Data Storage and You

IntroductionMost will ask the question: “What is data storage?”

The easiest answer however is a place that you store your information….be it a document, a phone number, a picture, a movie; the possibilities are endless.

However, what many people get lost in is what type of data storage best suits their needs. Since the possibilities of storage are vast, so too, are the abilities of various types of storage.

How Does Data Storage work?

Floppy Disks

Cd-rom

Hard Drives

Virtual Storage

The following slides will show the various types of data storage that have existed over time, and now.

DATA STORAGE TYPES

FLOPPY DISKS

8” Floppy DiskThe 8” Floppy was the first floppy disk around. However, it was not a publicly used disk.

The original usage of these disks were to store and load microcode onto the mainframe processors.

The microcomputers that were used primarily for word processing and engineering utilized one or more 8-inch drive.

8 inch Floppy disk

Picture Credits:http://www.computermuseum.li/Testpage/Floppy-8inch-wDiskette.gif

Data Capacity

Disk Form factor[1] Year introduced

Formatted Marketed

Storage capacity capacity¹

(in KB = 1024 bytes if not stated)

IBM 23FD[2] 8-inch 1971 79.75 ?

Memorex 650 8-inch 1972 175 1.5 megabit[3] [unformatted]

IBM 33FD / Shugart 901 8-inch - SSSD 1973 237.25[4][5] 3.1 Mbits unformatted

IBM 43FD / Shugart 850 8-inch - DSSD 1976 500.5[6] 6.2 Mbits unformatted

IBM 53FD / Shugart 850 8-inch DSDD 1977980 (CP/M)

1.2 MB- 1200 (MS-DOS FAT)

Abbreviations: DD = Double Density; QD = Quad Density; HD = High Density; ED = Extended Density; LS = Laser Servo; HiFD = High capacity Floppy Disk; SS = Single Sided; DS = Double Sided

5 ¼” Floppy

This was the first disk used by computers commercially. Users would use a series of these disks to load and hold information for programs as well as documents, and reports.

It’s capacity maxed at 1.2 MB, however it started at 100KBCapacity Credit

Photo credit to:commons.wikimedia.org

DATA CAPACITYHistorical sequence of floppy disk formats

Disk format Year introduced Formatted Storage capacity Marketed capacity

5 1⁄4-inch (35 track) Shugart SA 400 1976[23] 87.5 KB[24] 110 kB

5 1⁄4-inch DD 1978 360 or 800 KB 360 kB

5 1⁄4-inch Apple Disk II (Pre-DOS 3.3) 1978 113.75 KB (256 byte sectors, 13

sectors/track, 35 tracks) 113 kB

5 1⁄4-inch Atari DOS 2.0S 1979 90 KB (128 byte sectors, 18 sectors/track, 40 tracks) 90 kB

5 1⁄4-inch Apple Disk II (DOS 3.3) 1980 140 KB (256 byte sectors, 16 sectors/track, 35 tracks) 140 kB

3 1⁄2-inch HP single sided 1982 256×16×70 = 280 KB 264 kB

5 1⁄4-inch Atari DOS 3 1983 127 KB (128 byte sectors, 26 sectors/track, 40 tracks) 130 kB

5 1⁄4-inch QD 720 KB 720 kB

5 1⁄4-inch RX50 (SSQD) Ca. 1982 400 kB[citation needed] 400 kB

5 1⁄4-inch HD 1982[28] 1155 KB 1.2 MB

5 1⁄4-inch Perpendicular 1986[30] 10 MB[citation needed] ?

Abbreviations: SD = Single Density; DD = Double Density; QD = Quad Density; HD = High Density; ED = Extended Density; LS = Laser Servo; HiFD = High capacity Floppy Disk; SS = Single Sided; DS = Double Sided

3 ½” FloppyThe 3 ½” floppy slowly replaced the 5 ¼” floppy due to its smaller size, slightly larger storage capacity and its more resilient casing.

The disk no longer was ‘floppy’ but rather was sturdy.

Image Credits:http://www.best-electronics-ca.com/

Data Capacity

Historical sequence of floppy disk formats

Disk format Year introduced Formatted Storage capacity Marketed capacity

3 1⁄2-inch HP single sided 1982 256×16×70 = 280 KB 264 kB

3 1⁄2-inch (DD at release) 1983[27] 720 KB (400 SS, 800 DS on Macintosh, 880 DS on Amiga) 1 MB

3 1⁄2-inch HD 1987 1440 KB 1.44 MB (2.0 MB unformatted)

3 1⁄2-inch ED 1987[31] 2880 KB 2.88 MB

3 1⁄2-inch Floptical (LS) 1991 20385 KB 21 MB

3 1⁄2-inch LS-120 1996 120.375 MB 120 MB

3 1⁄2-inch LS-240 1997 240.75 MB 240 MB

3 1⁄2-inch HiFD 1998/99 150/200 MB[citation needed] 150/200 MB

Abbreviations: SD = Single Density; DD = Double Density; QD = Quad Density; HD = High Density; ED = Extended Density; LS = Laser Servo; HiFD = High capacity Floppy Disk; SS = Single Sided; DS = Double Sided

Formatted Storage Capacity is total size of all sectors on the disk:

CD-rom & DVDs

mediatec-inc.com

best-audio-converters.com

CD-rom

CD-rom & DVDs are another type of data storage. Much like the floppy disks, they have gradually increased their capacity, and have discontinued the services rendered by their predecessors.

CDs and DVDs store data slightly differently however, they store their information through laser transfer.

A laser will “beam” the information into the CD or DVD and digitally read the information from the shiny underside of the disks.

CD-rom cont’d.

Type of Storage Storage Capacity

CD – rom / CD-r 700 MB

DVD -/+ R 4.7 GB

Dual Layer DVD 8.5 GB

The following table shows the increase of data from 1.44 MB to the current 4.7 GB storage & 8.5 GB capacity of DVDs.

http://www.ehow.com/facts_5763222_storage-capacities-cd-rom-dvd_.html

Hard Drives

Hard DrivesThere are several different types of hard drives that can store data. These hard drives include:

Internal Hard Drives – the hard drives that are installed into your computer.http://www.bestbuy.com/site/Hitachi+-+300+GB+Internal+Hard+Drive/4594782.p?id=1218492481975&skuId=4594782

External Hard Drives – Hard drives that are able to be remotely plugged into any computer via a USB port, and come with its own power supply.http://www.bestbuy.com/site/WD+-+My+Book+Essential+3TB+External+USB+3.0/2.0+Hard+Drive+-+Black/1261281.p?id=1218244145647&skuId=1261281

Portable Hard Drives - These hard drives are similar to External Hard Drives with the added benefit of being slender and light weight for easier transport. These hard drives do not have a power supply, but rather utilizes the power supply of the computer to be operated.http://www.bestbuy.com/site/Toshiba+-+Canvio+Basics+HDTB105XK3AA+500+GB+External+Hard+Drive/4169257.p?id=1218456773205&skuId=4169257

Internal Hard Drives External Hard Drives

Portable Hard Drives

Hard Drives Overview

The following table shows the basic capacity of the common hard drives that are on the market today.

CapacityDigital Music(Hours)

Digital Photos(Files)

Digital Videos(Hours)

DVD Quality(Movies)

HD Videos(Hours)

320 GB up to 5,000up to 100,000

up to 320 up to 80 up to 80

750 GB up to 12,000up to 240,000

up to 750 up to 180 up to 180

1.0 TB up to 16,600up to 320,000

up to 1,000 up to 250 up to 250

2.0 TB up to 33,320up to 640,000

up to 1,000 up to 500 up to 500

3.0 TB up to 49,980up to 960,000

up to 3,000 up to 750 up to 750

Average file size using cameras

highest resolution JPEG

mode

Based on standard 2- hour

movie

Based on H.264 compression at 6.7Mbps bitrate

Virtual Storage

The last category of types of Data Storage is virtual storage.

The most recent introduction, it allows data to be stored over the internet.

There are several different types of data storage sites that can be utilized – the most common of which is “The Cloud.”