Dampak TI terhadap organisasi. If the old model of organization was the large, hierarchical organization, the new model that is considered characteristic of the new competition is a network of lateral and horizontal interlinkages within and among firms ( nohria and eccles , 1997). 8. 7. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Filmstrip with Countdown
Dampak TI terhadap organisasiIf the old model of organization
was the large, hierarchical organization, the new model that is
considered characteristic of the new competition is a network of
lateral and horizontal interlinkages within and among firms (nohria
and eccles, 1997)>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >>
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>>8
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>>9PICTURE START
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>>10Pengertian organisasiDefinisi teknis: "Sebuah struktur
sosial yang stabil dan formal yang mengambil sumber daya dari
lingkungan dan diproses untuk menghasilkan output." (Laudon &
Laudon)Teknologi Informasi diperkenalkan ke dalam struktur ini
untuk membuat produk keluaran lebih efisien.>>0 >>1
>> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>11Pengertian
organisasiStruktur, Perilaku dan lain-lain:Hirarki kewenanganSifat
umumDitulis aturan perilaku (prosedur operasi)Promosi berdasarkan
prestasi (kualifikasi teknis untuk posisi; meritokrasi)Pembagian
kerja khususEfisiensi (efisiensi organisasi maksimal)Inovasi TI
dapat membua konflik diantara mereka>>0 >>1 >> 2
>> 3 >> 4 >>
Kantor Klaim Asuransi Pre-IT(c 1965)Giuliani, V. E. The
Mechanization Of Office Work. in Forester, T., ed.The Information
Technology Revolution. MIT Press; 1985.>>0 >>1 >>
2 >> 3 >> 4 >>
Setelah TI(c 1985)Giuliani, V. E. The Mechanization Of Office
Work. in Forester, T., ed.The Information Technology Revolution.
MIT Press; 1985.>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >>
4 >>A Post-ITInsuranceClaimsOffice(c 2004) Komputer bisa
berada di kantor pusat atau di perusahaan layanan
call centre bisa siapa saja dan dimana saja
petugas klaim agen mungkin bekerja di luar kantor, seperti
pegawai tidak
tetapTheNetworkHeadOfficeDataCentreCallCentreBankAgentsCustomers>>0
>>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>TI &
ORGANISASI: SEBELUM DAN SESUDAHPre-ITPost-ITTingkat ketrampilan
relatif rendah relatif tinggiKebutuhan Informasi aliran yg
terstruktur akses terbatas penyimpanan terstruktur akses
luasTanggapan relatif lambat relatif cepat>>0 >>1
>> 2 >> 3 >> 4 >>IP Pre-ITIP
Post-ITPekerjaan spesialis terkotak-kotak berulang generalis saling
terhubung variasi/tidak tentuAliran kerja cenderung ditumpuk
perkejadianStandar Kinerja mengikuti aturan memahami prosesTI &
ORGANISASI: SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH>>0 >>1 >> 2
>> 3 >> 4 >>IP Pre-ITIP Post-ITStruktur
organisasi Hirarki dan kaku lemah kerjasama kuat kerjasama lemah
secara hirarkiTenaga kerja relatif besar relatif lebih sedikitTI
& ORGANISASI: SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH>>0 >>1 >> 2
>> 3 >> 4 >>3 Efek ekonomis TI dalam
organisasiBiaya Teknologi Informasi umumnya jatuh, biaya tenaga
kerja umumnya meningkat. TI dapat menggantikan tenaga kerja, dan
mengurangi jumlah manajer menengah dan pekerja
administrasi.Teknologi Informasi menurunkan biaya transaksi. Oleh
karena itu ukuran perusahaan harus menjadi lebih kecil dan
melakukan transaksi eksternal lebih banyak (mis
outsourcing)Teknologi informasi menurunkan biaya manajemen internal
(pengawasan dan koordinasi). Sehingga perusahaan dapat menjadi
lebih besar. (?)>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >>
4 >>Unit Org. & Sistem TI
>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>Sistem Enterprise & Org.
Integrasi TI jadul>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3
>> 4 >>Sistem Enterprise & Org.
Integrasi TI masa kini >>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3
>> 4 >>5 era generasi komputer1964-1980 The System
Centric Era 1964: introduction of the IBM 3601981-1993 The PC
Centric Era1981: introduction of the IBM PC1994-2005 The Network
Centric Era2006-2015 The Content Centric Era?
>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizeSYSTEMS CENTRIC
Corporate
Transistor
Groschs Law
Proprietary Systems
Data Center
Efficiency
Vertical Integration
US systems
10 million
$20 billion>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizeSYSTEMS CENTRIC
Corporate
Transistor
Groschs Law
Proprietary Systems
Data Center
Efficiency
Vertical Integration
US systems
10 million
$20 billionPC CENTRIC
Professional
Microprocessor
Moores Law
Standard Products
LAN/WAN
Productivity
Horizontal value chain
US Components
100 million
$460 billion>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>25FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizePC CENTRIC
Professional
Microprocessor
Moores Law
Standard Products
LAN/WAN
Productivity
Horizontal value chain
US Components
100 million
$460 billionNETWORK CENTRIC
Consumer
Bandwidth
Metcalfes Law
Value Added Services
Public Network
Customer Service
Unified Computer & Communications ChainNational Carriers
1 Billion
$3 trillion>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizePC CENTRIC
Professional
Microprocessor
Moores Law
Standard Products
LAN/WAN
Productivity
Horizontal value chain
US Components
100 million
$460 billionNETWORK CENTRIC
Consumer
Bandwidth
Metcalfes Law
Value Added Services
Public Network
Customer Service
Unified Computer & Communications ChainNational Carriers
1 Billion
$3 trillion>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3 >> 4
>>FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizeNETWORK CENTRIC
Consumer
Bandwidth
Metcalfes Law
Value Added Services
Public Network
Customer Service
Unified Computer & Communications ChainNational Carriers
1 Billion
$3 trillionCONTENT CENTRIC
Individual
Software
Transformation Law
Custom Services
Transparent
Virtualization
Embedded
Content Providers
Universal
Too embedded to measure>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3
>> 4 >>28FEATURE
Audience
Technology
Principle
Offerings
Network Focus
User Focus
Supplier Structure
Supplier Leadership
# Users at end
Market SizeNETWORK CENTRIC
Consumer
Bandwidth
Metcalfes Law
Value Added Services
Public Network
Customer Service
Unified Computer & Communications ChainNational Carriers
1 Billion
$3 trillionCONTENT CENTRIC
Individual
Software
Transformation Law
Custom Services
Transparent
Virtualization
Embedded
Content Providers
Universal
Too embedded to measure>>0 >>1 >> 2 >> 3
>> 4 >>29Function
Org. level Sales & Marketing Manufacturing & Production
Finance & Accounting Human Resources"Epistemological Level"
Strategic(Executive Support System) Sales trend forecasting
Facilities location Profit Planning Labor force
needsStrategy"Wisdom?"
Management (Decision Support System; Management Information
Systems) Pricing analysis Production Planning Budgeting Range &
Distribution of wages, benefits Knowledge
Knowledge (Knowledge Work Systems; Office Systems) Market
analysis Computer Aided Design Investment Portfolio Analysis Design
possible career paths Knowledge and Information
Operations (Transaction Processing Systems) Enter, process,
track Machine control Accounts Receivable Track employee training,
skills & evaluationsData
