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DATA PEOPLE CITIESEUROCITIES CITIZEN DATA PRINCIPLES IN ACTION
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
PRINCIPLES ON CITIZEN DATA
BARCELONA - EMPOWERING STUDENTS TO USE OPEN DATA
BORDEAUX - TAPS INTO TOURISM TRENDS
DEBRECEN - USING DATA TO REINFORCE LOCAL IDENTITY
EDINBURGH - SUPPORTING GREEN SPACES FOR NATURE AND BIODIVERSITY
EINDHOVEN - MOBILITY DATA SHARING FOR BETTER DECISION MAKING
FLORENCE - FOSTERS A MORE FUNCTIONAL AND EFFICIENT CITY
HELSINKI - PUTTING CITIZENS IN CONTROL
MANCHESTER - ENCOURAGING USE OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT
RIJEKA - ENSURING CYBER SECURITY FOR CITIZENS
ZARAGOZA - CO-CREATING URBAN SERVICES WITH CITIZENS
OTHER EXAMPLES
The effects of the digital transformation are already all around us in our everyday lives.
The introduction of new technologies is designed to create more liveable and sustainable
cities. The simplest act from moving around your city to using an app on your mobile
phone generates an ever growing amount of data.
As public authorities we want to ensure the digital transformation is accessible to and
works for all people, and that data is used in a responsible way. Accessing citizen data
and using connected devices allows city governments to monitor things like traffic flow,
noise pollution or carbon emissions. Data like this is the backbone of smart city solutions
and designing the next generation of public services.
Our concept of what makes a city ‘smarter’ begins with the citizen, and that includes making
sure people understand the use of and have access to their data.
That’s what this publication is all about. EUROCITIES 10 principles on citizen data provide
guidance for local administrations to try to manage this data in an ever better way and
put these principles into practice in their projects.
We’ve selected 10 projects from different cities that are good examples to illustrate
each of our 10 principles. We want to show how local governments are fully engaged in
exploiting the opportunities of the digital transformation in many different policy areas
to benefit citizens, and we hope these examples will inspire other cities to do the same.
This publication also showcases the essential innovation of cities. Cities are the perfect
scale to test out innovative and smart solutions that work for people. Each one of these
projects is unique, designed locally, but each one of these could be upscaled with
European assistance, or be the inspiration for a new EU regulatory framework.
Inspiration. That’s it, that’s the key. Cities are the fountains of inspiration, so please read
and be inspired!
Anna Lisa BoniSecretary general
EUROCITIES
FOREWORDANNA LISA BONI
“In this era of big data and AI, local authorities believe that we need to maximise the opportunities for smart, fair and inclusive progress. These city examples give valuable insights on how cities can place themselves on the ‘right side’ of the data divide, using citizen data for the common good.”
Daniel Sarasa FunesChair EUROCITIES working group data
Zaragoza
INTRODUCTIONA growing number of citizen data sets
are generated every day in cities. This
data has significant social, scientific and
economic value for society. Unfortunately,
current business models do not allow full
access and use of this data, preventing
local companies, academics, governments
and citizens from participating in and
benefitting from socially responsible
innovation.
The principles outlined below recognise
data generated by citizens as a valuable
public asset while preserving and
reinforcing citizens’ rights. The aim
is to give guidance to European local
governments on how to use data-
generated knowledge to improve urban
life and preserve European values
through scientific, civic, social, economic
and democratic progress. This includes
putting in place mechanisms and practices
to give citizens control over their data.
These principles are also useful as good
practice for companies and potential
inspiration for future EU policies and
legislation.
These principles were initiated by
Barcelona, Edinburgh, Eindhoven, Ghent
and Zaragoza and further developed by the
EUROCITIES Knowledge Society Forum.
DEFINITIONCitizen data1 is personal and non-personal
data, directly or indirectly generated
in the digital public sphere, using digital
technologies and collected through
different infrastructures (Internet of
Things, telecom networks, payment
systems, cameras, social networks, etc).
This data is traced, collected, measured,
stored, used, managed and processed
both by public and private entities
(according to the General Data Protection
Regulation).2
1 The term ‘citizens’ in this context means both the origin of data, which is mostly related to citizen activities (how we communicate, move, consume, etc) but also the ultimate guardians of the data.
2 ‘Citizen data’ is more comprehensive than open data, which mainly relates to non-personal data. Although we recognise that European local governments, as public bodies, need to continue to move towards open data, this is not the subject of these principles.
PRINCIPLES ON CITIZEN DATA
1 Citizen data as a public asset of and for each individual: citizen data must be recognised as a public and individual asset and shall be solely used in the public interest.
2 Public value: local governments recognise, support and adhere to the principle that use of citizen data generates tangible benefits for citizens and society. Using data-generated knowledge has the potential to improve our cities through scientific, civic, social, economic and democratic progress.
3 Citizens as data guardians: governments have the responsibility to, and must, ensure citizens can have access to and manage their data, as well as influence how it is collected and used.
4 Protection and privacy: if citizen data contains personal data, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will apply. Storage, management, processing and use of data that involves privacy or safety risks should be done in accordance with the relevant EU and national legislation.
5 Transparency and accountability: transparent, understandable and accountable measures on which, when, where and for what purpose data is sourced, collected and managed should be put in place when generating data in public space. This includes both manual and automated methods, such as artificial intelligence and decision-making tools.
6 Citizen data sharing and governance: anonymised data should be shared between relevant stakeholders with the common
goal of maximising public value, subject to national and EU legislation. However, safeguards (e.g. synthetic data) must be identified and put in place to avoid, wherever possible, the risk of individuals or profiles being identified through use of new data analysis technologies (e.g. mining, use of Artificial Intelligence, aggregation of data sets or data linking).
7 Quality: the quality of the data should be preserved. Those who use and share data have the responsibility to ensure the integrity, authenticity, consistency and accuracy of data.
8 Interoperability: the importance of data interoperability should be acknowledged and guaranteed through standardisation, open interfaces, open data models and open protocols to facilitate data sharing and re-use.
9 Ethical and social responsibility: collecting and combining data may result in unforeseen insights about society or individuals. Parties collecting data in public spaces should ensure they regularly engage with citizens to investigate, discuss and agree requirements for any ethical consequences of data collection and, if necessary, adjust their practices accordingly.
10 Local governments as connectors: city governments are particularly suited to providing the connection between quadruple helix innovation ecosystems and the public and private data silos. They should be given the means to develop and expand city data stores (or knowledge bases) to facilitate this connection.
BARCELONA EMPOWERING STUDENTS TO USE OPEN DATA
MERCÈ FÍGOLS PUIGBÒProject manager
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLECitizen data as a public asset of and for each individual
Related principles
Public valueEthical and social responsibilityLocal governments as connectors
1
2
9
10
Barcelona’s open data challenge was launched with the motto ‘the future reusers are now in school’. The aim of this city council-led contest is to promote the use of open data in secondary schools and public professional schools.
Students (14-16 years old), supervised by their teachers, analyse data available through the Barcelona open data website to develop apps, using open source programmes, as well as visual and graphic representations of their findings. These outputs can provide local politicians with strategic information to help them take responsible decisions on the future of the city. The students’ findings can also be used by developers to create new apps and solutions, and improve services for a more livable and sustainable city.
The first two contests involved 14 educational centres, 40 teachers and about 480 students. These numbers are expected to rise for the 2019-2020 competition, which means even more students will have the chance to learn about and work with data during their formative years.
The challenge has a huge social and educational impact both on teachers and students as well as the broader community. Teachers gain knowledge through a training course on the open data platform offered by the city council and the Consorci d’Educació de Barcelona (CEB, the Education Consortium of Barcelona), so they can guide students. The main target of the challenge, students, develop digital and analytical skills while growing their critical spirit and awareness of urban challenges and local needs.
Urban data collected through the contest on topics like immigration, gentrification and economic growth is used as a public and individual asset for the common urban interest. Among the successful projects are studies on access to affordable housing by neighborhood, on the best areas to launch a business and on the free WiFi spots in Barcelona.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Environment Knowledge Society Social Affairs
BORDEAUX TAPS INTO TOURISM TRENDS
ARNAUD BURAYHead of data management
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLEPublic value
Related principles
Citizen data as a public asset of and for each individualCitizen data sharing and governanceLocal governments as connectors
2
2
9
10
Bordeaux’s big data and tourism project brings private and public actors together to monitor tourists’ behaviour in the metropolitan area and provide the city and regional governments with valuable information on tourism trends.
The research project was launched by the École Supérieure d’Ingénieurs Léonard de Vinci (ESILV, The Leonardo da Vinci Engineering School), in partnership with Bordeaux Metropole, the Bordeaux Tourist Office and the Banque des Territoires Nouvelle-Aquitaine (the Territorial Bank). It studies and analyses social media data from, for example, TripAdvisor, Instagram and Flickr, where tourists leave a digital trace through photographs and posts.
Once anonymously processed and analysed, this data on the number of visitors and their age, nationality and geolocalisation reveals the area’s attractiveness and enables the development of cultural and nightlife activities tailored to tourists’ interests and needs. The data also enables evaluation of the impact of public policies and investments in culture, tourism and internationalisation, such as the City of Wine exhibition and high speed trains.
The project fosters useful synergies and cooperation between the regional and city governments on tourism strategies, initiatives and activities that affect the economic growth of the entire area - and is a prime example of how citizen data can have real public value, generating tangible benefits for citizens and society as a whole.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Economy Knowledge Society MobilityCulture
DEBRECEN USING DATA TO REINFORCE LOCAL IDENTITY
BÉLA LÓRÁNT KOVÁCSDirector of the Meliusz Juhasz Peter library
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLEEthical and social responsibility
Related principles
Public valueInteroperability Local governments as connectors
9
2
8
10
In 2015, Debrecen embarked on a major project within its smart city strategy to digitalise the city legacy, with the aim of bringing its cultural and historical heritage closer to citizens and strengthening their local identity. Subsequent initiatives within this framework have taken the idea further in a bid to improve the city’s tourism offer for visitors and enrich its cultural offer for citizens.
The overarching goal of this work, by the local authorities of Debrecen, together with the Meliusz Juhasz Peter library and the Debrecen Urban and Economic Development Centre (EDC), was to foster development in terms of tourism, infrastructure and economic growth and greater social cohesion among 31 small local communities.
The consortium has since launched a civic culture programme whose ‘Our City’ mobile app makes use of WiFi hotspots, GPS coordinates and QR codes to gather tourist data on the most popular routes and attractions. This data is used to enhance the urban environment and its services.
In 2018, public stakeholders started an integrated public and private collection system to reinforce the common local identity. This open data platform records the quantity and frequency of loans of the audio-visual material loaned from libraries, archives and private collections as well as readers’ tastes in terms of genres and topics. This data is shared with associations, agencies and private organisations and used to organise virtual historical exhibitions, art shows and festivals and encourage communities to share their heritage. Through games and commemorations of, for example, the Hungarian revolutions, mutual knowledge is fostered and social cohesion and attachment to the city restored.
As well as having a huge impact on citizens’ sense of shared identity and the city’s economy and tourism, the system has led to the establishment of a digital team at the library responsible for digitalising and uploading archive material with particular attention to the ethical and social responsibilities in compliance with the data protection regulation.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Economy Urban Governance
Culture
EDINBURGH SUPPORTING GREEN SPACES FOR NATURE AND BIODIVERSITY
MAIN PRINCIPLETransparency and accountability
Related principles
Public valueProtection and privacyEthical and social responsibility
5
2
4
9
CAT MAGILLProgramme lead Edinburgh living lab
Contact
CitySounds and ParkLife are two projects launched by the University of Edinburgh in collaboration with the city council and community partners to develop better ways for scientists and residents to understand and improve how urban green spaces can support biodiversity and human health and wellbeing.
CitySounds looked at how sounds captured in parks can provide citizens with information about biodiversity and human activity and explored how people might want to use this information to benefit the city. ParkLife is assessing how to capture data about the uses and value of parks in an ethical way and to use this data to engage citizens and help park managers improve green spaces for people and nature. Both projects experimented with placing sensors in city parks. CitySounds used audio capture devices which automatically analyse data to identify instances of bats, traffic and other human activity. To ensure citizen privacy and anonymity, data is captured in short bursts from sensors in different places and a sound-scrambling algorithm
renders any recorded voices or conversations unidentifiable.
ParkLife is placing sensors to monitor proximity (people counting), bats and use of park equipment. It is also installing a chatbot and an e-ink screen as part of a physical/digital notice board where people can engage with the project, find out what data is being collected and see real-time reports. The project will test the sensors and notice board to see how they can involve users in shaping the future of urban green spaces.
Working with the city’s parks and green spaces department, friends of parks groups and others, CitySounds and ParkLife are developing technical resources and guidelines for supporting long-term sustainable development of the city’s parks and green spaces and adopting more participatory and transparent approaches to data use. This is meant to ensure transparent, understandable and accountable measures on which, when, where and for what purpose data is sourced.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Environment Knowledge Society
EINDHOVEN MOBILITY DATA SHARING FOR BETTER DECISION MAKING
NIELS WIERSMAData & platform strategy
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLECitizen data sharing and governance
Related principles
Public valueLocal governments as connectors
6
2
10
As part of Eindhoven’s commitment to enhancing access, sharing and re-use of data generated in the city for the benefit of citizens and services, it has signed a letter of intent with electric car sharing firm Amber Mobility to gain data-driven insights that will help shape new mobility policies and implement more efficient public services and solutions.
The agreement will see the municipality grant a parking permit discount for all paid parking areas to Amber Mobility in exchange for access to the company data on the use of shared cars within the city. From this anonymised data, Eindhoven will learn about the number of vehicles involved, timeframes and the areas of greatest use.
This agreement, which is open to other car sharing providers during the year-long pilot phase, enables Eindhoven to take a data-driven approach to analysis of how shared mobility solutions are
developing, where electrical charging stations and parking facilities are needed and where mobility innovations are lacking. With this information, the city can improve smart mobility hubs to stimulate the use of shared cars.
After evaluation of the pilot, Eindhoven aims to incorporate this data sharing approach into common parking permit policy and regulations. The results will also be followed up nationally, with possible broader implementation. The evaluation is also crucial for recommendations on structural changes in the relevant regulations.
This example of data exchange between a commercial stakeholder offering mobility solutions and the city authority is the first of its kind in the Netherlands and reflects Eindhoven’s commitment to maximise public value by sharing data with relevant economic stakeholders in citizens’ interests.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Economy Mobility Urban Governance
FLORENCE FOSTERS A MORE FUNCTIONAL AND EFFICIENT CITY
GIANLUCA VANNUCCINIIT Manager
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLEQuality 7
Related principles
Citizen data as a public asset of and for each individual Interoperability Local governments as connectors
1
8
10
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Florence’s data hub is a model of shared governance that makes it easier for citizens, visitors and companies to access services and information. Since its initiation in 2011, the hub has been supported by ongoing work on the digitalisation and integration of the administration’s internal databases to ensure the quality, accessibility and re-use of big data.
All relevant stakeholders, such as subsidiary companies, the university, private start-ups, local organisations and citizens, have been called on to upload and update the city’s databases with public data held by them. As a result, the system includes data related to everything from infrastructure maintenance to student numbers and the status of green spaces.
Integrating all city databases makes it possible to conduct real-time statistical surveys on, for instance, economic trends, environmental needs and social services status. This information helps decision-makers gain awareness and direct knowledge of current local
performance so they can set policies and interventions in accordance with emerging priorities.
The system has made a number of actions possible to reduce waste and inefficiencies — which the integration of information makes easier to track and tackle. It has also led to the launch of new services that enhance the attractiveness and liveability of the city. Examples include datasets on street cleaning, on the availability of parking spaces classified by tariff and accessibility and out of hours pharmacies.
The city’s open data system demonstrates how statistics and big data can play a pivotal role in supporting the functioning of the administration and of society, delivering quantifiable organisational, economic and managerial benefits. Key to the system’s success is a focus on quality data: it gathers all the information and data available for each public sector and ensures the integrity, authenticity, consistency and accuracy which are vital elements for a more functional and efficient city.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Knowledge Society
Urban Governance
HELSINKI PUTTING CITIZENS IN CONTROL
MIKKO RUSAMAChief digital officer
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLECitizens as data guardians
Related principles
Protection and privacyTransparency and accountability Ethical and social responsibility
3
4
5
9
As part of Helsinki’s commitment to empower individuals by improving their rights to self-determination regarding their personal data, the city is collaborating with non-profit MyData Global to create a citizen profile and data consent management system.
MyData provides both a vision and guiding principles for people to have more control over the data traces they leave in their everyday life. People should have access to their data, be able to trace it and give, and retract, their consent for others to use it. A standardised, open and mediated approach to personal data management is needed.
Through the project, Helsinki is developing the skills and capabilities to become a MyData operator and provide citizens with an account to manage their data. As an operator the city can also provide personal data storage solutions, perform data analytics and operate as an identity provider. The fundamental requirement is that it lets individuals receive and send data streams according to one interoperable set of standards.
This model allows people to give consent for their data to be used for a purpose other than the one for which it was originally supplied. For example, they could take data collected about their purchasing habits by a loyalty card in their favourite grocery store and use it in a personal financial management system to see how they are spending money on groceries. As well as being able to monitor and change their consent to the data over time, people can also take their data from one place to another if they decide to change services.
Through this project, Helsinki is ensuring citizens have access to and can manage their data on a human-centred personal management data system. A system based on mutual trust between users and service providers that enhances the protection of digital human rights while opening up new opportunities to develop innovative digital services.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREA
Knowledge Society
MANCHESTER ENCOURAGING USE OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT
MAIN PRINCIPLEInteroperability
Related principles
Citizen data as a public asset of and for each individual Protection and privacyLocal governments as connectors
8
1
4
10
ADRIAN SLATCHERPrincipal resource and programmes manager
Contact
Ambitious to find ways for the city council to ensure that technology respects citizens’ digital rights and enables people to live more sustainably and happily, Manchester is working in the large-scale European SinchroniCity project to co-develop internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence-enabled innovations.
As part of this project, Manchester has developed the Active Travel Insights IoT solution. This gives a detailed understanding of cyclist movements across the city through the amalgamation of open, real-time and cutting-edge data to encourage greater use of non-motorised transport and of the enhanced cycling networks within the city.
The solution combines data feeds from three types of sensors - Vivacity, iSensing and environmental - with comparative open-air quality data provided by partner cities Antwerp, Eindhoven and Helsinki. In this way, local authorities gain a deeper understanding of the urban cycle network, including how many people use cycle routes,
the interaction between different types of road users, the impact of the road network on the environment and where citizens are travelling to and from.
Active Travel Insights also addresses safety issues around active travel on strategic routes in each partner city - such as pedestrian routes across a dangerous tram junction - to shape future safety measures and protect citizens’ safety by reducing accidents. In addition, it provides evidence for steering local policymakers towards cycling infrastructure policies and investments.
The project highlights the significance of a shared technology framework and approach to the development and implementation of smart city activities in different European cities. SinchroniCity and the Active Travel Insights pilot are based on technical interoperability, for example shared data models, open interfaces and standardisation, and this is a key factor in facilitating data sharing and re-use as well as upscaling innovative digital solutions.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Knowledge Society Mobility Urban
Governance
RIJEKA ENSURING CYBER SECURITY FOR CITIZENS
DANIEL ANTONICChief information security officer
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLEProtection and privacy
Related principles
Transparency and accountability Citizen data sharing and governanceEthical and social responsibility
4
5
6
9
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In 2018, Rijeka achieved certification to the leading international standard for the advanced information security management system at the heart of its data centre, assuring citizens and other local stakeholders of the robustness and integrity of the information technology services provided by the city.
Rijeka’s data centre is an online tool for storing data and providing e-government services such as a unified payment system and a medical single booking platform. It gathers information from local administration and public companies, collecting huge amounts of sensitive data that requires a high level of protection from cyber attacks and unauthorised access.
The ISO/IEC 27001 certification awarded to the city is an information security standard published by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
It confirms that Rijeka’s management system adopts overarching measures to protect information from threats and vulnerabilities and guarantees ongoing security controls.
The certificate represents a step forward in the city’s compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). It affirms that local authorities in Rijeka are using ICT-based solutions that respect citizens’ digital rights and protect their privacy and personal data while also providing safe access to public services and transparent use of their information. As ISO/IEC 27001 is designed to cover much more than information technology it is also helping Rijeka develop more efficient city system management and better quality services for citizens.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREA
Knowledge Society
ZARAGOZA CO-CREATING URBAN SERVICES WITH CITIZENS
DANIEL SARASAUrban innovation programme manager
Contact
MAIN PRINCIPLELocal governments as connectors
Related principles
Citizen data as a public asset of and for each individualPublic value Citizen data sharing and governance
10
1
2
6
Zaragoza launched the Periscope project to make citizen data containing the traces and patterns that define urban life - how people move around, interact with, use services and enjoy the city - more relevant, understandable and useful for citizens.
The project is a prototype for sharing data on urban flows in energy, economy and urban, inter-urban and cyclist mobility with local decision-makers and private players. As economic stakeholders and consumers, citizens are actively engaged by local authorities in co-creation activities to design more efficient urban services tailored to communities’ needs.
Creating wider public knowledge about citizen data has been made possible by Etopia, the art and technology centre supported by Zaragoza and the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Commerce. This urban space for innovation and creativity hosted the first mobility visualisation hackathon in September 2018, which brought together the city’s programmers, graphic designers and artists.
Its aim was to create audio-visual content to represent mobility trends in and around the city in an easy-to-understand and accessible way for citizens, making the most of local big data. The winning video showed how young people move around on public transport during the week and the weekend for different time slots.
The outcomes of all successful projects are providing powerful leverage for new mobility policies as well as valuable tools to communicate directly both with citizens - for quick feedback on public services and needs - and with local stakeholders such as bus companies about improvements in their services.
With the Periscope project making big data simple and clear to understand, Zaragoza is able to connect citizens and other ecosystem players to the daily life of the city and enable them to participate and take advantage of the use of their data.
DESCRIPTION, OBJECTIVES AND IMPACT OF THE ACTIVITY
POLICY AREAS
Mobility Urban Governance
OTHER EXAMPLES
AMSTERDAMMY AMSTERDAM
Principles: 1 2 4 5 6 9
My Amsterdam is a personal digital portal
that gives citizens a 24/7 overview of
the personal data stored by the city and
details of data-customised amenities
available locally. It also provides a digital
space where residents can easily submit
follow-up questions and feedback as
well as receive relevant neighbourhood
information, such as events and
announcements, on a personal map. From
2020 the portal will also include specific
features for entrepreneurs.
AMSTERDAMTADA MANIFESTO Principles: 4 5 9 10
In 2017, companies, public authorities,
communities and citizens from the
Amsterdam region wrote the ‘Tada – data
disclosed’ manifesto inviting ecosystem
players to agree on guideline principles
for shaping a responsible digital city. The
Tada principles are: inclusive city, citizen
control over data, algorithms tailored to
the people, legitimate and monitored use
of data, open and transparent data and
citizen data for citizen benefits.
https://tada.city/
ATHENS
VISION PRIVACY PLATFORMPrinciples: 3 4 5
Athens is upgrading the transparency,
accountability and innovation of its open
government platforms to increase citizen
confidence and trust in e-services. Through
software, tools and methodologies, VisiOn
empowers citizens by providing clear
visualisation of their privacy preferences,
relevant threats and trust issues along with
an insight into the economic value of user
data. It also equips local authorities with
infographics showing their compliance
with European regulations on privacy,
transparency and accountability.
https://www.visioneuproject.eu/
BARCELONAWORLD DATA VIZ CHALLENGE Principles: 1 2 9 10
Barcelona and Kobe (Japan) have arranged
cultural, educational, sporting, economic
and technological exchanges to share
knowledge and foster common interests
since 1993. For the 25th anniversary,
the cities launched the World Data
Viz Challenge, encouraging citizens to
use open data to create infographics
reflecting local urban trends and smart city
challenges. As well as being an exercise
in transparency, access to open and re-
usable data prompts policymakers to take
more effective decisions.
https://opendata-ajuntament.barcelona.
cat/en/data-viz-kobe-home
CLUJ NAPOCA LOCAL OPEN DATA PORTALPrinciples: 1 2 4 5 6 7 10
Cluj Napoca’s local open data portal
provides stakeholders interested in the
development of the city with public big
data on city life. The available datasets also
allow citizens to have an overview of the
public value of their data, policymakers to
take more effective and reasoned decisions,
companies to offer needed products and
researchers to deliver more accurate analysis.
https://code4.ro/en/
COLOGNEDATA PROTECTION MANAGEMENT CONCEPTPrinciples: 5 7 10
When the General Data Protection
Regulation (GDPR) came into force in 2018,
Cologne introduced an internal instruction
manual to ensure extensive transparency
and accountability in the collection,
management and re-use of public data.
The manual gives further attention
to information technology security
mechanisms and serves as guidelines for
civil servants managing sensitive data.
GHENTDATA PROCESSING REGISTRYPrinciples: 3 4 5 9
The data processing registry introduced by
Ghent is addressed at local administrators
and citizens. This internal platform gives
public authorities an updated and accurate
overview of the big data produced in
the city while the open version allows
residents to interact with and query the
administration on the use of their data.
KARLSTADDIGITAL KARLSTADPrinciples: 1 2 5 6 8 9 10
Digital Karlstad is the city’s umbrella
collective and participative strategy for the
digitalisation of services and the innovation
of e-services. The latest technologies
are used to ensure urban development,
data security and transparency and
citizen involvement in public life. Through
online surveys and dialogue initiatives,
the administration better understands
citizens’ opinions and needs and collects
ideas for future investment. Data collected
helps policymakers adopt cost-effective,
desired and sustainable measures.
https://karlstad.se/Kommun-och-politik/
digitala-karlstad/
MILANINTEROPERABILITY PLATFORMPrinciples: 1 2 3 8
Thanks to its 852 servers and 201
applications, Milan’s urban sharing
platform enables online activities and
processes with benefits for its citizens, its
environment and its administration.
Integrated and digitalised internal systems
and databases allow better organisation
of data, making it easier to share and re-
use for improving e-services. Innovations
made possible by interoperability include
a digital citizen folder, digital application
and processing of public procurements
and unified payment and fine systems.
http://dati.comune.milano.it/
RENNESPUBLIC DATA SERVICEPrinciples: 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 10
Rennes’ public data service is an online
platform that gathers datasets on local
public life to inform and inspire innovation
while respecting privacy and democratic
values. It enables and empowers
e-government solutions across sectors,
creating social and economic value
through secure, free and fair access to
citizen data. The city involves stakeholders
including start-ups and researchers in
co-designing functionalities, defining
roles and responsibilities and integrating
skills and expertise for a more effective
administration.
https://data.rennesmetropole.fr/
explore/?sort=modified
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