiple faces of evidence-based medicine. Otolaryng Head Neck Surg. 2010;142(5):637-46.

25. Shin JJ, Rauch SD, Wasserman J, Coblens O, Randolph GW. Evidence-based medicine in otolaryngology, part 2: the current state of affairs. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011;144(3) 331-337.

26. Shin J, Stinnett S, Page J, Randolph GW. Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology Part 3 Everyday Probabilities: Diagnostic Tests with Binary Results. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012 Aug; 147 (2):185-192.

27. Shin J, Stinnett S, Randolph GW. Evidence-based medicine in otolaryngology Part 4: everyday probabilities--nonbinary diagnostic tests. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Aug;149(2):179-86. Epub 2013 May 28.

28. Dionigi G, Chiang FY, Dralle H, Boni L, Rausei S, Rovera F, Piantanida E, Mangano A, Barczynski M, Randolph GW, Dionigi R, Ulmer C. Safety of Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Surgery. Int J Surg. 2013;11 Suppl 1: S120-6. 

29. Randolph GW, Kamani D Intraoperative Neural Monitoring in Thyroid Cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2014 Feb;399(2):199-207. doi: 10.1007/s00423-013-1141-y. Epub 2013 Nov 27.

30. Patel S, Chambers K, Harrison L, Faquin W, Randolph GW. An Enlarging Neck Mass. Laryngoscope. 2014 Oct;124(10):2433-7. doi: 10.1002/lary.24631. Epub 2014 Mar 25.

31. Serpell J, Sidhu S, Vallance N, Panizza B, Randolph GW. Consensus statement on intra-operative electrophysiological recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery. ANZ J Surg. 2014 Sep;84(9):603-4.

32. Mehra S, Tuttle RM, Bergman D, Bernet V, Brett E, Cobin R, Doherty G, Klopper J, Lee S, Machac J, Milas M, Mechanick JI, Orloff L, Randolph G, Ross DS, Smallridge R, Terris D, Tufano R, Alon E, Clain J, Dos Reis L, Scherl S, Urken ML. Improving the quality of thyroid cancer care: how does the Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative cross the Institute of Medicine's Quality Chasm? Thyroid. 2014 Apr;24(4):615-24.

33. Pynnonen M, Randolph GW, and Shin J. Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology Part 5: Patient Decision Aids. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Jun 29. pii: 0194599815592366. [Epub ahead of print]

34. Tufano R, Randolph GW Commentary on “Measuring the Extent of Total Thyroidectomy with Radioactive Iodine Imaging: Relationship with Serum Thyroglobulin and Clinical Outcomes” Holsinger et al. JAMA Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

35. Bacuzzi A, Dralle H, Randolph GW, Chiang FY, Kim HY, Barczyński M, Dionigi G. Safety of Continuous Intraoperative Neuromonitoring (C-IONM) in Thyroid Surgery. World J Surg. 2016 Mar;40(3):768-9. doi: 10.1007/s00268-015-3288-x.

36. Haser GC, Tuttle RM, Su HK, Alon EE, Bergman D, Bernet V, Brett E, Cobin R, Dewey EH, Doherty G, Dos Reis LL, Harris J, Klopper J, Lee S, Levine RA, Lepore SJ, Likhterov I, Lupo MA, Machac J, Mandel

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SJ, Mechanick JI, Mehra S, Milas M, Orloff L, Randolph G, Revenson TA, Roberts KJ, Ross DS, Rowe ME, Smallridge R, Terris D, Tufano RP, Urken ML. Active Surveillance for Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: New Challenges and Opportunities for the Health Care System. Endocr Pract. 2016 May;22(5):602-11. doi: 10.4158/EP151065.RA. Epub 2016 Jan 22.

37. Macias AA, Eappen S, Malikin I, Goldfarb J, Kujawa S, Konowitz PM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Intraoperative Electrophysiologic Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve during Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Monitoring Protocol with Collaborative Experience in over 3000 cases Successful intraoperative electrophysiologic monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, a multidisciplinary approach: The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary monitoring collaborative protocol with experience in over 3000 cases. Head Neck. 2016 Oct;38(10):1487-94. doi: 10.1002/hed.24468. Epub 2016 Apr 9. [Epub ahead of print]

38. Orloff LA, Randolph GW JAMA Otolaryngology viewpoint When is Imaging Necessary Beyond Ultrasound for Thyroid Cancer? Preoperative Imaging for Thyroid Cancer: Beyond Ultrasonography.JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Mar 17. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.0165. [Epub ahead of print]

39. Ritterhouse LL, Wirth LJ, Randolph GW, Sadow PM, Ross DS, Liddy W, Lennerz JK ROS1-Rearrangement in Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid. 2016 Apr 18. [Epub ahead of print]

40. Hodak S, Tuttle RM, Maytal G, Nikiforov YE, Randolph GW. Changing the Cancer Diagnosis - the Case of Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Primum, Non Nocere and NIFTP. Thyroid. 2016 May 16. [Epub ahead of print]

41. Baloch Z, Seethala R, Faquin WC, Papotti M, Basolo F, Fadda G, Randolph GW, Hodak SP, Nikiforov YE, Susan J. Mandel SJ Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP): A changing paradigm in thyroid surgical pathology and implications for thyroid cytopathology. Cancer Cytopathol. 2016 May 20. doi: 10.1002/cncy.21744. [Epub ahead of print]

42. Dos Reis L, Tuttle M, Alon E, Bergman D, Bernet V, Brett E, Cobin R, Doherty G, Harris J, Klopper J, Lee S, Lupo M, Milas M, Machac J, Mechanick J, Orloff L, Randolph G, Ross D, Smallridge R, Terris D, Tufano R, Mehra S, Scherl S, Clain J, Urken M What is the Gold Standard for Comprehensive Interinstitutional Communication of Perioperative Information for Thyroid Cancer Patients? Thyroid 2014 24(10) 1466

43. An JH, Kim HY, Kim SG, Dralle H, Randolph GW, Piantanida E, Tanda MI, Dionigi G. Opinion: endpoints of screening thyroid cancer in the Republic of Korea: Thyroid specialists perspective Journal of Endocrine Investigation DOI 10.1007/s40618-016-0596-4

44. Baloch Z, Harrell M, Brett E, Randolph GW, Garber J, Managing Thyroid Tumors Diagnosed as Non-invasive Follicular Tumor with Papillary Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP): AACE Endocrine Surgery Scientific Committee and Thyroid Scientific Committee. Endocr Pract. 2017 Jul 13. doi: 10.4158/EP171940.DSC. [Epub ahead of print]

45. Shin J, Lindsay R, Locandro M, Carroll C, Randolph GW Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology, Part 6: Patient-Reported Outcomes in Clinical Practice-accepted Otolarngology Head and Neck Surgery

46. Schneider R, Machens A, Randolph GW, Kamani D, Lorenz K, Dralle H Opportunities and challenges of intermittent and continuous intraoperative neural monitoring in thyroid surgery -accepted Gland Surgery

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47. Ikeda A, Hong P, Ishman S, Joe S, Randolph GW, Shin JJ. Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology, Part 7: Introduction to Shared Decision-Making, Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2017. Accepted

48. Filho J G, Zafereo M, Ahmad F, Nixon I, Shaha A, Vander Poorten V, Sanabria A, Hefetz A, Robbins T, Kamani D, Randolph GW, Coca-Pelaz A, Simo R, Rinaldo A, Angelos P, Ferlito A, Kowalski L. Decision Making for the Central Compartment in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer European Journal of Surgical Oncology 2018 accepted

49. Caulley L, Hunink MG, Kilty S, Mehta V, Scangas G, Rodin D, Randolph G, Shin JJ. Evidence-Based Medicine in Otolaryngology Part 9: Valuing Health Outcomes, Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2018. Accepted

50. Ryder M, Randolph GW 88th Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid. 2018 Aug 24. doi: 10.1089/thy.2018.0524. [Epub ahead of print]

Reviews, Chapters

1. Randolph GW. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Curr Opinion Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1996;5(2):55-66.

2. Randolph GW. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid - subtypes and current management. Curr Ther 1996;22(4):203-10.

3. Randolph GW. Treating acute sinusitis and otitis media: the otolaryngologist's perspective. Primary Care Newsletter 1998; 10(9):202-5.

4. Randolph GW. Common topics in otolaryngology. Primary Care Newsletter 1998;10(9):215-8.

5. Randolph GW. Thyroid and parathyroid glands. In: Lee KJ (ed). Essential Otolaryngology, 8th edition. Stamford, Connecticut: Appleton & Lange; 1999; p.573-644.

6. Randolph GW, Maniar D. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Cancer Control. J Moffitt Cancer Center 2000;7(3)253-61.

7. Randolph GW. Papillary carcinoma: extent of thyroidectomy. Arch Otolaryngol 2001; 127(4):462-3.

8. Randolph GW, Thiringer JK, Martin, PJ. Thyroid and parathyroid gland surgical treatment (Chapter 22). In: Calhoun K (ed). Expert Guide to Otolaryngology. Washington, DC: American College of Physicians. Philadelphia, PA, 2001.

9. Weber AL, Randolph GW, Aksoy GF. The thyroid and parathyroid glands: CT and MR imaging and correlation with pathology and clinical findings. In: Weber A, editor. Radiologic evaluation of the neck. Radiol Clin N Am 2000;38(5):1105-1129.

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10. Janfaza P, Montgomery WW, Randolph GW. Anterior regions of the neck. Chapter 13. In: Janfaza P, Nadol JB Jr, Galla R, Fabian RL, Montgomery WW (eds). Surgical anatomy of the head and neck. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001; p.629-74.

11. Randolph GW, Thiringer JK, Martin PJ. Thyroid and parathyroid gland surgery. Chapter 22. In: Calhoun KH (Ed). Expert guide to otolaryngology. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: American College of Physicians, 2001; p.450-76.

12. Randolph GW. Thyroid and parathyroid surgery (Chapter 18). In: Montgomery WW (ed). Surgery of the larynx, trachea and esophagus, 3rd edition. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 2002.

13. Wong R, Randolph GW. Morphophysiology of the salivary glands. In: Van De Water T, Staecker H (eds). Basic science review of otolaryngology. New York, New York: Thieme Publishers.

14. Randolph GW, editor. Management options in well differentiated thyroid cancer/hypothyroidism in the head and neck cancer patient/prevention of hypoparathyroidism after thyroid and parathyroid surgery/management of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy/hyperparathyroidism: evaluation and management/evaluation of the thyroid nodule/contemporary screening techniques for medullary thyroid carcinoma. In: Johnson J (ed). Maintenance of certification study guide. Alexandria, Virginia: American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, 2002.

15. Randolph GW, Delacruz A, Faquin WC. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Pellitteri PK, McCaffrey TV (eds). Endocrine Surgery of the Head and Neck. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Learning, 2003.

16. Pellitteri PK, Sofferman RA, Randolph GW. Management of Parathyroid Disease. In: Cummings C (ed). Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, PA: Mosby 2005

17. Slough C, Dralle H, Machens A, Randolph GW. Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Chapter 116. In: Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. 4th Edition Bailey B, Johnson J (eds). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2006.

18. Randolph, GW. Thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Chapter 18. In: Otolaryngology: A Surgical Notebook, Lee, KJ, Toh, E (eds). Thieme, New York, 2006.

19. Slough, C, Cohen, J, Randolph G. Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery. In: Multidiscipline management of head and neck cancer, -an online text- Goepfert H, Shah J (eds). BD Decker 2006.

20. Tufano R, Chung A, Randolph GW. Thyroid and parathyroid glands. In: Lee KJ (ed). Essential otolaryngology, 9th edition. Stamford, CT, Appleton & Lange; 2007.

21. Mihai R, Romanchishen A, Randolph GW. History and evolution of technique of thyroid surgery. Chapter 1. In: Terris D, Gourin C. (eds). Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Thieme New York, 2008.

22. Lang B, Lo CY, Randolph GW. Surgery for substernal goiter. Chapter 9. In: Terris D, Gourin C (eds). Thyroid and parathyroid diseases, Thieme, New York, 2008.

23. Defechereux T, Randolph GW. Recurrent laryngeal nerve surgical anatomy and monitoring, In: Atlas of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Tufano R, Weber R, Zeiger M (eds.); Mosby-Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2008.

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24. Randolph GW, Healy G. Otolaryngology and the AAES: A time for change. Letter to the Editor. Surgery 2008; 143(1):153-4.

25. Lesnik D, Randolph GW. Management of voice and the laryngeal nerves. In: Endocrine Surgery, Hubbard C, Inabnet W, Lo CY (eds). Springer 2009.

26. Lesnik D, O’Leary M A, Noordzij P, Randolph GW. Surgical management of benign thyroid disorders in practical manual of thyroid and parathyroid disease. Tolley N, Arora A, Tuttle M (eds). Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2009.

27. Stack B, Randolph GW. Parathyroid localization. In: Practical Manual of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease Tolley N, Arora A, Tuttle M (eds). Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2009.

28. Lesnik D, Randolph GW. Recurrent laryngeal nerve anatomy and monitoring. In: Pearls and Pitfalls. Head Neck Surgery Cernea C (ed). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers, 2009.

29. Price D, Wong R, Randolph GW. Invasive thyroid cancer: Management of the trachea and esophagus. In: Revision Endocrine Surgery of the Head and Neck. Otolaryngol Clin N Amer, Goldenberg D (ed), Elsevier, Philadelphia, 2009.

30. Randolph GW. Surgical anatomy and monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. In: Atlas of Endocrine Surgery. Duh QY, Kebebew E, Clark O (eds). Elsevier, Philadelphia PA. 2009.

31. Bumpous JM, Randolph GW. The expanding utility of office based ultrasound for the head and neck surgeon in otolaryngologic clinics. Head and Neck Ultrasound in Otolaryngology Clinics of North America, Saunders. Sniezck J, Sofferman R. December 2010; 43 (6): 1203-1208

32. Randolph GW Thyroidectomy- Commentary on chapter in Atlas of Head and Neck Surgery Cohen J and Clayman G (eds), Elsevier, 2011.

33. Randolph GW. Paratracheal nodal dissection- commentary on chapter Atlas of Head and Neck Surgery. Cohen J, Clayman G (eds) Elsevier, 2011.

34. Dralle, H, Randolph GW, Lorenz K, Machens A. Thyroid surgery guided by intraoperative neuromonitoring, Chapter 13 in: Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands, Springer, 2nd ed. Oertli D, Udelsman R (eds): Jan 2011

35. Goldenberg D, Randolph GW. Thyroid and parathyroid glands. In: Lee KJ (ed). Essential otolaryngology, 10th edition. Stamford, Connecticut: Appleton & Lange; 2011.

36. Raffellini M, Lesnik D, Lombardi C, Bellantone R, De Crea C, Potenza A, Randolph GW. Avoiding complications in thyroid and parathyroid surgery. In: Stell and Maran’s Textbook of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology Fifth Edition. Watkinson J, Gilbert R (eds) Hodder Arnold, 2012.

37. Randolph GW, Doherty G. Carcinoma of follicular epithelium: Surgical Therapy. In: Braverman L, Cooper D. Werner and Ingbar’s The Thyroid 9th edition Lippincott-Raven Philadelphia, 2012.

38. Mekel M, Randolph GW. Intraoperative neural monitoring in minimally invasive thyroidectomy. In: Linos D, Chung WY eds Minimally Invasive Thyroidectomy, Springer-Verlag New York, NY, 2012.

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39. Goldenberg D, Randolph GW. Recurrent laryngeal nerve complications. In Thyroid Surgery: Prevention and management of complications Miccoli P, Terris D, Minuto M, Seybt M (eds) Wiley Blackwell 2011

40. Randolph G, Sacks B, Baskin H. Ultrasound and Mapping of Neck Lymph Nodes, in H. Baskin, D. Duick, R. Levine (Ed.) Thyroid Ultrasound and Ultrasound-Guided FNA, Third Edition. Springer, New York. 2012.

41. Alzherani M, Randolph GW Avoidance of Surgical Complications, in Tips and Tricks in Endocrine Surgery editors Scott-Coombes D, Watkinson J Springer, New York 2012

42. Holm T, Caragacianu D, Randolph GW Surgical Approach to Thyroid Cancer, in Current Surgical Therapy 11th edition, editors Cameron J and Cameron A. Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier Philadelphia, 2013

43. Kulcsar M, Brandao L, Randolph GW Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, in Pearls and Pitfalls in Head and Neck Surgical Text, editors: Cernea C, Lima R, Myers E, Wei W, Fliss D. Karger, Basel 2012

44. Lin D, Hunt J, Randolph GW Unusual Tumors of the Thyroid, in Head and Neck Oncology eds Har-El G, Nathan CA, Day T, Nguyen S. Thieme publishers Noida India 2012

45. Abdul Aziz D, Randolph GW Surgical Mission to Migori Kenya. ENT & audiology news (Sept/Oct) 2012;21(4): page range TBC

46. Randolph GW, Ackerstrom G, Udelsman R The International Association of Endocrine Surgeons. ENT & Audiology News (Sept/Oct) 2012;21(4)

47. Randolph GW Goiter Surgery in Masters Techniques in Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Editors Ferris R, Myers G. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Philadelphia 2013

48. Darr A, Randolph GW Preservation of the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves in thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Textbook of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Editors: Steck HJ and Volpi E, AC Farmaceutica-Grupo Editorial GEN,Rio de Janeiro City 2013

49. Darr EA, Randolph GW Practical points and pitfalls of nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery in Tiroit Editor Isgor A, Noble Publishers Ankara 2013

50. Zizic M, Kaplan E, Gaz R, Slough C, Bura M, Romanchishen A, Martinac M, Randolph GW History of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

51. Randolph G, Rameau A, Netterville J Surgery of Cervical and Substernal Goiter in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

52. Richer S, Kamani D, Randolph G in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

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53. Radu M, Randolph G Pre- and Postoperative Laryngeal Exam in Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

54. Clark O, Randolph G Principles in Thyroid Surgery in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

55. Randolph G Surgical Anatomy and Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

56. Tufano R, Potenza A, Randolph G Central Neck Dissection: Technique in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

57. Freeman J, Kim D, Alzahrani M, Randolph G Reoperative Thyroid Surgery in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

58. Randolph G, Grant C, Kamani D Principles in Parathyroid Surgery in Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2012.

59. Randolph GW. Modern thyroidectomy and the tailored surgical approach. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 May;139(5):517-8. 61. Darr A, Randolph GW The Evolution of Thyroid Surgery in Terris D, Singer M (ed) Robotic and Minimally Invasive Thyroid Surgery Springer NY 2013.

60. Kloos R, Sipos J, Tzagournis M, Miyuchi A, Vaisman M, Benbassat C, Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Mazzaferri F, Jhiang S, Gharib H, Surks M, Randolph GW Tuttle RM “Ernest Mazzaferri- 1936-2013 In Memoriam Thyroid 23 (8) 2013

61. Randolph GW. Surgery for Goiter in Master Techniques in Otolaryngologic Surgery: Head and Neck Surgery, Volume 2: Thyroid, Parathyroid, Salivary Glands, Sinonasal Cancer, Nasopharyngeal Cancer. Editors Myers G, Ferris R Ferris, R. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014.

62. Singer M, Randolph GW. Update and Advances in parathyroid surgery in Journal of ENT Masterclass Editor Quraishi MS 2013;6(1)

63. Marti J, Randolph GW. Management of Refractory Parathyroid Disease in Parathyroid Surgery: Fundamental and Advanced Concepts (ed) Duke Terris D, Pasieka J Plural Publishing 2013

64. Darr EA, Sritharan N, Pellitteri PK, Sofferman RA, Randolph GW. Management of parathyroid disorders. In Flint PW: Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery, ed 6. Philadelphia, 2015, Elsevier

65. Darr E, Cunningham MJ, Randolph GW. Pediatric Thyroid Malignancy. Chapter in Sataloff’s Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology. JP Med Publishers. 2014

66. Sritharan N, Tolley N, Randolph GW. Laryngeal Exam at Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery in Textbook of Endocrine Surgery 3rd Edition (eds) Clark O, Duh Q. Kebebew E. Jaypee Medical Publishers Philadelphia US 2013

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67. Kandil E, Randolph GW Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Textbook of Complex Surgical Oncology Morita S, Balch C, Klimberg S, Pawlik T, Posner M, Tanabe K Editors McGraw Hill NY 2013

68. Randolph GW Invited Commentary –Oncology Times 2014 Urken M, Mechanik J, Savlin J, Scherl S, Wenig B Pathologic Reporting on Lymph node metastasis in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Endocrine Pathology

69. Davies L, Randolph GW. Evidence based evaluation of the thyroid nodule in Thyroid Cancer: Current Diagnosis, Management, and Prognostication Editor Witt Robert in Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America 2014Aug;47(4):461-7472.

70. Czerwonka L, Freeman J, McIver B, Randolph GW, Shah J, Shaha A, Sherman S, Tuttle M, Witterick I Summary of the Proceedings of the World Congress on Thyroid Cancer 2013. Head Neck. 2014 Jul;36(7):917-20. doi: 10.1002/hed.23631. Epub 2014 Apr 25.73.

71. Holms T, Randolph GW. Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Clinical Decision Support: Surgery, edited by Lillemoe K, DeMoya M, House M, Hutter M. 2016. Decision Support in Medicine, LLC. Wilmington, DE

72. Wang L, Ganly I, Randolph GW. Surgical Management of Goiter in Sataloff’s Comprehensive Textbook of Otolaryngology JP Medical Publishers 2014

73. Randolph GW. The Operative Story of Goiter Commentary in A Century of Progress in Head and Neck Cancer Editor Shah J Jaypee Publishers Philadelphia 2014

74. Scharf J, Randolph GW. The Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands in KJ Lee’s Essential Otolaryngology 11th edition Stamford, CT, Appleton & Lange; 2014

75. Richer S, Kamani D, Mihai R, Romanchishen A, Randolph GW.   History and Evolution of Technique for Thyroid Surgery Chapter 1.  In: Terris D, Duke W. (eds). Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, 2nd ed. Thieme New York, 2015.

76. Richer S, Lang B, Lo CY, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Substernal and Retropharyngeal Goiter. Chapter16. In: Terris D, Duke W. (eds).  Thyroid and parathyroid diseases, 2nd ed. Thieme, New York, 2015. 

77. Kamani D, Modi R, Randolph GW. Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring, Chapter 32. In: Terris D, Duke W. (eds).  Thyroid and parathyroid diseases, Thieme, New York, 2015.

78. Modi R, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring, Chapter 18. In: Belantone R, Lombardi C. (eds).  Minimally Invasive Therapies for Endocrine Neck Diseases, Springer 2015.

79. Sinclair C, Randolph GW. Endocrine surgery of the head and neck. In: Cummings C (ed). Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, PA: Mosby 2015

80. Serpell J, Sidhu S, Vallance N, Panizza B, Randolph GW. Concensus Statements in Surgery: IONM for Thyroid Surgery Letter to the Editor ANZJ Surg 85 (2015) 307-9

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81. Scharpf J, Randolph GW. Neural monitoring in parathyroid surgery in Medical and Surgical Treatment of Parathyroid Diseases: An Evidence-based Approach Editors Brendan Stack, Jr. and Donald Bodenner 2016

82. Felger E, Kamani D, Sethukumar P, Randolph GW. Section 4.23 Initial approaches to locoregionally confined DTC In Keith C. Bible, Mabel Ryder, William F. Young, Jr. (Ed) Endocrine Cancer Handbook Wiley UK 2015

83. Lorenz K, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Routine use of continuous vagal stimulation during thyroid surgery: yes or no In: Angelos P and Grogan R. (Eds) Difficult Decisions in Endocrine Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach, Springer 2015

84. Scharpf J, Kyriazidis N, Kamani K, Randolph GW. Anatomy and Embryology of the Parathyroid Gland in Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery,Goldenberg D, editor July 2016

85. Randolph GW, Kandil E, Deniwar Intraoperative Neuromonitoring of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Balch/Morita Textbook of Surgical Oncology, Balch, Morita, Klimberg, Pawlik, Posner, and Tanabe editors in press

86. Scharpf J, Kyriazidis N, Randolph GW. Surgical management of locally recurrent thyroid cancer Cancer Control: Journal of the Moffitt Cancer Center in press

87. Garber J, Baloch Z, Brett E, Harrell M, Randolph GW When is a Thyroid Cancer No Longer a Thyroid Cancer: The NIFTP Story (Non-Invasive Follicular Tumors with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features)-a review for patients Empower

88. Scharpf J, Kamani D, Sadow P, Randolph GW NIFTP and what it means Current Opinion in Surgical Oncology 2016

89. Dionigi G, Wu CW, Kim HY, Liu X, Liu R, Randolph GW, Angkoon A. Safety of Energy Based Devices for Hemostatsis in Thyroid Surgery Gland Surgery accepted

90. Wu CW, Randolph GW, Lu IC, Chang PY, Chen YT, Hun PC, Lin YC, Dionigi G, Chiang FY. Intraoperative neural monitoring in thyroid surgery: lessons learned from animal studies Gland Surgery accepted

91. Garber J, Baloch Z, Brett E, Harrell RM, Randolph G. When is a Thyroid Cancer no longer a Thyroid Cancer ? Empower AACE Magazine 8 (3), p 14-15 2016

92. VanderLaan PA, Chandra A, Filie AC, Randolph GW, Powers CN. Suspicious for Malignancy (Chapter 7) In: Cibas E, Ali S (ed).The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Definitions, Criteria and Explanatory Notes. 2nd edition. Springer 2017 in press

93. Untch B R, Kamani D, Randolph GW.  Surgery for Thyroid Cancer.  In: Luster M, Duntas L, Wartkofsky L, (eds).  The thyroid and its diseases.  New York:  Springer Publishers.

94. Schneider R, Randoph GW, Barczyski M, Dionigi G, Wu CW, Chiang FY, Kamani D, Dralle H Continuous intraoperative Neural Monitoring of the recurrent laryngeal nerves during thyroid surgery: a quantum leap in technology in Gland Sugery DOI 10.21037/gs.2016.11.10

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95. Sinclair CF, Kamani D, Randolph GW, Sacks B, Baskin JH, Levine R Ultrasound and Mapping of Neck Lymph Nodes In:  Handbook of Thyroid and Parathyroid Ultrasound and Ultrasound-Guided FNA , 4th edition Editors:  Daniel S. Duick, Robert A. Levine, Mark A. Lupo Springer International Publishing; Cham, Switzerland Expect to Publish: October 2017

96. Randolph GW, Kamani D. Intraoperative nerve monitoring: 2017. ENT and Audiology News 2017;26(3):52-54.

97. Richer S, Liddy W, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Thyroid and parathyroid glands. In: Lee KJ (ed). Essential otolaryngology, 13th edition. Stamford, Connecticut: Appleton & Lange; 2018.

98. Reid L, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Ch 123 Management of Parathyroid disoreders in 7th edition of Cummings Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery, edited by Paul W. Flint, Bruce H. Haughey, Valerie J. Lund, K. Thomas Robbins, J. Regan Thomas, Marci M. Lesperance, and Howard W. Francis , Elsevier

Text Books, Monographs

1. Shindo M, Randolph GW, (eds). Contemporary management of thyroid and parathyroid disorders. Monograph. Washington, DC: American Academy Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Sugery Foundation, 2002.

2. Wilson WR, Nadol JB Jr, Randolph GW. Clinical Handbook of Disorders of the Ear, Nose and Throat. Pearl River, New York: Parthenon Publishing Group, 2002

3. Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 1st edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2003

4. Shin J, Hartnick C, Randolph GW, (eds) Otolaryngology Evidence Based Medicine. Springer 2008

5. Randolph GW (ed). Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. 2nd edition Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2013

6. Randolph GW (ed) The Recurrent and Superior Laryngeal Nerves. ISBN 978-3-319-27725-7 Springer Publishers 2016

Clinical Communications:

1. 9/95. Contributor to Practice Guidelines for Management of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer for The American Society of Head & Neck Surgeons, Society for Head & Neck Surgery, and The American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery. Dr. J. Medina (ed).

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2. 0/95. Author, MEEI, Peritonsillar Abscess Management Guidelines.

Nonprint Materials/Video:

1. Randolph GW, Metson R. Hoarseness for the primary care physician. Textbook chapter in CD ROM format for UPTODATE a CD ROM Primary Care Information Source, Volume 8, #2.

2. Randolph GW. Management of the thyroid nodule slide lecture series, 1st edition. American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Foundation, Inc., 1999.

3. Randolph GW, Kamani D. Thyroglossal duct cyst and ectopic thyroid. Textbook chapter in CD-Rom format for Up to Date, a CD-Rom primary care information source. Version 9.3, 8/27/01.

4. Randolph GW Updates on Thyroid Disease: Recurrent Nodal Disease in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Audio Digest Otolaryngology vol 47, issue 16, August 21 2014 ISSN 0271-1354

5. Randolph GW, Randolph GW Jr. Supraglottic Goiter and Fiberoptic Intubation VideoEndocrinology 6/201 https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ve.2018.0122

6. Wu CW,Huang TY, Chen HC, Chen HY, Tsai TY, Chang PY, Lin YC, Tseng HY, Hun PC, Liu X, Sun H, Randolph GW, Dionigi G, Chiang FY, Lu IC Intra-Operative Neural Monitoring of Thyroid Surgery in a Porcine Model, Protocol JoVE In-Press Section 6/2018

7. Bunch PM, Randolph GW, Brooks JA, Cannon J, Kelly HR. Parathyroid 4D CT: What the endocrine surgeon wants to know. Radiologic Society of North America 104th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting, November 25-30, 2018. Chicago, IL. (electronic educational exhibit)

Narrative Report

My career is focused primarily on my surgical otolaryngology practice which is centered on thyroid and parathyroid surgery. I direct two divisions at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (MEEI) including the General Otolaryngology Division. I founded and direct the Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgical Division in 1995. I also since 1998 practice at Massachusetts General Hospital in the Division of Surgical Oncology Department of Surgery as a member of the MGH Endocrine Surgical Service. The principal accomplishments of my academic career have been in the realm of endocrine surgical education and collaborative endocrine surgical leadership as this new area of thyroid and parathyroid surgery has been forged for otolaryngologists. It is gratifying to have been elected President Elect of the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery the main organization of head and neck surgeons in the US with membership of over 12,000 head and neck surgeons and with 1200 international members. I have also attempted to make valuable contributions through clinical investigation principally focused on intraoperative neural monitoring /prevention of neural complications during thyroid surgery, the perioperative laryngeal exam, and nodal metastasis detection and revision surgical treatment for well-differentiated thyroid cancer. Throughout my career this work has been collaboratively oriented to include and dovetail with general surgical and endocrine surgical colleagues both in the US and abroad through multiple organizational venues including the AAOHNS, AAES, ATA, AHNS, IAES, ACS, ESES and AACE.

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During daily clinical practice I teach MEEI otolaryngology residents, and the MEEI Thyroid surgical fellow as well as MGH general surgical residents and fellows. I have published an endocrine surgical text entitled “Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands" in 2003, second edition in 2013 (a planned third edition 2017). This text is a comprehensive interdisciplinary guide to all aspects of thyroid and parathyroid surgery. The text is listed as required reading for fellows of the American Academy of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES), the premier general surgical organization focused on endocrine surgery in the United States. Additionally, I have written numerous thyroid and parathyroid surgical chapters for many of the main otolaryngology and general surgical texts and atlases. Associated with the MEEI Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgical Division is the Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgical Fellowship also started in 2004, the first such otolaryngology-based endocrine surgical fellowship in the nation which just recently has been accredited by the American Head and Neck Society in 2014, one of only three such fellowships in the country. Through the years our Fellowship training program has included the general surgeons and otolaryngologists both from the US as well as Croatia, Brazil, Australia and Saudi Arabia and the UK. The model for our Fellowship has been used as a model for the creation of a similar Fellowship program at Johns Hopkins.

An important area of clinical work has been thyroid cancer nodal imaging detection and treatment. We have recently published on our results of a novel ultrasound and CT scan combined radiographic algorithm for papillary carcinoma patients with nodal disease and analyzed its efficacy (ref # 34). The role of axial CT scanning preoperatively in patients with thyroid cancer has been incorporated into the recently published ATA Surgical Affairs Committee preop imaging guidelines report as well as the recently published ATA Thyroid Nodule Thyroid Cancer Guidelines 2015 (guidelines ref# 11,12). I have also co-authored the ATA central neck papillary definitions task force statement which defines central neck surgery for thyroid cancer surgical treatment and chaired the ATA carcinoma nodal treatment consensus white paper which for the first time stratified the thyroid cancer patient’s N positive neck into microscopic and macroscopic nodal disease with significant divergent prognostic implications (guidelines ref # 3,7). Implicit in this work is emerging role of radiographically mapping the neck preoperatively which allows for detection preoperatively of macroscopic nodal disease which warrants surgical treatment.

Local teaching efforts have centered primarily on the development of the annual Harvard CME course “Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands" which I founded in 1996. It has received superior evaluations placing it in the top 10% of Harvard CME courses. I have also been active on the national education front through the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery where I have served on the Board of Directors as the Coordinator of International Affairs overseeing the all international affairs for the American Academy of Otolaryngology including all AAO humanitarian activities, oversight of the International Steering, Humanitarian and Pan-American Committees, 15 appointed International Regional Advisors as well as the AAO international traveling Fellowship program. I have also chaired the American Academy of Otolaryngology Endocrine Surgery Subcommittee which under my guidance evolved into a full free standing committee which has been awarded “model Committee” status recently. It is gratifying to now be elected President Elect of the AAOHNS. I have also been active in the American College of Surgeons and the American Head and Neck Society and have presented multiple presentations, instructional courses, and chaired panels for all these organizations on topics ranging from recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring, invasive thyroid cancer, treatment of benign thyroid disease and hyperparathyroidism. I have lectured at the United Nations on the Chernobyl disaster. I have been invited to serve on the Executive Steering Committee of the World Congress on Thyroid Cancer (WCTC) along with seven other colleagues from Mayo Clinic, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson and the University of Toronto. This interdisciplinary Congress initially was given initially in 2009 again in 2013 and resulted in over 1000 registrants from 70 countries. I will Co-Chair the WCTC in 2017 in Boston.

I have been an invited lecturer on voice preservation and the importance of laryngeal exam and IONM at the Mayo Clinic, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins

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Hospital and have been honored to give the following named lectureships around the world on these topics including: the UK Royal Society of Medicine Invited speaker on Thyroid Surgery and Voice, the George Choa Visiting Professor Lectureship Dept. of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, the European Society of Endocrine Surgery Charles Proye Lecture, Gothenburg, the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons, British Journal of Surgery Lecture Cardiff, UK, the Anisio Costa Toledo Guest Invited Keynote lecturer on Thyroid and Voice, Sao Paolo Brazil , the European Association of Endocrine Surgeons Invited State of the Art Lecturer on IONM in Thyroid Cancer, the Annual Morley Binstock University of Toronto/ Mt Sinai Hospital Lectureship in Head and Neck Oncology, the 2014 Johns Hopkins Thyroid Tumor Center Visiting Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism and William Lees Distinguished Lecturer, the Robert C. Hickey Lectureship, MD Anderson Cancer Center and recently the Tulane Michael Debakey Lecture at Tulane.

Throughout all of my clinical and educational work, I have endeavored to build bridges through collaborative work between otolaryngologists and general surgeons. This is born out of my daily activities at both MGH and MEEI. Within my own thyroid surgical fellowship I have, in fact, trained both otolaryngologists and general surgeons. As a culmination of this ongoing activity over a number of years, I was instrumental in opening up the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons, the premier organization of general surgeons focused on endocrine surgery, to otolaryngology membership for the first time in their organizational history. I am also the first otolaryngologist to be granted membership and elected to the governing council of the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons. I have also founded the Farndon International Fund for young third world surgeons to attend endocrine surgical meetings within of the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons. I have also collaborated with medical endocrine groups and am on the editorial board of the American Thyroid Association’s journal Thyroid and the American Academy of Clinical Endocrinology’s (AACE) journal Endocrine Practice. I am the first Otolaryngologist to serve as Chair of the Endocrine Surgery Committee of AACE. Within the American Thyroid Association, I have chaired the Surgical Affairs Committee nodal metastasis working group, and chaired the Development Committee. I have been elected to the executive board of the American Thyroid Association serving as the only surgeon and first otolaryngologist officer for the organization as Treasurer.

Throughout my career I have been motivated by international educational needs and have spent significant effort on international educational outreach. I have spoken at numerous international meetings and have co-directed major surgical courses in St. Petersburg Russia (2003), Rome Italy (2006) and the monitoring international congresses in Zürich Switzerland (2005), Brussels Belgium (2007) and Varese Italy (2011, 2014). I have through this travel setup neural monitoring units in endocrine surgical departments around the world including St. Petersburg Russia, Kiev and the Chernobyl region of the Ukraine and Guangzhou, China. I have also served as an advisor in developing the national thyroid cancer guidelines in Costa Rica in 2009. Recently in 2012 I served as leader of a Surgical Goiter Mission to Migori Kenya Africa through Kenya Relief Aid organization. I lead 3 MEEI Head and Neck Surgeons, MEEI resident and nurse performing 25 surgical cases in 3 days, including 18 goiters with neural monitoring. More recently I led a team to a mountainous iodine deficient region of rural India to perform goiter surgery in Chikhaldara and Nagpur India. I believe my curriculum vita highlights my clinical and educational leadership. The work detailed, I believe, suggests a sustained national and international reputation within the thyroid and parathyroid surgical field with special emphasis on thyroid cancer treatment and neural monitoring and voice preservation during thyroid surgery.

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