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Date: 1/16/15
Activity: Civil Rights Review Warm Up: While you are
waiting to get started, skim through the timeline and see what you remember
Homework: ALL LATE WORK DUE BY
TUES 1/20 OR ZERO*End of MP Friday 1/23*Quarterly Exam Th 1/29
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World HistoryWelcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg Assignment Date
81 Please Do Now 1/6
82 Vietnam Study Guide 1/6
83 Legacy of the War Rdg 1/7
84 Legacy of the War Notes 1/7
85 Social Changes Vocab 1/9
86 Culture and Counterculture 1/13
87 Counterculture & Music 1/14
88 Civil Rights Timeline 1/16
Brown vs. Board of Education
• Who argued the case? What did the Supreme Court declare?
– Thurgood Marshall -Ruled segregation in school was an unconstitutional violation of the 14th Amendment’s equal protection under the law
• Why did Chief Justice Warren rule the way they did?
– Warren went against Plessy vs. Ferguson and “separate but equal”, stating it can never be equal in the case of school. It would affect the children by feeling inferior.
Montgomery, Alabama
• What are Jim Crow laws? What does the 14th amendment promise?
– Jim Crow laws are ones that segregate African Americans in public.
– The 14th amendment grants all persons born or naturalized in US citizens and grants equality for everyone under the law.
Montgomery Bus BoycottWhat was Rosa Park’s role in the Montgomery Bus
Boycott?
– Rosa Parks refused to give her seat to a white person and was arrested. She helped the efforts of the boycott.
What is a boycott? How are both sides hurt by a boycott?
– To stop using a service or buying products to hurt the industry. The consumers can’t have the product or use the service, but the industry loses money by losing customers.
What kind of support did the boycotters receive? How did it all end?
– It received a lot of support, boycott lasted 381 days until the Supreme Court finally outlawed segregation on busses.
Martin Luther King Jr.• – Describe MLK’s background– MLK was a preacher (minister)
and was treated poorly by whites. He vowed to hate the whites.
• Describe his methods: – He used non-violent protests and
speeches to gain support for his cause of gaining Civil Rights.
• What is his organization and what did they do?
– SCLC: Southern Christian Leadership Conference. To “carry on non-violent crusade against the evils of second-class citizenship”
• How did some whites resist desegregation?
– KKK boycotted businesses who supported integration
– students (and parents) picketed outside the schools
• What was the “crisis” in Little Rock? What happened with Elizabeth Eckford?
– Crisis came after Brown vs. Board of Ed; school board and superintendent were going to start desegregation, but Governor Orval Faubus called in National Guard to turn away the “Little Rock Nine.” Elizabeth Eckford had to enter the school on her own and was terrified by the abusive crowd taunting her.
Little Rock, Arkansas
Date: 1/20/15
Activity: Civil Rights Review Warm Up: What was the first
accomplishment of the Civil Rights Movement that really ‘got the ball rolling’ for future changes?
Homework: *Read and take notes on
“The Great Society” for tomorrow
*End of MP Friday 1/23*Quarterly Exam Th 1/29
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World HistoryWelcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg Assignment Date
85 Social Changes Vocab 1/9
86 Culture and Counterculture 1/13
87 Counterculture & Music 1/14
88 Civil Rights Timeline 1/16
89Civil Rights Movement
Changes1/20
• How did the government become involved? – Eisenhower put Arkansas
National Guard under federal control and ordered 1,000 paratroopers in to oversee the 9 going to school.
• What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 do? – It gave the Attorney General
greater power over school desegregation and gave federal government the authority over violations of African American voting rights.
Little Rock, Arkansas
Sit InsWhat group led many of the sit-ins?
SNCC: Student Nonviolent
Coordinating Committee. What are “sit-ins?” What makes them
effective?When people would sit somewhere
and not get up to prove a point. They are effective at gaining
peoples’ attention
What effect did they have? They were on the national news and
showed the ugliness of racism and gained a lot of support from people in our nation (especially those up North who protested the segregation in the South)
Freedom RidersWhat were the Freedom Riders trying to do?
– Trying to non-violently protest segregation on busses and bus terminals.
Why is Kennedy forced to take action? What does he do?
– Kennedy had the Justice Dept send 400 U.S. marshals to protect the riders to Jackson, Mississippi, AND the attorney general and the ICC banned segregation in all interstate travel facilities, including waiting rooms, restrooms, and lunch counters.
Integrating Ole MissWhy is the following quote shocking by
today’s standards: “I call on every Mississippian to keep his faith and courage. We will never surrender”? – For someone to be that
adamantly racist is shocking today.
Why is James Meredith brave?– Because he was willing to go to
a school where no one wanted him in order to help the Civil Rights movement, even if it meant being escorted to class by federal officials and having his home shot at.
Birmingham, Alabama• Describe Birmingham:
– Reputation for racial violence & strict segregation laws, in fact- the most segregated city in the nation.
• What happens with MLK, children and Bull Connor? – MLK organized a peaceful march on
Birmingham, with over 1,000 children. 959 children were arrested. The next day, a second “children’s crusade” marched and the police (Bull Connor was was police commissioner) hosed them down and sent dogs after them and clubbed those who fell.
• How does the media affect the situation, Kennedy and the rest of the nation?
– The media shed light to the rest of the nation about how bad things were & it influenced the need for more laws toward racial justice
1963 – March on Washington
Who marches on Washington? What do they want? – They marched on
Washington to try to get JFK’s Civil Rights Act passed
What famous speech is given? – MLK’s “I Had a Dream”
speech
***Civil Rights Act of 1964 What does this law do?
– LBJ vowed to get JFK’s legislation passed after his death. Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, and gender. It gave all citizens the right to enter public accommodations.
Freedom SummerWhat was the goal of “Freedom
Summer?”
Eventually Freedom Summer and the Selma Campaign lead to the Voting Rights Act of 1965. What does this law do?
– Eliminated the “literacy” tests that disqualified many voters and stated that fed examiners could enroll voters who had been denied suffrage by local officials.
Read about Johnson’s Great Society before we discuss
THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT CHANGES
• WHAT IS DE FACTO SEGREGATION?
• WHAT IS DE JURE SEGREGATION?
• LIST AN EXAMPLE OF EACH TYPE OF SEGREGATION?
• WHY IS DE FACTO SEGREGATION OFTEN MORE DIFFICULT TO ERADICATE THAN DE JURE SEGREGATION?
Segregation that exists by practice or custom
Segregation that exists by law
De Facto – not selling homes to African Americans
De Jure – segregated schools
To end De Facto segregation you have to change attitudes, not just eradicate laws.
Urban Riots
African American migration North
“White Flight” to suburbs
African Americans lived in decaying slums
Landlords didn’t comply with housing and health ordinances
Unemployment rates twice as high for blacks than whites
African American Schools deteriorating
De facto segregation
Riots spread like wildfire from 1964-1968
Malcolm X
• Born Malcolm Little • Studied under Elijah Muhammad, the
head of the Nation of Islam • Black Muslims –
– Black superiority and separatism– Advocated armed self-defense
• Advocated armed self-defense • Changed his tune by the end of his
life “Ballots or Bullets” • Killed giving a speech in Harlem
February 21, 1965
• SNCC and CORE became more militant than MLK’s SCLC. – “We Shall Overcome” turned into “We Shall
Overrun” – “Black Power” coined by Stokely Carmichael
BLACK PANTHERS
– created by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to fight police brutality in the ghetto
– Advocated self-sufficiency for African American communities, as well as full employment and decent housing.
– Established daycares, free breakfasts, medical clinics, homeless services (won support of people in the ghettos)
WHY WAS 1968 A TURNING POINT IN CIVIL RIGHTS?
• KERNER COMMISSION:– FORMED BY LBJ– STUDY CAUSES OF URBAN
VIOLENCE
• FINDINGS:– "OUR NATION IS MOVING
TOWARD TWO SOCIETIES; ONE BLACK, ONE WHITE, SEPARATE AND UNEQUAL.“
• LED TO CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1968:– BANNED DISCRIMINATION IN
HOUSING
Date: 1/21/15
Activity: Women’s Rights Warm Up: Answer the last
question on “Civil Rights Movement Changes”
Homework: *Women’s Rights due
Friday 1/23
*End of MP Friday 1/23*Quarterly Exam next
Thursday 1/29
Welcome to Contemporary U.S. and World HistoryWelcome to Contemporary U.S. and World History
Pg Assignment Date
85 Social Changes Vocab 1/9
86 Culture and Counterculture 1/13
87 Counterculture & Music 1/14
88 Civil Rights Timeline 1/16
89Civil Rights Movement
Changes1/20
90 Women’s Rights 1/21
• WOULD YOU DESCRIBE THE RESULTS OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AS SUCCESSFUL, A FAILURE, OR MIXED? EXPLAIN.
WHAT DO YOU THINK WERE THE MOST IMPORTANT GAINS OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT?
The Great SocietyWhat was the purpose of LBJ’s Great Society?
– To help poverty and civil rights*
What does the Great Society do in regards to fight poverty (page 688)? - Economic Opportunity Act (EOA); $1bil in youth programs, antipoverty measures, small-business loans, and job training.
What does the Great Society do in regards to healthcare (page 690)?– Medicare:provided hospital
insurance and low cost medical insurance for almost every American 65 +
– Medicade:extended health insurance to welfare recipients.
The Great SocietyWhat does the Great Society do in regards to
housing (page 690)?
– App. $ to build 240,000 units of low-rent housing, est. Department of Housing & Urban Development (HUD), appointed first Af Amer cabinet member as Secretary of HUD
What does the Great Society do regards to immigration (page 691)?
– Immigration Act of 1965: opened the door to many non-European immigrants to settle in U.S. by ending quotas based on nationality. (reversed quotas from Natl Origins Act of 1924)
The Great Society
• Good intentions to help poverty but ultimately failed because the money needed to fund the program was redirected to the Vietnam War.
Unfinished work/challenges
• More tax $ spent inner cities and forced busing of school children angered some whites.
• Affirmative Action programs involved making special efforts to hire or enroll groups that have suffered discrimination. – Criticized for “reverse discrimination”
What two major problems did President Johnson’s Great Society focus on? •-poverty and civil rights How did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the 1973 case Roe v. Wade?
- legalized abortion in many cases Feminists argued that women should do what? •
- be more assertive- be able to choose a career other than homemaker - receive equal pay for equal work
• What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do?
- it prohibited discrimination because of race, gender, religion & national origin
What goals of the Civil Rights Movement were achieved by 1970?
- The passage of the Civil Rights Act- Elimination of poll taxes and literacy tests - Adoption of affirmative action
