Data Collection Survey on employment of elderly in Thailand · 1. There are appropriate works for elderly employees 2. The company wants to utilize their experience and capasity 5

DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON

EMPLOYMENT OF ELDERLY

IN THAILAND

JICA Thailand Office 1

2

1. SURVEY OUTLINE

SURVEY OBJECTIVES

<Phase 1: Data Collection Survey> To understand the current situation on the employment of elderly people as well as their preparation for post-retirement life

<Phase 2: Needs Survey on the Employment of Elderly People and Preparation for Post-Retirement>

To analyze the possibility to formulate a cooperation program to support the employment and post-retirement welfare of elderly people in Thailand based on the experience in Japan

3

1. SURVEY OUTLINE

SURVEY METHOD

Questionnaire survey targeted:

1) 100 Private Companies • 50 private companies listed in SET →25 companies responded • 50 private companies listed in MAI→19 companies responded

2) 1,000 Elderly Employees (aged 50 and more) • 10 employees from each target company →170 employees responded in total

4

1. SURVEY OUTLINE

QUESTIONNAIRE OUTLINE (PRIVATE COMPANIES)

1) General Information • Field of Business, Years of Operation, Number of employees

2) Retirement System • Retirement system, Early retirement, Re-employment

3) Welfare for Retiring Employees • Retirement Allowance, Provident Fund and other benefits

4) Future Plan on the Employment of Elderly Employees • Plan to increase the number of elderly employees • Required assistance from government to promote elderly employment

5

1. SURVEY OUTLINE

QUESTIONNAIRE OUTLINE (ELDERLY EMPLOYEES)

1) General Information • Age, Sex, Employment period, Salary, Number of dependents, Health condition

2) Willingness to Work • Willingness to work after reaching the retirement age • Opinion on the appropriate age for retirement

3) Plan for Post-Retirement Life • Plan for post-retirement life • Financial sources after retirement and sufficiency • Medical care after retirement

4) Concerns for Post-Retirement Life

6

2. QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS (COMPANIES)

1) General Information:

Cunsumer Products

9%

Industrials 27%

Property & Construction

9%

Services 16%

Technology 12%

Others 27%

Field of Business Years of Operation

0-9 years

7%

10-19 years 20%

20-29 years 25%

More than 30 years 43%

Others 5%

7



SET: 25 Companies MAI: 19 Companies 0-99 27%

100-299 30%

300-499 9%

500 -999 18%

1,000 and over 14%

N/A 2%

0-99 24%

100-299 20%

300-499 8%

500 -999 24%

1,000 and over 24%

N/A 0%

0-99 32%

100-299 42%

300-499 10%

500 -999 11%

1,000 and over 0%

N/A 5%

Number of Permanent Employees Total

8



SET: 25 Companies MAI: 19 Companies 0 - 4% 25%

5 - 9% 39%

10 - 19 % 14%

20 - 29 % 11%

30 % and over 9%

N/A 2%

0 - 4% 12%

5 - 9% 40%

10 - 19 % 24%

20 - 29 % 16%

30 % and over 8%

N/A 0%

0 - 4% 42%

5 - 9% 37%

10 - 19 % 0%

20 - 29 % 5%

30 % and over 11%

N/A 5%

Total

% of employees whose ages are 50 and over

9


2) Retirement System:

Age for Retirement

Yes with Uniform Age

95%

[CATEGORY

NAME] [PERCENTAGE]

Yes with Uniform Age

Yes with Different Ages by Type of Work/Position

No

55 17%

60 74%

Others 9%

• All responded companies set retirement age (74% set as 60 years old) • No companies set retirement age over 60

10


2%

24%

38%

10%

26%

Applicable for all employees who applied for the system Applicable for only emploees who meet criteria Applicable for only employees requested by the company Applicable with other regulations No

2) Retirement System:

9%

12%

79%

Yes and applicable for all employees Yes but applicable for employees who meet criteria No

Re-Employment System (including suspension of retirement)

Early Retirement System

11


91%

9%

According to the regulation of the government

Others

3) Welfare for Retiring Employees:

Provision of Retirement Allowance

27%

66%

7%

Yes with compulsory participation

Yes with voluntary participation

No

Provident Fund

0 - 24% 19%

25 - 49% 19% 50 -

74% 31%

75 - 100% 31%

Rate of participation

Average: 57%

12


Yes 43%

No 41%

Not sure 16%

4) Future Plan: Plan to Increase the number of Elderly Employees

6 14

4 2 2

3 0

3

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

1. There are appropriate works for elderly employees

2. The company wants to utilize their experience and capasity

3. Elderly employees have higher retention rate

4. Employment of elderly is a social need in Thailand

5. Number of employees apppriate for re-employment will increase

6. It is difficult to emply capable younger persons

7. Labour cost can be reduced with the re-employment of elderly

8. Others

7 3

0 0

1 4

6

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1. Not much appropriate work for elderly employees

2. Elderly people are phisically weak and tend to have health problem

3. It is difficult for elderly people to adjust themselves in new work environment

4. Elderly employees do not work long for the company

5. Labour cost for elderly is high

6. The company has a plan to employ younger employees

7. Others

19 companies

18 companies

13


4) Future Plan:

Required 54%

Not required

16%

Cannnot answer

30%

4

17

12

8

6

4

0 5 10 15 20

1. Assistance for reqruiting new elderly employees

2. Sharing khow-how on the employment of elderly

3. Assistance to labor costs

4. Assistance for capacity development program

5. Provision of training for elderly employees

6. Others

24 companies

Assistance from the Government

14

3. QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS (EMPLOYEES)

Total: 170 Employees


50 - 54 56%

55 - 59 34%

60 and over 9%

N/A 1%

Age

Male 46%

Female 51%

N/A 3%

Employment at the company

0-9 years 27%

10-19 years 28%

20-29 years 30%

30 yeats and more

13%

N/A 2%

Sex

Average: 54.6 years old

15



Less than19,99

9 30%

20,000-39,999

25%

40,000-50,999

12%

60,000-79,999

11%

80,000-99,999

8%

100,000 and over

8% N/A 6%

Monthly Salary (THB)

0 7% 1

11%

2 30%

3 19%

4 13%

5 11%

6 and more

4%

N/A 5%

Health Status

Good without health

concerns 44%

Good with minor health

concerns 49%

Not good 7%

Number of Dependents

①

②

③

16


2) Willingness to work: Willingness to work after reaching retirement age

Want to continue the same job, 89,

54%

Want to continue to work, but

change the job, 50,

30%

Want to retire from work, 26,

16%

Male

Want to

continue the same job

60%

Want to

continue to

work, but

chang…

Want to

retire from work 16%

Female

Want to


48%

Want to

continue to

work, but

chang…

Want to


Monthly Salary < THB 19,999

Want to


59%

Want to

continue to

work, but

chang…

Want to


THB 20,000- THB 59,999

THB 60,000 <

Want to


60%

Want to

continue to

work, but

chang…

Want to


Want to


40%

Want to

continue to

work, but

chang…

Want to


Total Employees

17


2) Willingness to work: Willingness to work after reaching retirement age

Reasons to change the job (50 employees)

15

6

2

4

8

3

9

1. To increase income

2. To do physically light job

3. To use physical strength and health

4. To use knowledge and experience

5. To do something which I feel worthwhile

6. To work at convenient place

7. To work more time-flexibly

Preferred type of job (50 employees)

18

6

14

6

3

1. Full-time employmemnt

2. Part-time employment

3. Flexible work as a freelancer

4. Self-employmemnt

5. Others

18


Total Employees

2) Willingness to work: Appropriate age for retirement from the work:

55 years old 16%

60 years old 51%

65 years old 29%

70 years old and more

4%

Male

55 years old

13%

60 years old

48%

65 years old

32%

70 years

old and more

7%

Female 55

years old

18%

60 years

old 52%

65 years old

28%

70 years

old and more

2%

① Monthly Salary < THB 19,999

55 years old

24%

60 years old

56%

65 years old

18%

70 years

old and more

2%

② THB 20,000 - THB 59,999

③ THB 60,000 <

55 years old

15%

60 years old

53%

65 years old

30%

70 years

old and more

2%

55 years old 6%

60 years old

50%

65 years old

35%

70 years

old and more

9%

19


Total Employees

3) Plan for Post-Retirement:

Always

30%

Often 25%

Sometime 35%

Rarely 4%

Never 6%

Thinking about Post-Retirement Life

Male Female

Always

26%

Often 20%

Sometime 38%

Rarely

8%

Never

8% Alway

s 33%

Often 29%

Sometime 34%

Rarely 1%

Never 3%

Plan for Post-Retirement Life

Very clearly

16%

More or less

69%

Not yet 15%

Very clearl

y 14%

More or

less 75%

Not yet

11%

Very clearl

y 18%

More or

less 62%

Not yet

20%

20


3) Plan for Post-Retirement: Expected Financial Sources for Post-Retirement

Total: 170 Employees

69

89

105

94

79

41

23

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

1. Income from own business

2. Saving (and interest)

3. Social Welfare Fund

4. Provident Fund

5. Government allowance for the elderly

6. Finaicial support from families

7. Others

Largest Sources

54

35

28

30

9

4

2

4

31

35

34

18

10

4

7

13

20

20

25

18

9

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source

Second Largest Source

Third Largest Source

21



Male: 78 Employees

29

39

48

45

35

20

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Sources

24

13

10

16

4

4

1

0

15

18

15

7

4

1

3

6

7

8

12

8

4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source



22



Female: 87 Employees

38

48

54

46

42

21

10

0 10 20 30 40 50 60




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Sources

29

20

16

14

5

0

1

4

16

17

17

11

6

3

3

7

13

12

12

10

5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source



23



Employees with ① Monthly Salary <THB19,999: 52 Employees

14

18

32

25

28

10

5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Sources

10

8

13

9

3

2

1

0

0

13

12

10

1

0

1

4

1

3

11

6

2

0 5 10 15 20 25 30




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source



24



Employees with ② Monthly Salary THB20,000 – THB59,999: 62 Employees

25

32

52

38

30

19

11

0 10 20 30 40 50 60




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Sources

20

11

11

13

5

1

0

2

11

16

12

5

6

2

3

6

13

7

5

9

4

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source



25



Employees with ③ Monthly Salary >THB 60,000: 46 Employees

26

33

16

28

15

8

5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Sources

21

14

2

6

1

1

1

2

18

4

9

2

1

2

3

1

5

10

7

3

1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35




4. Provident Fund



7. Others

Largest Source



26


3) Plan for Post-Retirement: Sufficiency of Financials Sources for Post-Retirement Life

Total Employees

Surely enough

12%

Probably enough

34% Not sure 31%

Probably not

enough 17%

Not enough

6%

Male Female

Monthly Salary < THB 19,999

THB 20,000- THB 59,999

THB 60,000 <

Surely enough

11%

Probably

enough 37%

Not sure 31%

Probably not

enough 16%

Not enough

5% Surely enough

15%

Probably

enough 31%

Not sure 31%

Probably not

enough 15%

Not enough

8%

Surely enough

11%

Probably

enough 25%

Not sure 25%

Probably not

enough 31%

Not enough

8%

Surely enough

8%

Probably

enough 39%

Not sure 32%

Probably not

enough 16%

Not enough

5%

Surely enough

21%

Probably

enough 41%

Not sure 31%

Probably not

enough 5%

Not enough

2%

27


3) Plan for Post-Retirement: Management of Medical Care after Retirement

Total Employees (170)

90

74

42

10

42

8


2. Universal Health Care

3. Private Insurance

4. Welfare benefits of families

5. Self-expense

6. No ideas

0 20 40 60 80 100

Male (78) Female (87)

① Monthly Salary < THB 19,999 (52) ② THB 20,000- THB 59,999 (62) ③ THB 60,000 < (46)

40

37

21

2

18

5

0 10 20 30 40 50

48

35

19

8

24

3

0 20 40 60

28

29

6

0

10

4


2. Universal Health Care

3. Private Insurance

4. Welfare benefits of families

5. Self-expense

6. No ideas

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

36

28

13

5

12

2

0 10 20 30 40

21

13

21

4

17

2

0 5 10 15 20 25

28



88

107

55

14

39

31

7

14

3

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

1. Financial condition

2. Health condition

3. Physical weakness

4. Dementia

5. Becoming a burden of family

6. Future of family members

7. Lack of meaning for living

8. Lack of social relations/ Lonliness

9. Others

Serious Worries

58

48

7

2

3

6

0

1

0

15

45

16

3

7

4

3

2

0

9

6

20

2

16

9

1

7

0

0 20 40 60 80 100 120


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry

Second Serious Worry

Third Serious Worry

Total Employees

Have something to worry about

76%

Nothing to worry about

24%

130

29



38

46

22

5

20

18

2

4

2

0 10 20 30 40 50


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Serious Worries

27

20

2

0

0

5

0

0

0

5

21

5

1

5

3

1

1

0

4

3

9

0

9

3

1

3

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry


Third Serious Worry

Male Employees

Have somethong to worry about

72%


28%

56

30



48

61

33

8

18

13

5

9

1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Serious Worries

30

28

5

1

2

1

0

1

0

10

24

11

2

2

1

2

1

0

5

3

11

2

7

6

0

4

0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry


Third Serious Worry

Female Employees


82%


18%

71

31



31

30

11

3

15

11

3

5

1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Serious Worries

26

8

1

0

1

0

0

0

0

2

16

1

0

3

2

2

0

0

1

1

4

1

6

5

0

3

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry


Third Serious Worry

Employees with ① Monthly Salary <THB19,999: 52 Employees


73%


27%

38

32



36

41

25

5

13

11

2

6

1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Serious Worries

22

14

3

1

2

2

0

1

0

6

21

7

0

2

1

1

1

0

5

3

11

1

3

3

0

3

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry


Third Serious Worry


77%


23%

48

Employees with ② Monthly Salary THB20,000 – THB59,999: 62 Employees

33



15

31

16

6

9

6

2

3

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Serious Worries

7

24

2

1

0

3

0

0

0

5

5

7

3

2

1

0

1

0

2

2

4

0

5

0

1

1

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35


2. Health condition


4. Dementia





9. Others

Most Serious Worry


Third Serious Worry

Have somtthing to worry about

80%


20%

37

Employees with ③ Monthly Salary >THB 60,000: 46 Employees

Documents

Data Collection Survey on employment of elderly in Thailand · 1. There are appropriate works for elderly employees 2. The company wants to utilize their experience and capasity 5