Data analysis

Quantitative

Preparing Data

Internet data growing Manipulate in Excel Import into SPSS

Import

Data headings

Data view

Variable view

Variable characteristics

Verification - Outliers

Descriptive Statistics

Mean Median Mode Variance Standard deviation Skewness Kurtosis

Descriptive statistics

Results verify outliers

Association between variables

Correlation measures degree of association between each other

Correlation co-efficient between -1 and 1 1 Positive in equal size 0 No association -1 Negative in equal size

NB! Does not indicate causation

Correlation

Correlation coefficients

Correlation result

Chi-Square

Measures the variance of the sample mean compared to the expectation of a normally distributed parent population

Chi-Square test

Chi-Square cont.

Chi-Square cont.

Chi-Square cont.

Chi-Square cont.

T-Test purpose

Determine if averages of 2 variables are significantly different from each other

1 sample difference between 1 variable and constant

Independent samples difference between 2 variables that belong to separate groups

Paired samples difference between averages of the means of 2 groups that are linked in some way

Compare means

T-Test

T-Test result

ANOVA purpose

Determine if the means of more than 2 variables are the same as the overall mean

Analysis of Variance

ANOVA

ANOVA result

Regression purpose

Predict or explain 1 variable (dependent) using 1 or more known variables (independent variable/s)

Simple regression if 1 independent variable is used

Linear regression

Regression variables

Regression result

Data analysisPreparing DataImportData headingsData viewVariable viewVariable characteristicsVerification - OutliersDescriptive StatisticsDescriptive statisticsResults verify outliersAssociation between variablesCorrelationCorrelation coefficientsCorrelation resultChi-SquareChi-Square testChi-Square cont.Chi-Square cont.Chi-Square cont.Chi-Square cont.T-Test purposeCompare meansT-TestT-Test resultANOVA purposeAnalysis of VarianceANOVAANOVA resultRegression purposeLinear regressionRegression variablesRegression result