Database Management System Document Notes (1)

7/24/2019 Database Management System Document Notes (1)

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DATABASES MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (DBMS) DOCUMENT NOTES

Author: Mary Waswa-Wilson

Dat: !th"un #$%&

Data'as Manant Systs (DBMS)

O'*+ti,s

1) To define Database Management Systems (DBMS)

2) To understand and define various terms and basic functionalities of

phpmyadmin interface

3) earn to install! configure a MyS" database

#) To create users on MyS"

$) To be able to list databases and creating tables

%) To populate and &uery databases

By th n o. th oul/ 0arti+i0ants shoul ' a'l to:-

1' Design a simple database ith 3rdlevel normaliation2' *nstall a MyS" server using +ampp3' ogin to MyS" Server and implement the database designed above

#' ,opulate and &uery the database using different means- ,hpmyadmin!command line


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DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (DBMS)What is a Data'as1

. database is an integrated collection of logically related records or files

consolidated into a common pool that provides data for one or more multiple

uses' /ou can thin0 of a database as an electronic filing system'

A Data'as Manant Syst (DBMS)

Softare that organies the storage of data' . DBMS controls the creation!

maintenance! and use of the database storage structures of organiations and of

their end users' *n large organiations this tas0 is being manned by a Database

.dministrator

Database management systems are usually categoried according to the

database model that they support! such as the netor0! relational or obectmodel' The model tends to determine the &uery languages that are available to

access the database' ne commonly used &uery language for the relational

database is S"!

Database management systems range from all systemsthatrunon personal

computersto huge systems that run on mainframes' .fter storage a DBMS

needs an application that can enable us access! modify the information in a

contetual manner' 4amples of database applicationsmay include-

o 5omputeried library systems 6 7oha

o .utomated teller machines (.TM)

o 8light reservation systems

o 5omputeried parts inventory systems

Data'as Manant Syst (DBMS)

There are several Database Management Systems (DBMS)! such as-

Microsoft S" Server

racle

Sybase

DBase

Microsoft .ccess

MyS" from Sun Microsystems (racle)

DB2 from *BM etc'
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/system.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/R/run.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/R/run.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/personal_computer.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/personal_computer.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/mainframe.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/database_management_system_DBMS.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/R/run.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/personal_computer.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/P/personal_computer.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/M/mainframe.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/database_management_system_DBMS.htmlhttp://www.webopedia.com/TERM/S/system.html


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The goal of a DBMS is to provide an environment that is both +on,nintand..i+intto use in

9etrieving information from the database'

Storing information into the database'

Databases are usually designed to manage larbodies of information' Thisinvolves Definition of structures for information storage (data modeling)'

,rovision of mechanisms for the manipulation of information (file andsystems structure! &uery processing)'

,roviding for the safety of information in the database (crash recovery and

security)' 5oncurrency control if the system is shared by users'

*n our study! this document ill focus on MyS" server as our case study


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DBMS Trinolois:

5ase Study of MyS"- Before e proceed to eplain MyS" database system!

let:s revise fe definitions related to database'

Data'as:. database is a collection of tables! ith related data'

Ta'l:. table is a matri ith data' . table in a database loo0s li0e a

simple spreadsheet'

Colun:ne column (data element) contains data of one and the same

0ind! for eample the column postcode'

2ow:. ro (; tuple! entry or record) is a group of related data! for

eample the data of one subscription'

2unan+y:Storing data tice! redundantly to ma0e the system faster'

3riary 4y:. primary 0ey is uni&ue' . 0ey value cannot occur tice in

one table'


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MyS89

MyS" is a fast! easy6to6use 9DBMS being used for many small and big

businesses' MyS" is becoming so popular because of many good reasons-

MyS" is released under an open6source license' So you have nothing to

pay to use it'

MyS" is a very poerful program in its on right' *t handles a large

subset of the functionality of the most epensive and poerful database

pac0ages'

MyS" uses a standard form of the ell60non S" data language'

MyS" or0s very &uic0ly and or0s ell even ith large data sets'

MyS" is very friendly to ,=,! the most appreciated language for eb

development'

Exercise One: on Practice


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What as u0 a ata'as1

Ta'ls

The basic units in a database are tables and the relationship beteen them'

Strictly! a relational database is a collection of relations (fre&uently called tables)'

Uni;u y

*n relational database design! a uni&ue 0ey or primary 0ey is a candidate 0ey to

uni&uely identify each ro in a table' . uni&ue 0ey or primary 0ey comprises a

single column or set of columns' >o to distinct ros in a table can have the

same value (or combination of values) in those columns'

A 0riary y

*s a special case of uni&ue 0eys' The maor difference is that for uni&ue 0eys the

implicit >T >? constraint is not automatically enforced! hile for primary

0eys it is enforced' Thus! the values in uni&ue 0ey columns may or may not be

>?'

5orin y

*n the contet of relational databases! a foreign 0ey is a referential constraint

beteen to tables' The foreign 0ey identifies a column or a set of columns inone table that refers to a column or set of columns in another table' The columns

in the referencing table must be the primary 0ey or other candidate 0ey in the

referenced table' The values in one ro of the referencing columns must occur in

a single ro in the referenced table' Thus! a ro in the referencing table cannot

contain values that don:t eist in the referenced table'


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5un+tions

*n S" databases! a user6defined function provides a mechanism for etending

the functionality of the database server by adding a function that canbe evaluated

in S" statements'

Trirs

. database trigger is procedural code that is automatically eecuted in response

to certain events on a particular table or vie in a database' The trigger is mostly

used for 0eeping the integrity of the information on the database' 8or eample!

hen a ne record (representing a ne or0er) added to the employees table!

ne records should be created also in the tables of the taes! vacations! and

salaries'


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T=E 3=3MYADM6N COMMAND


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Unrstanin Ta's in th 6ntr.a+

Stru+tur: ists the structor of the databases

S89: 9un S" &uery@&ueries on database mys&l-

Sar+h: Search in database

8ury: ?sed to rite &ueries and vues from table

E70ort: Aie dump (schema) of database! 4port

60ort: introduce@ import a file

O0rations: Basic perations ithin the database

3ri,ils:.ccessing database and user scope to manipulate the database

Dro0: ?sed to delete a database or table

Data'as ta'ls

9istin an +ratin ata'as ta'ls

.t its simplest! a database ill consist of tables li0e this-

Na A 5a,orit Color

7en one of your business'

The above is the basic premise of a simple database table! even a real one

having millions of records'

3O3U9AT6NG AND 8UE2Y6NG DATABASES

.fter creating your database! inserting tables! you need to populate it' The 9OAD

DATAand 6NSE2Tstatements are useful for this'
http://localhost/phpmyadmin/db_structure.php?db=mysql&token=99eaf049cfcb3c3b4f0c45b24816776ehttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load-data.htmlhttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load-data.htmlhttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/insert.htmlhttp://localhost/phpmyadmin/db_structure.php?db=mysql&token=99eaf049cfcb3c3b4f0c45b24816776ehttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load-data.htmlhttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/load-data.htmlhttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/insert.html


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Suppose that your table as to hold your pet information' Then the records can

be described as shon here'

na ownr s0+is s7 'irth ath

8luffy =arold cat f 136E26E#

5las Fen cat m 1#6E361

Buffy =arold dog f 1C6E$613

8ang Benny dog m 1E6EC62

Boser Diane dog m 16EC631 1$6E62

5hirpy Fen bird f 1C6E611


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%&ERE con'itions_to_satis" #$at_to_select

*ndicates hat you ant to see' This can be a list of columns! or >to indicate Gall

columns'H #$ic$_tableindicates the table from hich you ant to retrieve data'

The W=E2Eclause is optional' *f it is present! con'itions_to_satisspecifies

one or more conditions that ros must satisfy to &ualify for retrieval'

Ba+- U0s

6ntrou+tion

*t is very important to do bac0up of your MyS&l database! you ill probably

realie it hen it is too late'

. lot of eb applications use MyS&l for storing the content' This can be blogs!

and a lot of other things'


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2' Ma0e sure that you have selected to eport your entire database! and not ust

one table' There should be as many tables in the eport list as shoing under the

database name'

3' SelectIS"I6J for output format! 5hec0 IStructureI and I.dd

.?TK*>594M4>TI value' 5hec0 I4nclose table and field name ith

bac0&uotesI' 5hec0 ID.T.I! chec0 use Iheadecimal for binary fieldI' 4port

type set to I*>S49TI'

#' 5hec0 ISave as fileI! do not change the file name! use compression if you

ant' Then clic0 IFI to donload the bac0up file'


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2storin a 'a+u0 o. a MyS;l ata'as

1' To restore a database! you clic0 the S" tab'

2' n the IS"I6page ! unclic0 the sho &uery here again'

3' Brose to your bac0up of the database'

#' 5lic0 Fo'


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Database Management System Document Notes (1)