As of September 2011

MusicBrainz

(zitgist)

P20

Turismo de

Zaragoza

yovisto

Yahoo! Geo

Planet

YAGO

World Fact-book

El ViajeroTourism

WordNet (W3C)

WordNet (VUA)

VIVO UF

VIVO Indiana

VIVO Cornell

VIAF

URIBurner

Sussex Reading

Lists

Plymouth Reading

Lists

UniRef

UniProt

UMBEL

UK Post-codes

legislationdata.gov.uk

Uberblic

UB Mann-heim

TWC LOGD

Twarql

transportdata.gov.

uk

Traffic Scotland

theses.fr

Thesau-rus W

totl.net

Tele-graphis

TCMGeneDIT

TaxonConcept

Open Library (Talis)

tags2con delicious

t4gminfo

Swedish Open

Cultural Heritage

Surge Radio

Sudoc

STW

RAMEAU SH

statisticsdata.gov.

uk

St. Andrews Resource

Lists

ECS South-ampton EPrints

SSW Thesaur

us

SmartLink

Slideshare2RDF

semanticweb.org

SemanticTweet

Semantic XBRL

SWDog Food

Source Code Ecosystem Linked Data

US SEC (rdfabout)

Sears

Scotland Geo-

graphy

ScotlandPupils &Exams

Scholaro-meter

WordNet (RKB

Explorer)

Wiki

UN/LOCODE

Ulm

ECS (RKB

Explorer)

Roma

RISKS

RESEX

RAE2001

Pisa

OS

OAI

NSF

New-castle

LAASKISTI

JISC

IRIT

IEEE

IBM

Eurécom

ERA

ePrints dotAC

DEPLOY

DBLP (RKB

Explorer)

Crime Reports

UK

Course-ware

CORDIS (RKB

Explorer)CiteSeer

Budapest

ACM

riese

Revyu

researchdata.gov.

ukRen. Energy Genera-

tors

referencedata.gov.

uk

Recht-spraak.

nl

RDFohloh

Last.FM (rdfize)

RDF Book

Mashup

Rådata nå!

PSH

Product Types

Ontology

ProductDB

PBAC

Poké-pédia

patentsdata.go

v.uk

OxPoints

Ord-nance Survey

Openly Local

Open Library

OpenCyc

Open Corpo-rates

OpenCalais

OpenEI

Open Election

Data Project

OpenData

Thesau-rus

Ontos News Portal

OGOLOD

JanusAMP

Ocean Drilling Codices

New York

Times

NVD

ntnusc

NTU Resource

Lists

Norwe-gian

MeSH

NDL subjects

ndlna

myExperi-ment

Italian Museums

medu-cator

MARC Codes List

Man-chester Reading

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Lotico

Weather Stations

London Gazette

LOIUS

Linked Open Colors

lobidResources

lobidOrgani-sations

LEM

LinkedMDB

LinkedLCCN

LinkedGeoData

LinkedCT

LinkedUser

FeedbackLOV

Linked Open

Numbers

LODE

Eurostat (OntologyCentral)

Linked EDGAR

(OntologyCentral)

Linked Crunch-

base

lingvoj

Lichfield Spen-ding

LIBRIS

Lexvo

LCSH

DBLP (L3S)

Linked Sensor Data (Kno.e.sis)

Klapp-stuhl-club

Good-win

Family

National Radio-activity

JP

Jamendo (DBtune)

Italian public

schools

ISTAT Immi-gration

iServe

IdRef Sudoc

NSZL Catalog

Hellenic PD

Hellenic FBD

PiedmontAccomo-dations

GovTrack

GovWILD

GoogleArt

wrapper

gnoss

GESIS

GeoWordNet

GeoSpecies

GeoNames

GeoLinkedData

GEMET

GTAA

STITCH

SIDER

Project Guten-berg

MediCare

Euro-stat

(FUB)

EURES

DrugBank

Disea-some

DBLP (FU

Berlin)

DailyMed

CORDIS(FUB)

Freebase

flickr wrappr

Fishes of Texas

Finnish Munici-palities

ChEMBL

FanHubz

EventMedia

EUTC Produc-

tions

Eurostat

Europeana

EUNIS

EU Insti-

tutions

ESD stan-dards

EARTh

Enipedia

Popula-tion (En-AKTing)

NHS(En-

AKTing) Mortality(En-

AKTing)

Energy (En-

AKTing)

Crime(En-

AKTing)

CO2 Emission

(En-AKTing)

EEA

SISVU

education.data.g

ov.uk

ECS South-ampton

ECCO-TCP

GND

Didactalia

DDC Deutsche Bio-

graphie

datadcs

MusicBrainz

(DBTune)

Magna-tune

John Peel

(DBTune)

Classical (DB

Tune)

AudioScrobbler (DBTune)

Last.FM artists

(DBTune)

DBTropes

Portu-guese

DBpedia

dbpedia lite

Greek DBpedia

DBpedia

data-open-ac-uk

SMCJournals

Pokedex

Airports

NASA (Data Incu-bator)

MusicBrainz(Data

Incubator)

Moseley Folk

Metoffice Weather Forecasts

Discogs (Data

Incubator)

Climbing

data.gov.uk intervals

Data Gov.ie

databnf.fr

Cornetto

reegle

Chronic-ling

America

Chem2Bio2RDF

Calames

businessdata.gov.

uk

Bricklink

Brazilian Poli-

ticians

BNB

UniSTS

UniPathway

UniParc

Taxonomy

UniProt(Bio2RDF)

SGD

Reactome

PubMedPub

Chem

PRO-SITE

ProDom

Pfam

PDB

OMIMMGI

KEGG Reaction

KEGG Pathway

KEGG Glycan

KEGG Enzyme

KEGG Drug

KEGG Com-pound

InterPro

HomoloGene

HGNC

Gene Ontology

GeneID

Affy-metrix

bible ontology

BibBase

FTS

BBC Wildlife Finder

BBC Program

mes BBC Music

Alpine Ski

Austria

LOCAH

Amster-dam

Museum

AGROVOC

AEMET

US Census (rdfabout)

Media

Geographic

Publications

Government

Cross-domain

Life sciences

User-generated content

Data2SemanticsCOMMIT From Data to Semantics for Scientific Data Publishers

COMMIT

COMMIT

Science Park 91098 XH Amsterdam

Postbus 9431090 GH Amsterdam

+31 20 525 76 44

04

23

S.vanBekkum@uva.nl

Aan de Projectleiders en andere belangstellenden van COMMIT

Betreft: FES onderzoeksprogramma COMMIT Amsterdam, dinsdag 2 november 2010 Geachte heer, mevrouw, COMMIT is goedgekeurd voor uitvoering door de CEKI, de commissie van (hoge) ambtenaren die de besteding van de aardgasbaten in het FES-fonds voorbereidt. Het subsidiebedrag van Z 50 miljoen was al goedgekeurd en gereserveerd door de vorige Ministerraad. Er was nog een review nodig door een raad van internationale zwaargewichten onder leiding van de vroegere CEO van Philips Research, Rick Harwig. Deze commissie was enthousiast en het programma is voor uitvoering goedgekeurd. Wat rest is de laatste stap in de procedure: de committering. Het programma COMMIT bestaat nu uit de volgende projecten: P01 - Information Retrieval for Information Services, projectleider Maarten de Rijke; P02 - Interaction for Universal Access, projectleider Anton Nijholt; P04 - Virtual Worlds for Well-being, projectleider Rob Blaauboer; P05 - Sensor Content for Well-being, projectleider Hans van Gageldonk; P06 - Socially-Enriched Access to Linked Cultural Media, projectleider Alan Hanjalic; P07 - User Centric Reasoning for Well-working, projectleider Wessel Kraaij; P08 - Sensor Networks for Public Safety, projectleider Paul Havinga; P09 - Very Large Wireless Sensor Networks for Well-being, projectleider Maarten van Steen; P11 - Composable Embedded Systems for Healthcare, projectleider Jozef Hooman; P12 - Dependable Cooperative Systems for Public Safety, projectleider Michael Borht; P15 - Trusted Healthcare Systems, projectleider Bart van Rijnsoever; P19 - Spatiotemporal data-warehouses for travellers, projectleider Martin Kersten; P20 - e-Infrastructure Virtualization for e-Science Applications, projectleider Henri Bal; P23 - Knowledge-management in science, projectleider Frank van Harmelen; P24 - e-Bio banking with Imaging, projectleider Ron Heeren; P26 - e-Science in Agrifood, projectleider Jan Top.

De directie van COMMIT wordt gevormd door: � Arnold Smeulders, voorzitter; � Peter Apers; � Inald Lagendijk; � Geleyn Meijer; � Johan Vos. Naast bijna alle (technische) Nederlandse universiteiten doen o.a. ook mee: Philips Research, Logica, TNO, het Rijksmuseum, Beeld en Geluid, Ilse Media, KLPD Elsevier en Hyves. Zij definiëren mede de vraagstelling van het onderzoek en passen als eerste de resultaten toe.

NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2009 1541-1672/09/$26.00 © 2009 IEEE 83Published by the IEEE Computer Society

T H E S E M A N T I C W E BEditor: Steffen Staab, University of Koblenz-Landau, staab@uni-koblenz.de

It’s a Streaming World!Reasoning upon Rapidly Changing InformationEmanuele Della Valle and Stefano Ceri, Politecnico di MilanoFrank van Harmelen, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDieter Fensel, University of Innsbruck

person behind the computer? Which content on the news Web portal is attracting the most atten-tion? Which navigation pattern would lead readers to other news related to that content? Do trends in medical records indicate any new disease spread-ing in a given part of the world? Where are all my friends meeting? Can we detect any intra-day cor-relation clusters among stock exchanges? What are the top 10 emerging topics under discussion in the blogosphere, and who is driving the discussions?

Although the information required to answer these questions is becoming increasingly available on the (Semantic) Web, there’s currently no soft-ware system capable of computing the answers—indeed, no system even lets users issue such que-ries. The reason is straightforward: answering such queries requires systems that can manage rapidly changing worlds at the semantic level.

Of course, rapidly changing data can be ana-lyzed on the ! y by specialized data-stream man-agement systems, but such systems can’t perform complex reasoning tasks, and they lack a protocol to publish widely and to provide access to the rap-idly changing data.

Reasoners, on the other hand, can perform such complex reasoning tasks, and the Semantic Web is pro-viding the tools and methods to publish data widely on the Web. These technologies, however, don’t re-ally manage changing worlds: accessing and reasoning with rapidly changing information have been neglected or forgotten by their development communities.

The state of the art in reasoning over changing worlds is based on temporal logic and belief revi-sion; these are heavyweight tools, suitable for data that changes in low volumes at low frequency. Sim-ilarly, the problem of changing vocabularies and evolving ontologies has undergone thorough inves-tigation, but here the standard practice relies on con" guration management techniques taken from software engineering, such as vocabulary and on-tology versioning. These are suitable for ontologies that change on a weekly or monthly basis, but not for high-change-rate, high-frequency domains.

Moreover, the typical (Semantic) Web architec-ture, which caches all the information, can hardly be applied to rapidly changing information, be-cause the crawled data would be obsolete at the time of querying.

We therefore suggest a completely different ap-proach. Stream reasoning, an unexplored yet high-impact research area, is a new multidisciplinary approach that can provide the abstractions, foun-dations, methods, and tools required to integrate data streams, the Semantic Web, and reasoning systems, thus providing a way to answer our ini-tial questions and many others.

In this column, we describe two concrete ex-amples of stream-reasoning applications and in-troduce stream-reasoning research problems. We also present a list of research areas that we believe should be investigated to turn stream reasoning into a reality.

Stream-Reasoning Applications: Concrete ExamplesStream reasoning can bene" t numerous areas: Traf" c monitoring and traf" c pattern detection

Will there be a traf" c jam on this highway?

Can we reroute travelers on the basis of

the forecast? By examining the clickstream from

a given IP, can we discover shifts in interest of the

IS-24-06-Sw.indd 83 11/5/09 3:47:46 PM

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