Data Analysis & EBP
NURS 335Data Analysis
Data AnalysisHow data will be analyzed depends on:research
questions/hypothesesresearch designQuantitativeQualitativedata
collection plan
Quan: Data Analysis (AKA
Statistics)DescriptiveInferentialPurpose: describe data
Statistics: frequency distribution, graphs, central tendency,
variability, distribution shapes, crosstabulationPurpose: make
judgments about a population
Statistics: parametric and non-parametric tests
Hypothesis TestingUse inferential statistics
Hypothesis Testing & ErrorType I ErrorBelieve there is an
effect in the population when there is not oneSignificance level (a
level)Type II ErrorBelieve there is no effect in the population
when there is oneStatistical power (b level)
4Inferential StatisticsParametricNonparametricInvolves
estimating parametersAssumptionsHigher LOM of variablesExamples:
Pearsons rt tests (independent and dependent)ANOVA
Does not estimate parametersNo assumptionsCategorical
variablesExamples: Spearmans rhoChi-squareMann-Whitney
UKruskal-Wallis
5Statistical Significancep value: probability valuecommonly
compared to a = .05 5% probability of something occurring by chance
One-tailed & Two-tailed testsOne-tailed test: statistical model
that tests a directional hypothesisTwo-tailed test: statistical
model that tests a non-directional hypothesis
6Qual: Data AnalysisCodingisolating words and phrases to
discover meaning and create connections (Bach, Ploeg, & Black,
2011, p. 158) ThemesFound through the coding process and represent
main themes consistent through all participant interviews
7After Data Analysis . . .Findings are discussedDiscussion
should includeMain findingsInterpretation of the findingsHow
results compare with previous researchLimitations of the study
Application to nursing
Quick Review of Research Process
Research ProcessIdentification of ProblemDetermination of
Research QuestionDetermination of Research
MethodologyQuantitativeQualitativeForm HypothesisConduct
ROLDetermine SamplingData CollectionData AnalysisDetermine
SamplingData CollectionData AnalysisTriangulate DataConduct
ROLModified from Figure 2-2 Boswell, 2014, p. 38
Next TimeEBP & QI
