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8/9/2019 Data Communication Basic Networking
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DATA COMMUNICATION
AND BASIC NETWORKINGSheryl May C. Jagonia
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Learning Objective
Define Data Communication
Define the term Bandwidth
Define the term Attenuation
Define the term Protocol
Identify the different types of Data
ransmission ChannelsIdentify Basic Components of a Data
Communication !ystem
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Learning Objective "cont#d$%
& Identify he different types of Conducted
'edia
&Identify different (inds of )adiated 'edia
& Identify * types of Communication
'edium
& Identify different types of ProcessingConfigurations
& Define +etwor(
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Learning Objective "cont#d$%
& Define +etwor(ing
& Define +etwor( Interface Card "+IC%
& Identify different +etwor( Classifications& Identify * most important Characteristics
of a +etwor(
& Define and differentiate ,ireless and'obile +etwor(
& Discuss -enerations of Cellular +etwor(s
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DATA COMMUNICATIONDEFINITION
opic .
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,hat is DataCommunication/
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elecommunication
Data Co!ni"ation is the
electronic transfer of data from
one location to another$
012 03collaboration of ,eb04 "www$webe1$com%
http://www.webex.com/http://www.webex.com/8/9/2019 Data Communication Basic Networking
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DEFINING TERMS
opic *
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,hat is a
Bandwidth/
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,hat is
Attenuation/
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,hat is a Protocol/
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ypes o a a ransm ss onChannel
Broa'(an'6 multiple pieces ofdata are sent simultaneously to increase
the transmission rateNarro)(an'6 a voice3grade
transmission channel capable of
transmitting a ma1 of 789::: bps
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BASIC COM$ONENTS OF ADATA COMMUNICATION
opic 5
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as c omponen s o a a aCommunication !ystem
!ender and )eceiver Devices
+etwor( Devices
Communication medium
"channel%
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.% !ender and )eceiver Devices
Personal computer
!mart phones
'obile phones
PDA
'p5 player
-ame consoles
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*% +etwor( Devices
'odem
)outers;ub
!witch
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'odem
Mo'e3is a device
that converts adigital signal to
an analog
signal and vice
versa
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)outers
Ro!ter*3enable
computers tocommunicate and they
can pass information
between two networ(s
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!witch
S)it"he*3can send and
receive information atthe same time9 so they
can send information
faster than hubs can$
3switches weremuch more e1pensive
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Digital !ubscriber Line "D!L%
Digital !ubscriber Line "D!L%
Asymmetric Digital !ubscriber
Line "AD!L %6download speed ishigher than upload speed$
!ymmetric Digital !ubscriber
Line "!D!L%6 download speed ise=ual to upload speed$
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5% Communication 'edia
Also (nown as Channels
Connect senders and receivers
devices
* ypes2
oConducted 'edia 6 wired or guided
o)adiated 'edia 3 wireless
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T#$ES OF CONDUCTEDMEDIA
opic >
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wisted3Pair Cable
Consists of two
copper lines twisted
around each other
Can be shielded andunshielded
?sed in telephone
networ( and
communication within
buildings
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Coa1ial Cable
hic( cable
?sed in data and
voice transmissions
?sed mainly for longdistance telephone
transmissions and
local are networ(s
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@iber Optic Cable
?ses glass tubes as the
core and a glass called
cladding to form a light
path through wirecables
;as higher capacity9
smaller sie9 lighter
weight9 highest security
;as highest bandwidth
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)adiated 'edia
?se antenna for transmitting data
through air and water
012Broadcast )adio
errestrial 'icrowave
!atellite
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T#$ES OF COMMUNICATIONMEDIUM
opic 8
ypes of Communication
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ypes of Communication
'edium
Point3to3Point !ystem
'ultipoint !ystem
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T#$ES OF $ROCESSINGCONFIGURATIONS
opic
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Centralied Processing
Processing is done at one central computer$
A',antage2 01ercise tight control onsystem operations and applications
Di*a',antage2 Lac( of responsivenessto user#s needs
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Decentralied Processing
0ach user9 department or division has itsown computer for performing processing
tas($
A',antage2 'ore responsive to usersthan centralied processing
Di*a',antage2 Lac( of coordinationamong organiational unit9 high cost9
duplication of efforts
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Distributed Processing
'aintains centralied control and decentraliedoperations$
A',antage2 'ore responsive to users9 morereliable9 fault tolerant9 reduce cost "sharing
resources%
Di*a',antage2 Dependence on communicationtechnology9 incompatibility between
e=uipmentEs9 challenging networ( management
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,hat is a +etwor(/
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+etwor(
A net)or-can be defined as two or more computersconnected together in such a way that they can
share resources$
A resource may be2
A file
A folder
A printer
A dis( driveOr just about anything else that e1ists on a
computer
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,hat is +etwor(ing/
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+etwor(ing
Net)or-ingis the term that
describes the processes involved in
designing9 implementing9upgrading9 managing and
otherwise wor(ing with networ(s
and networ( technologies$
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Advantages of +etwor(ing
Connectivity and Communication
Data !haring
;ardware !haring
Internet Access
Internet Access !haring
Data !ecurity and 'anagement
Performance 0nhancement and Balancing
0ntertainment
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Disadvantage of +etwor(ing
+etwor( ;ardware9 !oftware and !etup
Costs
;ardware and !oftware 'anagement and
Administration Costs
?ndesirable !haring
Illegal or ?ndesirable BehaviorData !ecurity Concerns
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+etwor( Interface Card "+IC%
Net)or- intera"e "ar' /NIC06 +IC is a circuit board that
fits in one of the
computer#s internale1pansion slots$ It contains
circuitry that handles
sending9 receiving9 and
error chec(ing oftransmitted data$
Basic Co1onent* of a
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Basic Co1onent*of a+etwor(
Ser,er6 !erver computer is a core component of the networ(9
providing a lin( to the resources necessary to performany tas(
Client6 Client computers normally re=uest and receive
information over the networ( client. Client computersalsodepends primarily on the central server forprocessing activities
Cir"!it6 Circuit is composed of cables9 ports and other devices
that connects the !erver computer and Clientcomputers$
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Fey Points
wo of the most important
characteristics of a networ( are
the2Si2e
Sha1e$
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+etwor( Classification
& Local Area +etwor( "LA+%
& 'etropolitan Area +etwor( "'A+%
& ,ide Area +etwor( ",A+%
& ,orldwide Interoperability for
'icrowave Access ",i'a1%
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Local Area +etwor(
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Local Area +etwor(
A *egent is a portion of a LA+
in which all nodes are directlyconnected$
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'etropolitan Area +etwor(
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,ide Area +etwor(
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,i'a1
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WIRE&ESS AND MOBI&ENETWORK
opic G
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Differentiate a,ireless +etwor( and
a 'obile +etwor(
Ad t f ,+ d '+
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Advantages of ,+ and '+
'obility
@le1ibility
0ase of Installation
Low Cost
Di d t f ,+ d '+
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Disadvantages of ,+ and '+
Limited throughput
Limited )ange
In3Building Penetration Problems
Hulnerability of @re=uency +oise
!ecurity
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!I'ILA)II0!
Both ,LA+s and ,,A+s enablecomputing devices to communicate
with other devices or networ(s at any
time and from any location$
Both ,LA+s and ,,A+s rely on the
)@ spectrum as the communicationmedium but they differ in areas
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W&AN 3 WWAN DIFFERENCES
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Coverage
W&AN* WWAN*
About .:: meters 'uch wider areacapable of regional9nationwide9 or
international range
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!peed
W&AN* WWAN*
,ith the G:*$..bwireless standard orup to 7>'bps and
.::'bps
Depending on thetechnology9 couldvary from ..7Fbps
to .>'bps
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Data !ecurity
W&AN* WWAN*
?sually lower than,,A+s
?sually higher than,LA+s
'obile +etwor(s hree3part
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'obile +etwor(s hree partArchitecture
Ba*e Station
3!end and receive
transmissions to and from
subscribers
'obile +etwor(s hree3part
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'obile +etwor(s hree partArchitecture
Mo(ile Tele1hone S)it"hing
Oi"e /MTSO0
3ransfer calls between
national or global phone networ(sand base stations
'obile +etwor(s hree3part
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'obile +etwor(s hree partArchitecture
S!(*"ri(er
3Connect to base stations
by using mobile communication
devices
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GENERATIONS OF CE&&U&ARNETWORKS
opic J
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.-
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.-
Analog transmission
with limited
bandwidth
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* 7-
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*$7-
Added pac(et3switchingtechnology9 which
transmits data pac(ets
over radio signals
different from the phone
system#s circuit3
switching technology9
which transmits data asa continuous stream of
bits
5-
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5-
!upports
transmission of
high3=uality
multimedia data9including data9
voice9 and videos
>-
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>-
Providesbroadband9 large3
capacity9 high3
speed datatransmission and
high =uality
interactivemultimedia
services