Data structure and c

K.S. PrabhuLetterer

All Deaf Educational Technology

Introduction in c

• C program made by ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie

in 1970.

• Developed by martin Richards.

• Although C was designed for implementing System

Software.

• It is also widely used for developing portable

Application Software.

ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie

Means

• C program mean compiler programming

• C is a Program language.

• It is a middle level language

• This programming language is designed to help as Data

process.

• Data process is numbers, characters and strings.

• Its provide use of output display

C Program logo and Code

The Character Set in C

1) Upper case alphabets:

• It is capital word alphabets

Example:• A B C D E …….Z

Sample code Program

#include<stdio.h>power(int*m,int*n);void main(){ int X,Y;clrscr();printf("Enter number:");scanf("%d",&X);

fflush(stdin);printf("Enter power to raise to:");scanf("%d",&Y);fflush(stdin);power(&X,&Y); ……………..……………………………….getch();

2) Lower case alphabets:

•It is small word through called by lower case alphabets

Example:

• a b c d e……..z

Sample Code Program#include<stdio.h>power(int*m,int*n);void main(){ int x,y;clrscr();printf("Enter number:");scanf("%d",&x);

• fflush(stdin);• printf("Enter power to

raise to:");• scanf("%d",&y);• fflush(stdin);• power(&x,&y);• ……………..• ………………• ……………….• getch();• }

3) Numbered or digital characters:

•It means also used by number or Ditital characters.

Example:

• 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Sample code Program#include<stdio.h>void main(){int a,b;char cmd[25];……….

……….

……….}

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){char name[21],addrs[31];clrscr();puts("Enter your Name to a maximum of 20 characters");puts("Enter your Address to a maximum of 30 characters");…………}

4) Arithmetic Operators:

•It means arithmetic program through operated by arithmetic operators.

•Example:

• + , %, *, - •Plus,Division,Multiple and Minus

Sample Code Program#include<stdio.h>sum(int a,int b);void main(){int x,y,value;scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);value=sum(x,y);printf("Total is %d\n",value);}sum(int a,int b){return a+b;}

OUTPUT

Output::53

Total is 8

5) Relational Operators:

•It is numberic and case character relation operated by relational operators.

•Syntax:-

•< >, < = >, = , =•Less and Great, Less Equal Great,Equal•Example•Example:• 4>5,6<4,4=4

Sample Code Program

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int I,sum,num;

clrscr();

sum=num=0;

for(I=0;I<8;I=I+1)

{

……..

……..

……..if(num<=0)getch();}

• 6) curly brace:Syntax:- { }

• { → Starting curely space• } → Ending curely space• Example:• {……………………}

Sample Code Program

{ Head of curly…………..…………..…………..{ Sub of curly…………..…………..

} Sub End of curly……….……….getch();} Head End of Curly

7) Square braces:

Syntax:- [ ]Example:• Float [4] ;• String [9] ;

Sample Code program#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){char str1[101],str2[101];int diff,I=0;clrscr();………..………..getch();}

• 8) Parenthèses braces :-• Syntax:-• ( )

Example:• Print (………)• Scant (………)

Sample Code program

Program::#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){char in_str[21];clrscr();

puts("Enter a string to a maximum of 20 characters");gets(in_str);fflush(stdin);puts(in_str);getch();}

• 9) Special characters:

• It mean other syntax characters

Syntax:-• &, !, #, ?, ~, `, @, ^, $, |,:,; .

Sample code program#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){char yn;clrscr();do{ puts("enter y/n(yes/no)");yn=getchar();fflush(stdin);if(yn!='y'&&yn!='n')puts("invalid input");}while(yn!='y'&&yn!='n'); getch();}

Special Character: