Data Sheet Carbon Steels

7/27/2019 Data Sheet Carbon Steels

1/17

CARBON STEELS

EN BS970 NOTES

EN1A 230M07

Mild Steel that is very easy to machine to a good surface finish,

percentage of lead which makes it unsuitable for welding. It is mused in mass produced (CNC) items because of the ease of whic

which aids extended tool life.

Common uses: Low stress hubs, casings, handles, linkages and

Not suitable for: Stressed items subjected to tensile loading su

studs or wear likely applications as the surface will tend to dull aonto mating materials. Material rusts very readily if left unprotec

this steel can be welded, it is not recommended as the parent m

to 'rip' about the welds when stressed, shear loading will cause f

Machining: To achive the best finish and accuracy, EN1A shouldat high surface speeds and feeds with a general purpose carbide

be used to good effect. Most lubricants are suitable, but beware will cause surface staining.

EN3 070M20

Mild Steel, fairly easy to machine but with a tendency to 'rip' if uis very easy to weld and is used as a more general purpose stee

applications.

Common uses: Lightly stressed bolts, fixings, shafts, spacers, h

bushings. Bracketry, linkages and baseplates would be fine to prEN3.

Not suitable for: Stress components such as torque loaded sha

bending forces and shock loading. The material will yield and dis

stress conditions, bending before shear.

Machining: Surface 'ripping' is more evident in EN3 so lubricati

Fairly high surface speeds should be used with moderate feeds. easy with cutting oil and achiving a fine finish is achived with sligVery nice to weld with good flow and strength.

EN8 080M40 Medium strength steel that is suitable where good all-round perf


2/17

required. Much better quality than EN3 but with the drawback of

Common uses: Hydraulic rams (chromed) , key steel, medium medium bending and compression loading applications. Good co

resistance. Material bends considerably before failour.

Not suitable for: High shock loads as the material tends to sheextreme conditions. High bending forces.

Machining: Achiving a fine finish is more difficult because the m'rip', especially evident during fine pitch dry screwcutting. Plenty

content lubricant is recommended. Final polishing is very likely ra fine finish though will never quite look as bright as EN3. Weldiand achives a strong joint.

EN16 605M36

High strength steel that shares many of the good mechanical probut is far more resistant to shear loading and frictional wearing.

Common uses: Tolerant shear pins, connecting rods, crosshead

load couplings and hubs. Resists shearing and bending but with before breakage.

Not suitable for: EN16 is a very good 'all round' performer, witof material cost to hold against it. May be used in most higher lo

applications.

Machining: The material is very similar to machine as EN8, shoreluctance to polish to a bright finish and has a very slight golde

surface which develops over time. Screwcutting is fairly easy witthan EN8, though copious quantities of high pressure cutting flu

recommended to achive the best surface.

EN19 709M40

High strength steel to be used when a very high tolerance to shorequired, suitable to be used in areas of very high loading such a

etc. Material has slight corrosion resistant properties and is possvery accuratly to a fine surface finish. Can be induction hardene

Common uses: Tow pins, high load studding, gears, shafts, rac

load bearing tie rods.

Not suitable for: Suitable for most applications where strength


3/17

requirement, but higher material cost should be considered.

Machining: Quite tough material to machine as turning can be like, especially with HSS cutters - though the application of plen

aids tool life. Easy to obtain a high surface finish with carbide tip

should be machined at a medium surface speed. Polishes very wmachine to fine dimensional tolerances. Generally a stainless grashould be used if possible.

EN24 817M40

Very high strength steel that is easy to thru' heat treat and temp

minimum surface scaling.

Common uses: Used for the production of punches and dies behardenability, drill bushings, bearings surfaces, high strength sh

hubs, screws and fixings.

Not suitable for: Shock shear loading is more limited than EN1

because failure will be more likey to occur in shear loads. Crackidistortion can occur during heat treatment so sharp edges shoul

where possible.

Machining: Tough to machine, especially with HSS. The use of recommended - though chip breaking is easilly achived with mod

feeds. Easy to produce a high quality surface finish to high tolera

higher surface speeds can be used on final cuts. Best roughed ouspeed but higher feed then finished with high speed and modera

be machined when hardened with stainless grade tips or ceramic

EN36 633M13

To be used when very high surface strength is required with a so

material.

Common uses: High quality crank shafts, high strength gearing,

and couplings. Maintains a soft core after heat treatment to resisvery hard surface will aid friction mechanical faces.

Not suitable for: Material is produced for high strength, cost wou

when selecting its use.

Machining: In un-heat treated state the material machines simila

steels but with a slight dulling to the surface when compared to or similar. After heat treatment, surface grinding should be perfo


4/17

mechanical faces as scale can be quite previlant. Ceramic tips mhigh surface speeds.

The original 'EN' or 'Emergency Number' material designation was developedduring the years of WW2 to aid the standardisation of steel referance

specification and production of components produced from materials. The ENreferance has continued to be used from that time - many attempts over the

years have been made to update and circulate a new standard, but theoriginal EN designation tends to remain in the workplace. The second most

common material designation used in the UK is probably the BS970 standard- although officially this has been superseded by another european standard,

confusingly also named the 'BS EN' number. The BS970 standard however

was designed to clearly detail the carbon content and the specific type ofsteel via the numbers and letter given to the material. (as shown below)

Steel Type:

This three digit number indicates the type of steel:

000 to 199 - Carbon manganise steel, number shows the manganise

content. (x100)

200 to 240 - Free cutting steel, the 2nd and 3rd digit represents the

sulphur content. (x100)

250 to 250 - Silicon manganise steel.

300 to 499 - Stainless steels and steels resistant to heat.

500 to 999 - Reserved for alloyed steels.


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Letter:

The single letter will be one of four designations, A, H, M or S:

A - The steel is supplied to a chemical composition as attained from a

chemical batch.

H - The steel specification is 'hardenable'.

M - The material is produced to certain mechanical properties.

S - The steel is stainless in specification.

Carbon Content:

The last two numbers represent the average material carbon content. (x100)

Sometimes a further letter can be added to the designation when a certainheat treatment condition has been applied.

EN Numbers:

One can only generalise the structure of the EN system without producing a

chemical make-up chart that details the complete steel composition. The

designations can therefore be generalised as follows:

The higher the EN number, the better the quality of steel - and the more

carbon, or blended elements are added to the chemical content.

EN1 to EN3 - Low carbon, general purpose steel.

EN5 to EN16 - Medium carbon content with general purose strength.


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EN19 to EN24 - Higher carbon steels with good hardenablity.

EN32 to EN36 - Hard wearing materials.

EN40 to EN45 - Spring steels.

EN56 to EN60 - Stainless steels.

It is often found that a further letter is added to the EN number to indicate aheat treated condition, more commonly used amongst the higher carbon

steels to denote the hardness state.

This list should be used only as a open generalisation to aid in material selection.

En1A to En 7 - Page 1

Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties

Related

Specificatio

ns

General

Information

C Si MnN

i

C

r

M

o

V

a

S P

Tens

ile

Strength

Yiel

d

Stress

0.2

%

Proof

Elon

g-

ation

Izo

d

Brin

ell

No:

BS SAE

Spec

BS97

0

Type

of

Steel

Cond-

ition% % % %

%

%

%

% %

Tons

/ Sq

In

Min

To

ns /

Sq

In

Mi

n

To

ns

/

Sq

In

Mi

n

%

Min

Ft

Lb

Mi

n

No:- No:- No:-

En

1A

Free

Cutti

ng

Mild

Steel

Cold

Rolled

or

Draw

n

0.

0

7

to

0.

1

0.

1

0

%

m

0.8

0

to

1.2

0 %

---

---

-

-

0.2

0 to

0.3

0 %

0.07

%

max

-- -- --

10

to

26

a)

-- --32/

4--


7/17

5

%

ax

En

1B

FreeCutti

ng

Mild

Steel

ColdRolled

or

Draw

n

0.

0

7

to

0.

1

5

%

0.

1

0

%

m

ax

1.00

to

1.4

0 %

---

---

-

-

0.3

0 to

0.6

0 %

0.06

%

max

23

to

27 a)

-- --

10

to

24 a)

-- --32/

5--

En 2b)

G/Pu

rp

ColdForm

ing

Steel

Rolled

orForge

d

0.

2

0%

m

ax

--

0.8

0ma

x

-- --

-- --

0.0

6

%

ma

x

0.06

%

max

20 -- -- 28 -- --

144

9162

7 29

10161019

En

2A

Sp/P

urp

Cold

Form

ing

Steel

STCO

c)

0.

1

2

m

ax

--

0.5

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.0

5

ma

x

0.05

max-- -- -- -- -- --

144

9

162

7

1006

1010

En

2A/1

Sp/P

urp

Cold

Form

ing

Steel

STCO

c)

0.

1

0

m

ax

--

0.5

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.0

4

ma

x

0.04

max-- -- -- -- -- --

144

9

1006

1008

En

2B

Sp/P

urpCold

Form

ing

Steel

STCO

c)

0.

1

5

m

ax

--

0.50

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.05

ma

x

0.05

max-- -- -- -- -- --

1449

162

7

1006

1012


8/17

En

2C

Sp/P

urp

Cold

Forming

Steel

As

Rolled

or

Forge

d

0.

1

5

to

0.

2

5

m

ax

--

0.4

0

to

0.6

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.0

5

max

0.05

max-- -- -- -- -- --

144

9

1017

1020

En

2D

Sp/P

urp

Cold

Form

ing

Steel

As

Rolled

orForge

d

0.

1

5

to

0.3

0

m

ax

--

0.4

0

to

0.70

ma

x

--

-

- --

-

-

0.0

5

ma

x

0.05

max -- -- -- -- -- --

144

9

1017

10201025

En 2E

Cold

Form

ingFully

Killed

As

Rolled

orForge

d

0.

1

5m

ax

0.

1

0

to

0.3

5

m

ax

0.5

0

ma

x

--

-

- --

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1009

En 3

'20'

Carb

on

Steel

As

Rolled

orForge

d

0.

2

5m

ax

0.

0

5

to

0.3

5

m

ax

1.0

0

ma

x

--

-

- --

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max -- -- -- -- -- --

14,

29

400

1506

/10

2

1017

1022


9/17

En

3A

'20'

Carb

on

Steel

As

Rolled

/

Norm

a-

lised

0.

1

5

to

0.2

5

0.

0

5

to

0.3

5

0.4

0

to

0.90

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max28 -- -- 25 -- --

14,

29

32/

2

400

150

6/

101

1017

1022

En

3C

'20'

Carb

on

Steel

As

Rolled

/

Norm

a-

lised

0.

1

7

to

0.

23

0.

0

5

to

0.

35

0.6

0

to

1.0

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

5

ma

x

0.05

max28 -- -- 25 -- --

14,

29

400

150

6/

101

1022

En

3B

'20'

Carb

on

Steel

Cold

Draw

n

0.

2

5

m

ax

0.

3

5

m

ax

1.0

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max28 -- -- 17 -- --

32/

2

150

6/

121

1017

1022

En

3D

'20'

Carb

on

Steel

Cold

Draw

n

0.

1

5

to

0.

2

5

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.6

0

to

1.0

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

28

to

35

a)

-- -- 15 -- --

14,

2932/

2

400

150

6/

101

1017

1022

En 4

'25'

Carb

on

Steel

Norma-

lised

0.

30

m

ax

0.

0

5to

0.

3

5

1.0

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

28to

38

-- -- 25 --126to

179

1503/

151

1025


10/17

En

4A

'25'

Carb

on

Steel

Cold

Draw

n

0.

3

0

m

ax

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

1.0

0

ma

x

---

---

-

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

32

to

42

-- -- 12 -- -- --1025

1026

En 5

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

Norm

a-

lised

0.

2

5

to

0.

3

5

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.0

6

to

1.0

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max32 16 -- 25 20

143

to

193

144

9 29

1026

1030

1033

En 5K

d)

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

Norm

a-

lised

0.

2

5

to

0.

3

5

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.6

0

to

1.0

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

5

ma

x

0.05

max32 16 -- 25 20

143

to

193

144

91030

En

5A

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

STCO

c)

0.2

5

to

0.

3

0

0.0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.7

0

to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max-- -- -- 25 20 --

144

9

1026

1030

En

5B

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

STCO

c)

0.

2

8to

0.

3

3

0.

0

5to

0.

3

5

0.7

0to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max-- -- -- -- -- --

144

91030


11/17

En

5C

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

STCO

c)

0.

3

0

to

0.

3

5

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.7

0

to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max-- -- -- -- -- --

144

91033

En

5D

'30'

Carb

on

Steel

Harde

ned

Temp

ered

+Cold

Draw

n

0.

2

5

to

0.

3

5

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.6

0

to

1.0

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

35

to

45 a)

-- --

15

to

20

10

to

40

229

to

255

144

9

1026

1030

1033

En 6

Med.

Carb

on

Steel

Bright

0.

4

0

m

ax

0.

0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.5

0

to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

38

to

48 a)

-- --

10

to

12

a)

15

to

20

-- -- 1035

En 6K

Medi

um

Carb

on

Steel

Bright

0.

4

0

m

ax

0.0

5

to

0.

3

5

0.5

0

to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

5

ma

x

0.05

max

35

to

45 a)

-- --

12

to

15

a)

10 --32/

11035

En

6A

Medi

umCarb

on

Steel

Bright

0.

40

m

ax

0.

0

5to

0.

3

5

0.5

0to

0.9

0

---

---

-

-

0.0

6

ma

x

0.06

max

32to

48 a)

-- -- 10 -- --

32/

1

46/

1

1035


12/17

En 7

Semi

Free-

Cutti

ng

C/Steel

Cold

Draw

n

0.

1

0

to

0.

3

0

0.

2

5

m

ax

0.7

0

to

1.3

0

---

---

-

-

0.1

0 to

0.1

8

0.06

max

30

to

50 a)

-- --

12

to

15 a)

-- --

32/

1

46/

1

1115

En 7A

Semi

FreeCut'g

'15'

MildSteel

Cold

Drawn

orNormal

-ised

0.

2

Max

%

0.10

ma

x %

1.00 to

1.5

0 %

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.

10to

0.

18%

0.06 %

ma

x

35to

45

a)

28

b)

-- --

1

5

to

2

5b

)

1

0-

2

0a)

-- 1B 1115

En 8

'40'

Carbo

nSteel

Normal

-ised

0.35

to

0.45

%

0.0

5 to0.3

5

%

0.6

0 to

1.00 %

-

-

-

-

--

--

0.

06%

M

ax

0.0

6 %

Max

35

to

45c)

18

to

32

c)

--

1

0t

o

20

c

)

15

to

25

c)

1

52

to

25

5

d)

32

/1

46/1

1040

En 8A

'40'

Carbon

Steel

Supplied

ToComp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

-- -- -- -- -- --

En 8B

'40'Carbo

n

Steel

SuppliedTo

Comp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 8C

'40'Carbo

n

Steel

SuppliedTo

Comp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 8D

'40'Carbo

n

Steel

SuppliedTo

Comp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 8E'40'

CarboSupplied

To--

--


13/17

nSteel

Comp'nOnly

En 8K

'40'

Carbo

nSteel

Spec

App

Normal

-isedor

H/Temp'd

-

-

-

-

En 8M

'40'Carbo

n

Steel

FreeCut'g

CD

NormH/Temp

-

-

-

-

En8AM

'40'

Carbon

Steel

FreeC

ut'g

SuppliedTo

Comp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En

8BM

'40'Carbo

n

SteelFreeC

ut'g

Supplied

To

Comp'nOnly

--

--

En

8CM

'40'

Carbon

Steel

FreeC

ut'g

SuppliedTo

Comp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En

8DM

'40'

Carbo

n

SteelFreeC

ut'g

Supplied

To

Comp'nOnly

-

-

-

-

En 9

'55'

Carbon

Steel

Norm

CD

H/Temp'd

-

-

-

-


14/17

En 9K

'55'Carbo

n

Steel

NormCD

Hard'd &

Tempered

-

-

-

-

En 10

'55'Carbo

n

%

Nickel

Steel

Finally

Heat

Treated

-

-

-

-

En 11

'60'

Carbon

Chro

miumSteel

Hardened

andTempered

-

-

-

-

En 12

1%Nicke

l

Steel

Norm

-alised

Hardened&

Tempered

-

-

-

-

En 12A

1%

Nickel

Steel

Supplied

ToComp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 12B

1%

Nickel

Steel

Supplied

ToComp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 12C

1%

Nickel

Steel

Supplied

ToComp'n

Only

-

-

-

-

En 13

Mang'

eseNicke

l

Moly

Steel

Hardened

&Tempered

-

-

-

-

En 14ACarbo

n

Norm'd

Cold

-

-

-

-


15/17


16/17

LOW CARBONCHROME + NICKEL MOLYSTEEL

- - - -

8620 - EN353, EN354 SNCM420H

4320 17CrNiM06 EN36C, EN -

- - 361, 362, 363 -

CHROME STEEL

5130 34Cr4

EN18A,

EN18C SCR435

5140 41Cr4 SCR440

CHROME + MOLYSTEEL 4130 25CrM04 EN19C SCM440H

4135 34CrM04 - SCM435, SCM420

4140 42CrM04 - -

MEDIUM CARBONCHROME + NICKEL +POLYSTEEL

4340 - EN24SNCM431, SNCM439

SNCM447

BEARING STEEL SAE52100 100Cr6 EN31 SUJ1, SUJ2 etc

SAE5160 - EN45A SUP6, SUP9, SUP11

GRADES (As per Indian & Various International Standards)

CARBON AND ALLOYSTEELS (Automobile Sectors)1. Carbon Steel

A. ForgingB. BoilersC. Auto

2 Wheelers Cars Tractors

D. Seamless TubeE. Exports

Transmission2. Low Alloys

A. ForgingB. Auto

2 Wheelers 4 Wheelers

C. Seamless Tube3. High Alloys

A. ForgingB. Auto

Heavy Engineering SPRING STEELS BALL BEARING STEELS ANY OTHER SPECIAL GRADES OF STEEL AS PER CUSTOMER'S REQUIREMENTS PRIMARY ALUMINIUM SMELTERS CATHODE/ANODE STEEL BARS.


17/17

Steel grades are used to classify various steels by their composition and physical properties.These grades have been developed by a number of standards organizations. These are thosestandards organizations:

SAE steel grades

British Standards

International Organization for Standardization ISO/TS 4949:2003

For alloys in general (including steel), unified numbering system (UNS) of ASTM International

and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).

Japanese steel grades: JIS standard

Germany steel grades: DIN standard

China steel grades: GB standard

Austrailian Standards

French Standards

Documents

Data Sheet Carbon Steels