D¯-S¡w€¦ · kXyZqX‡ P\p-hcnþ2004 3 apJ¡pdn‚v a\p-jy\v D]-Im-c-ap-¯Xv ‘qan-bn´ \ne\n´¡p¶p Im e {]hml KXn Hcp t\ÀtcJ-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. a\p-jysâ kuI-cy-ﬂn-\p-th›n

$Page 1: D¯-S¡w€¦ · kXyZqX‡ P\p-hcnþ2004 3 apJ¡pdn‚v a\p-jy\v D]-Im-c-ap-¯Xv ‘qan-bn´ \ne\n´¡p¶p Im e {]hml KXn Hcp t\ÀtcJ-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. a\p-jysâ kuI-cy-fln-\p-th›n$
]pkvXIw 72

e°w 1

P\phcn 2004

kp¬lv 1382

Zp¬ I AZv Zp¬l÷v 1424

No v FUn-‰¿

apl-ΩZv Da¿ F®v. G.

FUn-‰¿

G. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿Uv

s]m^. alvaqZv AlvaZv

(sN-b¿am≥)

sI.-hn. Cuk-t°mb

sI. hn. l ≥ tImb

]n. Fw. _jo¿ AlvaZv

sF. sI. AlvaZvIpń

AUo-j-W¬ skI- dn

]ªn-t°j-≥

]n. Fw. AlvaZv l ≥

amt\-P¿

Fw.-sI. Cºn-®n-t°m-bń

k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿

Fkv. apl-ΩZv kenw

hcn-kwJy ˛ 100 I.

H‰-]Xn ˛ 10 I.

hnemkw

kXy-Zq-X≥

Pn. F®v. tdmUv

tImgn-t°m-Sv.

e-mail: [email protected]

ÿm]nXw

1925

ap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWw

Printed & Published by A. P. Kunhamoo, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at at Geethanjali Offset Press, Feroke, CalicutEdited by A. M. Muhammed Salim. Typeset, Layout & Cover Design : Victory Creations, Calicut

D≈-S°w

45

6

bpK-i_vZw

apJ-°p-dn∏v

teJ\w

-l÷ns‚ ktµiw

lkvdØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZvAlvaZv (d)

lmP-dsb Hm¿°ptºmƒ

Hm¿®m¿Uv AlvaZv ˛ IÆq¿

hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ im¥n-bpsS ako-lmWv Rm≥

lkvdØv an¿km-Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-∑msc, i≤n-°pI

lkvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv ˛ IV (d)

AlvaZn-Iƒ°v l÷v apS-°m≥ ]mSn-√...

lkvdØv C¿^m\n

"imlnZpw aivlqZpw'

apl-ΩZv Da¿ F®v. F.

C¥ybpw ]mIn-kvXm\pw `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambn

BcmWv Ckveman-t\m-S-SpØv \n¬°p-∂-Xv.

F. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

BZw \_n (A) BZy a\p-jyt\m?

G. ]n. Ip™map

]p\-cp-÷o-h-\tam ]p\-cp-∞m-\tam

lkvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv (d)

"A-Zr-iy-Im-cy-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv ˛ IV

Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ,

hm¿Ø-Iƒ

apJ-NnXw : IAv_m

15

17

22

11

26

29

31

13

9

2 kXyZqX≥ P\p-hcn˛2004

bp-K-i_vZw

`qI-º-ßƒ

AXym-ln-X-ßsf kw_-‘n®v F\n°v Adn-bn®p X∂n- p-≈Xv CXmWv: "acWw temIØv

AXns‚ ssI\o-´pw. `qIºßƒ sImSp-a-tbmsS kw`-hn-°pw. Jnbm-a-Øns‚ amXr-I-bm-

bn-cn°pw AXn\v, `qan ASn-ta¬ adn-°-s∏-Spw. At\-I-cpsS PohnXw Zpc-¥-]q¿Æ-am-Ipw.

]›m-Ø-]n-°p-∂-hcpw ]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hnc-an-°p-∂-hcpw Btcm Ah-cn¬ ssZhw IcpW

ImWn-°pw. Cu ImesØ ]‰n Hmtcm \_nbpw ]h-Nn-®n-´p-≈-sX√mw \n›-b-ambpw

kw`-hn°pw. F∂m¬ Xß-fpsS D≈-ßƒ \n¿Ω-e-am-°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øn\v ]oXn-I-c-

amb hgn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿°v `b-s∏-Sm-\n-√. Ah¿ Zp:Jn°p-I-bp-an-√.

(A¬h-knøØv)

lkvdØv an¿km -Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v

AXn¬ (B \n›nX ka-b -

Øn¬) hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ AXn-

\mbn [rXn-Iq-´p∂p. hniz-kn-®-h-

cm-Is´ AXns\ ]‰n `b-hn-lz-e-

cm -Wv . AXv kXy -am -sW∂v

Ah¿°-dn-bmw. Adn-bpI B ka-

bsØ kw_-‘n®p X¿°n-°p-∂-

h¿ hnZqcamb am¿§-`w-i-Øn-

emWv'.(42:19)

\_n-h-N\wA_q-lpssdd (d)bn¬ \n∂p \nth-

Z\w: c≠v henb P\-hn-`m-K-ßƒ°n-

S-bn¬ Hcp tLmc-bp≤w kw`-hn-°p-

∂-Xv hsc A¥y-]-fbw kw`-hn-°n-

√. B c≠v hn`m -K -ß-fp -tSbpw

BZ¿iw H∂p-X--s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw......-Im-

ew- thKw thKw IS-∂p-t]m-Ipw,

sIme h¿≤n°pw. Ipg-∏-ßƒ s]mń-

∏p-d-s∏-Sp-Ibpw qI-º-ßƒ h¿-≤n-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv htc°pw A¥y-]-

fbw kw`-hn-°n√ (_p-Jm-cn)

3kXyZqX≥ P\p-hcn˛2004

apJ°pdn∏v

a\p-jy\v D]-Im-c-ap-≈Xv

`qan-bn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂p

Ime ]hml KXn Hcp t\¿tcJ-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. a\p-jys‚ kuI-cy-Øn-\p-th≠n

ImesØ \mw Ie-≠-dp-I-fm°n. AXns\ Bh¿Ø\ kz`m-h-ap-≈Xpw NmIn-I-hp-am°n

am‰n-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. a\pjy ico-csØ PmcW ]In-b°v hnt[-b-am°nbmWv Hcn°epw

Xncn-®p-h-cmØ Hmtcm h¿jhpw \Ωn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]mIp∂Xv. Imew Ign-bp-t¥mdpw

ac-WsØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v kab-am-]n-\n-s°m∏w a\p-jy-lr-Z-bhpw ho≠pw kv]µn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. ac-W-tØmSv IqSp-X¬ ASpØ as‰m-cp ]pXph-’-c-Øn\v th≠n.

KntKm-dn-b≥ Ie-≠-dnse ]pXp-h-’c Zn\-ap≈ P\p-hcn kXyZq-Xs‚ ]ndhn amkw

Iq-Sn-bmWv. Cu e°-tØmsS kXy-Zq-X\v 78 hb v ]q¿Ønbm-bn. 1678 emWv ae-bmf

`mj-bn¬ BZy-ambn A®Sn ]pc-≠-sX-¶nepw am∏nf ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v A®Sn hnZy IS-

∂p-h-∂Xv Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn-em-sW∂p ]d-bmw. kXy-Zq-X≥ 1925 emWv

Bcw-`n®-Xv. C_vdmlnw \_n (A) sb ]nSn-®n´ A·n-IpWvUw t]mse kXy-Zq-X\pw

AlvaZnøm ]ÿm-\-Øn\psaXnsc FXn¿∏ns‚ A·n-Ip-WvU-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p XpS-°-Øn¬

hc-th-‰-Xv. ap°m¬ \q‰m≠v Ign™p Xncn-™p t\m°p-tºmƒ hºn® ]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS

AI-º-Sn-tbmsS AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn-s\bpw kXy-Zq-X-s\bpw FXn¿Øh¿ Bcw- n®

]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ ]Xn-‰m-≠p-I-fpsS hnkvXr-Xn-bp≈ ivaim-\Øn¬ A¥y-hn-iaw

sIm≈p-∂-XmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. -]-e-Xn\pw _me-a-c-W-am-bn-cp∂p hn[n. ap°m¬ \q‰m≠v

]q¿Øn-bm-°n hmb-\-°m-cs‚ apºn¬ C∂pw FØp∂ kXy-Zq-X≥ tIc-f-Ønse ]kn-

≤o-I-cW Ncn-X-Øn¬ KWy-amb Hcp ÿm\-a-e-¶-cn-°p∂p F∂Xv A\n-tj-[y-amb kXy-

am-Wv. ssZhnI klmbw H∂p-sIm≠v amX-amWv kXy-Zq-X\v Ggc ]Xn-‰m≠v ]q¿Øn-

bm-°m≥ Ign-™Xv F∂-XmWv B kXyw. A√mlp Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-∂p." F∂m¬

\pc-bm-hs´ AXv N≠nbmbn t]mIp∂p. a\p-jy¿°v ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂Xv qan-bn¬ \ne-

\n¬°p-∂p≠v'(13:18)

"hAΩm b≥^D∂mk bwIpkp - n¬ A¿fn'

a\p-jys‚ aXIob Pohn-X-Øn\v D]-bp-‡-amb Hcp ]kn-≤o-I-cWw F∂ \ne°v

kXy-Zq-Xs‚ Zo¿Lm-bp v ssZh Iev]n-X-am-Wv F∂v Rßƒ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂p.

FXn¿∏ns‚ sImSp-¶m-‰n¬s∏ v kXy-Zq-X≥ BSn-bpe-™-t∏mgpw \√-h-cmb hmb-

\°m¿ ImemIm-e-ß-fn¬ \¬Inb t]m’m-l-\hpw kl-I-c-Whpw Hcn-°epw ad-°m≥

Ign-bm-Ø-Xm-Wv. A√mlp Ah¿°v aXn-bmb ]Xn- ew \¬Is´ F∂v amX-amWv Rß-

fpsS ]m¿∞\. XpS¿∂pw kXyZq-Xt\mSv kl-I-cn-°Ww F∂p A`y¿∞n®psIm≠v

F√m kXy-Zq-X≥ hmb-\-°m¿°pw ]pXp-h-’c˛_IoZv Biw-k-Iƒn


÷v Ckvemanse AXn-]-[m-\-

amb Hcp Bcm-[\m-I¿Ω-am-Ip-

∂p. e£-°-W-°n¬ apkvenw

Iƒ temI-Øns‚ \m\m`mK-ß-

fn¬\n-∂p-ambn l÷vthf-bn¬ ]cn-

ip≤ a°-bn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-∂p. Ah¿

hnhn-[-cm-Py-°mcpw hnhn[ cmjvS-ß-

fn¬\n-∂p-≈-hcpw hnhn-[-ß-fmb

BNm-c-k-ºZm-b-ßƒ kzoI-cn-®-

hcpw hnhn[ `mj-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°p-

∂-hcpw ]c-kv]cw Adnbs∏-Sm-Ø-

hcpw Bbn-cn-°pw. `mj--bn-ep≈

hyXym-ktam hnizm-k-]-c-amb n∂-X-

Itfm h¿Æ-h¿§-]-c-amb sshPm-Xy-

ßtfm hnNm-c-]-c-amb A¥c-ßtfm

Imem-h-ÿ-bn-ep≈ t`Z-ßsfm H∂pw

Xs∂ KWy-am-°mØ \ne-bn¬

apk¬am≥am-cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf GI-

ssZ-h-XØzw sFIy-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn´p-

s≠-∂pw, ssZh-Øns‚ Blzm-\-Øn

\v Xe-Ip-\n-®-\n-e-bn¬ F¥p XymK-

Øn\pw k∂-≤-cmbn Xßƒ Hcn-SØp

ktΩ-fn-®n-cn-°-bm-sW-∂p-atX Ah¿

AXp-ap-tJ\ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv. C]-

Imcw Xs∂ apk¬am≥am¿ Xß-

fpsS ]hr-Øn-ap-tJ\ _mly-amb

l÷v I¿Ω-Øn\p ]pdsa as‰mcp

kwKXnIqSn sXfn-bn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

AXm-b-Xv, IA_m ssZhm-e-b-

°p-∂p. apl-ΩZv apkvX-^m(-k)

FhnsS `qPm-X-\mtbm temIw apgp-

h\pw Ae-b-Sn® B i_vZw Fhn-

sS-h®p apg-°-s∏-´pthm Bbn-S-

tØ°p hnZq-c-hn-Zq-c-cm-Py-ß-fn¬

\n∂p e£-I-W-°n¬ Bfp-Iƒ

BI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. GsXm-cn-S-

Øp-\n∂p P\-ß-fpsS tZml-ßfpw

AXym-Nm-c-ßfpw \nanØw apkvenw

Iƒ°v Xß-fpsS amXrtZiw hnt´m-

tS-≠n-h-∂p-thm, GsXm-cn-SØv "em

Ceml C√-√mlv' F∂ [z\n apg-°p-

hm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-ń-√tbm AtX

a°m-\-K-cn-bn¬ P\-ßƒ Iq´w-Iq-´-

ambn ktΩ-fn-°p-Ibpw Hmtcm Bfp-

tSbpw \mhn -eqsS ""A√mlp

AIv_¿ A√mlp AIv_¿, em

Ceml C√-√mlp A√mlp

AIv_¿, A√mlp AIv_¿ hen-√m-

ln¬ lwZv'' F∂pw ""ess∫° A√m-

lpΩ ess∫°''F∂pw D≈ i_vZ-

ßƒ ]pd-s∏´p A¥-co-£-Øn¬ apJ-

cn-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp-am-dm-bn.

A√m-lp-hns‚ ap≥]n¬ k∂-≤-cm-bn-

s°m≠p Ah¿ C]-Imcw ]dbp-∂p.

""Hm Rß-fpsS c£n-Xmth, Rß-

fnXm \ns‚ ap≥]n¬ lmP-cm-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. \n\°p ]¶p-Im-c-\mbn Bcpw

Cs√∂p Rßƒ G‰p-]-d-bp-∂p.

l÷ns‚ ktµiw

lkØv an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZvAlvaZv(-d)

apkvenlvauDu-Zv, Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv c≠m-a≥

l

kvt\lhpw XymK-hpw sFIy-hp-amWv l÷ns‚ktµiw

Øns‚ ]cn-c-£bv°v th≠n Xßƒ

Pohm¿∏Ww sNøm≥ XømdmsW∂v

Xs∂. apkvenwI-fn¬ Cu kv]ncn‰p

GXp-hsc IpSn-sIm-≈ptam AXp-h-

scbpw temIØv Hcp iXp-hn∂pw

IA-_-bpsS t\sc IÆp-sh-°mt\m

apk¬am≥am-cpsS sFIysØ inYn-

e-am-°mt\m km[n-°p-∂-X-√. Fs¥

∂m¬, IA_ \ne-sIm-≈p∂ Imew-

hsc apkvenw temI-Øns‚ sF

Iyhpw \ne-\n¬°pw. temI-Øns‚

GtXXp tImWp-I-fn¬ ssZhw a\p-

jysc ]c-Øn-bn-cn -°p-∂p-sh∂p

l÷v aptJ\ temI-Øn\p ImWm≥

Ign-bp-∂p. hnP-\-amb Hcp acp- q-an-bn¬

\n∂p-b¿∂ B Ckveman-I-i-_vZw,

kz¥°m¿ Xs∂ AXp tIƒ°m≥

Iq´m-°m-Xn-cp-∂n-´pw, B i_vZw

Db¿Ønb Bƒ°v F√m-X-c-Øn-ep≈

tZml-ßfpw a¿± -\ -ßfpw

G¬t°≠n h∂n-´pw, temI-Øns‚

kI-e-tIm-Wp-I-fnepw Ae-b-Sn-°p-am-

dm-Ibpw HSp-hn¬ e£-°-W-°n\v P\-

ßƒ ktΩ-fn-°p-∂-Xn-∂n-S-bm-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚

G‰hpw al-Ømb Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-

Øn\p ZrIvkm-£n-I-fm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

AXp Ah-cpsS kXy-hn-izm-ksØ

]pXp-°n-bp-d-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-

teJ\w


Zmk-∑msc hnfn®p Iq´m\p≈ Ah-

Imiw \n\bv°v amX-ap≈-XmWv.''

Hmtcm sIm√hpw e£-°-W-°n¬

apk¬am≥am¿ ktΩ-fn-°p∂ ]cn-ip-

≤-ÿm-\-amWv a°. apl-ΩZv \_n

(k) sIm≠p-h∂ aXw C∂pw kPo-

h-am-sW∂v Ah¿ AXp-hgn km£y-

s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Ahn-SsØ Zmk-hrµw

C∂pw B i_vZsØ Db¿Øp-∂-Xn-

\mbn Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v Ckvem

ans‚ knc-I-fn¬ Poh-cIvXw C∂pw

Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂tX

l÷v temI-Øn\v \¬Ip∂

k\vtZiw. apl-ΩZv \_n (-k) tbmSp

t]a-ap≈ Bfp-Iƒ Ckveman-I-

tI\vZamb ]cn-ip≤ a°-bn¬ Hcp-an-

®p-Iq-Sp-∂p. Ckveman-t\mSpw apl-ΩZv

\_n Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hyIvXnXz-

tØmSpw Xßƒ°p≈ _‘sØ

Ah¿ AXp-hgn ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Xßƒ FX Zp¿∫-e-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw

apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS t]cn¬ A`n-am\w

sIm≈p-∂-h-cm-sW∂pw kmap-Zm-bnI

Pohn-X-Øns‚ ssNX\yw Xß-fn¬

C∂pw IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂p-s≠-∂p-amWv

Ah-c-Xp-hgn sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp-

sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv Ckvemw \a-

kv°m-c -sØbpw t\mºn-s\bpw

k°m-Øn-s\bpw t]mse l÷pw

\n¿_-‘-I¿Ω-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

a\p-jy¿ F√m-X-c-Øn-ep≈ _‘-ß-

fpw th¿s∏-SpØn lrZbw ssZh

Øn¬ eo\amt°-W-sa-∂-Xm-Wt√m

l÷v I¿ΩØns‚ Bflo-b-amb

e£yw. Cu e£yw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-

∂-Xn\p th≠n l÷v I¿Ωw hn[n-

°p-Ibpw Ign-hp-≈-h¿ Xß-fpsS

hoSpw IpSnbpw hn´p ]cn-ip-≤-a-°-

bn¬ ktΩ-fn-°-W-sa∂v Iev]n-°p-

Ibpw Aßs\ kz¥w cmPy-sØbpw

_‘p-an-Xm-Zn-I-tfbpw D‰-h-sc-bp-

sa√mw Dt]-£n-°m≥ Xøm-dm-h-W-sa

∂v Blzm\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.

\mem -bncw sIm√w ap≥]v

l:C_m-lnw(-A) sNbvX al-Ømb

Hcp XymK-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kvac-W-sb-

bmWv l÷v \ΩpsS kvarXn-X-e-Øn-

ep-b¿Øp-∂-Xv. B XymK-Øns‚ al-

Ømb ê-ßƒ \mw C∂pw I≠p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Du¿ F∂ tZiØv

\mem-bncw sIm√w ap≥]v Hcp

_nw_m-cm-[-Is‚ Krl-Øn¬ Hcp

inip ]nd-∂p. cmhpw ]Iepw hnK-l-

tkh \S-Øp-Ibpw _nw_m-cm-[-\-

bn¬ ebn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂ Hcp

P\-hn-`m-K-Øn¬ B Ipń hf¿∂p.

]Im-tim-÷z-e-amb Bflm-hns\

Dƒh-ln-®p-sIm-≠mWv B inip P∑-

sa-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-Xv. sNdp-∏-Øn¬Xs∂

_nw_-ßsf B Ipń shdp-Øn-cp-∂p.

temIØv A[¿Ωhpw hgn-]n-g-∏pw,

h¿≤n-°p-I-bpw, ssZhw Ahs‚ N -

a-\p-k-cn®v Hcp kap-≤m-c-Is\ \ntbm-

Kn°m≥ C—n-®p. Ah≥ l:C_m-

lo-an-s\-bmWv AXn-∂mbn Xnc-s™-

Sp-Ø-Xv. Ah≥ At±-lsØ Xs‚

A\p-K-l-hm-bv]n-\m¬ A`n-tjIw

sNbvXp. Ah≥ C_m-lo-ans\

hnfn®p sIm≠p ]d™p: "C_mlow!

\o t]mI. \ns‚ ]pXs\ \o _en-

bm-°pI!' C_mlow (A) AXn∂p

k∂-≤-\m-bn. hm¿≤-Iy-Im-eØv

X\nbv°v e`n® GI-]p-Xs\ B

aW¬°m-ń¬ At±lw sIm≠p-sN-

∂m-°n. AhnsS Xn∂p-hmt\m IpSn-

°p-hmt\m bmsXmcp hkvXphpw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂mWv Jp¿ B≥ ]d-

bp-∂-Xv. B]¬°-chpw `bm-\-I-hp-

amb Hcp Xmgvhmc-am-bncp∂p AXv.

ssZh-Øns‚ alXzw ]p\-:ÿm-]n-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xn∂pw ssZh-Øns‚ i_vZw

Db-cp-am-dm-Ip-∂-Xn\pw th-≠n-bmWv

C_mlnw (-A) kz]p-X-t\bpw B

]pXs‚ am-Xm-hn-s\bpw AhnsS

Dt]-£n-®-Xv. Hcp tXm¬k©n

\ndsb sh≈hpw Imc°-bpsS Hcp

s]mXnbpw am-Xsa Cu Ipńbv°pw

DΩm-bv°p-ambn \¬In-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.

Cu aW¬°m-ń¬ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS

PohnXw \bn-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p

ssZth-—. Hcp XpcpØn sh≈hpw Hcp

s]mXn Imc -°bpw FX-\m -f -

tØbv°v aXn-bm-Ip-sa∂v At±lw

Hm¿°m-Xn-cp-∂n-√. aW¬Ø-cn-Ifpw

kqcy-]-Im-i-hp-a-√msX Xs‚ ]pX-

I-f-X-ßƒ°mbn as‰m∂pw B acp-

`q -a n -bn¬ Cs√∂p C_mlow

(A)I≠p. AtXm¿Ø-t∏mƒ At±-

l-Øns‚ CS-s\©p s]mń-t∏mbn!

t\X-ß-fn¬ Pew \nd-™p. lkØv

lmPd (d) At±-l-Øns‚ _mjv]m-

hn-e-amb ZrjvSn-Ifpw hn-d-bv°p∂

Np≠p-Ifpw I≠p. CXp h√m-sØmcp

ISpwssI BsW∂p Ah¿°p

tXm∂n. Ah¿ kz`¿Øm-hns‚

]n∂mse t]mbn Fhn-sS-bmWv

Xßsf Dt]-£n-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-sX∂p

tNmZn-®p. IpSn-°m≥ sh≈-an-√.

Xn∂m≥ Blm-c-an-√.! C_m-low(-A)

adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ ian-®p-sh-¶nepw

hm°p-Iƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-√. lmPd

At∏mƒ tNmZn®p: ""Aßp ssZh-I-

ev]-\-]-Im-c-amtWm C]-Imcw sNøp-

∂Xv? AtXm kz¥w CjvS-a-\p-k-

cnt®m?' C_m-low( -A) c≠p

ssIIfpw Db¿Øn-°m-Wn-®p. Xm≥

ssZh-I-ev]-\-]-Im-c-amWv A]-Imcw

sNøp-∂-sX∂p At±lw hy‡-am-

apl-ΩZv \_n (-k)

tbmSp t]a -ap≈

Bfp-Iƒ Ckveman-I-

tI\vZamb ]cn -

ip≤ a°-bn¬ Hcp-

an-®p-Iq-Sp-∂p. a\p-

jy¿ F√m-X-c -Øn-

ep≈ _‘-ß-fpw

t h ¿ s ∏ - S p Ø n

lrZbw ssZhØn¬

eo\amt°-W-sa-∂-

Xm -Wt√m l÷v

I¿ΩØns‚ Bflo-

b-amb e£yw.


°n. AX-dn-™-t∏mƒ hnizm-kn-\nbpw

ZrV-Nn-Ø-bp-amb B Xcp-Wo-a-Wn-

bpsS as´m-∂p-am-dn. Ah¿ bph-Xn-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. GI-k-¥m-\-amWv IqsS.

Ah-cpsS apºn¬ acWw ImgvN-sh-

°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw Ah¿

DS≥Xs∂ Din -tcm -sS, DØcw

]d™p: ""Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬]ns∂

A√m-lp-Xs∂ Rßsf c£n-®p-sIm-

ffpw! Ah≥ Rßsf ssIhn-Sp-I-

bn√.''

HSp-hn¬ sh≈w Xo¿∂p. Imc-

°bpw Ah-km-\n-®p. IsÆ-Øm-hp∂

Zqc-sØm∂pw Bƒs]-cp-am-‰tam £y-

h-kvXp-°tfm Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n-

epw, Zmlw-sIm≠p s]mcn-bp∂ Xs‚

Ipń-bpsS t¢i-ßƒ Iq´m-°msX

Ah¿ Hcp Ip∂n≥]p-dØp Ib-dn-t\m-

°n. h√ a\p-jy-Po-hn-tbbpw Is≠-

Øptam? lm! Hcm-sf-sb-¶nepw I≠p-

In-ń -bm¬ Aev]w sh≈-Øn\p

tNmZn -°m-am -bn -cp∂p! F∂m¬,

FXXs∂ ian-®n´pw sh≈w e`n-°p-

∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§hpw Xpd∂p Inń-

bn-√. hyYnX NnØbpw ]cn-`m-¥-bp-

ambn Ah¿ Ip∂n-dßnhcn-Ibpw HmSn

at‰ Ip∂n-t∑¬ Ib-dn-t\m-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Ahn-sSbpw Pew Is≠-

Øn-bn-√. Cu DXvI-WvT-tbmSpw Akz-

ÿ-X-tbmSpw IqSn Ah¿ Ggp XhW

Ip∂p-Iƒ Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn. HSp-hn¬

F¥p sNtø≠p F∂-dn-bmsX Ipg-

ßn. Ah¿ ssZh-tØmSp ]m¿∞n-®p.

B kµnKv≤ L´-Øn¬ Ah¿°v

ssZhn-I-sh-fn-]m-Sp-≠mbn:""Hm lmP-

dm, \ns‚ Ipń-bv°p-th≠n A√mlp

hgn-sbm-cp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sN√q,

Ipńsb t\m°q..... . .'' lkØv

lmPd(d) Ip™ns‚ ASp-°¬

Xncn®p sN∂-t∏mƒ I≠Xv Ipń

Zmln®p ]nS-t™-SØv Hcp Pe-_p-

Zv_pZw Bbn-cp-∂p. AsXmcp Pe-[m-

c-bm-bn, Cu Pe-[m-c-X-s∂-bmWv

]n∂oSv "kwkw' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-

b-s∏-´-Xv. kt¥m-jm-[n-Iy-Øn¬

s]mgn-°p∂ Km\-Øn-∂mWv "kwkw'

F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. lmPd Xs∂-

bmWv Cu \ocp-d-hbv°v kwkw

F∂p t]cn-´-Xv. Cu ]khWw

aptJ\ Xs‚ s]mt∂m-a-\-a-I∂p

c£-In-ńb kt¥m-jm-[n-Iy-Øn¬

X\n°v B\-µ-Km\w s]mgn-°m≥

Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-bt√m! A√mlp C]-

Imcw Hcp kuI-cy-ap-≠m-°n. C\n

th≠Xp Blm-c-am-Wv. bmZr-›n-I-

ambn Hcp I®-h-S-kwLw hgn-sX‰n

lkØv lmP-dm(-d) Xma-k-ap-d-∏n®

kvYm\Øp-sh-s∂-Øn. B bmXnI

kwL-Øn\v sh≈w thW-am-bn-cp-∂p.

AhnsS Hcp \ocp-dh I≠-t∏mƒ B

kwLw AhnsS ]m¿∏p-d-∏n-°m≥

C—n-°p-I-bpw, lmP-dm-tbmSp Ah-

cpsS ]P-I -fmbn Xma -kn®p

sIm≈m≥ Xß-sf-b-\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa-∂-

t]-£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. lkØv

lmP-d(-d) Ah¿°-\p-hmZw \¬Ip-

Ibpw Ah-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw ]P-I-fmbn

Ah-c-hnsS ]m¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Cßs\ bphm-hm-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºm-bn-

Øs∂ A√mlp lkØv Ckvam-bo-

ens\ cmPm-hm°n!

C∂pw l÷v thf-bn¬ lkØv

lmP-d-bpsS Cu kw`hw kvacn-®p-

sIm-≠mWv lmPn-am¿ k^m-bp-

sSbpw a¿hm-bp-tSbpw CS-bn¬ 7

XhW HmSp-∂-Xv. Xßƒ lmPd (d)-

bpsS Ime-Sn-∏m-Sp-Isf XpS-cp-∂-Xm-

sW-∂mWv Cu Hm´w aptJ\ Ah¿

G‰p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿§-

Øn¬ Ft∏m-gm-Inepw Xß-fpsS D‰-

h-tcbpw DS-b-h-tcbpw Dt]-£n-t°-

≠n -h -cn -I -bm -sW-¶n¬ Xßƒ

AXn∂p ssha-\kyw ImWn-°p-∂-X-

s√-∂mWv Cu Hm´w-ap-tJ\ Ah¿

]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, l÷v Ckveman¬

hn[n-bv°-s∏- n- p≈ AXn-]-[m-\-amb

Hcp Bcm-[-\m-I¿Ω-am-Ip-∂p. A√m-

lp-hn-∂p-th≠n PohnXw _en-I-gn-°p-

∂-h¿ Fs∂∂pw Pohn-°p-am-dm-Ip-∂-

sX-ßns\ F∂p≈ Cu NnXw a°m-

bn¬ sN∂v l÷v A\p-jvTn-°p∂

Hmtcm Bfp-sSbpw Iäp-ºn¬ ]Xy-

£-s∏-Sp-∂p.

l÷v aptJ\ apk¬am-∑m¿°nS-

bn¬ Hcp tIµ-t_m[w P∑-sa-Sp-°p-

∂p. Xß-fp-sSbpw _mly-tem-I-Øn-

s‚bpw Bh-iy-ß-sf-°p-dn®p Nn¥n-

°p-hm≥ Ah¿°-Xp-hgn Ah-kcw

kn≤n-°p-∂p. At\ym\yw Adn-b-s∏-

Sm\pw ]c-kv]cw \∑-Iƒ kzoI-cn-

°m\pw AXp kµ¿`-ßƒ krjvSn-

°p-∂p. AXp-hgn kmtlm-Z-cyhpw

kvt\lhpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-am-dm-Ip-∂p.

kmº-Øn-I-amb kuI-cy-ßƒ D≠m-

bn-cn-°p-Ibpw bmX-sN-øm≥ Ign-bp-

amdv imco-cnI tijn kn≤n-®n-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbv-Xn- p≈ Hmtcm apkvenapw

Ckvemans‚ AXn-]-[m -\-amb

I¿Ωw A\p-jvTn -°m≥ _m≤y-

ÿ\mWv. C°m-eØv [\m-Vysc

kw_-‘n-t®S-tØmfw G‰hpw

henb Hcp k¬Ir-Xy-amWv l÷v

F∂mWv Rm≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv.

˛X- vko¿ I_o¿

l÷v aptJ\ apk¬am-

∑m¿°nS -bn¬ Hcp

tIµ-t_m[w P∑-sa-Sp-

°p-∂p. Xß-fp-sSbpw

_ m l y - t e m - I - Ø n -

s‚bpw Bh-iy-ß-sf-

°p-dn®p Nn¥n-°p-hm≥

Ah¿°-Xp-hgn Ah-

kcw kn≤n -°p -∂p.

At\ym\yw Adn-b-s∏-

Sm\pw ]c-kv]cw \∑-

Iƒ kzoI-cn -°m\pw

AXp kµ¿`-ßƒ

krjvSn-°p-∂p. AXp-

hgn kmtlm-Z -cyhpw

kvt\lhpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-

am-dm-Ip-∂p.n


K kpc- n-e-amb Pohn-X-ß-fpsS

tImcn-Ø-cn-∏n-°p∂ A\-iz-c-

kva-c-W-IfmWv ""Zp¬l÷v''

\Ωn¬ DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. Bfl-k-a¿∏-

W-Øns‚ XymK-[-\y-amb hoYn-I-fn-

eqsS -\-S-∂p-\o-ßnb ssZhm-\p-cm-Kn-

bmb Hcp I¿Ω-tbm-Kn-bpsS hnImc

hnPw- n-X-amb ]›m-Øew Hcp hi-

Øv, alm-]-hm-N-I≥ kz]v\w I≠

hwi-]m-c-º-cy-Øns‚ ss\c-¥cyw

X∂n¬ A¶p-cn-°m-Xncp-∂-t∏mƒ

`¿Ømhv lmP-d-bn-eqsSsb¶nepw Hcp

]nXm-hm-bn-t°m-s´-sb-∂-˛-N-cn-X-

Øns‚ \ntbm-K-ta-s‰-Sp-°m≥ lmP-

dsb A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ kmd. Hcn-°epw

AkvX-an-°m≥ ]mSn-√mØ kwkvIm-

c-Øns‚ tim` Fß-s\-bmWv ]k-

cn-t°-≠-sX∂v _en°v k∂-≤-\m-Ip-

∂-Xn-eqsS temIsØ ImWn-°p∂

Ckvam-Cu¬. hymJym-\-ßƒ°v hg-

ßmØ thZ-\-bpsS Ah-ÿm-¥-c-ß-

fn-epw, XnI™ Ic-fp-d-t∏m-Spw, ka-

Nn-Ø-X-tbm-Spw, Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmSpw

IqSn kml-N-cysØ t\cn-Sp∂ lmP-

d.........-A-√m-lp-hns‚ ]oXn-°mbn

]nb-s∏- -sX¥pw XyPn-°p-I, Xulo-

Zns‚ kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn ASn-]-X-

dmsX s]mcp-Xp-I, A·n ]co-£-W-

ßsf AXn-Po-hn-°p-hm≥ ISpØ

XymK-Øn\v k∂-≤-cm-hpI XpS-ßnb

ktµ-i-ß-fmWv Ch-cpsS Pohn-Xm-\p-

`-h-ß-fn-eqsS \ap°v Ic-K-X-am-hp-

∂Xv.

Pohn-X-sØ-bpw, hy‡n-Xz-sØbpw

ssZth-O-bpsS aqi-bn¬ hm¿°m-\p-

d®v B am¿§-Øn¬ k¿∆-Xym-K-ßfpw

kln®v apt∂-dp-∂-h¿°mWv"hnPbw'

hcn-°m-\m-hp-∂-Xv. Ncn-Xm-XoX Imew

sXmt´ ]hn-X-hpw, hnip-≤-hp-amb

bmX\ A\p-`-hn-®-h-tcmSv amXsa

\ap°v aXn∏v tXm∂n-bn-´p-≈q. Pohn-

X-Øns‚ ùXnI ho£-W-Øn¬

F√mw \jvS-s∏-´-h-cmWv alm-flm-

°ƒ. ]s£ \mahsc ]Io¿Øn°p-

∂p. BZ-cn-°p-∂p. ITn-\-amb ]co-£-

W-ßƒ°pw, Xoh-amb hnj-a -

ßƒ°pw tijta hnP-b-Øns‚ hgn-

Xp-d°q F∂mWv NcnXw \sΩ ]Tn-

∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ]co-£-W-Øns‚ XohX

D®-tIm-Sn-bn-se-Øp-tºm-gmWv Znhy-k-

lm-b-Øns‚ Bcw- -ap-≠m-hp-I. ZrV-

\n-›-bsØ Nne-t∏mƒ A√mlp

]co-£n-t®-°mw. Cu hkvXp-X-bn-

te°v a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ ]mam-

WnI tcJ-bmb Jp¿-B≥ \¬Ip∂

hni-Zo-I-cWw i≤n-°p-I. ""\ΩpsS

Imcy-Øn¬ ]cn-i-an-°p-∂-h-cmtcm

Ahsc Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw \ΩpsS

am¿§-ß-fn¬ \bn -°p -∂-Xm-Wv.

A√mlp \n›-b-ambpw kZvhrØ-

cpsS IqsS-bm-Ip-∂p.'' (A¬-A≥I-

_qØv 70)

`qX-Im-e-Øns‚ Ccp-f-d-I-fn-te°v

\sΩ \bn-°p∂ hgn-hn-f-°p-I-fmWv

NcnXkm£y-ßƒ. Ncn-X-km-£y-

ßƒ ]n≥X-e-apd kzoI-cn-°-W-sa-

¶n¬ Ah hniz-kvX-hpw, XymK-]q¿Æ-

hpw, kXy-k-‘-hp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

apkveow DW¿∆ns‚ Ncn-X-Øn\v Ne-

\m-fl-IX ]I-cp-I-bpw, am\p-jn-I-

Øn\v apgp-h-\mbn hgn-sh-fn®w hnX-

dp-Ibpw sNbvX sXfn-\o-cp-d-h-bmWv

lmP-dm-_o-hn-bpsS Pohn-Xw. Ahƒ

kln-t°-≠n-h∂ ]co-£-W-ßƒ KX-

Im-e-i-X-I-ß-fpsS Zp:Jkvar-Xn-bn¬

C∂pw IÆp\o-cns‚ \\-thmsS ]®

]nSn®p \n¬°p-∂p. lmPd A\p-`-

hn® XymKw Ncn-X-Øn-epw, `mh-\-

bnepw amXr-I-bn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. NcnXw

I≠ F‰hpw henb hnπ-h-Im-cn-bpw,

A√m-lp-hns‚ CjvS tXmg-\p-amb

lkØv C_m-lnan (A)s‚ mcym-

]Zw Ae-¶-cn-°p-hm-\p≈ bmsXmcp

tbmKy-Xbpw X\n-°n-s√∂v B^n-°-

bnse GtXm-]y-°m-cn-bmb Ah¿°-

dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-a-i-‡-\mb

A√mlp Xs‚ AkwJyw krjvSn-

I-fn¬ \n∂v Hcp kvXosb, kvXoI-

fn¬ sh®v Hc-Sn-a-sb, ASn-a-I-fn¬ h®v

Hcp IdpØ Zmknsb Xnc-s™-Sp-

lmP-dsb Hm¿°p-tºmƒ...

Hm¿®m¿Uv AlvaZv ˛I-Æq¿

Xym

ssZh-Øns‚ GIXzw ÿm]n-°m≥ th≠n-bp≈

A·n]co-£-Wßƒ°v apºn¬ AN-©e NnØ-bmbn \n∂ Hcp

[¿Ω]Xv\n-bpsS IY.

teJ\w


Øp. ssZh-Øns‚ Nne I¿Ω-ßƒ

°v ]n∂n-ep≈ bp‡n a\p-jys‚

_p≤n-°pw, Nn¥°pw Dƒs°m-≈m≥

Ign-b-W-sa-∂n-√. AZr-iy-⁄m\w

A√mlp A√mØ a‰m¿°p-an-s√∂v

Jp¿-B≥ sXfn-bn-°p∂p: ""A√mlp

A√msX BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-

ep≈hcmcpw AZriyw Adn-bp-∂n√''

(A∂wev 66) krjvSm-sh-∂-t]mse

]cn-Nm-c-I≥ IqSn-bmWv A√m-lp.

Imcy-ß-fpsS AIhpw ]pdhpw icn-

bmbn Adn-bp-∂-h≥ A√mlp amX-

am-Wv. ""A√mlp Xs‚ Imcyw \S-

ØpI Xs∂ sNøpw A[nI P\-

ßfpw ]s£ AXv a\- n-em-°p-

∂n√'' F√mw kv]jvS-amb Hcp KŸ-

Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≠v'' (lqZv7)

Hcmƒ°pw Pohn-X-Øns‚ mhn-sb-

¥m-sW∂v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bn-√. a\p-

jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ A¿∞-sa-¥mWv?

a\p-jys‚ BXy-¥n-I-amb hn[n

F¥mWv? Cu tNmZy-ßƒ°v DØcw

At\z-jn®p sIm≠p≈ At\z-j-W-

ßƒ \sΩ sIms≠-Øn-°p-∂Xv

"hnizmk'ßfn-te-°m-Wv. A√m-lp-hn-

ep≈ hnizm-kw, Ahs‚ F√m

B⁄m-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw A\p-k-cn-°p-

hm-\p≈ k∂-≤X Ch-bm-bn-cp∂p

C_mlnw \_n-bp-sSbpw lmPdm

_ohn-bp-sS-bpw, Ckvam-Cu¬ \_n-

bpsSbpw apJ-ap-Z. hnizm-k-Øns‚

am‰p-c® ssZho-I-]-co-£-W-am-bn-cp∂p

Ch-cp-sS-sbms° Pohn-Xw. C_mlnw

\_n(A)lm-P-d-sb-bpw, Ckvam-Cu-

en-s\bpw acp-`q-an-bn¬ Dt]-£n®p

t]mIp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS ssIbn-ep-

≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Imc-°-bp-sS-bpw, sh≈-

Øn-s‚bpw c≠v sNdnb tXm¬]m-X-

ßƒ amXw. \n¿÷-e-hpw, Irjn-c-ln-

Xhpw P\-hm-k-Øns‚ AS-bmfw

t]mep-an -√mØ Duj-c-`q -an -bn¬

Xs∂bpw aI-s\bpw X\n-®m°n

t]mIp-tºmƒ Ah¿ B alm-]-hm-

N-I-t\mSv tNmZn®p:

""Rßsf B¿t°-ev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-

ØmWv Aßv t]mIp-∂Xv''?

""A√m-lp-hns\''F∂m-bn-cp∂p

C_m-lnw(-A)s‚ adp-]-Sn.

CXp-tI´ Ah¿ ]Xn-I-cn®p:

""Rm≥ A√m-lp-hn¬ Xr]vX-bm-bn-cn-

°p∂p'' (_p-Jm-cn)

X\n°v kw`-hn -°p-∂-sX¥pw

ssZh -ln -X -a -\p -k -c n -®m -sW∂

hnizmkw GXv ]Xn-k-‘n-tbbpw

t\cn-Sm≥ hnizm-knsb ]m]vX-\m-°p-

∂p. ssZh-hn-izmkw a\pjys\ [oc-

\pw, ZrV-Nn-Ø-\p-am-°p-∂p. a\p-jy-

Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Zni \n¿Æ-bn-°p∂

][m\ LSIw Ahs‚ hnizm-k-am-

Wv. euInI Pohn-X-Øn¬ \nXm¥

PmK-X-bmWv hnizmkw \ap°v

Iev]n®p Xcp∂-Xv. k¶p-NnX hy‡n-

XzsØ ]]-©-Øns‚ Gsd-°psd

F√m ssNX-\y-hp-apƒs°m-≈p∂

hy‡n-Xz-ambn hnI-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥

hnizm-k-Øn-eqsS a\p-jy\v Ign-

bp∂p.

hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb Hcp Ncn-Xm-t\z-

j-Is‚ ]Z-hn-bn¬ \n∂pw t\m°p-

tºmƒ Ckvlm-Jns‚ ]nd-hn-°p-

tijw kmd-bpsS a\w amdp-∂-Xm-

bpw, C_m-ln-ans‚ IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-

Øn¬ Akzm-c-ky-ßƒ ]Xy-£-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xmbpw \nßƒ°v ImWm≥

]‰pw. kmd-bpsS apdp -ap -dp -∏pw,

C_mlnw \_n-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn-ep-

≠mb Xmf-∏n-g-I-fp-amWv lmP-d-sb-

bpw, Ip™n-s\bpw hnP\-amb acp-

`q-an-bn¬ Dt]-£n-°p-hm≥ CSh-cp-Øn-

b-sX∂v ]Xy-£-Øn¬ B¿°pw

tXm∂mw.

F∂m¬ AXn -\p -]n -∂n -ep≈

clkyw Adn-bm-hp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hn\v

amX-am-Wv. Ncn-X-Øn¬ Xpey-X-bn-

√mØ lmP-d-bpsS au\-ßƒ°v

Bgn-tb-°mƒ Bg-ap-≠v. _p≤n-bpsS

hymJym-\-ti-jn-°-Xo-X-amWv Ah-

cpsS Pohn-Xm-\p- -h-ßƒ. GIm-¥- o-

I-c-amb acp- q-an-bn¬ ape-Ip-Sn-am-dmØ

ss]X-en-t\m-sSm∏w Hcp amXmhv X\n-

®m-hp-I. ssIbn¬ CØncn sh≈-

hpw, Imc-°bpw amXw, Np‰p-]m-SmsI

A]-I-S-I-c-amb kml-Ncyw. Ah-

fpsS Dƒt]-cW hnIm-c-\n¿ -c-am-Wv.

\ne-\n¬∏n-\m-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah-fpsS

IpSpw-_-Øns‚ AkvXn-Xz-amWv A]-

I-S-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. k¿∆-\n-e-

bnepw k¶o-¿Æamb Hc-h-ÿ-bn¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ kIe Xocp-am-\-ß-

fnepw kwXr-]vXn-b-S-bp-I. A‰w

ImWmØ acp- q-an-bn¬ H‰-s∏- p-t]mb

lmPd s\©n-te-‰nb ip`m-]vXn-bpsS

Hcw-i-sa-¶nepw \Ωn-ep-≠m-sb-¶n¬!

\mgn-I-Iƒ \oßn......-lm-P-d-bpsS

Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ tXm¬k©n-bnse

]m\-Pew Xo¿∂p. Ah-iX ImcWw

Ah-cpsS kvX\-ßƒ ]m¬Np-c-Øm-

Xm-bn. CkvamCu¬ sXm≠ hc-≠p-

I-c-bp-I-bm-Wv. Zmln®hi-bmb

kz¥w ss]X-ens‚ tXßn-I-c-®n¬

FX-k-abw kln-°m≥ Hcp amXm-

hn\v Ignbpw? lmPd Np‰p-]mSpw

t\m°n; hnP-\-amb \ni-_vZX amXw!

Aß-Ise c≠v sIm®p-Ip-∂p-Iƒ.

lmPd Ip∂ns\ e£yw h®p-sIm≠v

HmSn. Ip∂n-\p-ap-I-fn¬ Ibdn Bi-

tbmsS AI-e-ß-fn-te°v ZrjvSn

]mbn-®p. ew \ncm-i-bpw, thZ\bpw

amXw. lmPd B Ip∂n¬ \n∂n-dßn

at‰ Ip∂n¬I-b-dn, Ahn-sSbpw H∂pw

ImWm-\n-√. ]ns∂bpw BZysØ

Ip∂n-te-°v..........-A-h-c-ßns\ thh-em-

Xn-tbmsS Atßm-´pw, Ctßm´pw

HmSp-Ibpw Ip∂p-Iƒ Ib-dn-bn-d-ßp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. CS-bvs°m-cn-°¬

Ip™n-te°v Xncn™ lmPd BsI

AXn-i-b-s∏- p. Zml-P-e-Øn-\mbn Ic-

bp-tºmƒ Ckvam-Cu¬ Imen-´-Sn-t®-

SØv \ocp-d-h..........-Hcp Ip™n-s‚bpw

DΩ-bp-sSbpw Zml-i-a\w amX-

amtWm kwkw? lmP-dm-_o-hn-bpsS

ssZh- -‡n-bpsS \n¿hr-Xn-Iq-Sn-bt√

AXv. Zmlm¿Ø-\mbn Ic™ Cfw

ss]X¬ Ckvam-Cu-ens‚ ]mW-c-

£m¿∞w Hcn‰p Pe-Øn-\mbn kz^m-

˛-a¿h-aeIƒ°n-S-bn¬ s\t´m´-tam-

Snb lmP-d-bpsS XymK-Øns‚ kvac-

W-°mbn C∂v et£m-]-e£w ‡¿

kz^m-˛-a¿hIƒ°n-S-bn¬ HmSp-∂p.

\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]n∂n´ kvt\l-Øns‚

kvamc-I-ambn B Pew 4000Øne-

(-tijw 12 ˛mw t]Pn¬)


°m-eØv Aapkvenw -c-Wm-[n-

]-∑m¿ C…m-ans‚ Imcy-Øn¬

CS-s]-Sp-∂n√ F∂Xp ]Xy

£-am-Wv. Ckvem-ans‚ A\p-jvTm-\-

I¿Ω-ßsf Ah¿ \ntcm-[n-®n-ń-√.

]pXp-ap-kvenw-Isf Ah¿ sIm∂p-I-

f-bp-∂n-√. Ahsc Xpd-¶n-e-S®p t`Zyw

sNøp-∂n-√. Aß-s\-bn-cns° Ah¿

s°-Xnsc Ckvem-ans‚ hmƒ F¥n\p

Npg-‰-s∏-SWw? aX-Im-cy-Øn¬ _e-

]-tbm-KsØ C…mw Hcn-°epw A\p-

Iq-en-®n- n-√. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\pw lZo-

kp-Ifpw Ncn-X-tc-J-Ifpw kq£va-

ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bpw, Ign-bp-t∂-

S-tØmfw i≤m-]q¿∆w ]Tn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvI-bm-sW-¶n¬, aX-[¿Ωw ]c-

Øm-\mbn C…mw hmƒ Npg-‰n-sb∂

Btcm-]Ww XnI®pw ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-

X-am-sW∂p a\- n-em-°m≥ ]bm-k-

ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. Jp¿-B\pw lZo-kp-

Ifpw hnizm-ky-ß-fmb C…m-anINcn-

X-tc-J-Ifpw \njv ]-£-ambn ]Tn-®n-

ń-√m-Ø-h-cmWv CØcw Btcm-]-W-

ßƒ D∂-bn-®n- p-f-f-Xp. Ah¿ ]®-°-

≈-ßƒ tXm∂n-b-t]mse Iqń-°-

e¿Øn-s°m≠p sX‰mb Btcm-]-W-

ßƒ sXmSp-Øp-hn-´p. F∂m¬, Cu

Btcm-]-W-ß-fn¬ kXy-apt≠m F∂-

hmKvZm\w sN-ø-s∏´ im¥n-bpsSako-lmWv Rm≥lkvdØv an¿km-Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

dn-bm≥ BXvam¿XvYambn BK-ln-°p-

∂-h-cpsS Zmlhpw hni∏pw AI-‰m-

\p≈ ka-b-a-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂p F∂p

F\n-bv°-dn-bmw. Jp¿-B≥ F∂ hnip-

≤-K\vYw "em CIv dml n±o≥' ""aX-

Øn¬ _em¬°m-can√''˛ AXm-bXp,

aX-Øn¬ ]th-in-°p∂ ImcyØn¬

bmsXmcp _e-]-tbm-Khpw ]mSn-√-˛-

F∂p i‡-amb am¿§-\n¿t±iw

\¬In-bn-cn-s°, B C…mw aX-[¿Ω-

sØ-∏‰n _e-]-tbm--K-Øn s‚ aX-

sa∂p ]d-bmtam? ]cn-ip≤ a°m-bn¬

]Xn-aq-∂p-sIm-√-°mew Xn∑sb Xn∑-

sIm≠p t\cn-S-cp-sX ∂pw £abpw

kl-\hpw ssI-s°m-≈-W-sa∂pw

Xs‚ kJm-°-tfmSpw kvt\ln-X-

tcmSpw cmhpw ]I-ep-ambn D]-tZ-

in®psIm≠n -cp -∂n -´p≈ Hcp

hµymXvamhns‚ t]cn¬ _e-]-

tbmKw \S-Øn-b-Xm-bp≈ Btcm-]

Ww D∂-bn-°m-hp-∂-sX-ßs\? F∂m

¬, iXp-°-fpsS AXym-Nm-c-ßƒ

AXn-cp-I-S-∂-t∏mƒ C…mw-[¿asØ

thtcmsS \in-∏n-°m-\mbn kI-e-

iIvXnIfpw H∂n-®p-tN¿∂p ian-®-

t∏mƒ, "hmfp-b¿Øn-b-h≥ hmfm¬

\in-°Ww' F∂ \n¿_\v[Øn¬

ssZh-Øns‚ A`n-am-\-t_m[w Xnf-

®p-a-dn-bp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Jp¿-B≥

Hcn-°epw _e-]-tbm-K-Øns‚ ]mTw

\¬In-bn-ń-√. _e-]--tbm-K-Øns‚

]mTw \¬In-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ \ΩpsS

\_n-\m-b-I¿ (-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS

Xncp-k-Jm-°ƒ ]co-£m-L-´-ß-fn¬

BXvam¿XvYXbp≈ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-

sf-t∏mse B¿÷hw ImWn-°m≥

]m]vX-cm-bn-Øo-cp-am-bn-cp -∂n-√.

\ΩpsS \_n-\m-b-I¿(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-

bp -sSbpw klm--_m-°-fp -sSbpw

BXvam¿XvYX ChnsS FSp-Øp-]-d-

tb-≠-Xm-bpt≠m? Ah-cpsS kXy-

k\v[X-bp-sSbpw BXvam¿XvYX-bp-

sSbpw amXr-I-Iƒ as‰mcp kap-Zm-b-

Ønepw XpeyX ImWm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-

X-c-Øn-ep-≈-X-sX. JUvK-ßƒ°v

Iognepw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS BXvam¿

XvYXbpw kXy-k\v[Xbpw ssI

sbm-gn-®n-√. kpZo-]vX-amb lrZ-b-

Øn¬ \n∂pw a\- n¬ \n∂pw am-X-

a-√msX ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-am-dn-√mØ

kXy-k\v[Xbpw BXvam¿XvYXbpw

Ah¿ ]cn-ip-≤-\-_n-bpsS km∂n--≤y-

Øn¬ ]Z¿in-∏n-®p. Npcp-°-Øn¬,

C…m-an¬ _e-]-tbm-K-Øn∂p Hcp

kvYm\-hp-an-√.

aq∂pXc-Øn-ep-≈ bp≤-Øn\v

Ckvemw aX-Øn¬ _em¬°m-ctam _e-]-tbm-Ktam C√.

apl-Ω-Zv\-_n(-k) bpsS A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ°v FXncm-WXv.

kmbp-[-\mb Hcp aX ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hn-ep≈

Cu hnizm-kw CkvemanI hncp-≤-hp-am-Wv.

C

teJ\w


amXsa C…mw A\p-hmZw \evIp

∂p≈q:

1. ]Xn-tcm-[-]cw ˛ F∂p-h-®m¬,

BXvac-£bv°p th≠n-bp≈ bp≤w.

2. ]Xn-In-bm-]cw ˛ F∂p-h-®m¬,

tNmc°v tNmc F∂ \ne-bn¬ in£m-

cq-]-Øn-ep≈ bp≤w.

3. ]tam-N-\-]-cw ˛ F∂p-h-®m¬,

C…m-ans\ Bt«-jn-°p-∂-hsc \nK-

ln-°p∂ oI-c-a¿±-I- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-

fn¬\n∂p tamN\w ]m]n-°m-\p≈

kzmX-¥y-k-a-cw.

Bsc-sb-¶nepw _ew]tbm-Kn®pw

sIm√p-sa∂v òj-Wn-s∏-Sp-Ønbpw

am¿Kw-Iq-´m-\p≈ \n¿t±iwXs∂

(-10 mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

[nIw h¿j-ß-fmbn C∂pw Zmlm¿

Ø-cpsS Zml-a-I-‰n-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

A√m-lp-hns‚ Nn”-ß-fn¬s]´Xv

F∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv

lmPd HmSn-°-b-dnb kz^m-bpw, a¿h-

bp -am -Wv. "kAvbv'eqsS lmPd

]p\¿÷-\n-°p-I-bm-Wv. lmP-d-bpsS

al-Ømb Ncn-X-kvar-Xn-Iƒ ssZh-

\n-›-b-a-\p-k-cn®v C∂pw \mw Ab-

hn-d-°p-∂p.

l÷ns‚ ImX¬ kvt\l-am-Wv.

kvt\lw Imc-W-amWv ]nbX-c-amb

kI-e-kw-K-Xn-Ifpw ssZh-am¿§-

Øn¬ ka¿∏n-°p-hm\p≈ k∂-≤X

C_m-lnan(A)ep≠m-b-Xv. a\p-jys\

ssZh-hp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈

][m-\-L-SIw krjvSm-hn-t\m-Sp≈

kvt\l-am -Wv. a\p -jy¿°-\p -` -

hn°mhp∂ G‰hpw D∂-X-amb A\p-

`q-Xn-bm-W-Xv. _mly-t]-c-W-I-fpsS

ùXn-I-amb ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn\v Hcp

]m[m-\yhpw \¬Im-sX, hnizm-k-Øn-

e-[n-jvTn-X-amb B¥-cn-I-t]-c-W-

Iƒ°v ]m[m\yw \¬In-s°m≠v

[m¿ΩnI \nb-a -ß-f -\p -k-cn® v

]h¿Øn-°p-hm-\p≈ hnIm-c-ßƒ a\p-

jy-cn¬ kzbw kwPm-X-am-°p-hm-\p≈

Z¿i-\-ß-fmWv C_mlnw \_n

\ap°v ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂-Xv. _p≤n-]-c-

amb ta[m-hnXzw Ic-ÿ-am-°n-b-h-

cpsS Z¿i-\-ß-fpw, kn≤m-¥-ß-fpw,

XXz-ßfpw \sΩ-t]m-ep≈ km[m-c-

W-°msc BI¿jn-°p-∂p. XpS¿∂v

hy‡n Ahs‚ Nn¥bv°v in£Ww

\¬Ip-Ibpw Ah kzPo-hn-X-Øn¬

km£m-XvI-cn-°m-\p-X-Ip∂ hn[-

Øn¬ ]mtbm-Kn-I-h-XvI-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-ºm-gmWv ip≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚

XpS°w Ipdn-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xv.

a\p-jys‚ alXzw IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂Xv

Xs∂ Ahs‚ Nn¥-bn-emWv. hnti-

j-_p-≤n-sb∂ al-Ømb A\p-Klw

\¬In-bmWv A√mlp a\p-jys\

BZ-cn-®-Xv. _p≤n D]-tbm-Kn®p Nn¥n-

°p∂ a\p-jy\v B¿°pw h¿Æn-°m-

\m-hmØ Xs‚ kjvSm-hn-s\- -A-√m-

lp-hn-s\-˛-I-s≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp-∂p.

Pohn -X -Øns‚ kXy-k-‘-amb

km£m-XvImcw km[y-am-I-W-sa-¶n¬

\mw kjvSm-hns‚ Iev]-\bv°p

apºn¬ hnt[-b-s]t´ aXn-bm-Iq.

shSn-™p-sIm≠v t\SpI F∂-

XmWv BZ¿i-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ am\-Z-

WvUw. a‰m¿°pw sNøm≥ km[n-

°mØ Imcyw sNøp-∂√ XymKw.

shSn-bm-\p≈ Xmev]-cy-amWv XymKw

sIm≠p-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv. C_mlnw

\_n-bp-sS-bpw, lmP-dm-_o-hn-bp-sS-

bpw, Ckvam-Cu¬ \_n-bp-sSbpw

hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ D÷z-e- m-h-ß-fn¬

anI®p \n¬°p-∂Xv Bcm-[n-°-s∏-

Sp∂ "iIvXn'bnte°v Bcm-[n-°p∂

a\- ns‚ AXp-ey-amb ka¿∏-W-am-

Wv. XymK-\n-c-X-amb Pohn-X-Øn\v

\sΩ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Ch-cpsS

A\p-`-h-ßƒ. Pohn-X-Øn¬ kzbw

A\p- -hn-∏n-°p∂ XymKw Xs‚ Pohn-

X-sØ-Øs∂ alXvhcn-°p-sa∂

t_m[w a\p-jys\ IqSp-X¬ XymK

k∂-≤-\m-Im≥ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

]s£ bmYm¿∞ysØ ap∂n¬

ImWp-I-bpw, ]bm-k-ßƒ t\cn- -\p-

-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbp-tºmƒ Akz-ÿ-

cpw, ]cm-Pn-X-cp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-h-cmWv

a\p-jy-cn-te-sd-bpw. Hcp L´-Øn¬

òXn-sb-bpw, Bi-¶-sbbpw \ymbo-

I-cn-®n-cp∂ Imc-W-ß-sfm∂pw Xs∂

as‰mcp L´-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-

s√∂v Ipd-s®m-∂m-tem-Nn-®m¬Ø

s∂ \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ ]‰pw.

\_n(k) hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p: ""A√m

lp hn[n-®-Xn¬ kwXr-]vXn-sIm-≈p-

I-bmWv a\p-jy- ku`m-Kyw. A√m-lp-

hn-t\mSv \∑ tXSp∂ a\ v \jvS-

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv a\p-jys‚ Zu¿`m-

Kyw. ssZhw X\n°v hn[n-®-Xn¬

Ip≤-\mbn Pohn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jys‚

\n¿`m-Ky-am-Ip∂p''(Xn¿an-Zn)

C…m-an¬ C√mØ \ne°v cIvZmln

alvZn-bp-sSbpw cIvXZmln a-ko-ln-

s‚bpw Bhn¿`m-hsØ°pdn-®p≈

]Xo£ \nc¿XvYI-am-sW∂p hyIvX

am-W-s√m. Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]-\-

ßƒ°v hn]-co-X-ambn P\-ßsf

apkvenw-I-fm-°m≥ hmfp-]-tbm-Kn-

°p∂ Hcmƒ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂Xv

Hcn-°epw kw -hy-a-√. CXv a\- n-em-

°m≥ ]bm-k-ap≈ Imcytam a\p-

jys‚ [mc-Wm-iIvXn°-Xo-X-am-bn-

´p≈ ]iv\tam A√. kzm¿XvY

Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ Imc-Ww, hnUvVn-Iƒ

Hcp-]s£ Aß-s\-sb√mw hniz-kn-

s®-∂p-h-cmw, alvZn -C-amw-bp≤w

sNbvXp Xßƒ°p hln-°m≥ Ign-

bm-ØbX apX-ep-Iƒ t\Sn-s°m-Sp-

°p-sa-∂mhpw Cu aue-hn-am¿ ]pe¿

Øn-t∏m-cp∂ [mcW! C°m-esØ

aue-hn-am-sc√mw hfsc Zcn-Z-cm-

Wt√m! Ah-sc√mw alvZn-C-am-ans‚

hchpw ImØn-cn-∏mWv! Xß-fpsS

kzm¿XvY]-c-amb BK-l-ß-sf√mw

alvZn shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-tXmsS \nd-th-‰-

s∏-Sp-sa∂ hnNm-c-Øn¬ ]mh-ßƒ

cmhpw ]Iepw X≈n-\o-°p-∂p. BI-

bm¬, CØ-c-samcp alvZn-bn¬ hnizm-

kw-sIm-≈mØ Bƒs°-Xnsc Ah¿

AWn-\n-c-°p-∂-Xn¬ A¬`p-X-an-√.

AØ-c-sam-cmsf Ah¿ Im^n-sd∂p

apZ-IpØn C…m-an-I-hr-Ø-Øn¬


n


lvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-

Øns‚ Xe-h≥ F∂ \ne°v

Rm≥ Fs‚ Ffnb D]-tZiw

F√m apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcm-Sp-

ambn ChnsS A-dn-bn-°pI-bm-Wv. R

ßsf \nßƒ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmbn

IW-°m-°p∂pthm C√tbm F∂-

Imcyw Rm≥ ]iv\-am-°p-∂n-√. apl-

ΩZv apkvX-^m (-k)bpsS DΩØv

XJvh bpsS am¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw

AWp-InS hyXn-N-en-°-cp-Xv. ImcWw

Ah¿ AXn-`-bm-\-I-amb A]I-S-

ßsf A`n-ap -Jo-I-cn -°p-I-bm-Wv.

CkvemanI temIsØ FXn¿°p∂

i‡n-I-ƒ \nß-fpsS \n m-c-amb

B`y-¥c ]iv\-ß-fn¬ hsc \pg-™p-

I-b-dm≥ X°w ]m¿Øn-cn-°pIbm-Wv.

Hcp Zo¿L-Im-ew ]mgm-bn-t∏m-bn. Ah-

cpsS ssIøn¬ \nßƒ i‡n-lo-

\cpw \n -lm-b-cp-amb Cc-I-sf-

t∏mse, Hcmsf as‰m-cmsfs°m≠v

BI-an-∏n®v Ifn-∏n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ ssZh-`-‡n-

bpsS am¿§w apdpsI ]nSn-°p-I. C∂v

apl-ΩZv \_n(-A) A\pKr-loX

kap-Zmbw ASn-ta¬ ad-™n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. G‰hpw \nµm-I-c-ambn Ah-

tcmSv s]cp-am-d-s∏-Sp-∂p. F√m h≥i-

‡n-Ifpw CkvemanI temIsØ

hfsc Ah-⁄-tbmsS ImWp-∂p.

apkvenw cmPy-ßsf C∂v ]q®-bpsS

ssIøn-sem-Xp-ßnb Fen-sb-t∏m-se-

bmWv Ah¿ IW-°m-°p -∂-Xv .

apkvenwIsf Ah-cp-t±-in-°ptºm-

sg√mw Ah-¿ C—n-°p-∂- coXn-bn¬

Ifn -∏n -°mw. Ah¿ Atß-b‰w

\nµmIcambn amXta apkvenwI-tfmSv

s]cp-am-dp-I-bp-≈q. apkvenw temIw

ASn°Sn Icphm-fn®pt]m-Ibpw Ah-

KW-\-bpsS AKWytImSn-bn-te°v

X≈-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ckvem

ans‚ ]Xm] aln-abpw BZ-c-hp-sa

√mw AkvX-ab L´-Øn-em-Wv. AXp-

sIm≠p \nßƒ ssZhsØ `b-s∏-

Sp-I. CkvemanIm≤ym]-\-ß-fn-te°v

Xncn®p hcn-I. CXpIq-SmsX \nß

ƒ°v bmsXmcp A`-b-tI-µ-hp-an-√.

Xn-cn-®-Sn-I-fp-tSbpw A[:]X-\-Øn-

t≥dbpw, Bh¿Øn®p hcp∂ Zpc-¥-

ß-fp-tSbpw Cu Ime-L´w apkvenw

Iƒ hmKvZØ ako-lns\ \ntj-[n-

®Xv aqew kwPm-X-am-b-Xm-sW∂v

Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p. AXn¬ bmsXmcp

kwi-b-hp-an-√. Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ Ah-

km-\sØ ktµ-i-an-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ

Ime-Øn-s‚ Cam-an\p ]n∂n¬ AWn-

\n-c-°p-I. B alm-flm-hns\ kzoI-

cn-°p-I. A√mlp Ab® At±-l-

Øn\v \nßsf \bn-°m-\p≈ tijn-

bp-≠v. At±-lsØ IqSmsX \nßƒ

Xe-t]mb icocw t]mse-bm-Wv.

Pohs‚ ]Xy£ e£Ww Hcp-]

s£ Ah-b-h-ß-fpsS ]nS°-em-bn-cn-

°mw. F∂m¬ B ]nS-b¬ thZ-\m-

P-\-I-am-Wv. kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-

Øn\v th≠n ssZhw \¬Inb Xe

\jvS-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v

\nßƒ ]n¥n-cn-bpI. \nßƒ C∂p

Xs∂ ssZhn-I-amb t\Xr-Xz-hp-ambn

apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tc, i≤n-°pIlkØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv

Jeo-- -Øp¬ akolv IV (d)

CdmJv IpsshØv Iog-S-°n-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v Kƒ^v kwL¿jw XpS-ßnb BZy\mfp-I-

fn¬ AXm-bXv 1990 BKÃv 3 apX¬ 1991 am¿®v 15 hsc Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv \mem-a≥

]Xn-t\gv Jp-Xv_--Iƒ HmXp-I-bp-≠m-bn-. -Jp¿-B-\nse ]hN-\-ßƒ, temI-cm-jvSo-b-Øns‚

ASn-sbm-gp-°p-Iƒ, apkvenw temI-Øns‚ `mhn, ]m›mXy cmPy-ß-fpsS NXn, blq-ZnI-

fpsS KqVm-tem-N\, Jp¿B-\n-I-amb ]cn-lm-c-ßƒ apX-em-bh \nc-h[n hnj-b-ßƒ AKm-

[-amb Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmsS hkvXp-\n-jvT-ambn Du Jp-Xv_-I-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v. apkvenw

P\-X-bpsS `mhn-bn¬ Xmev]-cy-ap≈ Ghcpw hmbn-®n-cn-t°≠ B JpXv_Ifnse

BZytØXns‚ Ah-km-\- m-K-amWv Cu hnh¿Ø-\w. kXy-Zq-X-\n¬ B JpXv_I-fpsS

]e mK-ßfpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏ń- p-≠v.

A

teJ\w


_‘w ÿm]n°pI. ssZhw \ntbm-

Kn® t\Xr-XzsØ \ntj-[n-®-Xn\v

tijw \nßƒ°v im¥n-bp-tSbpw

kar-≤n-bptSbpw ]mX Hcn-°epw

ImWm≥ km[y-a-√. Zpcn-X-ß-fpsS

Ime-L´w hfsc Zo¿L-ta-dn-bXpw

thZ-\m-P-\-I-hp-am-Wv. \nßƒ ssZ-

hØn-te°v Xncn-bp-I. ]›m-Ø-]n-

°pI. A-h-t\mSv am-∏n-c-°p-I. Rm≥

\nßƒ°v Dd∏p Xcp∂p, kwK-Xn-Iƒ

FX-Xs∂ tami-am-bn-cp-∂mepw icn

sssZh-Øn¬ ÿm]nX-amb t\Xr-Xz-

Øn\v \nßƒ kzbw ka¿∏n-°p-

IbmsW-¶n¬ \nßƒ temI-Øn¬

sht®-‰hpw h≥i‡nbmbn Dbcpsa

∂v amX-a√ B CkvemanI ]ÿm

\w ]pXnbta[mi‡n-tbmsS ]h¿

Ø\w Bcw-`n-°p-∂-XpamWv. `qtem-

IØv as‰mcp i‡n°pw AXns\

AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ km[n-°-bn-√. bpK-

bp-Km-¥-c-ß-fmbn a\p-jy≥ t\Snb

ùXn-I-]p-tcm-K-Xn-sb√mw GXm\pw

h¿jsØ t\´-ß-fpsS ]g-¶-Y-I-

fmbn amd-Ø-°-hn[w ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw

t£ahpw Zriy-am-Ipw. \nßƒ °v

Rß-fp-am-bn-IqSnt®cmw. As√-¶n¬

tNcn-Xn-cn-°mw. AlvaZnøm apkvenw

kaqlw AXns‚ ico-c-hpw, Bflm-

hpw, hn`-h-ßfpw D]-tbm-Kn®v Cu

am¿§-Øn¬ apt∂-dpI Xs∂ sNøpw.

C∂pw CXv XpS-cp-∂p. hcpw Ime-ß-

fnepw Cu al¬XymKw XpS-cp-I-

Xs∂ sNøpw. Cu A¥na hnPbw

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚

hn[n-bn¬ amXw FgpXn t®¿°-

s∏´Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v hcnI,

ktlm-Z-c-∑mtc-, -N-cn-X-]-chpw A\p-

Kr-lo-X-hp-amb Cu ]ÿm-\-Øns‚

ku`m -Ky -ß-fn¬ ]¶p -tN -cpI.

A√mlp \nßsf A]-Imcw

sNøm≥ Ign-hp-‰-h-cm°nØo¿-°-s´.

\nßsf tkhn-°m≥ ssZhw Rß

sf ]m]vX-am-°-s´. Ahs‚ \ma-Øn

¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ t]cn¬˛ap-l-ΩZv

apkvX-^m(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-Sp≈

kvt\lØns‚ t]-cn¬ \nß-fpsS

IjvS-∏m-Sn-s‚bpw Zpcn-X-ß-fp-sSbpw

Cu \mfp-I-fn¬ \nßƒ°v th≠n

XymK-ßƒ A¿∏n-°m≥ Rßƒ

k∂-≤-cm-Wv. ]s£ \nßƒ AXn¬

\n∂pw bmsXmcp ê-hp-sa-Sp-°p-∂n-

√. AlvaZnI-fpsS tkh-\-k-∂-≤-

Xsb \nßƒ ]pdw-Im¬ sIm≠v Xń-

°-f-bp-∂p. AXmWv h¿Ø-am-\-Im-

esØ Ckv emanI temI-Øns‚

G‰hpw henb Zu¿`mKyw. A√mlp

\n∂p ]pd-¥-≈m-s\m-cp-ßp-∂p. Cu

Iq -cpsS IÆn¬ Rm\pw Hcp Im^n-

dm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. AsX, C°m-

c -W-Øm¬X-s∂. Fs¥-∂m¬,

Rm≥ cIvXZm-ln-a-lvZn-bnepw tNmc-

s°m-Xn-b≥ ako-lnepw hniz-kn-°p-

∂n-√. A√m Rm≥ AØcw \nc¿

∞I Bi-b-ßsf shdp-°p-Ibpw

AhPvRtbmsS X≈n-°-f-bp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Ah-cpsS `mh-\-bn-ep≈

CØcw alvZn-bnepw CØcw ako-

lnepw hniz-kn-°m-Ø-Xn-\mWv Ah-

scs∂ Im^n-dm-°n--bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂p-am-X-a-√, ssZh-Øn¬\n-∂p≈

hyIvXamb shfn -]m-S -\p -k-cn®v

ss__n-fnepw Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-kp-

I-fnepw kphn-tijw Adn-bn-°-s∏´

kXy-a-lvZnbpw hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´

kXy-a-kolpw Rm≥Xs∂-bm-sW

∂p Rm≥ ]c-ky-ambn ]Jym-]n--®n- p-

≈Xpw Fs∂ Im^n-dm-°n-b-Xn-∂p≈

Imc-Ww-X-s∂. F∂m¬, alvZo-a-ko-

lm-sW∂p hmZn-°p∂ F\nbv°v

hmtfm tXmt°m \¬I-s∏-ń-ń-√.

hn\-b-tØmSpw kuay-X-bnepw P\-

\nßƒ°v _p≤nbpw hnth-Ihpw

\¬I-s´.

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øn-

t\mSv F\n-°p≈ At]-£-bn-XmWv.

\nß-fpsS tkh-\-ß-fn¬ Ah¿ e-

sa-Sp-°p-Itbm FSp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm

sNø-s´. Ah¿ \nßsf ktlm-Z-c-

∑m-cmbn IW-°m-°p-I-tbm, IW-°m-

°m-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sNø-s´. ]m¿∞-

\-bn-eqsS apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)bpsS

DΩ-Øns\ \nßƒ tkhn®p sIm≠n-

cn-°pI. hmKvZØ akolv Xs‚

t]¿jy≥ Ihn-X-bn¬ ]d™ Imcyw

\nßƒ Ft∏mgpw A\p-kva-cn-°p-I.

"Hm Fs‚ lrZ-bta, \o Ft∏mgpw

CtXm¿°p-I. \ns‚ iXp-hns\

Ft∏mgpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I. \ns∂

shdp-°p∂ apkvenwIƒ \ns‚ ]nb-

s∏´ ZqX¿ ]cn-ip-≤-\mb apl-Ω-Zn

(-k)s‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fm-sW∂v ]d-bp-

∂-h-cm-Wv'.

AXp-sIm≠v \ΩpsS G‰hpw

]nb-¶-c-\mb ]hm-NI Xncp-ta-\nsb

kvt\ln-°p∂ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-

tØmSv Ft∏mgpw \nßƒ ImcpWy

]q¿∆w s]cp-am-dp-I. A]-Imcw sN

øm≥ A√mlp XpW°s´ (B-ao≥)

ßsf ssZh-Øn-te°v hnfn-°m-\mWv

Rm≥ BPvRm]n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv. B

ssZh-am-I-s´, \nXy\pw am‰-an-√m-Ø-

h\pw ]c-a-]-cn-ip-≤\pw ]c-aPvRm

\nbpw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw ]c-a-\o-Xn-

am-\p-amb kXy-ssZ-h-am-Ip-∂p.


-a-X-bp≤w C\n-ta-en√t\m°q, Rm≥ Hcp Iev]-\bpw hln®p sIm≠mWv \nß-

fpsS ASp-°¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp CXm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ hmfns‚

PnlmZv Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p∂p. Bflm-hns\ ip≤o-I-cn-°p∂

PnlmZv Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p. Rm\nXv Fs‚ kz¥w \ne-bn¬ ]d-

bp-∂-X-√. ssZh-Øns‚ C—bpw Dt±-iyhpw Xs∂-bm-Wn-Xv.

klolv _pJm-cn-bn¬ hmKvZØ ako-lns\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v

"At±lw bp≤-ßƒ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pw' F∂v ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-

Xn-te°v i≤ Xncn-°p-ho≥. -

lkvdØv AlvaZv (A) (PnlmZv)

n

n


AlvaZn-Iƒ°v l÷v apS-°m≥ ]mSn√;kp¬Øm≥ C_v\pkpDu-Zns‚ hmKvZm\w

em-e -Øp¬ap¬°v kp¬

Øm≥ C_v\p-k-Du-Zp-ambn

aq∂p XhW IqSn-°mgvN \S

Øm≥ F\n-°-h-k-c-ap-≠m-bn. c≠p-

X-hW Fs‚ IqsS ap_-√n-Kp¬ --

Ckvemw lkØv A¬lmPv

A_vZp¿low \ø¿ kmln_pw (d)

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aq∂m-asØ XhW

Rms\m-‰-bv°mWv IqSn-°mgvN \S-

Øn-b-Xv. AXv hfsc ][m-\-s∏- -Xp-

am -bn -cp -∂p. hnip -≤ -a -°-bn¬

kp¬Øm≥ C_v\p-kp-DuZv ]th-

in® BZysØ sIm√w-Xs∂bmWv

AXp-≠m-b-Xv. [mcmfw Alvse lZo-

kp-Im¿ AhnsS hs∂-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvam-

bo¬ kqd-Ønbpw Ah-cn¬ Hcm-fm-

bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ t_mws_ ]hm-k-

Im-eØv ASpØv ]cn-N-bn-°m-\n-S-

bmb Ct±lw hnizm-k-]-c-ambn Alv-

sel-Zokv I£n-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-

t\m-sSm∏w Hcp Dd® tIm¨K- p-Im-

c-\p--ambn-cp-∂p. kqdØn km-ln-_n\v

kp¬-Øms‚ hfsc ASpØ Bfp-

I-fn¬s]´ auehn Ckvam-bn¬

Kkv\hntbmSv-(kp¬Øms‚ `c-W-

Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n-\p-th≠n henb

XymK-ßƒ sNbvXn- p≈ Hcm-fm-Wn-t±-

lw) Ft¥m \ockw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

kp¬Øm-t\mSv Kkv\-hn-km-ln-_n-

\p≈ ASp--∏hpw At±-l-Øn\v e`n-

®n-cp∂ ÿm\hpw auehn Ckvam-

bo¬ kqdØn°v Ak-l-\o-b-am-bn-

tØm-∂n. Kkv\hn kmln-_n-t\mSv

F\nbv°v sNdp-∏-Ønte _lp-am-\-

am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ At±lw

Fs∂bpw kvt\ln-®p. Kkv\-ho-km-

hmKvZØ alvZn (A) bpsS klm-_nbpw KŸ-

Im-c-\p-amb A¬lmPv lkvdØv bA-v°q_v

Aen kmln_v C¿^m\n (d) cNn® "InXm-_p¬

l÷v ' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈XmWv Cu

teJ-\w.

apkvenamb Hcmƒ°v l÷v \ntj-[n-°p-∂-

hsc in£n-°p-sa∂p A√mlp Xm°oXv sNbvX-

Xm-Wv. Nne De-am-°-∑m¿ Zpjv]-NmcWw \S-Øn-

sb-¶nepw kDuZn c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ l÷v \n¿∆-

ln-°m≥ BZy-Im-eØv AlvaZnIsf A\p-h-Zn-

®p. kp¬-Øm≥ C_v\p-kpDu-Zn\v A√m-

lphns‚ Xm-°oXns\∏‰n t_m≤y-ap-≠mbncp-

∂p. lkvdØv k¿ k-^-dp-√m-lvJm≥ km-ln-

_ns\ Aao¿ ss^k¬ hnin-jvSmYnXn-bmbn

l÷n\p £Wn-°pI-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. ]n∂oSp

FÆ∏Ww -Ip-an™p IqSn-b-t∏mƒ 1974˛¬

]m°n-ÿm-\n¬ \n∂pw C¥ybn¬ \n∂pw h∂p-

tN¿∂ D]-Pm-]-I-cmb De-am°--∑mcpw dm_n-X-

Øp¬ Be-an¬ CkvemanbpamWv AlvaZn-

Iƒ°p l÷v \ntcm-[n-°m≥ kDuZn `c-W-Iq-

SsØ t]cn-∏n-®-Xv-. -A-Xn\v tijw kDuZn Atd-

_y°pw apkvenw temI-Øn\pw in£-bmtWm

c£-bmtWm D≠m-bXv? hmb-\-°m¿ hne-bn-cp-

Øp-I.

"P

teJ\w

lkvdØv C¿^m\n


ln-_n-s\-Xnsc Btcm-]-W-ßƒ

sXmSp-Øp-hn-Sm-≥ CsXmcp \√ Ah-

k-c-am-sW∂v kqd-Øn-km-ln_v Icp-

Xn . Kkv\ -hn -km -ln_v Fs∂

kp¬Øms‚ ASp-°¬ Iqń-s°m≠v

sN√p-∂p F∂v At±lw Hcm-t£]w

]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bpw CXv hen-sbmcp

^nXv\-bm-sW∂pw a‰pw ]d-™p-]-c-

Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

kp¬Øm\v Fs‚ hnizm-k-

ßƒ \∂mbn Adn-bm-am-bncp-∂p.

kp¬Øm≥ C°mcyw ssiJp¬-

Ckvemw A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p b¬lo-

Zp-ambn N¿® sN-bvIbpw sNbvXn-cp-

∂p. Rm\p-ambn IqSn-°mgvN \S-Øp-

∂-Xn-s\-]‰n kp¬Øm≥ At±-l-

tØm--S-`n-]m-b-am-cm-bp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn.

G‰hpw icn-bmb Hc-`n-]m-bamWv

ssiJp¬ Ckvemw (A-√mlp At±-

l-Øns‚ t\sc dlow sNøp-am-dm-

Is´!)\¬In-b-Xv. C°q-´¿ Ckvem

ans‚ X_veoKv sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW

∂pw Xncp-a-\- p-sIm≠v \n›-b-ambpw

Ah-cp-ambn IqSn-°mgvN \SØn Ah-

cpsS \ne-]mSpw hnizm-k-ßfpw a\-

n-em-°-W-sa∂pw At±lw D]-tZ-in-

®p. Cß-s\-bmWv F\nbv°v kp¬

Øm-\p-ambn IqSn-°mgvN \S-Øm\pw

Fs‚ hnizm-k-ßƒ kp¬Øms\

Adn-bn-°m\pw Ah-kcw e`n-®-Xv.

kp¬Øm-\p-ambn Rm≥ IqSn-

°mg vN \S -Øn -sb∂v kpdØn

kmln_v Adn-™-t∏mƒ At±lw

Kkv\hn kmln-_n-s\-°p-dn®v kp¬

Øms‚ ASp -°¬ Bt£]w

t_m[n-∏n-®p. kwK-Xn-Iƒ icn°pw

Adn-bp∂ kp¬Øm≥, C_v\p-kp-

DuZv Rm≥ icn-bmb hgn-°mWv

Xs∂ kao-]n-®-sX∂pw Xm≥ ssi

Jp¬ Ckveman-t\mSv D]-tZ-i-am-cm-

™-ti-j-amWv IqSn-°mgvNbv°v A\p-

aXn \¬In-b-sX∂pw Adn-bn-®p.

Rm≥ \¬Inb KŸ-ßƒ Xm≥

kzoI-cn -®-Xmbpw C°m-cy-Øn¬

Kkv\hn kmln-_n\v Hcp ]¶pw

Cs√∂pw kp¬Øm≥ ]d-™p.

XpS¿∂v kqd-Øn- km-ln-_n-t\mSv

At±lw a°-bn¬ h∂-sX-¥n-\m-

sW∂v kp¬Øm≥ tNm-Zn-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. l÷v sNøm≥ h∂-Xm-sW∂v

At±lw adp-]Sn \¬In. At∏mƒ

kp¬Øm≥ Xncp-a-\- p-sIm≠v C]-

Imcw ]d™p:""Rßƒ _Zp-°-fm-

Wv. Rß-fpsS `h-\-Øn¬ iXp-

°ƒ°pw A`bw \¬Im-dp-≠v.

Ch¿ ssZh-Øns‚ h-\-Øn-emWv

h∂n-´p-≈-Xv. ssZh-Øns‚ `h-\-

Øn¬ \n∂v Chsc Bń∏p-d-Øm-

°m≥ Rmt\m \nßtfm BcmWv?

]ns∂ "^nXv\'bpsS Imcyat√?

At±lw \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-ambn Fs¥-

¶nepw ]d-bp-Itbm ]h¿Øn-°p-

Itbm sNbvIbmsW-¶n¬

At∏mƒ k¿°m¿ th≠Xv

sNøpw!''

Npcp-°-Øn¬ kpd-Øn-km-ln_v

Xs‚ IpX-¥-Øn¬ ]s‰ ]cm-P-b-a-

S-™p. Cu kwKXn Rm\-dn-™-

t∏mƒ Rm≥ ho≠pw kp¬Øm-\p-am-

bp≈ IqSn-°m-gvNbv°v Hcp-°-ßƒ

sNbvXp. Aßs\ Rm\pw kp¬-Øm-

\p-ambn C]-Imcw Hcp kw`m-j-W-

ap≠mbn:

C¿^m-\n-: P-em-e-Øp¬ap¬°v!

hnip≤ ld-ap-I-fpsS (]p-Wy-ÿ-e-ß-

fp-sS) tkh-\-Øn-\p≈ `mKyw A-

ßbv°v e`n-®-sX-ß-s\-bm-sW-∂-dn-

bmtam?

kp¬Øm≥:Zmen° ^kvep

√mln bpAvØoln a≥b-imD'(CtX

ssZhm-\p-K-l-a-sX, Ah≥ C—n-°p-

∂-h¿°v Ah≥ AXv \¬Ip-∂p. ˛

Jp¿-B≥).

C¿^m\n: \n -›-b -ambpw

CsXmcp A\p-KlwXs∂. F∂m¬

B A\p-K-l-]m-]vXn°v Imc-W-

ßfpw D≠m-Ip-a-t√m.

kp¬Øm≥-:-F-\n-bv°-dn-bn-√.

Xm¶ƒX-s∂ ]d-bp-I.

C¿^m-\n - : - i -co^v Hus‚

ImeØv Aß-bpsS ]nXm-a-l≥

l÷n-\mbn h∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬, ico-^v-Hu≥ hnizm-k-]-c-

amb A`n - ]m -b-hy -Xym -k-ßsf

ap≥\n¿Øn Ahsc XS -™p.

A√mlp CXv CjvS-s∏-ń-√. BI-

bm¬, ico-^ns‚ IpSpw-_-°m-cn¬

\n∂v Cu alm-`mKyw A√mlp ]nSn-

®p-]‰n kpDuZv IpSpw-_-Øn\v \¬In!

k p ¬ Ø ≥ : " a ¿ l _ m ! '

"a¿l_m!!'

C¿^m\n: hn-ip-≤-a°m temI-

Øp≈ apgp-h≥ apkvenwI--fpsSbpw

tIµ-am-Wv. ChnsS hnhn[ hnizm-k-

°mcpw I-£n°m-cp-amb apkv-enwIƒ

hcpw. Nne¿°v Aßp-ambpw A`n-]m-

b-hy-Xym-k-ß-fp≠mImw. hnizm-k-]-

c-amb A`n-]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ßsf

ap≥\n¿Øn Aßv Bsc-sb-¶nepw

AI-‰p-∂-]£w Hm¿Ω-sh-®p-sImƒ

hn≥, k¿∆-i-‡-\mb A√mlp Aß-

bn¬ \n∂v Cu tkh-\- mKyw ]nSn®p-

]-‰pw. F∂n- v, hnizm-k-]-c-amb A`n-

]m-b-hy-Xym-ksØ ap≥\n¿Øn

Bscbpw AI-‰n-°-f-bmØ Bƒ°v

AXv \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw!

Fs‚ Cu kwkmcw A∂sØ

At±-l-Øns‚ ]kn-≤-a-¥n-bm-bn-

cp∂ XuôJv ico v kmln-_mWv

]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Nne-

t∏mƒ Rm≥ Xs∂ X∏nØ-S™p

Fs‚ `mj-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°bpw

sNbvXn-cp-∂p. kp¬Øm≥ Fs‚

Cu kwkmcw tI´-t∏mƒ "-C-kvXn-K-

^m¿' sNm√n-s°m≠v s]s´∂v Fgp-

t∂-‰p-\n∂p ]-d™p:

""C≥imA-√mlv! \mw Hcn-°epw

A]-Imcw sNøn√!''

F∂n- -t±lw C]Imcw ]d™p:

""Xm¶ƒ Xs∂ km£n-bm-Ws√m \mw

Hcp hntcm-[hpw ImWn-®n-√. Xm¶-sf-

°p-dn®p Bt£]w D≠m-sb-¶nepw

\mw AXv sNhns°m≠n- p-an√!''

At∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d™p:

""C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂-bmWv

Cu kXyw Aßsb DW¿Ø-W-

sa∂v F\nbv°v tXm∂n-bXv! A¬lw-

Zp-en-√mlv! Rm\nXm Fs‚ ISa

\n¿h-ln®p Ign-™p.''



\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ Bflo-b-h-

f¿®-bpsS ]mcayw I≠

lkvdØv ap-l-ΩZp apkvX^

(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS kXy-km£yw

aq∂p Ime-L- -ß-fnepw hym]n®p InS-

°p-∂-Xmbpw B ]pWy-flm-hns‚

kXy-X°v aq∂p Ime-L-´-ßfpw

km£yw hln-°p-∂-Xmbpw hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

Xncp-\_n (k) °v A√m-lp-hn¬

\n∂v e`n® _øn-\mØv F∂ ZrjvSm-

¥-ß-fp-sSbpw sXfn-hp-I-fp-sSbpw

kap®bw At±-l-Øns‚ kXy-km-

£y-Øn-\p≈ \nZm-\-ß-fm-Wv.

AtX]-Imcw lkvdØv dkq¬

Icow (k) Xncp-ta-\n°v apºp-h∂

\ymb ]am-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]hm-N-

I-\mb lkvdØv aqkm-\_n (A)

X\n°p tijw Xs‚ kZr -i -

\mbnhcm -\n -c n -°p∂ Camapw

dlvaØpw Bb Hcp ]-Nm-N-I-s\-∏‰n

km£yw hln-°p-∂p.

AXn -\p -tijw AXm-bXv

lkvdØv apl-Ω-Zp-\_n (k) °p

tijw At±-l-sØbpw At±lw

sIm≠p-h∂ \ymb ]am-W-sØbpw

km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ Hcp imlnZv (km-

£n) Ah-X-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ]kvXpX

aq∂p Imcy-ßfpw Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ Jp¿-

B≥ hN\w hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

""AXm-bXv Hcmƒ Xs‚ \mY-\n¬

\n∂pw hy‡-amb sXfn -hnepw

ZrjvSm-¥-Ønepw A[n-jvTn-X-\m-Ip-

∂p. At±-lsØØpS¿∂v Ah-\n¬

\n∂p (A-√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂v) Hcp

km£n hcn-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. At±-

l-Øn\v apsº apkm-bpsS KŸw

hgn-Im- nbpw Imcp-Wy-hp-ambn h∂n- p-

ap-≠v. A-°q-´¿ At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂p. FXn¿ I£n-I-fn¬

\n∂pw h√-hcpw At±-lsØ \ntj-

[n-°p-Ibpw Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah-cpsS hmKvZØ

kt¶Xw \c-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-

sIm≠p \o Cu Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-

b-Øn-em-h-cp-Xv. CXv \ns‚ \mY-\n¬

\n∂p≈ kXy-am-Wv. F∂m¬ A[n-

I-am-fp-Ifpw hniz-kn-°p-∂n√. (11:18)

]kvXpX Xncp -h -N -\ -Øn¬

lkvdØv \_n-Icnw (k) sIm≠p-

h∂ _p≤n-]-c-ambpw ]mam-Wn-I-

ambpw D≈ sXfn-hp-Ifpw ZrjvSm-¥-

ßfpw B ]pWym-flm-hns‚ kXy-X-

bn-te-°p≈ km£y-ß-fm-Ip∂p.

Xncp-\_n (k)-°p-apºv `qX-Im-e-

Øn¬ lkvdØv aqkm-\-_n-bpsS

KŸ-amb Xudm-Øv, AXns‚ ]h-

N -\ -ß-fpsS ASn -ÿm-\ -Øn¬

lkvdØv dkq¬ Icnw (k) Xncp-ta-

\n-bpsS kXy-Øn\p km£yw hln-

°p-∂p.

`mhn-Im-esØ kw_-‘n-t®-S-

tØmfw At±-l-Øn\p tijw BK-

X-\m-Ip∂, B ]pWym-fls‚ (k)

Znhym-\p-K-l-ß-fm¬ ]`m-hn-X-\m-Ip-

∂, A√mlphn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp

imlnZv (km-£n) Xs‚ km£yw

aptJ\ l: \_n-Xn-cp-ta\nbpsS (k)

kXy-Øn\p shfn®w ]I-cp∂p.

D]-cyp‡ Bb-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v

lkvdØv A√ma: Jvdp-±o≥ dmkn

(d-lv) Xs‚ Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-\-

Øn¬ C]-Imcw hni-I-e\w sNøp-

∂p:

""BZysØ hN\w \mev Imcy-

ßƒ AS-ßn-b-Xm-sW∂p Adn-bp-I.

Ah-bn-tem-tcm∂pw hni-Zo-I-c-Wm¿

lamWv. H∂m-a-tØ-Xv,1

A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-amb

sXfn-hp-I-tfmSpw Zrjv-Sm-¥-ß-tfmSpw

IqSn h∂ Bƒ BcmWv?

(2) hy‡-amb ZrjvSm-¥-ßƒ

(A¬_-øn\) F∂Xv sIm≠p≈

hnh-£n-X-sa-¥mWv?

(3) bXveplp F∂-Xp-sIm≠p

Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-∂p-

sht∂m AX-√, At±-lsØ ]n≥Xp-

S¿∂p hcp∂ Bƒ F∂mtWm

Dt±iyw?

(4) ChnsS ]Xn-]m-Zn -°-s∏´

imlnZv F∂ Bƒ BcmWv?

"imlnZpw aivlqZpw'apl-ΩZv Da¿ F®v F.

a

teJ\w

apl-ΩZv \_n (k) hniz-amsI ]Zo-]vX-am-°nb Hcp-÷ze hnf-°m-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-¶n¬ B kqcy-]-`-bpsS km£y-am-bn-sIm≠v \nd-\n-em-hmbn hnf-ßnb

]q¿Æ Nµ-\m-bn-cp-∂p lkvdØv AlvaZv (A)


kw£n]vX kwK-l-amb Cu

\mep Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Jp¿-B≥

hymJym-Xm-°ƒ `n∂m-`n-]m-b-ßƒ

]I-S-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

(A-Ø-^vko-dp¬ I_o-dp¿ dmkn

hmeyw 17 `mKw 200)

\ap°o Bb-Øn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-

s∏´ Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Aev]w hni-

I-e\w \S-Ømw.

D]cyp‡ Bb-Øn¬ ImW-s∏-

Sp∂ hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-tfmSpw

ZrjvSm-¥-ß-tfmSpw IqSn-h∂ ]hm-

N-I≥ lkvdØv apl-Ω-Zp-ap-kvX^m

(k) Xncp-ta-\n-bms-sW∂p a\- n-em-

°mw. Imc-Ww, ]kvXpX Bb-Ø-S-

ßnb kqd: lpZn¬ lkvdØv \qlv,

lkvdØv kzmen-lv, lkvdØv ipsF-

_v, lkvdØv apl-ΩZp (k) F∂o

]hm-N-I≥am¿ Xß-fpsS kap-Zm-b-

ß-tfmSv Xßƒ d∫n¬ \n∂pw kv]

jvS-amb sXfn-hp-I-tfmSpw ZrjvSm-¥-

ß-tfmSpw IqSn h∂-h-cm-sW∂v hmZn-

°p∂p. AXm-bXv

1. lkvdØv \qlv \_n (A) Xs‚

kap-Zm-b-tØmSp ]d™p. ""Fs‚ P\-

ta, \nßƒ ImWp-∂nt√? Rms\ s‚

\mY\n¬ \n∂p≈ kv]jvSamb sXfn-

hp-I-tfmsS \ne-sIm-≈p-Ibpw Ah≥

Xs‚ ]°¬ \n∂v al-Ømb Hc-\p-

Klw F\n°v \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.''

(11:23)

2. lkvdØv kzmenlv (A) Xs‚

kap-Zm-b-tØmSp ]d-™p. ""Fs‚

kap-Zm-b-ta, \nßƒ Nn¥n®n- pt≠m?

Rm≥ Fs‚ \mY-\n¬ \n∂p≈

kv]jvS-amb ZrjvSm-¥-Øn-em-bn-cn-°p-

Ibpw Ah-¶¬ \n∂p≈ ImcpWyw

F\n-°-h≥ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvX

ÿnXn-bn¬ Rm\-hs\ [n-°-cn-°p-∂

]£w Ahs‚ in£-bn¬ \ns∂s∂

c£n®p klm-bn-°phm≥ Bcm-Wp-

≈Xv?'' (11:64)

(3) lkvdØv ipsF_v (A)

Xs‚ P\-X -tbmSp ]d -™p:

""A√tbm Fs‚ P\-ßtf, Rms\

s‚ \mY\n¬ \n∂p≈ kphy-‡-amb

sXfn-hp-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn \ne-sIm-≈p-

Ibpw Ah≥ Xs‚ ]°¬ \n∂v

F\n°v \√ hn`m-h-ßƒ Hcp-°n-Ø-

cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv \nßƒ

ImWp--∂nt√?''

AtX ]Imcw lkvdØv dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n (k) tbmSp A√mlp

Acpƒ sNøp-∂p:

""(ap-l-ΩZp \_ntb, \o) ]Jym-

]n-°pI: Xo¿®bmbpw Rm≥ Fs‚

\mY-\n¬ \n∂p≈ hy‡-amb

ZrjvSm-¥-tØmSp IqSn-bmWv \ne-sIm-

≈p-∂-Xv. \nßƒ AXp \n-tj-[n-®n-

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. \nßƒ [rXns-∏-´m-

hiys∏Sp∂ Imcyw Fs‚-b-Sp-°-en-

√. Xocp-am\w Iev]n-°p-hm-\p≈ A[n-

Imcw A√m-lp-hn\p amXtabp≈q.

Ah≥ Xocp-am\w Iev]n-°p-∂-h-cn¬

G‰hpw DØ-a-\m-Ip-∂p.'' (6:58)

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse ]kvXpX

hnh-c-W-ssien a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-

Xv, "Aem _øn-\-Øn≥ an≥d∫n' F

∂ ]Jym-]\w ]hm-N-I-∑m-cmWv sN

øp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv. A√mlp hfsc hyI-

X-amb \ne-bn¬ Acpƒ sNøp-∂p:

""PmAØvlpw dpkp-eplpw _n¬_-

øn-\mØn'' Ah-cpsS ZqX-∑m¿ hy‡-

amb ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpw sIm≠v Ah-

cpsS ASps° sN∂p.'' (35:26)

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ [mcmfw

ÿe-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ A¬_-

øn-\, A¬_-øn-\mØv F∂o hm°p-

Iƒ ]hm-N-I∑m¿ \ne-sIm-≈p∂

ssZhnI ZrjvSm-¥ßfpw sXfn-hp-

Ifpw BWv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ ]hm-N-

I-∑m¿°v \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ _øn-\mØv

ssZhn-I-amb AS-bm-f-ßfpw Ah-

cpsS kXy-km-£y-Øn-\p≈ hy‡-

amb ZrjvSm-¥-ßfpw _p≤n-]-c-ambpw

]am-W-]-c-ambpw D≈ sXfn-hp-I-fp-

amWv.

lkvdØv \_n Xncp-ta\n (k) °v

e`n-®n-cp∂ _øn-\m-Øv, Fs∂∂pw

\ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw Poh- p-≈Xpw

imizX am¿§-Z¿i-\hpw Bb

hnip≤Jp¿-B-\m-Wv.

Npcp--°-Øn¬ "Aâ≥Im\ Aem-

_-øn-\-Øn≥ an≥-d∫nln' F∂ Bb-

Øp-sIm-≠p≈ hnh£ l: \_n

Icnw (k) Xncp-ta-\n-bm-Wv. CtX

Bb-Øn¬Øs∂ ImW-s∏-Sp∂

At±-l-Øn\p apºpw ]nºpw h∂

km£n-Iƒ A-t±-l-Øns‚ kXy-Øn-

\p≈ km£n-I-fm-sW-∂Xv ]kvXpX

hmZ-Øn\p Dt]m¬_-e-I-am-Wv.

CtX Bb-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p

A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p:

"bXveqlp imln-Zp≥ an≥lp'

Ah-\n¬ \n∂pw Hcp km£n At±-

lsØ XpS¿∂p hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ChnsS h∂ "bXveqlp' F∂

hm°n\v c≠p A¿∞-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.

H∂p ]n¥p-S¿∂p hcnI c≠v ]mcm-

bWw sNøp-I.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kp]-kn≤

hyJym -Xmhv lkvdØv Camw

ss_fmhn Cu Bb-Øn\v \¬Inb

hymJym\w CXmWv.

"bXveqlp _na -A-\o X

_nAlpAbv bØ-_nD a≥ Im\

Aem _øn-\-Øn≥ (A¬ ss_fm-

hn, X^vko¿ kqd: lpZv)

AXm-bXv bXveqlp F∂Xp

sIm≠p≈ Dt±iyw hcp∂ Bƒ

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]n≥Km-anbpw

At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-bpw Bbn-

cn-°p-sa∂mWv. hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\nse

CXc Bb-Øp-Iƒ Cu A¿∞-

Øn\p Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂p. A√mlp

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ lkvdØv dkp¬

Xncp-ta\nsb "kndm-Pp≥ ap\o¿'

(33:47). ]Imiw Xcp∂ kqcy≥'

F∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

as‰mcp ÿeØv Acpƒ sNøp-

∂p:

"kqcys\s°m≠pw AXns‚

]Im-i-sØ-s°m≠pw AXns\ ]n≥

Xp-S¿∂p-h-cp∂ Nµs\s°m≠pw

kXyw'' (91:2,3)ChnsS kqcys\

kzbw ]Imiw Xcp∂ tKmf-ambpw

Nµs\ kqcy-\n¬ \n∂v ]Imiw

Dƒs°m≠v AXns\ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p-h-

cp∂ tKmf-ambpw hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂p.

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ as‰mcp ÿeØv


Acpƒ sNøp-∂p:

""cmin-I-fp≈ BIm-i-sØ-s°m

≠pw hmKvZØ \mfn-s\-s°m≠pw

Hcp km£n-sb-s°m≠pw km£yw

hln-°-s∏-Sp∂ Bsf-s°m≠pw

kXyw'' (85:2,3,4)

Xs‚ d∫n¬ \n∂pw hy‡-amb

ZrjvSm-¥-Øn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p∂ Bƒ

F∂Xp sIm≠v lkvdØv dkp¬

Xncp-ta\n (k) Dt±-iy-am-bn-cn-s°,

At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂pw Bflob

]Imiw Dƒs°m≠v At±-l-Øn-\p-

tijw BK-X-\m-Ip∂ Bƒ At±-

l-Øns‚ kXy-Øn-\p≈ km£n

(im-lnZv) Bbn-cn-°pw. AXm-bXv

l: \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n (k) °v tijw

hcp∂ Bƒ At±-l-Øns‚ imln

Zpw (km-£n) At±lw aivlpZpw

(km-£o-I-cn-°-s∏´ Bƒ) Bbn-cn-

°pw. ]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬ h∂

"h¬ bu-an¬ auDuZn him-ln-Zp≥

h aivlpZv' F∂ Bb-Øn-s‚ hnh-

£-bm-Wn-Xv.

]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬ h∂ "imln-

Zp≥ an≥lp' F∂-Xn¬ "an≥lp'

F∂-Xp-sIm≠v hnh-£nXw Bcm-

sW∂ ]iv\w hcp-∂p. Nne Jp¿-B≥

hymJym-Xm°ƒ an≥lp (A-h-\n¬

\n∂p At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂p) F∂-Xn\v

-A√m-lphpw Nne hyJym-Xm-°ƒ

lkvdØv dkp¬ Xncp-ta-\nbpw BWv

hnh-£nXw Fs∂-gp-Xp-∂p. lkvdØv

Camw ss_fmhn Cu c≠v A¿∞-

ßfpw icn-bm-sW∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-

∂p. AtX ]Imcw lkvdØv Jvdp-

±o≥ dmknbpw "an≥lp' F∂Xv

sIm≠v A√m-lphpw lkvdØv

dkp¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bp-amWv hnh-£n-X-

sa∂pw Cu c≠v A¿∞-ßfpw icn-

bm -sW∂pw ]kvXmhn -°p∂p.

(X^vko¿ I_o¿ en¿dmkn hmfyw

17. `mKw 201)

"an≥lp' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v lkvdØv

dkp¬Icnw (k) BWp-t±-iy-sa-¶n¬

AXns‚ Xmev]cyw At±-l-sØ- ]n-

¥p-S¿∂v At±-l-Øn\p≈ km£n-

bmbn hcp∂ Bƒ At±-l-Øn¬

\n∂p Xs∂-bp≈ At±-l-Øns‚

Bflo b ]Im-i-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈ Hcp

Inc-W-ambn hcp∂ Bfm-bn-cn-°pw.

AsX-]-Im-cw, an≥lp F∂-Xp-

sIm≠v A√mlp hmWv hnh-£-sb-

¶n¬ Xncp-ta\n (k) °v tijw hcp

∂ Bƒ ssZh \nbp-‡-\mb Bfm-

bn-cn-°pw.

]kvXpX Bb-Øn¬ h∂

"imlnZp' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v lkvdØv

dkp¬ Xncp-ta\nbpsS ]Xn-]p-cp-j-

\mbn AhXcn® hmKvZØ alvZn

ako-lm-sW∂p hmZn® lkvdØv

AlvaZ v (A) BWp Dt± -iyw.

At±lw Xs‚ bP-am-\\pw Bflob

]nXm-hp-amb l-kvdØv apl-ΩZp

\_n (k) bpsS kXy-Xsb km£y-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-∂mbn Ad-_n, D¿Zp,

^m¿kn F∂o `mj-I-fn¬ F¨]-

Xn-e-[nIw al¬ KŸ-ßƒ cNn-®n-

´p-≠v. \_n Xncp-ta\n(k)bpsS

kXy-Xsb B¿°pw Xs∂ \ntj-[n-

°m-\m-hmØ coXn-bn-ep≈ al-Ømb

sXfn-hp-Ifpw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-amWv

At±lw Xs‚ Cu cN-\-I-fn¬ \nc-

Øn-sh-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-s∂-Xn-cn¬

apt∂m-´p-h-cm≥ At±lw \_n Xncp-

ta\nbpsS iXp-°sf sh√p-hn-fn-°p-

Ibpw cwK-Øp-h-cm≥ Blzm\w

sNøp-I-bp-ap -≠m-bn. F∂m¬

B¿°pw At±lw ka¿∞n®

ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sfbpw sXfn-hp-I-sfbpw

\ntj-[n-®p-sIm≠v Cu sh√p-hnfn

kzo-I-cn-°m-\p≈ ss[cy-ap-≠m-bn- n√.

Bsc-¶nepw h∂p-sh-¶n¬Øs∂

hfsc ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb ]cm-P-b-amWv

Ah¿°vvv ImtW-≠n-h-∂-Xv.

lkvdØv AlvaZv (A) l: \_n-

Icnw (k) temIØp hcp-Ønb \nkv

Xp-ey-amb Bflob hnπ-hsØ

°pdn®v A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p

""Atd-_y≥ aW-em-c-Wy-Øn¬ Hc-

¤pX ]Xn-`mkw kw`-hn-®p. e£-

°-W-°n-ep≈ arX-∑m¿ GXm\pw Znh-

k-ßƒs°m≠v Poh-\p-≈-h-cmbn

amdp-Ibpw Xe-apd Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn hgn-

]n-g-®p-t]m-b-h¿ Znhy-h¿Æw kzoI-cn-

® -h -cmbn cq]m -¥-c -s∏-Sp -Ibpw

sNbvXp. A‘¿ ImWp-hm≥ XpS

ßn. Dua-I-fpsS \mhp-I-fn¬ Znhy-

⁄m\w ]h-ln-®p. apsºm-cn-°epw

Hcp IÆpw I≠n-ń-√m-ØXpw Hcp

sNhnbpw tIń-ń-√m-ØXpw Bb

alm-¤p-X-amWv kw`-hn-®-Xv. CsX-

¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \nßƒ°-dn-bptam?

CsX√mw A‘-Im-c-\n-_n-V-amb

cmXn-I-fn¬ A√mlp-hn¬ ]q¿Æ-

ambpw ebn® Hcmƒ Db¿Ønb D≈p-

cp-Inb ]m¿∞-\-I-fpsS e-am-bn-cp-

∂p. B ]m¿∞\-Iƒ temIsØ

i_vZm-b-am-\-am°n. Aßs\ B \nc-

£-c\pw \n -lm-b\pw Bb hy‡n-

bpsS Iøm¬ XnI®pw Akm-≤yhpw

Akw- -hyhpw Bb alm-¤p-X-ßƒ

shfn-s∏-Sp-am-dm-bn. A√m-lpth! Cu

kap-Zm-b-Øn\v th≠n dkp¬ Xncp-

ta\n (k) ]I-Sn-∏n® D¬I-WvT°pw

A\p- -hn® IjvS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ°pw Zp:J

ßƒ°pw A\p-k-cn® hn[w At±-l-

Øn¬ \o A\p-K-l-ßfpw kam-[m-

\hpw Cd-°pIbpw At±-l-Øns‚

ta¬ \ns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ Zo]vXn-

h¿jw F∂p-sa∂pw sNmcn-bp-Ibpw

sNtø-W-ta.'' (_-d-°m-Øp-±pB 5)

ho≠pw At±lw Acpƒ

sNøp∂p:

""temI-Øv Hcm-flob ]Imiw

h∂p. AXp F√m ]-Im-i-ß-sfbpw

AXn-Pbn®p. A]-Imcw B A\p-

K-l-Øns‚ cl-ky-sa-t∂mWw

C…m-an-∂p≈ Bflo-b klmbw

\ndp-Ø-em-°-s∏- n- n√ F∂p amX-a-

√, Hmtcm Im¬sh-bv∏nepw AXv

Ckveman-t\m-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \_n (k)

bpsS ]kvXpX A\p-K-lm-in- p-

Iƒ Imc-W-ambn \hw-\-h-ß-fmb

A\p-K-l-ßƒ Cu ImeØpw \_n

Xncp-ta\n (k) \tΩm-sSm∏w D≈Xv

t]mse \mw Bkz-Zn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. B ]pWym-fls‚ ssNX-

\yw C∂pw \ap°v am¿§-Z¿i\w

\¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.'' (N-ivasb

aA-cn^: 372) lkvdØv AlvaZv (A)


Xs‚ bP-am-\-\mb lkvdØv apl-

ΩZp \_n (k) sb ]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm

≠v [mcmfw Ihn-XIfpw Ad_n, D¿

Zp-, ^m¿kn `mj-I-fn¬ cNn-®n-´p-≠v.

Ah-bn¬ NneXv NphsS D≤-cn-°p∂p.

l: AlvaZv (A) Ad_n Ihn-X-

bn¬ Acpƒ sNøp-∂p.

1 . apl-ΩZp dkq -ep -√m -bpsS

]mXsb ]nb-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xr]vXn-

s∏SpIbpw sNbvX Bƒ A\p-K-lo-

X≥! B ]Imi ]qcn-X-amb kqcy-

s\-t∏m-ep≈ as‰mcp kqcy-s\bpw

\ap°p ImWm-\m-bn- n-√.

2. A√m-lp-hn -\msW kXyw,

\ΩpsS thZ-K-Ÿ-amb hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B≥ ln-Zm-b-Øns‚ (k-Xy-am¿§-Øn-

s‚) alm-km-K-c-am-Wv.

A√m-lp-hn-\msW kXyw, \ΩpsS

]hm-N-I\pw Kh≥ (k) hn⁄m-\-

ß-fpsS `WvUm-c-am-Wv. (I-dm-a-

Øp mZn-Jo≥). \_n Xncp-ta\n (k)

]-Im-in-°p∂ kqcy-_nw-_-am-Wv. Ah-

ti-jn-°p∂hsb√mw B kqcy-\n¬

\n∂pw sh-fn®w e`n® Nµ\pw \-

£-X-ßfpw amXw.

Rßƒ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]Imiw

hgn A√m-lp-hns\ Z¿in-®p. Aß-

bpsS ]Imiw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

Rßƒ°v ]m]-tam-N\w t\Sn ssZh-

km-ao]yw Ic-ÿam°m≥ km[n-°p-

am-bn-cp∂n-√. (I-dm-a-Øp- m-Zn-Jo≥)

F√m ÿm\-am-\-ß-sf°mfpw

G‰hpw Db¿∂-Xm-Wv Ahn-SpsØ

]Z-hn. Hcp a\p-jy\pw k¶-ev]n-°p-

hm≥ km[n-°m-Ø-h-bm-W-hn-SpsØ

]Im-i-t[m-c-Wn-Iƒ.

A√m-lp-hn-\m-sW kXyw, Rm≥

apl-ΩZp \_nsb ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambpw

]n≥]‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm \nan-jhpw

Ahn-SpsØ shfn-®-Øn¬ \n∂pw

Rm≥ ]`m-]q-cn-X-\m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. (l-am-aØp¬ _pivd)

At±lw Xs‚ Hcp-^m¿kn Ihn-

X-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂p.

""Fs‚ Poh\pw lrZ-bhpw apl-

ΩZv \_nbpsS kuµ-cy -Øn¬

ka¿∏n-X-am-Wv. Fs‚ Cu icocw

Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ho´p-hm-Xn¬°¬

_en-bn-S-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

F\n-s°-√m-bn-SØpw apl-ΩZp

\_n-bpsS kuµ-cy-amWv Fs‚ AI-

°Æv sIm≠p ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-

∂-Xv. Ahn-SpsØ a[p-c-i_vZw Fs‚

I¿Æ-ßƒ sIm≠p tIƒ°p-hm\pw

km[n-°p-∂p.

a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ \∑-°mbn

Rms\m-gp-°nb Bflob ⁄m\-

Øns‚ Cu tkmX v (80 ¬ ]cw

KŸ-ßƒ) apl-ΩZv F∂ alm-k-

apZØn¬ \ns∂-SpØ Hcp Xp-≈n-

amXw. Rm≥ IØn® Cu t]am·n

dkq¬ Xncp-ta\ntbmSp≈ t]am-·n-

bpsS Hcp `mKw amXw. Fs‚ Cu

Pew dkp¬ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]hnX

Pem-i-b-Øn¬ \n∂p-sa-Sp-°-s∏-´X-

sX. (dn-bmsk lnµp 1˛3-˛1884)

lkvdØv AlvaZv (A) Xs‚

D¿Zp Ihn-X-bn¬ ]d-bp∂p:

GsXm-cm-fn¬ \n∂mtWm F√m

tXP p-Ifpw ap-l-ΩZp F∂ \ma-ap-

≈ B ]mW-]n-b-\sX Fs‚ bP-

am-\≥.

B ]Im-i-[m-c-bn¬ Rm\nXm

kzbw A¿∏nX\mbn-cn-°p-∂p. AXn

¬ \n∂pap≠m-b-XmWp Rm≥. bm

Ym¿∞yw AXp Xs∂-bm-Wv. F\n-

s°¥v ]k-‡n-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. CXp

Xs∂-bmWv hn[n. (JmZn-bm≥sI

Bcy Hm¿ lw)

ssZhnI amlm-fly-ßƒ Rßƒ

°v Aß-bn¬ Z¿in-°p-hm≥ km[n

°p∂p. Aßp aqe-amWv Rßƒ°p

A√m-lp-hns\ ]m]n-°p-hm≥ km[n-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

A√tbm ]hm-NI tijvTm,

Aßp ImcWw Rß-ƒ tijvT kap-

Zm-b-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. Aß-bpsS Im¬

sh-bv]n-t\m-sSm∏w Rßƒ apt∂-dn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

a\p-jy-sc¥v? ae-°p-Iƒ IqSn

Rm\p-b¿Øp∂ Cu kvXpXn KoX-

anXm G‰p-]mSns°m≠n-cn-°p∂p. (B-

bn-\sb Iam-emsØ Ckvemw)

Aßs\ \o≠p \o≠p t]mIp∂p

lkvdØv AlvaZv Xs‚ bP-am-\-

\mb l: apl-Ω-Zns\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm-

≠v-A-d-_n, m¿kn, D¿Zp mj-I-fn¬

cNn® Ihn-X-Iƒ.

AsX, lkvdØv apl-Ω-Zns‚ (G-

‰hpw A[nIw kvXpXn-°-s∏-´-bmƒ)

AlvaZv (G-‰hpw kvXpXn-°p∂

Bƒ) Xs∂-bmWv hmKvZØ alvZn

akolv!

Npcp-°-Øn¬ aivlq-Zmb lkvd

Øv apl-ΩZp \_n (k) °p imln-

ZmbhXo¿Æ-cmb lkvdØv AlvaZv

(A) Xs‚ imlnZv F∂ ZuXyw ]cn-

]q¿Æ-amb \ne -bn¬ ]q¿Øn -

bm°nbncn-°p-∂p.

D]-cyp‡ Bb-Øn¬ XpS¿∂v

A√mlp Acpƒ sNøp-∂p.

""han≥ J_venln InXm-_p-aqkm

Cam-a≥ hd-lva-Ø≥.''

At±-l-Øn\p apºv aqkm \_n-

bpsS KŸw hgn-Im-ńbpw Imcp-

Wyhpw Bbn h∂n-´p-≠v. ChnsS

lkvdØv aqkm \_n (A) lkvdØv

dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n (k) bpsS BK-a-

\-sØ-°p-dn®v sNbvX ]h-N-\-ß-

fmWv kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

as‰mcp ÿeØv A√mlp Acpƒ

sNøp-∂p. \o ]d-bp-I. \nßƒ Nn¥n-

®n- pt≠m. CXv (Jp¿-B≥) A√m-lp-

hns‚ ]°¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-Ibpw

\nßƒ AXp \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvsX-¶n¬ (F-X-amXw \n¿`m-Ky-

amb Imcy-am-bn-cn-°pw) F∂m¬

Ckm-bo¬ k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp

km£n (aq-km) X\n°v kZr-i-\mb

Hcm-sf-°p-dn®p km£n ]d-bp-Ibpw

Aßs\ At±lw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. ]s£ (B ]h-NnX alm-

flm-hmb apl-Ω-Zp-\_n h∂-t∏mƒ)

\nßƒ Alw-`mhw ImWn®p (A-

t±-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn).

AI-an-I-fmb Bfp-Isf A√m-lp-

t\¿h-gn-bm-em-°p-I-bn-√. (46:11)

XpS¿∂p A√mlp ]d-bp-∂p.


""CXn-\p-apsº Hcp hgn-Im-ńbpw

Hcp Imcp-Wy-hp-ambn aqkm-bpsS

KŸ-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.'' (46:13)

ChnsS hfsc hy‡-amb \ne-bn¬

_\o Ck-bo-ense alm-\mb ]hm-

N-I≥ lkvdØv aqkm \_n (A)

lkvdØv \_o-I-cn-ans\ kw_-‘n®v

km£n ]d-™-Xm-bn, AXm-bXv

X\n°p tijw X\n°p kZr-i-\mbn

BK-X-\m-Im-\n-cn-°p∂ Hcp kXym

flm-hns\°pdn®v kphn-tijw \¬In-

b-Xmbn ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.

lkvdØv aqkm \_n (A) tbmSp

A√mlp C]-Imcw Acpƒ sNbvX-

Xmbn ss__nƒ ]d-bp-∂p: ""AXm-

b-Xv, \ns∂-t∏mse Hcp ]hm-N-Is\

Rm≥ Ah¿°v Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-

∑m-cpsS CS-bn¬ \n∂v Fgp-t∂-ev]n®v

Fs‚ hN-\-ßsf Ahs‚ \mhn-

t∑¬ B°pw. Rm≥ Ah-t\mSv

Iev]n-°p-∂-sXm-s°bpw Ah≥ Ah-

tcmSp ]d-bpw. Ah≥ Fs‚ \ma-

Øn¬ ]d-bp∂ Fs‚ hN-\-ßƒ

bmsXm-cp-Ø-s\-¶nepw tIƒ°m-Xn-cp-

∂m¬ Ah-t\mSp Rm≥ tNmZn-°pw.

F∂m¬ Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ Rm≥ Ah-

t\mSp Iev-]n-°mØ hN\w Fs‚

\ma -Øn¬ Al-¶m -c -tØmsS

]kvXm-hn-°p-Itbm A\y-ssZ-h-ß-

fpsS \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm

sNbvXm¬ B ]hm-N-I≥ ac-W-

in£ A\p -hn-°-Ww''. (Bh¿Ø\

]pkvXIw 18:18-˛20) ]kvXpX ]h-

N-\-Øns‚ km£m¬°mcw lkvd

Øv apl-ΩZp \_n (k) Xncp -

ta\nbmsW∂v \n w-ibw a\- n-em-

°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

l: apkm-\_n (A) sbt∏m-se-

bp≈ At±-l-Øn\p kZr-iy-\mb

]hm-N-I-\m-bn-cn-°pw B hcp∂

Bƒ. CXv kw_-‘n®p hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ -A-cpƒ sNøp-∂p.

""^n¿-Hus‚ ASp-°-te°v \mw

Hcp ZqXs\ (aq-km-sb) Ab-®-Xp-

t]mse \nßƒ°v km£n-bmbn

\nß-fn-te°v Hcp ZqXs\ (ap-l-ΩZv

\_n-sb) \mw Ab-®-cn-°p-∂p.''

(73:16)

]kvXpX ]h-N-\-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS

ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw Hcp ]hm-

N-Is\ Ab-°p-sa-∂Xv sIm≠p≈

hnh-£nXw Ckm-bn¬ k¥-Xn-I-

fpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmb Ckvam-bn¬

k¥-Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Hcp ]hm-N-

Is\ Ab-°p-sa-∂mWv. AsX ˛

lkvdØv apl-ΩZp \_n (k) Ckm-

bn¬ ]c-º-cbn¬ \n∂-√, Ckvambn¬

]c-º-c-bn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ alm-flm-

hmWv.

"Fs‚ h-N-\-ßsf Ahs‚ \mhn-

t∑¬ B°pw' F∂ ]kvXpX ]h-

N-\-Øn¬ ]d-™Xv l: \_n Icnw

(k) Xncp-ta-\n-sb-°p-dn®v ""At±lw

kzt—bm kwkm-cn-°p-∂n-√. At±-

l-Øn\v t_m[\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂

Znhy-k-tµ-i-a-√msX'' (53. 4,5) F∂p

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Acpƒ sNøp-∂p.

""Ah≥ Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂

hN-\-ßƒ'' F∂Xv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-

\nse Hmtcm A≤ym-bhpw (kqd:

Xu_ Hgn-sI)-A-√-lp-hns‚ Xncp-\m-

a -Øn¬ Bcw-`n -°p -∂-Xn -te°p

kqN\ \¬Ip-∂p.

Npcp -°-Øn¬ ss__n-fnse

]kvXpX kphn-tij ]h-N-\w l:

aqkm-\_n (A) X\n°p kZr--i-\mbn

hcp∂ l: apl-ΩZp \_n (k) bn¬

]cn-]q¿Øn-bm-bn-cn -°p-∂p F∂

bmYm¿∞yw kv]jvS-am-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ D]-cyp‡ Jp¿-B-

\nI hN-\-Øn¬ l. aqkm-\-_n-bpsS

]h-N-\Øn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´

]hm-N-I≥ Camapw dlvaØpw (en¬-

B-e-an≥) Bbn h∂ l: apl-ΩZp

\_n-bpsS BK-a-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-

]q¿Øn-b-S-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

AtX-]-Imcw mhn-bn¬ hcm-\n-cn-

°p∂ alm-\mb ssZh-\n-bp-‡\pw

l: apl-ΩZp \_n (k) bn¬ \n∂pw

Bflob ]Imiw Dƒs°m≠v

Ckvemw aX-tk-h-I-\mbn Ah-X-cn®

Bfp-amb l: AlvaZmWv imlnZp

F∂ hm°p-sIm-≠p≈ hnh£nXw

F∂p a\- n-em-hp-∂p.

Npcp -°-Øn¬ kqd:lpZn¬

]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ Bb-Øn¬ aq∂p

Imcy-ß-fmWv ]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv.

1. ssZhn-I-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ A[n-

jvTn-X-amb lkvdØv dkq¬ Icnw

(k) bpsS al-\ob hy‡n-Xzw.

2. B ]pWym-flm-hn-s\-°p-dn®v

At±-lsØ ]n¥p-S¿∂p BK-X-\mb

l: hmKvZØ akn-lns‚ e£yw.

3 . At± -l-sØ-°p -dn -®p≈

lkvdØv aqkm-\-_nbpsS ]h-N-\w.

AsX ˛ 1. A^-a≥ Im\ Aem

_øn-\-Øn≥ an≥-d∫nln F∂-Xp-

sIm≠v lkvdØv dkq¬ Xncp-

ta\nbpw.

2. hbXvep-lp-im-ln-Zp≥ an≥lp

F∂-Xp-sIm≠v lkvdØv hmKvZØ

alvZn akolpw

3. han≥ J_venln InXm_p

aqkm Cam-a≥ hdlvaØ≥ F∂-Xp-

sIm≠v l: \_n Xncp-ta-\nsb°pdn-

®p≈ lkvdØv aq-km-\-_nbpsS ]h-

N-\-ß-fp-amWv Dt±-iyw.

apl-ΩZv \_n (k)

Hm \_n, \mw \ns∂ Hcp km£nbpw kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø

Adn-bn-°p-∂-h\pw Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂-h-\p-ambn Ab-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ Iev]-\-b-\p-k-cn®v Ah-\n-te°v £Wn-

°p∂ Bfmbpw ]Imiw \¬Ip∂ hnf-°mbpw (\n-s∂ Ab-

®n-cn-°p-∂p.)

hn. Jp¿-B≥ (33:46,47)

n


\ho-b-XbpsS kuµ-cy-hpw,

kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ DZmcXbpw

CkvemanI \oXn k¶ev]

Øn¬ \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂p. Znhy-amb

tkmX- n¬\n∂pw Dcphw sIm≈p

∂ aX-kzm-X-¥ysØ kw_-‘n-®p

≈ Ckv emanI aqeyk¶-ev]-ßƒ

F√m cmjvSob am\-hob ÿm]-\-

ß-tfbpw ]`m-hn-X-am-°m≥ amXw

k¿§m-fl-Ihpw a\p-jys‚ kz—-amb

[m¿ΩnI kXzØn\v A\p-tbm-Py-

hpam-Wv. \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂v ]d-bs´

apkvenw cmPy-ß-fn¬ Ckveman-I-sa

∂ t]cn¬ C∂v ImWp∂ c-W-IqS-

ßƒ a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ß-fpsS Iim-∏p-

im-e-Ifpw ap√-am-cpsS at\m-ssh-Ir-

X-ß-fpsS t]XKrl-ß-fp-am-Wv. a[y-

Im-e-Øn s‚ ab-°-Øn¬ \n∂p-

W¿∂n-ń-√mØ t`mj-∑m-cmb cmPm-

°-∑m-cpw ssk \nI Na-bßfn¬

hn`q-jn-Xcmb GIm-[n-]-Xn-Ifpw a\p-

jy-Xz-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmb aX-t\-Xr-Xzhpw

IqSn-bmWv apkvenw cmPy-ß-fnse c-

W-°q-S-ßƒ ]¶n-Sp-∂-Xv. a\p-jym-h-

Im-i-ß-sf-°p-dnt®m km¿∆-eu-In-I-

amb \oXo k¶-ev]-ß-sf-°p-dnt®m

a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ hne-tb-°p-dnt®m

Ah¿°-dn-bn-√.

aXw F∂Xv G‰hpw hnImc ]Z-

am-Wv. F√m aX-ßfpw Bfl-\n-b-¥-

Ww ]men-°m\pw hnth-I-a-Xn-bm-

hm\pw a\p-jys\ D]-tZin-°p-∂p-sh-

¶nepw aX hnizm-kn-I-fpsS s]mXp-

a\-»mkvXw ]e-t∏mgpw as‰m-∂m-Wv.

bp‡n-t_m-[-an -√msX hnImcw

sIm≈p-Ibpw hnth-N-\-c-ln-X-ambn

s]cp-am-dp-I-bp-am-Wv ]e aX-k-aq-l-

ß-fptSbpw ioew. AXp-sIm≠v qcn-

]-£-Øns‚ aX-tØm-sSm∏w Xs∂

\yq\-]-£o--bcmb A\y-a-XsØ kw

_-‘n®pw a‰p aX hn`m-K-ßsf kw

_-‘n®pw Hcp cmPyw \n¿Ωn-°p∂

\nb-a-ßƒ B cmPy-Øns‚ \oXn

k¶-ev]-Øns‚ Dc-°-√m-bn-am-dp-∂p.

apkvenw cmPy-ß-fnse aX kzmX-

¥y-Øns‚ \ne Atß-b-‰w A]-e-

]-\o-bhpw a\p-jy-Xz-hn-cp-≤-hp-am-Wv.

an° apkvenw cmPy-ßfpw cmP- -c-W-

ßfpsS ]nSn-bn-em-Wv. c-W-L-S-\b-

tb-°mƒ cmPm-hns‚ CwKn-X-ßfpw

Iev]-\-I-fp-amWv AhnsS \nbaw

A\y-a-X-ÿ¿t°m, cmP-a-X-tØmSv

hntbm-Pn∏p≈h¿t°m AhnsS kzX-

¥-ambn Pohn-°m≥ km[y-a√ ssZh

sØ a‰p-≈-hsc sIm≠v Bcm-[n-

∏n°m≥ "apX∆' F∂ aX-t∏m-eo-

kns\ sh® cmPy-amb kDu-Zn Atd

_y Xs∂ CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-Ww. cmPm-

°-∑mcpw ]Sp-bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-I-cmb ap√-

amcpw tN¿∂v AhnsS \S-Øp∂

Ahn-lnX thgv®-bmWv CkvemanI

hmgv® F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.

\mw ChnsS N¿® sNøm-\p-t±-in-

°p∂Xv. 56 h¿j-ßƒ°p apºv

\ΩpsS cmPy-tØm-sSm∏w ]pXnb

temI-tØ°v IS∂p h∂ apkvenw

cmjvSamb ]mIn-ÿm-\nse aX

kzmX-¥ysØ kw_-‘n-®m-Wv. Ign

™ Ac-\q-‰m-≠n-\p-≈n¬ \ΩpsS

cmPyØv kpi-‡-amb ]m¿e-sa‚dn

Utam-Ikn \ne-\n∂-t∏mƒ ]mIn-

kvXm\n¬ ]m¿e-sa‚n-t\-°mƒ ]´m-

f-amWv `cn-®-Xv. Ct∏mgpw AhnsS

]´m-f-ta-[mhn Xs∂-bmWv ]c-am-[n-Im-

cn. CXn¬ \n∂p Xs∂ ]m-°nkvXm-

≥ kaq-l-Øns‚ P\m-[n-]-Xy-t_m[w

hy‡-amW--t√m. Ckvemw aX hnizm-

kn-I-fpsS t]cn¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂

]mIn-kvXm-\mtWm AtXm atX-Xc

`mc-X-am-tWm `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambn

CkvemanI aqeyßsf Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-

°p-∂-Xv? C¥y-bnse aX-\yq-\-]

£ßƒs°Xnsc AXn-I-a-ßƒ D

≠m-hp-∂n√ F∂-√ CXn-∂¿∞w.

C¥ybpw ]mIn-kvXm\pw`c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambn BcmWv

Ckveman-t\m-S-SpØv \n¬°p-∂Xv?F. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

am

Ckvemw a\p-jym-flm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ Hcp \nth-Z-\hpw a\- m-£n-bpsS kmaqly ]Im-

i-\-hp-am-Wv. Hcp apkvenw cmPy-Øns‚ \nba cq]-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ ]Xn- -e-\-

ß-fp-≠m-bn-cnt°-≠-Xp≠v. F∂m¬ Ckvemans‚ ]nb-s∏´ Bibamb aX-kzm-

X ¥yw `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-ambn kwc-£n-°p-∂Xv ]mIn-kvXmt\m AtXm C¥ytbm?

teJ\w


AsX√w Bƒ°q- -ß-fptS t\Xr-Xz-

ØnemWv Ac-tß-dp-∂-Xv. c-W-L-S\

\nb-a-ßƒ DØ-chm-Zn-b-√. \nbaw

Xs∂ \oXn-hn-cp-≤-am-bm¬ F¥p sN

øpw. ChnsS `m¥v Nß-e-°m-Wv. C

kvemanse aX-kzm-X¥y k¶ ev]w

]cn-tim-[n-®p-sIm≠v AXv C¥ybpw

]mIn-kvXm-\p-ambn \ap°v Xmc-Xayw

sNømw.

Ckvemanse

πqcenÃv k¶ev]w

\m\mXzw AYhm sshhn[yw

F∂Xv ssZhw krjvSn® ]Ir-Xn-

bn¬ \nd™p \n¬°p∂ Hcp ]Xn-

`m-k-am-Wv. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw AXv

a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Ønepw ]Xn- -en-°p-

∂p. a\p-jy-hwiw H∂mWv F∂

s]mXp-[m-c-W-bn¬ Jp¿-B≥ Cu

sshhn-[y-ßsf Hcp bmYm¿∞y-ambn

AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. " Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-

¥-ß-fn¬ s]´-Xm-Wv, BIm-i-ß-fp-

sSbpw qan-tb-bpw krjvSn∏pw \nß-

fpsS `mj-I-fp-tSbpw h¿Æ-ß-fp-

tSbpw sshhn-[yhpw. Xo¿®-bmbpw

AXn¬ Adn-hp-≈-h¿°v ]e ZrjvSm-

¥-ß-fp-ap-≠v. (30:23) "a\p-jy-sc,

Xo¿®-bmbpw \nßsf BWn¬

\n∂pw s]Æn¬ \n∂p-ambn krjvSn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. \nßsf hnhn[ kap-Zm-

b-ßfpw tKmX-ß-fp-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

\nßƒ ]c-kv]cw Adn-bm≥ th≠n'

(49:14) `mj, hwiw, h¿Æw, aXw,

XpSßn ]Ir-Xn-bpw kaq-lhpw

tN¿∂v temI P\-X-I-fn¬ krjvSn-

°p∂ \m\m-hn-[-Ønep≈ sshhn-[y-

ßƒ kwL¿j-ß-fn-√msX cay-a-t\m-

l-c-ambn ka-\z-bn-∏n-°pI km[y-

amtWm F∂ At\z-j-W-amWv πqc-

enkw AYhm _lp-kz-cX F∂

kmaq-ly-Z¿i\w sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-

∂-Xv. _lp-tZ-io-b-Xbpw _lp-a-X-

ßfpw _lp- m-j-I-fp-ap≈ P\m-[n-]-

Xy-cm-Py-ßƒ πqc-enÃv k¶-ev]-ß-

fpsS ]co-£W thZn-I-fm-Wv.

Ckvemans‚ kmaq-lnI \oXnsb

kw_-‘n® k¶ev]w aqey ][m-\-

amWv. F√m hn`m-Ko-b-X-Iƒ°p-a-Xo-

X-ambn a\p-jym-flm-hn-t\mSpw kaql

a\- m£ntbmSpw kwh-Zn -°p∂

Ckvemanse km¿∆ P\o\amb aqey-

k-¶ev]w GsXmcp aX-hn-izm-kn-

tbbpw cmjvSob kmaq-lnI ÿm]-

\-ß-tfbpw ]`m-hn-X-am-°m≥ ]cym-

]vX-am-Wv. aX-]-c-amb _lp-kz-c-X-

tbmSv Ckvemw A\ph¿Øn-°p∂

kln-jvWpX A¤p-X-I-c-am-Wv.

Bflob ]Xn-_-≤X-tbmsS G‰hpw

Bflm¿∞-ambn Ckvemw D∂-bn-°p-

∂ Cu _lpXz ho£Ww apkvenw

De-am-°-∑mcpw apkvenw cmjvS-ßfpw

\mfn-Xp-hsc Xpd-∂p-Im-´p-Itbm

t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn- n√.

I£nt∏mcn¬ G¿s∏ v ]£w ]nSn®v

apkvenwI-fn¬ s]´h-¿ Xs∂ A]-

cs\ Im^n¿ (A-hn-izm-kn) Bbn

]Jym-]n®p sIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Xnc-

°n¬ A\y-a-X-ÿsc ]‰n Jp¿-B≥

]d™ \√ A`n-]m-b-ßƒ apkvenw

aX-]-WvUn-X-∑m¿°v ImWmt\m

A\ysc ImWn-°mt\m t\c-sa-hn-sS?

A\y-a-X-ß-fpsS ssZhn-I-amb Dd-

hn-SsØ H∂m-a-Xmbn Ckvemw kXy-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. temIØv F√m kap-

Zm-b-ß-fnepw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ h∂n-´p-

s≠∂pw Ah¿ t]jWw sNbvX

aXw ssZh-t]m-‡-am-bn-cp-∂psh∂pw

Jp¿-B≥ Bh¿Øn®p ]d-bp-∂p.

""F√m Hmtcm kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw Hmtcm

am¿§-Z¿i-I≥ h∂p Ign-™n- p-≠v. ''

(13:8). AØcw aX ]pcp-j-∑m¿°nS-

bn¬ bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw Iev]n-

°≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv Jp¿-Bs‚

\n¿t±-iw. "A√m-lp-hn-s‚ ZqX-∑m¿

°nS -bnepw Rßƒ hyXymkw

Iev]n-°p-∂n√' (2:250). km[mcW

KXn-bn¬ Hcp aX-KŸw AXns‚

A\p-bm-bn-Isf amXsa \√-h-cmbn

NnXo-I-cn-°mdp-≈q. apkvenwI-fpsS

aX-K-Ÿ-amb hn. Jp¿-B≥ A\y-a-X-

ÿ-cmb InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw blq-

Zn-I-sfbpw km_n-D-I-tfbpw t]sc-

SpØv ]cm-a¿in°p-Ibpw Ah-cnse

bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw k¬°

¿Ω-Im-cn-Iƒ°pw Bflob amb kp

hn-ti-jhpw km¥z-\hpw \¬IpI

bpw sNøp∂p. Jp¿Bs‚ Cu

hnime a\-kvIX Bcpw i≤n-°m

sX t]mIp-∂Xv FX-amXw Zp:JI-c-

amWv. B hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s\-bmWv

Acp¨ jqdnsb t]mse-bp≈

h¿§ob Ak-lnjvWpX ]pe¿Øp

∂ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ hna¿in-°p-∂-Xv.

""hniz-kn-®-hcpw blq-Zn-Ifpw km_n-

D-Ifpw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw (A-h-cn¬

\n∂v) B¿ A√m-lp-hnepw A¥y-\m-

fnepw hniz-kn--°p-Ibpw k¬]-hr

Øn-Iƒ sNøpIbpw sNøp-∂pthm

Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿°v bmsXmcp

`bhpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Ah¿ hyk-

\n-°p-∂-h-cp-a-√.'' (5:70). ChnsS "km

_n' F∂ ]Zw InkvXym-\n-Ifpw

blq-Zn -I-fp -a -√mØ (sk-an‰n -°-

√mØ) F√m aX-hn-`m-K-ß-tfbpw

hnti-jn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp ]Z-am-Wv. C¥y-

bnse lnµp, _p≤, ssP\-a-X-ÿcpw

kc-Xp-jvS I¨^yq-jkv aX-°mcpw

km_n aX-°m-cmbn hnti-jn-∏n-°mw.

as‰mcp hN-\-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-

∂p. " XudmØpw (b-lq-Zn-I-fpsS

thZ-KŸw) C©oepw (In-kvXym-\n-

I-fpsS thZ-KŸw ˛ ss_-_nƒ ]p

Xnb \nb-aw) Ah-cpsS \mY-\n¬

\n∂v Cd-°-s∏-´Xpw Ah¿ apd-]-

Imcw ]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-¶n¬ Ah¿ Xß-fpsS ta¬`m-KØv

\n∂pw Ah-cpsS Imep-I-fpsS Iogv m-

K-Øp-\n∂pw `£n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

(5:67) Ckvemw aXw hniz-kn-°m-Ø-

h-cn¬ kmXzn-Icpw ssZh-`-‡cpw

Ds≠-∂mWv Jp¿-Bs‚ \ne-]mSv

"Ah¿ F√m-hcpw Hcp t]mse-b-√.

Dd-®p-\n¬°p∂ Hcp hn`mKw Bfp-

Iƒ KŸm-\p-km-cn-I-fn-ep-≠v. (A-\y-

a-X-ÿ-cn¬) Ah¿ cmXn-k-a-b-ß-fn¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ßƒ HmXp-I

bpw kmjvSmwKw ]W-an-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Ah¿ A√mlphnepw A

¥y-\m-fnepw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw k¬

°m-cy-ßƒ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw \njn≤-

Im-cy-ßƒ hne-°pI-Ibpw k¬°m-

cy-ß-fn¬ Al-a-l-an-Ibm apt∂-dn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p. Ah¿

kZvhrØ-cn¬s∏´-h-cp-am-Ip-∂p.'


(3:115) A\y-a-X-ÿcnse kmXzn-I-

cpsS Bflo-b-amb Ah-ÿsb

kw_-‘n®v hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ ]mam-

WnI-amb \ne-]mSv ]kvXpX hN-\-

ß-fn¬ ]I-S-am-Wv. Bflob-amb

kXy-k-‘-X-tbmsS Jp¿-B≥ ap

t∂m´v sh°p∂ Cu πqc-enÃv k¶

ev]w FX-amXw BZ-c-Wo-b-am-Wv.

aX-kzm-X¥yw Ckveman¬

aX-kzm-X-¥ysØ kw_-‘n®v

G‰hpw DZm-c-amb Hcp kao-]-\-amWv

Ckvemw kzoI-cn°p∂-Xv. GsXmcp

aXhpw kzoI-cn-°m-\pw, AXv BN-

cn-°m\pw AXv ]N-cn-∏n-°m\pw kzta-

[bm AXn¬ \n∂v hn´p-t]m-cm\pw,

hy‡nsb A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa-∂mWv

Ckvemans‚ \ne-]m-Sv. hy‡nbpw

ssZh-hp-am-bp-≈ Cu CS-]mSv hy‡n-

bpsS kz—-µ-amb Xocp-am-\-Øn\v

amXw hnt[-b-am-Wv. a‰v _mly-amb

i-‡n-Iƒ°v AXn¬ CS-s]Sm≥

bmsXmcp A[n-Im-c-hp-an-√. "aX-Øn¬

bmsXm-cp-hn[ _em¬°m-c-hp-an√'

(2:257) F∂ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]Jym-X-amb

]Jym-]\w aX-kzm-X-¥y-Øns‚ ]c-

a-amb \oXn-bpsS ]Im-i-\-am-Wv. \nc-

h[n ÿe-ß-fn¬ Jp¿-B≥ ]e hn[-

Ønepw kzmX¥y ]Jym-]\w

Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. ""\ns‚ \mY≥ C—n-

°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw qan-bn-

ep-≈-h-sc√mw H∂mbn hniz-kn-°p-am-

bn-cp-∂p F∂n-cns° Bfp-Iƒ hnizm-

kn-I-fm-bn-Øo-cm≥ \n\°v _ew

]tbm-Kn-°m-\m-hptam? (10:100) "]d-

bpI, CXv \ns‚ \mY-\¬ \n∂p≈

kXy-k-tµ-i-am-Ip-∂p. CjvS-ap-≈-h≥

hniz-kn-°s´, CjvS-an-√m-Ø-h≥

Ahn-iz-kn-°s´, (18:30) apkvenw cmPy-

ß-ƒ°v Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu hnime

ho£Ww Dƒs°m-≈m-\m-bn√. Jp¿-

B≥ GsX√mw aqey-ß-fmtWm

Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®Xv AXns‚ \ntj-[m-

flI aqey-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p apkvenw cmPy-

ßsf kzm[o-\n-®-Xv.

Jmbn-sZ-AAvkw apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂-

bpsS aX kzmX¥y k¶-ev]waX-km-ap-Zm-bnI kv]¿≤bpsS

t]cn¬ D≠mb Zu¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb hn -

P-\-Øn\v tijw 1947 ¬ C¥y-bn¬

\n∂pw Hcp tZiw shń-am-‰ns°m≠v

]mIn-kvXm≥ \ne-hn¬ h∂p. ]mIn-

kvXms‚ A\n-tj[y t\Xm-hm-bn-cp

∂ JmCusZ AAvkw apl-ΩZen Pn

∂ Id-I-f™ Hcp sk°p-e-cn-Ãm-bn-

cp-∂p F∂ hkvXpX \Ωn¬ ]e-tc

bpw A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øpw. XnI™

tIm¨K- p-Im-c-\m-bn, cmjvSob

PohnX amcw-`n® Pn∂sb ]n∂oSv

kzm[o-\n-®Xv aX-km-ap-Zm-bn-I-hm-Z-am-

bn-cp-∂p. Pn∂ Hcn°epw aX cmjvS-

au-enIhmZn-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]mIn-kvXm

s‚ tZiob \bw aXm-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-

cp-∂n √ F∂mWv Pn∂-bpsS Nn¥-

bnepw hm°nepw ]hrØnbnepw apg-

®p-\n-∂-Xv. 1946 ¬ \yqU¬ln-bn¬

tdmbn- ¿ ]X-Øns‚ Id-kvt]m-≠‚ v

Uqw Imw_-√n\v A\p-h-Zn® Hcp A`n-

ap-J-Øn¬ At±lw ]d-™p. "P\-

ß-fn¬ ]c-am-[n-Imcw \n£n-]vX-am-

bXpw aX]-ctam PmXo -b -tam,

hnizmk ]am -W-] -ctam Bb

bmsXmcp ]cn-K-W-\-bp-an-√msX ]uc-

∑m¿°v Xpeym-h-Im-i-ap≈ B[p\nI

P\m-[n-]Xy cmPy-am-bn-cn°pw Rß-

fpsS ]mIn-kvXm≥' (D≤-cWn FromJinnah to Zia' Muhammed Munir - P.29)

]mIn-kvXms‚ cq]o-I-cW Ime

Øv s]mXp-cm-jvSo-b-cw-KØv ]Xy-£-

s∏-SmsX ImWm-a-d-bØv \n∂n-cp∂

aX-cm-jvS auenI hmZ-Øns‚ Icnw-

`q-X-ßsf a\-:°-Æn¬ I≠ ]Xn- m-

im-en-bmb apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂ 1947

BKÃv 11- mw XobXn ]mIn-kvXms‚

tIm¨Ãn-‰yq-h‚ v A…wªnbn¬

sh®v `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS \b-]-Jym-

]\w \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXn¬

]mIn-kvXm≥ `c-W-L-S\ ]q¿W-

ambpw sk°p-e¿ Bbn-cn-°p-sa∂v

At±lw ]mIn-kvXm≥ P\-X°v Dd∏v

\¬In-bn-cp-∂p.

""\mw ]pXnb ]h¿Ø\w Bcw-

`n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ka-b-I-a-a-\p-k-

cn®v lnµp-°-ƒ apkvenwI-ƒ F∂o

`qcn-]£ kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS hn`-P-\-

ßƒ A]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Imc

Ww apkvenwIƒ F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ

\nßƒ ]©m-_n-bpw, inbmbpw

kp∂nbpw a‰p-am-Wv. lnµp-°-fm-Is´

\nßƒ _m“-W-cpw, sshjvW-h\pw

JXnbpw AXp-t]mse _wKm-fnbpw

aZm-knbpw a‰p-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-

sIm≠v Cu hn -P-\-ß-sf√mw A]-

Xy-£-am-Ipw.Xo¿®-bmbpw C¥y-bpsS

kzmX¥y-Øn\p ap∂n¬ G‰hpw

henb hn-e-ßp-XSn CXm-bn-cp∂p

sh∂v \nßƒ ]d-bp-sa-¶n¬. CsXm-

gn-hm-°n-s°m≠v \mw hfsc aptº

kzX-¥-cm-tI-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p....

....... -A-Xp-sIm≠v \mw CXn¬

\n∂pw Hcp ]mTw ]Tn-°-Ww. \nßƒ

XnI®pw kzX-¥cmWv. Cu ]m°n-

ÿm≥ cmPyØv \nßƒ°v Aº-e-

Øn¬ t]mImw. \nßƒ°v \nß-

fpsS ]≈n-I-fn¬ t]mImw. \nß-fpsS

GXv Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fnepw t]mImw.

\nßƒ°v GXv aX-hpw, PmXn-bpw, hn-

izmk ]am-W-ß-fpw ssIsIm-≈mw.

AsXm∂pw Xs∂ cmjvS-Øns‚

hnjba-√. (k-Z - n¬ \n∂pw

kt¥mjmc-hw).

........-bm-sXmcp ]£-]m-Xn-Xz-ß-fp-

an-√mØ Cu kpZn-\-Øn¬ \mw kam-

cw- n-°p-I-bm-Wv, Hcp aX-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn

¬ \n∂pw `n∂-ambn as‰mcp kap-Zm-

btØmtSm PmXn-Iƒ XΩntem hn-

izm-k-]-am-W-ßƒ XΩntem ChnsS

bmsXmcp ]£-]m-Xn-Xz-ß-fp-an-√. Hcp

cmPy-Ønse Xpeym-h-Im-i-ap≈ ]uc-

∑m¿ F∂ XXz-sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am

°n \ap°v ]h¿Øn-°mw. (ssI-øSn).

......... \ΩpsS apºn¬ ka¿∏n-°-

s∏´ Cu BZ¿i-ßƒ \mw amXr-I-

bm-°Ww. Aßns\bmsW-¶n¬

Ime-I-taW lnµp lnµp-h-√m-Xm-

Ip∂Xpw apkvenw apkvena-√m-sX-bm-

hp-∂Xpw \nßƒ°v ImWmw. aX-]-

c-amb A¿∞-Øn-e√ Rm\nXv ]d-

bp∂Xv. Imc-Ww aXw a\p-jys‚

hy‡n-]-c-amb Imcy-am-Wv. cmjvSo-bm

¿∞-Øn¬ \msa√mw Hcp cmPy-

Ønse ]uc-∑m-cmWv F∂ A¿∞-


Øn-emWv Rm\nXv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.''

(D≤cWn: From Jinna to Zia -Muhammed Munir).

aX-kzmX¥yw: kDu-Znbpw

]mIn-kvXm\pw XΩn¬ Htc-‰p-ap- ¬

atX-X-c-hm-Zn-bmb (sk-°p-e-dnÃv)

Pn∂mkm-ln-_ns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬

cq]w sIm≠v ]mIn-kvXm≥ aX-kzm-

X-¥y-Øn\v th≠n A¥¿tZ-iob

Xe-Øn¬ sNbvX tkh-\-ßƒ°qSn

\mw IW-°n-se-Sp-°-Ww.

A¥¿tZ-iob Xe-Øn¬ aX-kzm-

X-¥y-sØ-°p-dn®v N¿® sNbvXn-cp∂

Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. a\p-jys‚ ASn-

ÿm-\-]-c-amb kzmX¥yw F∂

\ne°v sFIy-cm-jvS-k` 1947 ¬ a\p-

jym-h-Imi ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬ aX-kzm-

X-¥y-sØ-]-‰n-bp-≈ amXrIm am\Iw

(Norm) B¿ń-°nƒ 18, 19 Bbn Fgp

Xn tN¿-°pI-bp-≠m-bn. a\p-jym-h-

Imi ]Jym-]-\ -am-\Iw Xøm-dm-°p

∂ sFIy-cmjvS k`-bpsS P\-d¬

Akw-ªn-bn¬ sh®v aX-kzm-X¥yw

F∂ hnj-bsØ A[n-I-cn®v \S∂

N¿®-bn¬ bmYm-ÿn-XnI apkvenw

cmP- -c-W°qSamb kDuZn Atd-_y-

bpsS ]Xn-\n-[nbpw ]mIn-kvXm≥

]Xn-\n-[nbpw XΩn¬ cq£-amb hmZ-

]-Xn-hmZw \-S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]mIn-

kvXms\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®Xv temI

]ivkX \nb-a-⁄≥ b»:-i-co-c-\mb

k¿ k-^dp-√mlv Jm\m-bn-cp-∂p.

"Hcmƒ aXw amdp-∂Xv ico-AØv

]Imcw \njn-≤-amWv' F∂m-bn-cp∂p

kDuZn ]Xn-\n-[n-bpsS \ne-]m-Sv.

AXp-sIm≠p kDuZn ]Xn-\n[n aX-

]-cn-h¿Ø-\m-h-Im-isØ AXn-i-‡-

ambn FXn¿°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. a\p jy

kzmX-¥ysØ Atß-b‰w hne-a-Xn-

°p∂ ]cn-ip≤ Ckvemans‚ t]cn¬

a\p-jy-Xz-hn-cp-≤hpw ]Xn-tem-a-I-c-hp-

amb \ne-]mSp kzoI-cn® kDuZn

Atd-_y-s°-Xnsc Ckvem ans‚ hoc-

t]m-cm-fn-bmb k¿ k- -dp-√m-lvJm≥

kS-Ip-S-s™-gp-t∂-‰p. Xs‚ ]Jym-

X-amb ]Xn-`m -hn -em-k-tØmsS

kDuZn Atd-_y-bpsS bmYm-ÿn-

XnI hnXWvU hmZØns\-Xnsc P\-

d-¬ Akw-ªn-bn¬ k¿ k-^dp-√m-

lvJm≥ K¿÷n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

At±lØns‚ ]kwKw Hcp bq-tdm-

]y≥ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ D≤cn-®Xv C]-

Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.

""Nn¥m-kzm -X-¥y-Øn-s‚bpw

hnizmk kzmX--¥y-Øn-t‚bpw B¿ń

°ƒ 18, 19 ¬ ]d™ F√m kz-mX-

¥y-ß-fp-sSbpw i‡-\mb h‡m-hm-

Wv ]mIn-kvXm≥. Cu hnj-b-Øns‚

Nne ho£-W-ßƒ Ckvemans‚

Bflm-`n-am-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´Xm

sW∂ \ne°v ]mIn-kvXm≥ ]Xn-

\n[n kw L-Øn\v Cu ]iv\ Øn¬

]tXyI Xmev]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p....

Ckvemw aXw a\- m£n kzm X-¥y-

Øn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw Ak∂n-Kv≤-

ambn ]Jym-]\w sNøp-∂p. aX

hnizmk Imcy-Øntem aXmN-cW Im

cy-Øntem bmsXm-cp-hn[ \n¿_-‘

hpw ]mSn-s√∂pw Ckvemw ]Jym-]n-

°p-∂p.'' (D≤cWn: Human Right andConflict of Cultures - by David Little etal.P. 168 -2001)

kDu-Zn-bpsS _p≤n-iq-\y-amb

ap√m-bnkw Ah-K-Wn®v B¿ń-°nƒ

18, 19 a\p-jym-h-Imi ]Jym-]-\-Øn¬

Fgp-Xn-t®¿°m≥ P\-d¬ Akwªn

Xocp-am-\n-®p.

C¥y≥ `c-W-L-S-\bpw

aX-kzm-X-¥yhpw

]uc\v CjvS-ap≈ aXw hniz-kn-

°m\pw BN-cn-°m\pw ]N-cn-∏n-

°m\pw hn´p-t]m-cm-\p-ap≈ kzm X

¥yw C¥y≥ c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ ]cn-c-

£n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvemw aX-Øn s‚

]nb-s∏´ Cu aqey-ßƒ°v \nb a

cq]w \¬In kwc-£Ww \¬Inb

C¥y≥ `cWLS\ B A¿∞-Øn

¬ CkvemanIamWv F∂p ]d-bp-∂-

Xn¬ sX‰p-≠m-hn-s√∂p Icp-Xp-∂p.

\ΩpsS c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 25 apX ¬

28 hsc-bp≈ aX kzmX-¥y-Øn-\p≈

hIp-∏p-Iƒ km¿∆-eu-InI \nb-a-ß-

tfmSpw CkvemanI aqey-ß-tfmSpw

]q¿Æ-ambpw tbmPn-°p-∂p. am\-hXm

hmZn-I-fpw, \oXn-am-∑m-cp-amb C¥y-

bnse c-W-L-S\m inev]n-Iƒ aX

\yq\-]-£-ßƒ°v ]cn-]q¿Æ Xr]vXn

\¬Ip∂ hn[-Øn-ep≈ \oXn-]q¿Æ-

amb Hcp c-W-L-S-\-°m-Wv cq]w \¬

In-b-Xv. lnµp aX-ÿ-cmb Ah¿ aX

]-c-amb k¶p-NnX ho£Ww ]pe¿

Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ C¥y-bnse \yq

\-]-£-ßƒ°v ]mIn-kvXm-\nse C∂

sØ \yq\-]-£-ß-fpsS KXn-bm-bn-cn-

°pw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI F∂ Imcyw

\mw Hm¿t°-≠-Xp-≠v. C¥y≥ c-W-

L-S\m \n¿ΩmW k`-bn¬ ]s¶-

SpØpsIm≠v e£vanIm¥ ssaX

sk°p-e-dn-k-sØ-]‰n ]d™ D÷z-

e-amb A`n]mbw Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp

∂p. "GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn-ep≈ aX-

hn-izmkw ]pe¿Øp∂ Hcmƒs°-Xn-

cmbn aX-Øn-s‚tbm kap-Zm-b-Øn-

s‚tbm t]cn¬ F¥p-X-s∂-bm-

bmepw tÃ‰v ]£-]m-Xn-Xz-sam∂pw

Im´m-s\mcpßpI-bn-s√-∂mWv atX-X-

c-cm-jvS-sa-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Rm≥ a\- n-

em-°p-∂Xv. tÃ‰n¬ Hcp ]tXyI aX-

Øn\pw tÃ‰n-s‚ c£m-[n-Im-cnXzw

Hcp Xc-Ønepw e`n-°n-s√∂v kmcw.

GsX-¶nepw aX-ßsf Hgn-hm°n

s°mt≠m Hcp ]tXyI aXw ÿm]n-

°mt\m AXns‚ c£m-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-

cn-°mt\m AXn\p Zm\w sNømt\m

tÃ‰n\p Dt±iyan-√...... GsX-¶nepw

Hcp ]tXyI aXm-h-ew_\w ]cn-K-

W-\m¿l-am-Ip-Itbm C√. (D-≤cWn:

C¥y≥ c-W-L-S\ tUm. Fw. ]n.

ss]en. t]. 144)

tUm. Awt_-Zv°¿ atX-Xc k¶-

ev]-Øn\v \¬Inb hnh-cWw Cu hn[-

Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. "" GsX-¶n-ep-samcp ]

tXyI aXw a‰p≈ P\-ß-fpsS ta¬

ASn-t®¬∏n-°m≥ ]m¿e-sa‚-dn\v

A¿l-X-bp-≠m-bn-°q-sS∂v amX-amWv

Hcp atX-Xc cmjvS-sa-∂-Xn\v BsI

IqSn-bp≈ A¿∞w. (D-≤cWn: C¥y

≥ c-W-L-S\ tUm. Fw. hn. ss]

en t]. 144)

a‰v sk°p-e¿ `c-W-L-S-\-I-fn¬

t]mepw Im-WmØ hn[w aXw ]N-



£n°Y-Isf AXn-i-bn-∏n-°p-

∂-bX bp‡n-`w-K-ß-fpw,

`mh\m sshNn-Xyßfpw \nd

-™-Xm-Wv BZ-ans‚ krjvSnI-Y bpw

kz¿§-hm-khpw. _p≤n-tb-bpw, bp

‡n-tbbpw ab-°n-°n-S-Øn-b-√msX

Cu IY-Iƒ hniz-kn-°m≥ km[m-c-

W-K-Xn-bn¬ km[y-a-√. amX-a√ a\p-

jys‚ krjvSn-IY \c-hwi-im-kvX-

Øn\pw Xmev]-cy-ap≈ hnj-b-am-Wv.

a\pjy krjvSn ]cn-Wm-a-ßsf∏‰n

Ah¿ apt∂m- p-sh-°p∂ A\n-tj-[y-

amb sXfn-hp-Isf \ap°v Ah-K-

Wn°m≥ km[ya√. ss__nƒ IY-

I-fpsS hnIr-Xm-\p-I-c-W-ß-fmbn

apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p∂ BZ-ans‚

krjvSnIY bp‡n-⁄m-\-Øn-\v hf-

sc-tbsd ]m[m\yw \¬Inb Jp¿-

Bs‚ A¥-:k-Ø°pw Ah-Im-i-hm-

Z-ßƒ°pw \nc-°m-Ø-XmWv. Cu

IY hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n-¬, A

t\Iw kaky-Iƒ°v \mw DØcw

Is≠-tØ-≠n-h-cpw.

BZw \_n (A) Dw l∆mbpw

kz¿§-Øn¬ kpJ kºq¿Æ-amb

PohnXw \bn-®p-t]m-∂p. A√mlp

BZw \_n (A) tbmSp Hcp ]tXyI

acsØ kao-]n-°-cp-sX∂pw AXp

\¬Ip∂ ]gw `£n-°-cp-sX∂pw

B⁄m-]n-®p. Hcp Znhkw ]nim-

Nns‚ Zp¿t∫m-[-\-Øn¬ Ah¿ AI-

s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]kvXpX acsØ kao-

]n-°p-Ibpw AXnse \ntcm-[nX I\n

BZw l∆bpambn ]¶n´v £n-°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. Cu B⁄m ewL \w

A√m-lp-hn¬ tIm[w P\n-∏n-°p-

Ibpw At±-l-sØbpw `mcy-sbbpw

kz¿§Øn¬ \n∂pw qan-bn-te°v ]pd-

Øm-°m≥ AXp Im-cW-am-bnØocp-

Ibpw sNbvXp. At±lw am∏p tNm

Zn-°p-Ibpw ]›m-Øm]w AXn-s‚

aq¿≤\y Zi ]m]n-®-t∏mƒ At±-l-

Øn\v A√mlp s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-

°pIbpw sNbvXp.

BZ-ans\ A√mlp ]hm-N-I-\mbn

\ntbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ B Znhym-

flmhv ]Ya a\p-jy\pw ]Ya ]hm-

N-I-\p-am-bn. At±-lsØ ]hm-N-I-

\mbn \ntbm-Kn® tijw A√mlp

ae-°p-I-tfmSp BZ-ans\ kmjvSmw

Kw ]W-an-°p-hm≥ B⁄ \¬Ip-

Ibpw ae-°p-I-sf√mw kpPpZv sNøp-

Ibpw C_v eokv kpPqZv sNøm-Xn-

cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F¥p-sIm-≠m

Wv C_veokv kpPpZv (km-jvSmwKw

]Wm-aw) sNøm-Xn-cp-∂Xv F∂Xv

kw_-‘n®v A√mlp tNmZyw

sNbvX-t∏mƒ Xm≥ BZ-an-t\°mƒ

F¥p-sIm≠pw tbmKy\pw henb

Bfpw BsW∂pw BZ-ans\ Ifn-a-

Æp-sIm≠pw Xs∂ A·n-sIm-≠p

amWv krjvSn-®-sX∂pw C_veokv hm-

Zn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu A\p-k-c-W-

t°Sv ImcWw C_veokns\ A√m

lp i]n-°p-Ibpw qan-bn-te°v ]pdw-

X-≈p-Ibpw sNbvXp. C_veokv

A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv Hcp hcw Bh-iy-

s∏´p Chn-Sp-∂-tßm´p A¥y-\mƒ

hsc P\-ßsf k¬]-Ÿm-hn¬ \n∂v

XS™p-\n¿Øm-\p≈ A\p-hmZw

tNmZn-®p. Xs‚ kZvhrØ-cmb Bƒ

°m¿°v CXv _m[-I-a√ F∂p ]d-

™p-sIm≠p Cu At]£ A√mlp

kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Aßns\

C_veokns‚ ]h¿Ø\w XpS¿∂p

Ct∏mgpw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

CXbpw tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Hcp-]mSp

tNmZy-ßƒ \ΩpsS apºn¬ Xe

Db¿Øn \n¬°p-∂p.

hnip-≤-Jp-¿Bs‚ ]mT-a-\p-k-cn®p

kz¿§-Øn¬ ]th-in® Bcpw Xs∂

]pd-Øp-t]m-hp -I-bn -√. BKl

kmêy-Øns‚ tKlamb kz¿§

Øn¬ F√m ]g-ßfpw £W ]m\o-

b-ßfpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. kz¿§-

Øn¬ ]nim-Nn\v ]th-i-\-an-√.

BZw \_nsb Hcp ]hm-N-I-\m-bn-

´mWv \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ ChnsS

a\p-jy-cp-≠m-I-Ww. ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ D

s≠-¶nte Hcp A≤ym -] -Is‚

BZw \_n (A) BZy a\p-jyt\m?G. ]n. Ip™map

b

BZw-\_nbpsS krjvSn-∏n-t\bpw At±-l-Øns‚ kz¿§-hm-k-sØ-∏-

‰nbpw `qcn-]£ apkvenwIƒ hniz-kn-°p∂ IY-Iƒ InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS

A_≤ hnizm-k-ß-fpsS Hcp hnIr-Xm-\p-I-cWw amX-am-Wv.

\ΩpsS hntbm-Pn-∏p-Iƒ 17


Bhiyw hcp-∂p-≈q. ChnsS t\sc

hncp-≤-am-bn-´mWv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv.

ssZth-X-c -∑m¿°v kmjvSmwKw

]Wmaw A\p-jvTn-°p-∂Xv in¿°v

BWv (ssZ-h-Øn\v ]¶p-Imsc k¶-

ev]n-°¬). in¿°v ssZhw s]mdpØp

sImSp-°mØ ]m]-hp-am-Wv. temIØv

Ah-Xo¿Æ-cmb e£-°-W-°n\v

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Cu in¿°n-s\-Xnsc

]S-s]m-cpXn GI ssZh Bcm-[-\sb

kwÿm-]n-°m≥ h∂-h-cm-Wv. CX

bpw ISpØ ]m]w A\p-jvTn-°m≥

B kº-Zm -bsØ \ncm -I -cn®

ssZhw Xs∂ AXp sNøm≥ \n¿∫-

‘n-°p∂p F∂p hcp-∂Xv ssZhZqj-

W-am-hp-I-bnt√? At∏mƒ C_veokv

sNbvXXv icn-bm-sW-∂Xv kΩ-Xn-®p-

sIm-Sp-t°t≠? BZysØ XuloZv

hmZn At∏mƒ C_veokv BIptam?

AhnSw sIm≠pw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-

√. C_veokv Pn-∂n¬ s]´ Bfm-

sW∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n

∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. ae-°p-I-tfm-

SmWv A√mlp BZ-an\v kpPqZv sN

øm≥ Iev]n-°p-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ F¥n-

\mWv Pn∂n¬ s]´ C_venkv kpPqZv

sNøm-Xn -cp -∂Xv? F¥p-sIm≠p

A√mlp tNmZyw sNbvXp? F¥p-

sIm≠p B Imcyw C_veokv A√m-

lp-hn-t\mSv DW¿Øn-bn√? Hcp Jeo-

^sb qan-bn¬ \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn\p

apºmbn ae-°p-I-tfmSv A√mlp A`n-

]mbw tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ c‡w Nn¥p-

∂ Chsc F¥n-\mWv krjvSn-°p-∂-

sX-∂mWv ae-°p-Iƒ tNmZn-®-Xmbn

]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXpw ae-°p-I-fpsS

kn -Øp-Iƒ°v (A-√mlp \¬Inb

Ign-hp-Iƒ°v) AXo-X-ambn tXm∂p-

∂p. ae-°p-Iƒ GsXmcp B⁄

bpw tNmZyw sNømsX A\p-k-cn-°p-

∂-h-cm-Wv. Ah¿°v kz¥-ambn Hcp

Adnhpw C√. ChnsS `hn-jy¬

Imcyß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

CXv Ah-cpsS Ign-hn-\-∏p-d-Øp-≈-Xm-

Wv. H∂p-In¬ CØcw kml-N-cy-

ßƒ apºpw `qanbn¬ \S-∂n-cn-°pw.

AXns‚ A\p- -h-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-

em-bn-cn°ptam Ah¿ Cu Imcyw ]d-

bp-∂-Xv?

Cu ]tl-fn-I-ƒs°√mw DØcw

Is≠-tØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. As√-

¶n¬ _p≤n-]-c-ambn Nn¥n°p∂-h-

cpsS apºn¬ Hcp _p≤n-ap- mbn hcpw.

Cu hnizm-kw ImcWw aX-ßƒ

bp‡n-lo-\-amb hnizm-k-ßsf ASn-

t®¬∏n-°p∂p F∂p ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw.

CØ cw kwi-b-hp-ambn apkvenw

]WvUn-X-∑msc kao-]n-®mepw _p≤n-

]-c -amb Hcp DØcw e`n -°n-√.

ImcWw Ah-cpsS hnizm-khpw CXp-

X-s∂-bm-Wv. C\n \ap°v BtemNn-

°m-\p-≈Xv Ckvemans\ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-

°m≥ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Hcp

hmKvZØ akolv alZn Ah-X-cn-°p-

Ibpw Hcp Pam-AØv ÿm]n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. AlvaZnøm

apkvenw Pam-AØv Cu ]tlfnI-

Iƒ°v h√ ]cn-lm-chpw \n¿t±-in-°p-

∂pthm?

Cu hrØm-¥ßƒ hnh-cn-°-s∏´

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ kq‡-ßƒ ]cn-

tim-[n-®m¬ \ap°v Cu ]tl-fn-Iƒ

°v DØcw ImWm≥ km[n-°pw.

\ΩpsS hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-

X-°-sf-sbms° ss__nƒ IY-Iƒ

hfscb[nIw kzm[o-\n -®-Xmbn

ImWmw. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

hnip-≤-Jp¿-B\nse kq‡-ßƒ

hymJym-\n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv.

CXp sNcn-∏n-s\m-∏n®p Imep apdn-°p-

∂Xv t]mse-bm-Wv. AXmWv ChnsS

kw -hn-®Xv.

BZw \_n (A) sb ]‰n ]cma¿in-

°p∂ kq‡w Bcw- n-°p-∂Xv kqd:

A¬ _J-d-bn-em-Wv. 31 apX¬ 40

hscbp≈ hN\ßƒ Cßs\ ""Rm

≥ qan-bn¬ Hcp ]Xn-\n-[nsb \n›-

bn-°m≥ t]mhp-I-bm-sW∂v \ns‚ \m-

Y≥ ae-°p-I-tfmSv ]d™ kµ¿`w

kvacn-°p-I. Ah¿ ]d™p "AhnsS

Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw c‡w Nn¥p-Ip-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc \o A hnsS

\n›-bn-°p-I-bmtWm?' Rß-fm-Is´

\ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤nsb Io¿Ø \w

sNøp∂tXmsSm∏w \ns∂ kvXpXn-

°p-Ibpw \ns‚ hnip-≤nsb hmgvØp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p''. A√mlp ]d™p:

""\n›-b-ambpw \nß-f-dn-bm-ØXv

Rm\-dn-bp∂p?''

A√mlp BZ-an\v F√m hkvXp-

°-fp-tSbpw \ma-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-

Sp-Øp. A\-¥cw Ah≥ Ah B

\ma-ßƒ sIm≠p Dt±-in-°-s∏-Sp

∂hsb ae-°p-I-fpsS apºn¬ sh®p

Imń'' F∂n- -h≥ ]d-™p: ""\nßƒ

kXyw ]d-bp-∂-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ch-

bpsS \ma-ßƒ Fs¥∂p Ft∂mSp

]d-bp-I''.

Ah¿ ]d™p: ""\o ]cn-ip-≤-\mWv

Rßƒ°v \o ]Tn-∏n-®p-X-∂X-√msX

Rßƒ°v bmsXmcp Adn-hp-an-√.

\n›-b-ambpw k¿∆-⁄\pw bp‡n-

⁄\pw \o Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p.''

At∏mƒ A√mlp ]d-™p: ""B

Zw \o Ah-bpsS \ma-ßƒ Ah¿°v

(a-e-°p--Iƒ°v) Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-

t∏mƒ Ah≥ (A-√m-lp) ]d-™p:

"\n›-b-ambpw BIm-i-ß-fn-tebpw

`qan-bn-tebpw AZr-iy-Im-cy-ßƒ F\n-

°-dn-bm-sa∂pw \nßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂Xpw ad-®p-sh-°p∂Xpw Rm\-

dn-bp-∂psh∂pw \nß-tfmSp Rm≥

]d-™n-cp-∂nt√?''

""\nßƒ BZ-an\v kpPqZv sNøpI

F∂p ae-°p-I-tfmSp \mw ]d-™

kµ¿`w (kva-cn-°p-I) At∏mƒ Ah

¿ kpPqZv sNbvXp. ]t£ C_veokv

kpPqZv sNbvXn-√. Ah≥ hnk-Ω-

Xn -°p-Ibpw Al-¶-cn -°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Ah≥ \ntj-[n-I-fn¬s∏ -

h-\m-bn-cp∂p.''

\mw ]d-™p: ""BZ-ta, \obpw \n

s‚ ]Xv\nbpw Cu P∂-Øn¬ h-kn-

°p-Ibpw AhnsS \nßƒ C—n-°p-

∂n-S-Øp-\n∂v kp`n-£-ambn £n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈p-I. F∂m¬

Cu hr£sØ \nßƒ kao-]n-°-cp-

Xv. (k-ao-]n-®m¬) \nßƒ A[¿Ωn-

I-fmbn `hn-°pw. ]n∂oSv ]nimNv

AXp aptJ\ Ah¿ c≠p-t]-scbpw

hyXn-N-en-∏n®p. Aßs\ Ccp-h-tcbpw

Ah-cp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ahÿ-bn¬


\n∂pw Ah≥ (]n-im-Nv) ]pdw X≈n.

\mw ]d-™p: ""\nßƒ Cd-ßn-t∏m-

hp-I. \nß-fn¬ Nne¿ Nne¿°v iXp-

°-fm-Wv. (K-ln-®p-sIm-≈p-I) `qan-

bn¬ \nßƒ°v Hcp \n›n-X-Imew

hsc hmk ÿe-hpw PohnX hn`-h-

ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.''

]ns∂ BZw Xs‚ \mY-\n¬ \n

∂pw Nne ]m¿∞\m hN-\-ßƒ ]Tn-

®p (A-]Imcw ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sN

bvXp). At∏mƒ Ah≥ (A√mlp)

At±-l-Øns‚ t\sc)Imcp-Wy-tØm

sS Xncn-™p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥

k¿∆Ym Imcp-Wy-tØmsS Xncn-bp-∂-

h\pw AXnh Zbm-ep-hp-am-Ip-∂p.

(A-t∏mƒ) \mw ]d™p: ""\nß-

sf-√m-hcpw AhnsS \n∂v Cdßn-t∏m-

Iq. (Hm¿°p-I) ]n∂oSv Ft∏m-sg-

¶nepw \nß-fpsS ASp-°¬ F∂n¬

\n∂p≈ am¿§-Z¿i\w hcn-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ At∏mƒ Bcv Fs‚ am¿§-Z¿i-

\sØ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂pthm Ah¿°v

`mhnsb ]‰n bmsXmcp b-hp-ap-≠m-

Ip-∂-X-√. Ah¿ (Ign-™-Xn-s\) ]‰n

hyk-\n-°p-∂-Xp-a-√.

""F∂m¬ \ntj-[n-°pIbpw \Ωp

sS ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf If-hm-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h-cmtcm Ah¿ \c-Im-h-Im-in-

I-fm-Ip-∂p. Ah-c-hnsS Nnc-Imew

hkn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cn°pw''

ChnsS A√mlp `qan-bn¬ Hcp

Jeo- sb \ntbm-Kn-°m-\p≈ kwcw-

`-Øn-\p≈ cwK-amWv ]kvXm-h\

hnj-bw. Jeo^ F∂v ]hm-N-I-

∑m¿°pw t]cp-Iƒ D≠v. ]hm-N-I≥

`qan-bn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ Jeo-^-bm-

Wv. At∏mƒ Hcp P\-X°v BZy-

ambn Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn°p

∂Xv Ah\p Hcp \ymb ]amWw

\¬Im-\pw AX-\p-k-cn®p PohnXIa-

s∏-Sp-Øm\pw Ahsc k÷-am-°p-∂-

Xn-\m-Wv. Jeo-^°v as‰m-c¿∞w

]hm-N-I-∑m¿ acn-®-tijw Ah-cpsS

kaq-lsØ \bn-°p∂ Ah-cpsS Hcp

t\XrXzw D≠m-I-Ww. AXp ]hm-N-

I-∑m¿ Xs∂ \n›-bn-°p-Itbm,

As√-¶n¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xnc-s™-

Sp-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂p. Xncp-ta\n

(k:A) Xßƒ Znhw-K-X-\mbt∏mƒ

AØcw Hcp t\Xr-Xz-am-Wp≠m-b-Xv.

Nne-t∏mƒ apºp-h∂ \ymb-]-am-

WsØ tkhn-°m≥ ]hm-N-Is\

Jeoâmcmbn \ntbm-Kn-°p∂ kº-

Zm-bhpw D≠v. aqk \_n (A) Znhw-

K-X-\m-b-t∏mƒ ]hm-N-I-∑msc aqkm

\_n (A) sIm≠p-h∂ Xudm-Øn-

s‚ tkh-I-∑m-cmbn Ab® NcnXw

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂pw a\- n-

em-°mw. ]Xn-\memw \q‰m-≠n¬ Ah-

cpsS ako-lmbn h∂ Cukm \_n

(A) bpw CtX ZuXy-tØmsS _\p

Ckm-tb-en\v th≠n amXw BK-X-

\mb ]hm-N-I-\m-Wv.

ss__nfns‚ IW°v ]cn-tim-[n-

®m¬ BZw \_n (A) bpsS ZuXyw

temIØv h∂n´v Bdmbncw sIm√w

Ign™p. Ggm-bncw sIm√sØ B-

cw- -am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ t\m°p-

tºmƒ a\p-jy-cmin Cu `qan-bn¬

tImSm-\p-tImSn sIm√-ßƒ°v aptº

\nh-kn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p imkvXw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ B sXfnhpI-fpsS

apºn¬ CXp If-hm-bn-Øo-cpw. ]pcm-

h-kvXp-°-sf ]co-£n-°p∂ F√m

kwhn-[m-\-ßfpw C∂v imkvXo

bambn sXfn-bn®p Ign-™-Xm-Wv.

C\n At∏mƒ Cu Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®p

lkvdØv AlvaZv (A) F¥p-]-d-bp-

∂p-sh∂v \ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

lkvdØv Alv-aZv (A) Hcp ]kw-K-

Øn¬ Cßns\ ]Xn-h-Nn-®p. BZ-

ans‚ P\-\-Øn\v tij-amWv Cu ]]-

©-Øns‚ Bcw-`-sa∂ ss__nƒ

kn≤m-¥-tØmSv \ap°v tbmPn-∏n-√.

ImcWw ss__nƒ BZw qPm-X-\m-

bn v Btdm Gtgm Bbncw sIm√ta

BIp-∂p≈qsh∂mWv a\- n-em-°n

Øcp-∂-Xv. AXn\p apºmbn H∂pw

D≠mbn-cp-∂n-s√-∂pw ssZhw aSn-b-

\mbn Hcp ]hr-Ønbpw C√msX Ccn-

°p-IbmsW∂p-ap≈ A`n-]m-bhpw

\ap-°n-√. amX-a-√, C∂v temIØp

ImWp∂ F√m P\-hn-`m-Khpw Htc

Hcp BZ-ans‚ k¥m-\-]-c-º-c-bm-

sW∂p \mw hniz-kn-°p-∂n√. amX-

a-√, Cu BZw BZysØ a\p-jy-\m-

sW∂pw \ap°v hmZ-an-√. a\p-jy-k-

aqlw AXn-\p-apºp Cu temI-Øp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw

AXp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v Nq≠n-°m-

Wn®p Xcp∂Xv. Rm≥ qan-bn¬ Hcp

Jeo- sb \ntbm-Kn-°m≥ t]mIp∂p

F∂ ]kvXmhw qanbn¬ a\p-jy¿

Ds≠∂v Xs∂-bmsW∂v a\- -em-°n-

Ø-cp-∂-Xv. Jeo^ F∂-Xp-sIm≠p

≈ hnh£ ssZh-Øns‚ ]Xn-\n[n

F∂mWv. Cu \ne°v Ata-cn-°-bn-

sebpw BkvtX-en-bm-bn-tebpw

bYm¿∞ \nhm-kn-Iƒ Cu BZ-

ans‚ ]n≥Xp-S¿®m ]c-º-c-bn¬s∏´

P\-ß-fm-sW∂v \ap°v ]d-bm≥

km≤y-a-√. Hcp ]t£ apºp-h∂

GsX-¶nepw BZ-ans‚ ]cºc--

bn¬s∏´hcm-Imw. (A¬l°w sabv

30, 1908)

Bdm-bncw sIm√-ßƒ°v apºp

Ah-X-cn® BZw BZysØ a\p-jy-

\m-sW∂ hnizmkw \ΩpsS apºn-

ep≈ sXfn-hp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-amWv. Cu qan

FXtbm, At\Iw L´-ß-fpw,

At\Iw \mK-cn-I-Xbpw AXn-Po-hn-

®n- p-≠v. \mw Ct∏mƒ ]d-bp-∂ BZw

AXnse Ct∏mƒ \mw Z¿in-°p∂

Ah-km-\sØ IÆn-bm-Wv. FXtbm

cmjvS-ßƒ P\n-°p-Ibpw Xntcm-

[m\w sNø-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.

FXtbm BZw CXn\p apºp

Ign™p IS-∂n-´p≠v. cp BZw XpS

ßn Hcp ]cn-hrØn (Cycle) ]q¿Øn-

bm-°m≥ 700 sIm√-am-sW∂v lkv

dØv AlvaZv (A) \ap°v ]d-™p-X-

cp-∂p. Aßs\ FXtbm BZw Cu

`qX-e-Øn¬ Ign-™p-I-S-∂n-´p-≠v.

Cu Hcp ImgvN-∏mSv apkvenw kqô

hcy-∑m-cnepw \ap°v Z¿in-°m≥

km[n°p-∂p-≠v. kqôhcy-∑m-cn¬

AK-K-Wy-\mb apln-bp-±o≥ C_v\p

Ad_n (d-lv) ]d-bp-∂p. ""Rm≥

IAv_ ]Z-£nWw sNøp-∂-Xmbn

kz]v\-Øn¬ I≠p Hcp a\p-jy≥

Fs‚ apºn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏´p. At±

lw ]q¿∆o-I-cn¬ s]´ Bfm-sW∂p


]d-™p. Xm¶ƒ acn -®n´v FX

\mfmbn F∂v tNmZn-®t∏mƒ \mev]-

Xn-\m-bncw sIm√-ßƒ°v apºm-

sW∂p ]d-™p. At∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d-

™p: "F¥v CXv \ΩpsS BZ-an¬

\n∂v hfsc A[nIw Zqsc BW

t√m?' At∏mƒ At±lw ]d-™p:

"Xm¶ƒ GXv B-Z-an-s\-]-‰n-bmWv ]d-

bp-∂-Xv. Xm¶-fpsS ASp-Øp≈

BZtam A√ a‰p h√ BZ-ans\ ]‰n-

bmtWm?' At∏mƒ F\n°v Xncp-

ta\n (k.-A) ans‚ Hcp lZokv CXp

kw_-‘-am-bp-≈Xv Hm¿Ω-h-∂p.

A√mlp Hcp e£w BZ-ans\

ChnsS \ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v. At∏m-ƒ

Rm≥ kzbw ]d-™p. ""Cu a\p-jy≥

apºp h∂ GsX-¶nepw BZ-ans‚

k¥X kl-Nm-cn-bm-bn-cn°pw'' (^p-

Øp-lmØv t]. 607)

At∏mƒ CXn¬ \n∂pw a\- n-em-

Ip-∂Xv lkvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚

CXp kw_-‘n® ho£Ww dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n (k.-A) ho£W-am-sW-∂m-

Wv. F¶n¬ C∂sØ _lp-`q-cn-

]£w hcp∂ apkvenw ]-WvUn-X-∑m-

cp-tSbpw Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-fp-

tSbpw hnizmkw hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\pw

Xncp-\_n (k.-A) bpsSbpw apkvenw

kp ô-h-cy-∑m-cpsS A`n-]m-b-ß

ƒ°pw _p≤n°pw, imkvX-Øn\pw

FXn-cm-b-Xm-sW∂v hfsc ]I-S-

amWv.

(Xp-S-cpw)

c-W-Øn¬ \n∂p-ap≈ tbip-

hns‚ ]p\-cp-÷o-h\w F∂

k¶ev]w \nc-h[n ]iv\-ßƒ

krjvSn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ Nne-sX√mw

Ign™ A≤ym-b-Øn¬ N¿® sNbv

Xp- I-gn-™p. Ct∏mƒ \mw a‰p Nne

]iv\-ß-fn-te°pw k¶o¿Æ-X-I-fn-

te°pw i≤ Xncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Iqio-I-c-W-Øn\v apºp≈ tbip-

hns‚ a\ pw ac-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw

]p\-cp÷ohn-®-Xn\v tij-ap≈ At±-

l-Øns‚ a\- ns‚ ]Ir-Xnbpw

Fß-s\-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xns\

kw_-‘n®v \ap°v F¥v [mc-W-bm-

bn-cn°pw D≠m-hp-I? aq∂v ]Iepw

aq∂v cmXnbpw ]h¿Ø-\-c-ln-X-am-b-

Xn\v tijw At±-l-Øns‚ a\ v

ho≠pw kPo-h-am-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

tNmZy-an-XmWv, acn-°p-tºmƒ tbip-

hns‚ akn-Xvjv°-Øn\v hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ F¥mWv kw -hn-®Xv? akvXn

jv°w GXm\pw an\p´v t\c-tØ°v

acn®p t]msb-¶n¬ AXv Imem-Im-e-

tØ°pw \nt›-X-\-amhpw F∂mWv

Npcp-ßnb ]£w ssIkvX-h-˛-A-

ssI-kvXh sshZy-imkvX hnZ-

Kv[≥amcpsS F√m-h-cp-tSbpw s]mXp-

sh-bp≈ A`n-]m-bw. c‡-Nw-I-aWw

\ne-°p-∂-tXmsS akvXnjvI tImi-

ßƒ hnL-S-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-hpw.

tbip Iqio-I-c-W-th-f-bn¬ acn-®p-

sh-¶n¬ AXn-∂¿∞w At±-l-Øn

s‚ lrZbw ]h¿Ø-\-c-ln-X-am-hp-I

bpw akvXn-jv°-Øn-te°v c‡w hnX-

cWw sNøp∂ ]h¿Ø\w \ne-°p-

Ibpw DS≥ Xs∂ akvXnjv°w acn-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-∂m-Wv. At±-l-

Øns‚ apgp-h≥ ssPhnI ]h¿Ø-

\-ßfpw \ne®p t]mbm-e-√msX At±-

lsØ acn-®-h-\mbn ]Jym-]n-°m≥

km[y-a-√. Aßs\-bm-sW-¶n¬

tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-tØbpw ac-W-

tØbpw Ipdn®p≈ \nc-h[n ka-ky-

Isf \mw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.

tbip-hn\v acWw kw`-hn-®m¬

AXn-\¿∞w At±-l-Øns‚ ]mW-

i-cocw AYhm \mw hnfn-°p∂

Bflmhv At±-l-Øns‚ ÿqe-

]RvPcw BIp∂ uXnI ico-c-Øn

¬ \n∂pw Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn th¿

s∏´p F∂m-W¿∞w. A]-Imcw X

s∂ At±-l-Øns‚ ]p\-cp-÷o-h\w

F∂m¬ aq∂vZn-h-k-ßƒ°p apºv

th¿s∏-´p-t]mb ]mW≥ AtX

ùXn-I-i-co-c-Øn-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cn-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°-Ww F∂p-am-Wv.

AØ-c-Øn¬ Xncn-®p-h∂ ]mW≥

ùXnI ico-c-am-Ip∂ Poh-L-Sn-Im-

csØ ho≠pw kv]µn∏n®p XpSßp

Ibpw thWw. Aßns\ kw -hn-°p-

tºmƒ hnL-S\w Bcw-`n®v arX

]nWvU-ambn Ign™ akvXnjv°

tImi-ßƒ°v Poh≥ sh°p-Ibpw,

acn-®-Xn-\p-tijw th-KØn¬ XpS-

ßnb cmk-]-h¿Ø\waqe-ap≈

Po¿Æ\ ]Inb t\¿hn-]-coX Zni-

]p\-cp-÷o-h\tam ]p\-cp-∞m-\tam

lkvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv (d)

ASpØp Xs∂ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ "InkvXp-aXw: bmYm¿∞y-ßfn¬ \n∂pw sI´p-I-Y-bn-te°v'

(Christianity: A Journey from facts to Fiction) F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \n∂v

a

teJ\w

(REVIVAL OR RESSURECTION)

n


Fs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse Hcp ][m

\ kw`-h-am-WnsX-¶n¬ kp¬Øm≥

C_v\p-kp-Du-Zns‚ kz`m-h-ta-∑-bn-

te°v shfn®w hoip∂ H∂p-a-sX.

Xs‚ \m´p-Imcpw ]pdw-\m-´p-Im-

cp-amb Ad-_n-Iƒ kp¬Øms‚

Z¿_m-dn¬ IS-∂p-h-cn-Ibpw At±-l-

sØm-sSm∏w \ne-Øn-cp∂p kt¶m-N-

a-s\y-kw-km-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv

F\n°v ImWm≥ km[n®p. Hcmƒ

Xs‚ H -I-Øns‚ Ip™n-s\-]-‰n-bm-

sW-¶n¬ as‰m-cmƒ as‰mcp Imcy-

amIpw ]d-bp -∂-Xv. kp¬Øm≥

kwXr-]vXn-tbmSpw kl-\-_p-≤n-

tbmSpw IqSn Ah-sb√mw tI´p adp-

]Sn ]d-bp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Z¿_m-

dn¬ CkvemanI `c-W-Øns‚ Hcp

NnX-amWv Zriy-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

hntZ-i-X¥ ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS

Hcp ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kp¬Øm≥ Hcp

km[m-c-W-°m-c-s\-t∏mse ]s¶-Sp-

Øn-cp-∂-Xmbn a°m-]-hm-k-Im-eØv

F\n-°-dn-bm≥ Ign-™n- p-≠v. kw`m-

j-W-at≤y At±lw ]d™p:""\nß-

fpsS cmPy-Øp-≈-t]mse kpJ-ku-

I-cy-ß-sfm∂pw ChnsS C√. henb

sXcp-hp-Ifpw C√. AhnsS henb

Pbn-e-d-I-fp-≠v. henb henb Ip‰-ß

fpw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂m¬ Fs‚

cmPyØv AØcw Ip‰-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√.

tIkv hnkvXmcw \o-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂n-√.

\nb-a-Øn\v ]gp-Xp-I-fp-an-√. BI-

bm¬, \nß-fpsS kwkvImcw ChnsS

C√mØ-Xn-\m¬ F\nbv°v bmsXmcp

hyk-\hpw C√. adn-®v, F\n-°n-Xn¬

hep-Xmb kt¥m-j-amWv tXm∂p-∂-

Xv. Fs‚ cmPyw (CXv ssZh-Øns‚

cmPy-am-Wv) F√m--X-c-Øn-ep≈ ]mX-

I-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-am-bn-cn-

°p∂p!''

Rm≥ Znh-khpw ss_Øp-√m-

bn¬ t]mIpw. Nne-t∏mƒ aWn°q-dp-

I-tfmfpw Ign-®p-Iq-´pw. AhnsS

sN∂n-cp-∂p ssZhnI ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sf-

°p-dn®v `‡n-]q¿∆w Rm-t\m¿°pw.

Nne-t∏mƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS ]mZ-kv]¿

i-ta‰p ]cn-]q-cnX-ambnØo¿∂ ÿm\-

ß-fn¬ Np‰n-\-S-°pw. Nnet∏mƒ "Zmdp-

∂Zvh'Np‰n-°m-Wpw. At∏mƒ Xncp-\-

-_n-bvs°-Xn-cmbn a°sØ Ahn-izm-

kn-Iƒ \S-Ønb KqVm-tem-N-\-I-

fpsS cq]w Fs‚ at\m-X-e-Øn¬ \ng-

en-°pw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ kXy-hnizm

tkm-±o-]-I-amb \mfp-I-fm-bn-cp∂p

Ah. Pohn-X-Ønse _m°n-Imew

apgp-h≥ Chn-sS-Øs∂ Ign-®p-Iq- -W-

sa∂ BKlw lrZ-b-Øn¬ At∏m

ƒ Db-cpw. kXyhpw AXp-X-s∂. Hcn-

°¬ I≠m¬ ]ns∂bpw ]ns∂bpw

ImWm≥ sImXn-h-cp∂ Hcp ]pWy-

ÿm-\-am-Wn-Xv.

˛]-cn-: F≥.A_vZp-dlnw.

cn-∏n-°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-ihpw C¥y≥

`c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ hyhÿ sNbvXn-

cn°p-∂p. lnµp-aX ]£]mZn-I-fpsS

ITn-\-amb FXn¿∏v Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm-

≠mWv "]N-cn-∏n-°pI' F∂ hm°v

`c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-t®¿ØXv.

B FXn¿∏v C∂pw XpS-cp-∂p. mc-

X-Ønse alm∑m-cmb c-W-L-S\m

inev]n-Iƒ a\p-jy-kzm-X-¥y-Øns‚

t]cn¬ Fgp-Xnt®¿Ø Cu ]Zw

\ΩpsS c-W-L-S-\sb DZm-Ø-am-°p-

Ibpw A¥m-cmjvS a\p-jym-h-Imi

]Jym-]-\-tØmSv ]q¿Æ-ambpw \oXn

]pe¿Øp-∂ Hcp am\-hob tcJ-

bm°n AXns\ am‰p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

(Xp-S-cpw)

ASp-Ø-e-°-Øn¬ "aX kzmX ¥yw: ]mIn-

kvXms‚ hyXn-bm-\-ßƒ'


(-25 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Bcw- n-°p-Ibpw

sN bvXn-cn-°-Ww. CXv A\-h[n

]iv\-ß-fp-ambn sI´p-]n-W™p InS-

°p ∂p. Cu kaky ssIkvXh

ssPh imkvX-⁄-¿s°√mw Hcp

sh√p-hn-fn-bmbn Ah-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw. tIµ-\mVo hyh-ÿ-bn¬

kw`hn® Po¿Æ-\-Øns‚ apgp-h≥

ssPh-cmk ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw t\¿

hn]-coX Zni-bn¬ ]h¿Øn°p∂Xv

Fß-s\-bmWv hni-Zo-I-cn-°pI?

imkvX-⁄-∑m-cpsS hnZqc mh-\-Iƒ

°p-t]mepw A∏p-d-Øm--Wn-Xv.Aß-s\-

bmWv kw -hn-®sX-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw

AsXmcp A¤p Xw (Miracle) BWv.

imkvX-⁄≥amsc ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-

Øp-Ibpw ssZhw Xs∂ krjvSn®

]IrXn \nb-asØ ]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibp

am-bn-cn°pw AXv. C\n AsXmcp

A¤pXamsW-¶n¬ Xs∂ ]iv\w

AXp-sIm-s≠m∂pw ]cn-lr-X-am-hp-∂-

Xp-a-√. AØ-c-Øn-semcp ]p\-cp-÷o-

h\sa∂m¬ tIµ-\m-Vo-hy-h-ÿ-bn

se tImi-ß-fpsS ]p\-cp-÷o-h\w

amX-a√. AXv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah-

bpsSsb√mw ]h-¿Ø\ kwtbm-P

\w IqSn-bm-Wv. Aßs\ AtX tIm

i-ßƒ ]p\-:kr-jvSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]g-

b-Xp-t]mse ho≠pw kPo-h-am-Ip-

Ibpw sNbvXm¬ t]mepw AXv ]gb

Hm¿Ω-I-sfm∂pw Ah-ti-jn-°mØ

]pXnb HcpIq´w tImi-ß-fm-bn-cn-

°pw. tbip-hn-s‚, Pohn-X-Øn-\m-h-iy-

am-bXpw At±-l-Øns‚ a\ ns‚ ac-

W-tØmsS akvXn-jv°Øn¬ \n∂v

XpS®pam‰-s∏-´-Xp-amb B Hm¿Ω-I-

sf√mw ho≠pw ]q¿Wcq]Øn¬

]p\¿ krjvSn-t°-≠n-hcpw.

Pohn-X-sa-∂m¬ \ap-°-dn-bp-∂Xv

t]mse akvXn-jv°-Ønse tImSn-°-

W-°n\v \yqtdm-Wp-I-fn¬ D≈-S°w

sNbvX hnh-c-ßƒ \¬Ip∂ t_m[w

Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-XmWv. B hnh-c-ß-sf

√mw ]t©-µo-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n-

°p∂ AXoh k¶o¿Æ-am-bXpw I

ºyq- ¿ _n‰p-Isf t]mse ]c-kv]cw

_‘-s∏´ hnh-c-ß-fpamWv. Ah D]-

hn-`m-K-ß-fmbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. B hnh-c-ß-f-S-ßn

b Um‰-I-sf√mw XpS®p\o°-s∏-´m

¬ AtXm-sSm-∏w Pohn-Xhpw kzbw

Xs∂ XpS-®p-\o-°-s∏-Spw. Bb-Xn-\m

¬ tbip-hn-s‚ akvXn-jv°-Øns‚ ]p

\-cp-÷o-h-\-sa-∂m¬, Hcp ]pXnb

tkm v‰vshb¿ D]-tbm-Kn-®p≈ XnI

®pw Hcp ]pXnb s_bv≥ Iºyq-´-dn

s‚ cN-\bpw \n¿Ωm-Whpw F∂mWv.

(Xp-S-cpw) n

n


‡n-kl Xocp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-°p-

∂-Xn\v a\p-jy-[n-j-W-bpsS

A[o-\-Xbn-ep≈ D]-I-c-Wß

-ƒ Bfl-\n-jvT-hpw, hkvXp-\n-jvT-hp-

amb A\p- -h-ßƒ amX-am-Wv. Xocp-

am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-bm-fpsS kXy-k-‘X

kwi-b-ßƒ°-Xo-X-am -sW-¶n¬

t]mepw Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m≥ B[mc-

am-°p∂ hkv-Xp-X-Iƒ AbmfpsS

\nb-¥W]cn-[n-bnep≈-X-√ F∂

Imc-W-Øm¬ Abm-fpsS Xocp-am-\-

ßƒ°v sX‰p-]-‰m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. sX‰m

b hnh-c-ßƒ, A_≤ [mc-W-Iƒ,

IrXn-a-Xzw, am\-kn-I-tijn bpsS

A]-cym-]vXX F∂nh Hcm-sf-Sp-°p∂

Xocp-am-\-ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hm-csØ

]Xn-Iq-e-ambn kzm[o-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xm

Wv.

hnhn[ \nco-£-I≥am-cpsS ho£-

W-tIm-Wp-Iƒ hnhn-[-ß-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa-

∂Xv t]mse Xs∂ \nco-£-W-ß-

fpsS ASn-ÿm\ kz`m-hhpw hyXy-

kvX-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw. CØcw kl-P-

amb sshI-ey-ßfpw A_≤ km≤y-

X-Ifpw D-≠m-bn´p IqSn a\p-jys‚

Im¬sh-∏p-Isf \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-eqsS

Xa- n¬ \n∂pw Xmc-X-tay\ shfn-®-

Ønte°v \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v a\p-jys‚

bp‡n-hn-Nm-c-tijn hf-tc-sbsd Imc-

W-am-bn-Øo¿∂n- p-s≠∂p Hcn-°epw

\ntj-[n-°p-hm≥ km≤y-a-√.

A√mlp C—n -°p -∂-h¿°pw

Ah≥ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-h¿°pw

AZriy aWvU-e-Øn¬ \ns∂m-cwiw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p-sh∂

hnip-≤-Jp¿-Bs‚ hmZ-Øns‚ \nP-

ÿnXn kwibmXo-X-ambn sXfn-bn-

°phm≥ km[n-°ptam? AZr-iy-Im-cy-

ß-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw shdp-samcp

anYym-t_m-[tam hymtam-ltam As√-

∂pw adn®v AXv bmYm¿∞ym-[njvTn-

X-am-sW∂pw kwi-bm-ep-°ƒ°v

bp‡n-]q¿∆w ka¿∞n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-

hm≥ km[n-°ptam? CØcw tNmZy-

ßƒ°p≈ DØ-c-ßƒ, hmkvX-hn-

Ihpw imkvXo-b-hp-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ

sIm≠v ZrV-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Cu

sNdp KŸ-Øns‚ Dt±-iyhpw CXm-

Wv. hn⁄m-\-ßƒ ssIam‰w sNøp-

∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp hniz-k-\ob am¿§-

amWv shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ F∂-Xns‚ ]m

am-WyX sXfnbn-°p∂ [mcmfw sXfn-

hp-Iƒ XpS¿∂p≈ A≤ym-b-ßfn¬

hmb-\-°m-c\p ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

At⁄-b-ß-fmb Imcy-ßƒ \nc-

¥-c-ambn ⁄m\-ta-J-e-I-fn-te°v

am‰-s∏´psIm≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw a\p-

jys‚ NI-hmfw \nc-¥-c-ambn hnI-

kn®p sIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bp-am-Wv. kqd

A¬ln-Pvdnse 15-˛mw kq‡-Øn¬

AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ktµiw shfn-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂Xpw CXp Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu

]Xy-£-t_m[yw hn⁄m-t\z-j-W-

ßƒ°p≈ ian-°mØ Zmlw Df-hm-

°-Ø-°-Xm-Wv. A`n-am-\m¿lhpw

]Xymim]q¿W-hpamb Hcp ktµ-i-

am-Wn-Xv. AtX-k-abw hn\-bm-\zn-X-

\m-Ip-hm-\p-≈ Hcp imk\ IqSn CXn-

ep-≠v.

CXp-hsc a\p-jy≥ Adn™

⁄m\w X\n-°-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xp-

ambn Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ A\-

¥-XbpsS A]mc hnkvXo¿Æ-amb

Iym≥hm-knse Hcp _nµp-thm, As√-

¶n¬ AXn-t\-°mfpw kq£va-amb

AWpthm amX-am -sW∂ Ah-

t_m[w Ah-\n¬ P\n-∏n°p-∂p. hn\-

bm-\zn-X-\m-hpI F∂ ktµiw h¿≤n-

®p-h-cp∂ Cu Ah-t_m-[-hp-ambn

_‘-s∏´p InS-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

C∂sØ \ΩpsS ⁄m\w B

bncw h¿j-ßƒ°p apºv D ≠m-bn-

cn°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ tImSn-°-W-°n\v

Cc- n-®n- p-≠v. Hcm-bncw h¿j-ßƒ°v

tij-ap-≠m-Ip∂ \ΩpsS ⁄m\

]cn-amWw C∂p-≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ tImSn-

°-W-°n-\n -c -ń -bm-bn -cn -°p-Ibpw

AZr-iy-Im-cy-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw

Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv ˛ IV

bp

AZr-iy-amb taJ-e-bn¬ \n∂v ⁄m\-ßƒ \nc-¥cw

Zriyhpw tKmN-co-b-hp-amb taJ-e-bn-te°v

hn\n-abw sNøs∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

teJ\w


sNøpw. F∂mepw A√m-lp-hns‚

AZr-iy-⁄m\ WvUm-c-hp-ambn Xmc-

X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ AXv XnI®pw

\n m-c-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

I≠p]n-Sn-Ø-ß-fpsS ]bmWw

Xzcn-X-s∏-Spt¥mdpw ]t©-µn-b-ß-

fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ ]I-S-am-

bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Poh-s‚bpw i_vZ-Øn-

s‚bpw AXn-hn-]pe cmin-Iƒ \Ωp

sS kzm`m-hnI Kmly-X°v A]m-]y-

ambn \ne-sIm-≈p∂p. Ah Kln-°m-

\p≈ \ΩpsS Ignhv h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hm≥

Ign-™m¬ \ap°v ]e ]pXnb \nd-

ßfpw ]e ]pXnb i_vZ-ßfpw

tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. \mw

ImWp∂ \nd-ßfpw cq]-ßfpw hfsc

hyXy-ÿ-ß-fm-bn- mWv a‰v arK-ßƒ

ImWp-∂-Xv. uXn-I-temI ImgvNbpw

\ndw, K‘w, cpNn F∂n-hsb°pdn-

®p≈ kwth-Z-\hpw -Po-hn-I-fpsS

h¿§-t -Z-a-\p-k-cn®v hyXy-kvX-ß-fm-bn-

cn-°pw. Aßs\ Hmtcm bmYm¿∞y

hpw Bt]-£nI kXy-ß-fmbn amdp-

∂p. F¥p Xs∂-bm-bmepw AXn-hn-

im-e-amb Pohn-tem-IØv CsXm-cn-

°epw ]h¿Ø\ kvXw`\w D≠m-

°p-∂n-√. Kmly-X-bn-ep≈ hyXym-

k-ßƒ Pohn -X -Ønepw Poh¬

]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw hnLmXw krjvSn-

°p-∂-Xn\v ]Icw t]m’m-ln-∏n

°pI-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Igp-I-s‚bpw,

tX\o-®-bp-sSbpw Iq¥fns‚bpw

(Squid)ImgvN i‡n-bn-ep≈ A¥-c-

ßƒ Ah-bpsS Pohn-Xm-h-iy-I-X-

Iƒ°v XnI®pw A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv.

a\p-jy\pambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm

ƒ Iq¥-fp-I-fpw, jUv]-Z-ßfpw Hm

tcm hkvXp-hn-s\bpw hyXykvX cq]-

ß-fn-emWv Z¿in-°p-∂-Xv. ImcWw Hm

tcm hkvXp-hn-s\bpw AXns‚ bYm¿

∞ hep-∏-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X-emtbm

Ipd-hmtbm ImtW-≠Xv Ah-bpsS

AXn-Po-h-\-Øn\v AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-

am-Wv. h¿§-hy-Xym-k-a-\p-k--cn®v Kl-

W-ti-jnbpw hyXym-k-s∏-Sp-∂p. a\p-

jy-t\-Xw AXns‚ i‡n-bn¬

amXw ]cn-an-X-a-√. B[p-\nI Ce-

IvtSm-WnIv D]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS klm-

b-tØmsS a\p-jy-Km-lyX tPymXn¿a-

WvUew hfsc hnI-kn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-

∂p.

Keo-en-tbm(1600 F.-Un) Xs‚

Bcw- -Im-e-Øp≈ Zqc-Z¿in-\n-bn-eqsS

]]-©-Z¿i\w \S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ, Xs‚

I≠p]n-Sn -Ø-Øn¬ hf-sc-tbsd

k¥p-jvS-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lw a\p-

jys‚ Z¿i\ NI-hmfw \qdn--cń

h¿≤n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v A`n-am-\-

tØmsS ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

F∂m¬ AXn-hn-Zq-c-a-√mØ mhn-

bn¬ Xm≥ Z¿in-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ Hcp

e£w Ccń hep-∏-Øn¬ A√ \qdv

tImSn Cc- n-h-ep-∏-Ønepw hnim-e-X-

bnepw a\p-jy≥ ]]-©sØ Z¿in-

®-dn-bp∂ Hcp Zn\w DZbw sNøp-sa∂v

At±lw Adn-™n-cp-∂n-√. Xs‚

I≠p-]n-SnØhpw \n¿Ωn-Xnbpw `qX-

Im-e-hp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m

≠p X\n-°-\p-Iq-e-ambn Nn¥n-°p-

hm≥ A±t±-l-Øn\v amXta Ign-™n-

cp-∂p-≈q. t\ -ß-fn-ep≈ a\p-jys‚

hnP-bm-lvfm-Z-ßƒ hfsc £W- w-Kp-

c-ß-fm-sW∂mWv ]e-t∏mgpw sXfn-

bn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv.

Pohn-Xm-¥y-Øn¬ Keo-entbm

]q¿Æ A‘\mbn amdn. Cu Zpc-¥-

sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ Zp:Jw

Ie¿∂ hni-Zo-I-cWw kt¥m-j-

ßƒ £Wn-I-am-sW∂ hkvXpX

sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. ]Ya Zqc-Z¿in-\n-

bpsS D]-⁄m-Xmhv F∂ \ne-bn¬

]]-©-N-I-hmfw \qdn-cń hnkvXr-X-

am-°nb hy‡n-bmb Xm≥ Xs‚ ico-

c-]-cn-an-Xn-I-fpsS XS-h-d-I-fn¬ HXp-ßn-

°-gn-tb-≠n-h-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v hfsc

ASpØ Hcp kplr-Øn-s\-gp-Xnb

IØn¬ At±lw hne-]n-°p-∂p-≠v.

Cu IZ-\-`mcw lrZ-b-Øn\v

Xmßm-hp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Gsd-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. AXv Pohn-XsØØs∂ ]cn-

]q¿Æ-ambpw Ak-l-\o-b-amw-hn[w

timI-aq-I-am-°n. Keo-en-tbm-hns‚

Cu Xo£vW ss\cm-iy-]-I-S\w

AZr-iy-X-bpsS as‰mcp hi-tØ-

°mWv \sΩ \bn-°p-∂-Xv. A‘X

_m[n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Keo-en-tbm-hn\v

Z¿i-\- mKyw kn≤n-®n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-

¶n¬ Xm≥ ASn-sh®p \S∂ Cu qan-

°-∏p-d-ap-≈-sX-¥m-sW∂v a\- n-em-

°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-

∂n-√. Ccpfpw shfn-®hpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-

hm-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]Im-i-sa∂

bmYm¿∞y-sØ-°p-dn®v tI -dn-™Xv

amXw hniz-kn-°p-hmt\ Ign-bp-am-bn-

cp-∂p-≈q. AXpw hfsc Akv]-

jvShpw hnh-c-Wm-Xo-X-hpamb \ne-

bn¬ amXw. ]Im-i-sØbpw \nd-ß-

sfbpw Ipdn-®p≈ Xs‚ hnizm-k-

Øns‚ kXym-hÿ t\cn v ]cn-tim-

[n-®-dn-bp-hm≥ km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

F¶nepw shdpw tI´ptIƒhn F∂

Imc-W-Øm¬ amXw AXns\ Ab-

Ym¿∞-sa∂v ]d™p X≈n-°-f-bp-

hm≥ At±-l-Øn\p km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-

∂n-√. Cu hni-Zo-I-cWw Hcp ]

tXyI kµ¿`-Øn\v amXw _m[-I-

am-b-Xm-Wv. ImgvN-i‡n sIm≠v

A\p-Kr-lo-X-cmbhcpsS \Sp-hn¬

s]´v t]mb Hcp A‘s‚ [¿Ω-k-

¶-S-amWv \mw `mh-\-bn¬ ImWm≥

ian-°p-∂-Xv. Xs‚ hnizmkw sIń-

∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v ChnsS Abmƒ°v Hcm-

i-b-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ ]q¿Æm-‘-∑m-

cpsS Hcp kaq-lsØ NnXo-I-cn-°p-

I. Ah¿°v ]Im-i-Øns‚ AkvXn-

Xz-Ønepw Z¿i-\-i-‡n-bnepw hniz-

kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bptam? Xo¿®-bmbpw

C√. Xß-fpsS Cµn-b-ßƒ°-Xo-X-

amb Imcy-ß-fpsS AkvXn-Xz-sØ-°p-

dn®v a\- n-em-°p-hm-\mbn A‘-

∑msc klm-bn-°p-hm≥ ImgvN-i-‡n-

bp≈ Hcm-fpsS Bh-iy-I-X-bp-≠v.

euInI hn⁄m-\-ß-fpsS At\z-j-

W-ßƒ°p-ta¬ shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ°p≈

B[n-]Xyw e-]-Z-ambn ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv.

]cn-an-X-amb ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-

tfmSv IqSnb a\p-jy≥, Ah-s\X

hn⁄m-\nbpw hnth-In-bp-am-sW-¶n¬

t]mepw Xs‚ ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-fpsS

]cn-[n-Iƒ ewLn-°p-hm≥ Ah\v

km≤y-a-√. AtX-k-abw a\p-jy\v

IqSp-X¬ ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-


hm-\p≈ km≤yX X≈n-°-f-bm-hp-∂-

Xp-a-√. a\pjy ]cn-[n-Iƒ°-∏p-d-ap≈

bmYm∞y-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Adnhv \¬

Ip-hm≥ ssZh-Øn\v amXsa km≤y-

am-hp-I-bp-≈q.

Jp¿-B≥ NnXo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ian-

°p∂ ]c-temI PohnX kz`m-h-ßƒ

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ At⁄b aWvU-e-

Øn¬s∏- -Xm-Wv. AtXm-S-\p-_-‘n®v

a\p-jys‚ \n -lm-bm-h-ÿsb

tZymXn-∏n-°p∂ ck-I-c-am-sbmcp

ssienbpw Jp¿-B≥ ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-

≠v. bYm¿-∞-Øn¬ a\p-jy-a-\- n\v

Zp¿K-l-amb Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v

]Xn-]m-Zn-®-tijw ""tl a\pjym,

AsX-¥m--sW∂v \n\-s°-¥-dnbmw?''

F∂ tIm] ]I-S-\-tØm-sS-bmWv

AXn\v hncm-a-an-Sp-∂-Xv. AØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ Nne Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ßƒ

NphsS tN¿°p-∂p.

""hn[n \msf-s¥∂v \n\-s°-¥-

dnbmw. AtX hn[n \msf-s¥∂v \n\-

s°-¥-dn-bmw?'' (82-:18,19)

kXy-ambn ]pe-cp∂ B kw`hw

""kXyambn ]pe-cp∂ kw`-h-sa-¥m

Wv''? ""kXy-ambn ]pe-cp∂ kw -h-sa-

s¥∂v \n\-s°-¥-dnbmw'' (69:2˛4)

""Ahs\ Rm\-SpØp Xs∂ \c-

I-Øn¬ X≈n hnSpw. \cIw F∂m¬

Fs¥∂v \n\-°-dn-bmtam''? (74:27,28)

bYm¿∞ ]iv\w ssZhØns‚

IgnhvtISn-e-√, adn®v a\p-tjy-µn-b-ß-

fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-bp-ambn _‘-s∏- mWv

InS-°p-∂-Xv. ]t©-µn-b-ß-fn¬

GsX-¶nepw Ht∂m ct≠m Cµn-b-

ß-fn-√mØ Hcp hy‡n°v B Cµn-

b-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ H∂ns‚bpw

bYm¿∞ kz`m-h-a-dn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-

I-bn-√. _[n-c\v i_vZ-sa-¥m-sW∂pw

A‘\v ImgvN-sb-¥m-sW∂pw a\- n-

em-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√. F¶nepw

ImgvNbpw i_vZ ih-Whpw km≤y-

am-b-h¿°v Hcn-°epw e`n-®n- n-√mØ

CØcw [mc-W-Isf°pdn®v AØ-c-

°msc a\- n-em-°n-°p-hm≥ Hcp

\njvê iaw \S-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

AXpt]mse Jp¿-B≥ ]c-temI

Pohn-XsØ°pdn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-tºm

ƒ hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ bYm¿∞

kz`m-h-sa-¥m-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-

hm≥ km-≤y-a-s√∂v a\p-jys\ AXp-

W¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I-bm-Wv. ChnsS

a\p-jy-]-cn-an-Xn-I-sf-bmWv FSpØp

Im´p-∂-Xv. A√msX ssZh-Øn-s‚-X-

√. Chn-SpsØ kwKXn hfsc hmNm-

ehpw hy‡-hp-am-Wv. \ΩpsS euInI

t_mt[-µn-b-ßƒ°v ]pdsa Nne

]pXnb Cµn-b-ßƒ IqSn ac-Wm-\-

¥c Pohn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-th-≠n-bn-cn-

°p-∂p.

AXn-\m¬ h¿Æßfpw ]Im-

ihpw F¥m-bn-cn-°m-sa∂ GI-tZiw

k¶¬]w amX-ap≈ Hcp-Ø-s\-t∏m-

se, ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-sa∂ A

t⁄b bmYm¿∞y-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

Gsd-°psd aßn-bn-cp≠ Hcp mh\

amXsa C∂v \ap-°p-≈q. tl a\p

jym, AsX-¥m-sW∂v \n\-s°-¥-

dnbmw?

\mw `qan-bn¬ Cµn-b-ß-fn-eqsS -

A-\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp-∂p. \ΩpsS -Cµn-

bßfpsS kwthZ\ i‡n IqSp-X-

em-hp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS Dul-ßƒ°pw

[mc-W-Iƒ°pw AXo-X-ambn \ΩpsS

A\p- -h-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn am‰n-a-dn-°

s-∏-Sp∂p.

kvt\lw F¥m-sW∂v \ap-°-dn-

bm-sa∂v \mw I-cp-Xp∂p. -bm-X-\-Iƒ

\ap°v ]cn-Nn-X-ß-fm-sW∂v \mw Icp-

Xp-∂p. ]c-tem-I-Ønse kvt\l-sa-

¥m-bn-cn°pw? bmX-\-Iƒ F¥m-bn-

cn°pw? CtX-°p-dn®v Hm¿°p-tºmƒ

Dƒ°n-Snew sIm≈m-Ø-h-cmbn

Bcp≠v? Jp¿-B≥ kz¿§sØ°p-dn-

®p≈ h¿Wm-©nX NnXw ImgvN-sh-

°p-tºmgpw Hcp IÆpw AXv I≠n- n-

s√∂pw AXp-t]m-ep-≈-Xns\°pdn®v

Hcp sNhnbpw ihn-®n- n-s√∂pw \sΩ

A\p-kva-cn-∏n®v sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬

H´pw A¤p-X-s∏-Sm-\n√ Xs∂.

AXvt]mse Xs∂ \c-I-in-£-sb-°p-

dn®v hy-‡-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-tºmgpw

\c-Im·n F¥m-sW∂v \n\-s°-¥-dn-

bm-sa∂v tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v \sΩ

Xm°oXv sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AZr-

iy-X-bpsS A¿∞hpw tXSn Iq-Sp-X¬

Bg-Øn¬ NnI-™n-d-ßp-tºmgpw

In\m-hn¬ t]mepw ImWm-\m-hmØ

km[y-X-I-fpsS hnim-e-ho-Yn-Iƒ

\ΩpsS Z¿i\ NI-hm-f-Øn¬ ]Xy-

£-am-hp-∂Xv ImWmw. F∂m¬

\nKqV bmYm¿∞y-ß-fpsS ]cy-S-\-

bp -‡-a -√mØ hoYn -Iƒ°∏p-d -

ap≈Xns\-°p-dn®v a\- n-em-°p-hm≥

\ap°v F∂pw ssZhnI shfn-]m-Sp-I-

fpsS B-h-iy-IXbp≠v. \ΩpsS

At\zj-W-ßƒ°v XS w krjv

Sn°p-∂Xv a\p-jys‚ kwth-Z-\-£-a-

X-bpsS ]cn--anXn-Iƒ amX-a-√. \ΩpsS

kwth-Z-t\µnb ]cn-[n-Iƒ°-I-

Øp≈ \nKq-V-X-Iƒ Xs∂ \mw a\-

n-em-°n-bn -cn -°p-∂-Xn -t\-°mƒ

FXtbm aSßv IqSp-X-em-Wv. AZr-

iy-X-bn-ep≈ hnizmkw GXv Xc-Øn-

ep-ffXmbmepw AXv Xo¿--®bmbpw

H∂p-an-√m-bva-bn-ep≈ hnizm-k-a√

Xs∂. H∂p-a-√m-bva-bn¬ hniz-kn-

°pI F∂Xv AZr-iy-Im-cy-ß-fn-ep≈

hnizmk Xnc-kvIm-c-am-Wv. Cu

kq‡-ß-fn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ]Xn`

hnizm-kn-I-fpsS k©m-c-]-Y-ßsf

t_m[-Zo-]vX-am-°p-Ibpw I≠p-]n-Sn-

Ø-ßƒ°v th≠n-bp≈ \nc-¥c

]bm-W-co-Xn-bn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. Ahsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw H∂pw \nc¿∞-Ihpw \n»q-

\y-hp-a-√. hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ koam-

XoX WvUm-c-ßƒ Is≠-Øp-hm≥

Xnc-»o-e-bp-b¿Ø-s∏-tS≠ Xmakw

amX-ta-bp-≈q.

\mw Ic-ÿ-am-°nb Cu A¬]

⁄m\-Øn¬ \msa-X-Xs∂ Al-¶-

cn-®mepw am\w sXm´p \n¬°p-∂ -a-

e-\n-c-Iƒ°cp-hnse aÏq-\-t]mse

AXbpw \n m-c-am-W-h. `qan-bnse

]¿∆X \nc-Iƒ, A\-¥hpw Ahn-cm-

a-hp-a-s√∂v \ap-°-dn-bmw. F∂m¬ \

ΩpsS N¿®-bn-en-cn-°p∂ Cu hn

⁄m-\-]¿∆X \nc-Iƒ BZnbpw A

¥y-hp-an-√msX A\-¥-X-bpsS A]m-

c-X-bn¬ hym]n®p In-S-°p-I-bm-Wv.n


l-k-m_vZ-ß-fpsS kw kvIm-

c-ßƒ kzmwioI-cn-®n´pw e£-

Øn¬]cw ]hmNI∑m¿ Ah

-X-cn-®n´pw ssIøq-°mWv icn (Mightis Right) F∂ Im´p-\n-b-a-amWv ka-Im-

eo\ temI-\o-Xn. temIw AXv \n»

_vZw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. Cu BtKm-

f-h-\-Ønse arK-cm-P≥ Ata-cn-°bpw!

sN∂m-b-bpsS \ymbw ]d™v Zp¿

∫e cmjvS-ßsf A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øm

\pw Ahn-SpsØ kºØv sIm≈-b-

Sn°m≥ AhnsS Xma-kn--°p-∂hsc

Iq´s°me \S-Ønbpw Ah-cpsS

tZiØv \n∂v Ahsc Bń-∏m-bn®pw

Ah¿ Xn∑-bpsS Hcp BtKmf

kmamPyw Xo¿Øncn°p-I-bm-Wv. B

Ata-cn-°-s°-Xnsc Hcp Dinc≥ ]Xo-

I-am -bn -cp∂p k±mw lpssk≥.

apkvenw temI-Øns‚ kl-P-amb

PnlmZn kz]v\-ßƒ°v Poh≥ \¬Ip-

sa∂v ]Xo-£n® lotdm! ]t£ Hcp

bmN-I-s\-t]mse ]mdn-∏d™ Xeap-

Snbpw \o≠-Xm-Sn-bp-ambn Ata-cn-°≥

ssk\n-Is‚ ssIøpsS Ne-\-

ßƒ°\p-k-cn®v Xe -h-i-ß-fn-te°v

Ncn-®p-sIm-Sp°pIbpw hmb Xpd-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv I≠-t∏mƒ IÆp-

Iƒ°v Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-ambn tXm∂n.

Ipam-c-\m-im≥ ]mSn-b-Xp-t]mse

lm kpJ-ßƒ shdpw

Pmew Bc-dnhq \nb-Xn-X≥

Xmkp-s]m-ßp-∂Xpw Xmt\

XmWp t]mhXpw!

.........................................

lm! aXn taml-Øm¬ sNbvX

kml-k-sam-∂-Xn-\n-∂n

∏q arZp-ta-\n-bm-ƒ

s]Spw ]mSp-I-≠nt√!

\mahpw cq]hpa‰

\n¿±-bamw \nb-ata

òa-at√m \ns‚ ZWvU

]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ (I-cp-W)

k±mw lpssks\ ab-°p-a-cp∂v

\¬Intbm Hfn-™n-cp∂ Ad-bn-te°v

ab°v hmXIw IS-Øn-hnt´m Poh-—-

h-am-°n-b-Xn\v tij-amWv Iog-S-°n-

bsX∂v hy‡w. k±m-ans\ _‘p-

°ƒ H‰p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-sW-∂pw Ip¿Zv

ssk\n-I¿ ]nSn-®-Xm-sW∂pw hm¿Ø-

bp-≠v. GXm-bmepw Ata-cn° ]d--bp-

∂Xv hniz-kn-°m≥ C\n Imcy-t_m-

[-ap-≈hsc In´p-sa∂v tXm∂p-∂n-√.

k±m-ans‚ Zb-\o-b-amb Iog-S-ß¬

Ad_v temI-Øn\v hniz-kn-°m-\m-bn-

√. Iog-S-ßp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ \√Xv

k±m-an\p Bfl-lXy sNø-em-bn-cp-

∂p F∂p-hsc Nne Ad_v ]X-ßƒ

A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu Iog-

-ß¬ as‰mcp alm kXyw hnfn-t®m-

Xp∂p. AXm-bXv Pnlm-Zns‚ \njv -

eX! Ata-cn-°≥ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬

apkvenw temI-Øn-s\-Xnsc Cdßn

]pd-s∏´p Ign™ Cu Z÷men

i‡n-s°-Xnsc kmbp[ PnlmZv

\njv -e-am-sW∂v Bbn-c-Øn \m\qdv

h¿j-ßƒ°p apºv dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n

(k) ]d-™Xv FX hmkvX-hw.

]´mf iucy\mSy-Øn-epw, BVw-

_-c-ß-fnepw amXw i≤m-ep-°fmb

Ad_v `c-Wm-[n-Imcn-I-fn¬ km[m-

cW ImWp∂ kml-kn-I-\mb Hcp

`c-Wm-[n-Imcn amX-am-bn-cp∂p k±mw.

1990 ¬ k±mw IpsshØv A[n-\n-

thiw \S-Øn-b-t∏m-gmWv Ata-cn-°≥

\nb-¥-W-Ønep≈ am[y-a-ßƒ

DuXn ho¿∏n®v k±m-ans\ Ata-cn-

°-bpsS AXn- o-I-c-\mb ]Xn-tbm-Kn-

bm°n am‰n-b-Xv. k±m-an-s‚ dn-∏-ªn-

°≥ Km¿Uns\ ]‰n, _Akv ]m¿ń-

bpsS kwL-S\m tijnsb ]‰n,

AWp-t_mw_v \n¿ ΩmW]cn-]m-

Snsb∏-‰n, cmk ssPhm-bp[ tiJ-c-

sØ-]‰n, ssk\nI i‡n-sb-∏‰n

AXn-s‚-sb√mw A[n-]-\mb k±mw

AP-ø-\m-sW-∂m-bncp∂p sXmÆq-dp-

I-fnse ]Nm-c-Ww. apkvenw a\ v

BK-ln-°p∂ ]cn-th-j-ßfpw Na-b-

ß-fp-ap≈ t]mcmfn t\Xm-hmbn

k±mw am[y-a-ß-fn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-´-

t∏mƒ apkvenw temIw At±-lsØ

hoc ]pcp-j-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ata-cn-°≥

Xmev]-cy-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. a‰v Ad_v

`c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Isf k±mw òXn-bn¬

Xf-®n-Sm-\pw, AØcw òI-c-\mb

k±m-ans\ HXp-°m≥ Ata-cn° HmSn-

h-∂-Xn\v \ymbo-I-c-W-ap-≠m-°m\pw

th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p Cu ]NmcW

X¥w.

Ata-cn-°≥ am[y-a-ßƒ ]S®phn´

Cu hoc-I-Y-Iƒ hniz-kn®v apkvenw

a\- n¬ Hc-P-ø-\mb t]mcm-fn-bmbn

k±mw hf-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ k±mw Ata-cn° krjvSn®

Hcp IS-emkv t]mcm-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ata-cn-°≥ am[y-a-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-®Xv

t]mse k±m-ans‚ ssIbn¬ amc-Im-

bp-[-ßfpw bp≤-t°m-∏p-I-fpap-≠m-bn-

cp-s∂-¶n¬ Ata-cn-°≥ -Nm-c-°-Æp-

Iƒ AXv ImWp-Ibpw Ah¿ B

]tZ-iØv Imep-Ip-Øm≥ ss[cy-s∏-

SmsX AI-∂p-am-dp-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-

k±mw: ]cm-Pn-X-\mb t]mcmfn

k

Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ

apkm-^n¿


cp-∂p.

1979 ¬ CdmJv `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-

bn-cp∂ lkv\p¬ _°-dns\ Ata-

cn°≥ klm-b-tØmsS ]pd-Øm°n

s°m≠mWv k±mw CdmJv c-Wm-[n-

Im-cn-bm-b-Xv. sXm -SpØp≈ Jpssa-

\n-bpsS inbm hnπh c-WIq-SsØ

Ata-cn-°°v th≠n 1980 ¬ k±mw

BI-an-®p. F´p-h¿jw \o≠p-\n∂

bp≤-Øn¬ GXm≠p ]Øp-e£w

t]¿ sIm√-s∏´p. Aßs\ ]£p-_v-

[hpw c‡-]-¶n-e-hp-am-bn-cp∂p k±m-

ans‚ `c-W-Im-ew. c≠v ]Xn-‰m≠p

Ime-ambn am[y-a-ß-fn¬ \nd-™p-

\n∂ k±m-ans‚ Ah-km\w GXm-

bmepw Zmcp-W-ambn. Ata-cn-°≥

A\o-Xn°pw AI-a-Øn-\psa-Xnsc

\s´√v hf-°msX \mhv sIms≠

¶nepw t]mc-Sn® [oc≥ F∂ \ne°v

temI-Ønse henb Hcp P\-hn- m-K-

Øns‚ kl-Xm-]hpw A\p-`m-hhpw

hocm-cm-[\bpw k±m-ans‚ t\¿°p-

≠m-bn-cp∂p.

1990 ¬ k±mw IpsshØv Iog-S-

°n-bXv Xs∂ Ata-cn-°-bpsS t]c-

W-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂sØ Cdm-

Jnse A-ta-cn-°≥ Aw_m-k-U¿

G]n¬ •mkvho 1990 Pqsse 25 \v

\S-Ønb IqSn-°m-gvN-bn¬ Ipssh-

Øns\ BI-an-°m≥ k±m-ans\ ]-

tcm-£-ambn t]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ata-

cn° \njv]£ au\w ]men°p-sa-∂p-

d∏p sImSp-°p-IbpamWp-≠m-b-Xv.

Cdm-Jnse FÆ kºØv sIm≈-b-

Sn-°m-\pw Hcp apkvenw cmPy-Øns‚

`mhnsb Ii°n-sb-dn-bm-\pap≈ Ata-

cn--°bp-tSbpw Ckm-tb-en-s‚bpw

KqVm-tem-N-\bpw sIWn-bp-am-bn-

cp∂p AsX∂v Ahcp-ambn Nßm-Ø-

Øn-em-bn-cp∂ k±mw Adn-™n-cp-∂n-

√. ]n∂oSv Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn s]mcpXn

\n¬°msX GI-] -£o -b -ambn

Ipssh-Øn¬ \n∂v k±mw ]n≥amdn-

sb-¶nepw Ata-cn° Cdm-Jns\ BI-

an-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. 1991 P\p-hcn

17\v Bcw- n® BI-a-Ww 43 Znhkw

\o≠p-\n∂p. NcnX ]kn-≤-amb

_mKvZmZv \Kcw Hcp Xo®p-f-t]mse

IØn Pzen -®p. t_mw_n-Sm≥

1,06,000 thyma ZuXy-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p

Ata-cn°≥ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ kJy-

tk-\ \S-Øn-b-Xv.~ Hcp e£-Øn-ap-∏-

Xn-\m-bncw knhn-en-b-∑mcpw Hcp

e£Øn Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bncw ]´m-f-

°mcpw ac-W-a-S-™p. Cdm-Jn¬ hym

]-I-ambn BWh ]k-c-W-ap≈ shSn-

bp-≠-Iƒ \nt£-]n-®p. CdmJn¬

P\n-®p-ho-gp∂ mhn-X-e-apd P\n-X-I

sshI-ey-ß-tfmsS HSp -ßn-t∏m-

IWsa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Dt±-iyw. F√m-

‰n-\p-ap-]cn acp-∂pw £-W-hp-a-S°w

11 h¿jsØ kºq¿Æ D]-tcm-[hpw.

]Xn-\©v e£w Ip™p-ßfmWv D]-

tcm[ ka-bØv acn-®Xv. sNIp-Øm≥

t]mepw `b-s∏´p t]mIp∂ Cu

IqcX \S-Øn-bn´pw kpkvta-c-h-Z-\-

\bmbn \ap°p apºn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-

Sp∂ _pjns‚ [m¿Ωn-I-X-bpsS Dd-

hnSw GXm-sW∂v \sΩ A¤p-X-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂p.

Iq´-\-io-I-c-Wm-bp-[-ßfpw, cmk-

ssP-hm-bp-[-ti-J-c-ßfpw BW-hm-

bp[ \n¿ΩmW kwcw- -ß-fpw k±mw

lpssks‚ ssIhiw Ds≠∂v tem

Iw apgp-h\pw I≈ ]NmcWw \S-

Øn-bmWv Cdm-Jns\ Ata-cn° Ah-

km-\-ambn BI-an®p Iog-S-°n-b-Xv.

B Btcm-]-W-ß-sf√mw ip≤ If-

hm-sW∂v temIw apgp-h\pw Adn-

™p. sImSpw òI-c-s\∂v ]d™

k±mw lpssk\pw ]nSnbnem-bn.

At±lw hnNm-c-Wbpw ImØp Ign-

bp-I-bm-Wv. Cdm-Jn-s‚bpw temI-Øn-

s‚bpw kam-[m-\-Øn\pw c£°pw

th≠nbp≈ Ata-cn°bpsS ZuXyw

AtXmsS ]q¿Øn-bm-bn. F¶n¬

Ah¿ Ign-bp-∂Xpw thKw CdmJv

hnSp-I-bt√ th≠-Xv? ]t£, ]gb

Btcm-]-W-ß-sf-√mw Xß-fmtWm

D∂-bn-®Xv F∂v kwi-bn-∏n-°p-amdv

Ata-cn° Ct∏mƒ AXn-s\-°p-dn-

s®m∂pw ]d-bmsX Cdm-Jnse FÆ

tamj-W-Øn¬ apgp-In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

AXm-bn-cp-∂t√m Ah-cpsS ]ca

ZuXyw.

k±m-an-s\-Xnsc XnI®pw Ifhv

]N-cn-∏n® Ata-cn-°≥ ta¬ssI

bp≈ Ct∏m-gsØ CdmJv c-W-Iq-S-

Øns‚ Iogn¬ hnNm-cW FX-amXw

\oXn-]q¿∆-I-am-bn-cn-°pw? IpsshØv

BI-a-W-Øn\p apºv _Akv ]m¿ń

`c-W-Øn\p Iogn¬ Ip¿±p-I-sfbpw

inbm-°-tfbpw Iayq-Wn-Ãp-I-tfbpw

sIms∂m-Sp -°n-b-Xn-\pw Cdms\

BI-an-®-Xn\pw Cdm-Jns‚ Iq´p-]Xn

Ata-cn-°-bm-Wv. k±mw lpssk-s\-

Xnsc hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂-Xn\v apºv _pjv

Hcp Imcyw Hm¿°-Ww. 1990 se Cdm-

Jns‚ IpsshØv A[n-\n-th-isØ

ØpS¿∂v Ata-cn° Cdm-Jn-s\-Xnsc

\S-Ønb bp≤ Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-sf-°p-dn-

®-t\z-jn-°m≥ ]\m-a-°m-c-\mb H¬K

sa¬Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ bp. F≥.

Hc-t\z-jW IΩo-j-s\ \nb-an®ncp-

∂p. 1991 sabv amkw apX¬ sXfn-

sh-Sp-∏m-cw- n® B At\z-jW IΩo-

j≥ C∂sØ _pjns‚ hµy-]n-Xmhv

ko\n-b¿ _pjv sNbvX Ip‰-Ir-Xy-

ßƒ kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn sXfnbn®n-

´p-≠v. k±m-ans\ hnNm-cW sNø-W-

sa∂pw h[-in£ \¬I-W-sa∂pw

]d-bp∂ Ata-cn-°≥ ]kn-U≠v

_pjv AXn-t\-°mƒ FXtbm Ccń

Ip‰w sNbvX Xs‚ ]nXm-hn\v \¬

tI≠ in£bpw Xm≥ A\p- -hn-t°

≠ in£bpw IqSn ]d-bm≥ _m≤y-

ÿ-\m-Wv. GXm-bmepw B in£sb

]‰n _pjv Hm¿Øn-s√-¶nepw ssZhw

ad-°n-s√-t∂m¿°p-I.

bp≤-\oXn

bp≤w sNøs∏Sp -∂-h¿°v

(Xncn®pw bp≤w sNøm≥) A\p-

aXn \¬I-s∏- n-cn°p-∂p. -F-s¥-

∂m¬ Ah¿ AI-an-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√mlp

Ahsc klm-bn-°m≥ Ign-hp-≈-

h-\m-Ip-∂p.

(hn. Jp¿-B≥ 22:40)

n


I-^m-js‚ ]dp-Zok F∂-dn-

b-s∏-Sp∂ ^m≥k,v Kh¨

sa‚ v kvIqfp-I-fn-epw Hmô

kpIfnepw hnZym¿∞n-\n -I-fpw,

kvXoIfpw Xe-a-d-°p∂ intcm-

hkvXw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂

\nbaw sIm≠p-h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Zo¿L-

Im-esØ Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N-\-Iƒ°pw

N¿®-Iƒ°pw tijw ^©v ]kn-

U≠v Xs∂-bmWv C°mcyw ]Jym-

]n-®-Xv. aXhpw cmjvShpw XΩn¬ apSn-

\m-cng _‘w t]mepw ]mSn√ F∂v

iTn-°p∂ ^©v dn∏-_vfn°v sk°p-

e-dn-k-Øns‚ t]cn-emWv hnhm-Zm-fl-

I-amb Cu I¿i\ \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-

®n- p-≈-Xv.

1989˛emWv Xe-a-d-°¬ hnhmZw

Bcw -`n -°p -∂-X v . ^m≥knse

sIbn¬ F∂ ]´-W-Ønse K_n-

tb¬ lmthkv F∂ kv°qfnse

apkvenw s]Ïp- n-Iƒ Xe-a-d®v hcp-

∂-Xns‚ t]cnembn-cp∂p kvIq fn¬

\n∂pw ]pd-Øm-°n-b-Xv. Cu ]pd-Øm-

°-en\ v ]n∂n¬ PqX-I -c -ßƒ

]h¿Øn®n p≠v F∂Xpw Ah-K-Wn-

®p-IqSm. kw`hw Cß-s\-bm-Wv.

kvIqfnse blqZn hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ

ÿnc-ambn i\n-bmgvN Znhkw ¢m n

¬ Ah-[n-sb-Sp-°pw. AXp-t]mse

sk]vXw-_-dn¬ kv°qƒ Xpd°p-

tºmƒ aX-]-c-amb BtLm-j-ßƒ

ImcWw ]Øv Znhkw sshIn-bmWv

blqZ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ FØm-dp-≈-Xv.

hnizm-k-]camb Imc-W-ß-fm¬

CsXm-cn-°epw A\p-h-Zn-°n√ F∂v

kv°qƒ A[n-Ir-X¿ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

]t£ blqZ hnZym¿∞n-I-fpsS

c£n-Xm-°-∑mcpw kv°qfnse Nne

s]m^-k¿amcpw apkvenw s]Ïp-

ń-Iƒ [cn-°p∂ intcm-h-kvX-Øns‚

(slUv kvIm-^v) Imcyw CXn¬ Dƒ

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. blq-Zn-I-fpsS

aX-]-c-amb Hcp BNmcw \ntj-[n-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ apkvenw s]Ïp- n-I-

fpsS aX-]-c-amb BNmcw F∂

\ne°v intcm-hkvXw [cn-°m\pw

A\p-h-Zn-°-cpXv F∂v Ah¿ Bh-iy-

s∏- p. amX-a√ AXv ASn-a-Ø-Øn-t‚-

bpw, ]pcpj hnt[-b-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw

Nn”-amsW∂pw s]m^-k¿am¿

\ymbw ]d-™p. Aß-s\-bmWv Xo-

cp-am-\w \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv. kvIm v [cn-

s®-Ønb apkvenw hnZym¿∞n-\nIƒ

kv°qfn¬ \n∂pw ]pd-Øm--bXv

apX¬°mWv hnhm-Z-ßƒ Bcw- n-°p-

∂-Xv. temIØv Fhn-sS-bp-ap≈

apkvenw t\XrXzw F√m ]iv\-ß-

tfmSpw PnlmZn kv]ncn-t‰msS sshIm-

cn-I-ambn amXw ]Xn-I-cn®p ioen-®-

h-cm -Wv. ]Iz -X-bp -sS -bpw, a[y-

h¿ØnXz-Øn-t‚bpw, bp‡n-t_m-[-

Øn-s‚bpw i_vZw Hcp apkvenw

]WvUn-Xs‚ \mhn¬ \n∂pw Adn-

bmsX t]mepw hogm-dn-√. CØcw

]iv\-ßfn¬ _p≤n-]q¿∆w kwhm-Z-

ßfpw N¿®-Ifpw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-

Xn\v ]Icw sXcp-hp-I-fn¬ XIv_o¿

apg°n ]I-S\w \S-Øp-I-bmWp

apkvenwI-fpsS ]Xnhv. Ckvemans\

A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-K-ln-°p-∂-

h¿°v PnlmZo _m[-bp≈ apkvenw

IfpsS Cu s]mXpP\- a-\:-imkvXw

\∂m-b-dn-bmw-. -A-Xp-sIm≠v IqSn-

bmWv apkvenwIsf FXn¿°m-\m-K-

ln-°p-∂-h¿ CØcw sshIm-cnI

]iv\-ß-fn¬ ssIsh-°p-∂-Xv. ^m≥

kn-em-bmepw apkvenwIƒ Cu A]-

kvam-c-_m-[-bn¬ \n∂pw ap‡-c√.

^m≥kn¬ hS-°≥ B^n°-

bn¬ \n∂pw IpSn -tbdn∏m¿Ø

50e£w apkvenwIfp-≠v. CXv Hu

tZym-KnI IW-°mWv. 70 e£ap-s≠-

∂mWv A\u-tZym-KnI IW°v.

bqtdm-∏nse ssIkvXh cmPy-ß-fn¬

sh®v G‰hpw henb apkvenw P\-kw-

Jy -bp≈ cmPy -amWv ^m≥kv.

]m›mXy ssIkvXh cmPy-ß-fn¬

s]mXpth apkvenwI-tfmSv ImWn-

°p∂ Ak-ln-jvWp-Xbpw ]£-t -Z-

ßfpw BI-a-W-ßfpw \mƒ°p-\mƒ

IqSn-h-cp-∂Xv Cu Ime-L-´-Øns‚

]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. a[y-Im-e-L- -Øn¬

ssIkvXh bq-tdm-]y≥ \mSp--I-fnepw

djy-bnepw Pq-X-∑m¿s°Xn-cm-bn-cp-∂p

CØcw hn`m-Kob \nba \n¿Ωm-W-

ßfpw BI-a-W-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-

Xv. CXbpw henb Hcp apkvenw P\-

k-©-bsØ Dƒs°m≈p∂ ^m≥kv

CØcw \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-ßƒ \S-Øn-

s°m≠v A-hsc ^©v apJy-[m-c-

bn¬ \n∂v AI-‰n- ]m-¥-h¬°cn-°m-

\p≈ Hcp ia-amtWm CsX∂v kwi-

bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sk°p-e-dn-k-

Øns‚ _e-h-Ømb ASn-Ø-d-bp≈

^m≥kn¬ t]mepw Cu Ak-ln-

jvWp-Xbpw shdp∏pw IS-∂p-h-cp∂p

F∂mWv CXv sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xv.

1789se ^©p hnπ-h-Øn\v tijw

XnI®pw aX \n¿ap-‡-amb sk°p-

e-dnkw F∂ cmjvSob Z¿i\w

kzoI-cn® ^m≥kv sk°p-e-dn-k-

Øns‚ t]cn-emWv Xe-a-d-°p-∂-Xn-s\-

Xnsc \nbaw ]m m-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv

^m≥knse Xe-a-d-°¬ hnhm-Zhpwsk°p-e-dn-khpw

tem

Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ

apkm-^n¿


hni-Zo-I-c-Ww.

sk°p-e-dn-k-Øn\v Hcp ]p\-cm-

Jym\w \¬tI≠ kµ¿ -am-Wn-sX∂v

tXm∂p-∂p. bqtdm-∏n¬ sk°p-e-

dnkw hnI-kn-®Xv A‘ \oXn \S-

∏m-°nb InkvXob aX-cm-jvS-ß-fp-

ambn G‰p-ap-ń-s°m-≠m-Wv. AXp-

sIm≠v aX-hn-cp-≤-X-bpsS ]›m-

Øew sk°p-e-dnkw F∂ Bi-b-

Øn-\p-≠v.

sk°p-e-dn-kw, tkmjy-en-kw,

P\m-[n]Xyw apX-emb Aaq¿Ø-amb

Bi-b-ßƒ \nc-¥cw hnI-kn-°p-

Ibpw ]pXnb A¿∞-ßƒ tXSp-

Ibpw kzbw ]pjvSn-s∏-´psIm-≠n-cn

°p-∂-Xp-amb kmaq-lnI XXz-ß-fm-

Wv. Hcp Ime-L- -tØmSpw ]Xy-b-im-

kvX-tØmSpw AXns\ _‘n®p

\n¿Øp-∂Xv icn-b-√. Ah°v \nb-

Xm¿∞w Iev]n®v tUmKvaIsf t]m

se BZ¿ihXv Icn-°p-∂-Xv auen-I-

hm-Z-]-c-am-Wv. sk°p-e-dn-k-Øn\v

km[m-c-W-bmbn atX-X-c-Xzw, aX-\n-

c-t]-£-X, ùXn-I-hm-Zw, \nco-iz-c-

hmZw Fs∂ms° A¿∞w Iev]n-°m-

dp-≠v. CsXm∂pw sk°p-e-dn-k-Øn

s‚ A¿∞-ß-f-√. ]Z-\n-cp-‡n-bptS

tbm ]Z-\n-jv]-Øn-bp-tStbm ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ kmaqly kw⁄-Iƒ

°v A¿∞w Iev]n-°p-∂Xv im-kvXo-

b-hpa√. Cu \¬I-s∏´ A¿∞-ß-

sfm∂pw Xs∂ aXsØ kw_-‘n-

t®-S-tØmfw lnX-I-c-a-√. hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ aXsØ CI-gvØp-∂-Xm-W-h.

sk°p-e¿ ]In-b-bn¬ G‰hpw

kPo-h-ambn `mK-`m-°mtI≠ aX-

ßƒ CØcw A¿∞ Iev]-\-bn-eqsS

AI-∂p-I-gn-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂p. ipjvIhpw

Ime-l-c-W-s∏-´-Xp-amb Nne CS-

Xv]£ \n¿∆-N-\-ß-fm-W-h. CØcw

\n¿∆-N-\-ßfpw k¶-ev]-\-ßfpw

sIm≠v Hcp-]mSv Ime-am-bn- -sk-°p-e-

dn-ksØ aX-ßƒ kwi-b-tØmsS

t\m°p-∂p. F√m aX-hn-`m-K-ß-tf-

bpw, aX-an-√m-Ø-htc-bpw, aX-ß-fn¬

Xs∂-bp≈ Ahm-¥c-hn-`m-K-ß-

tfbpw \oXn-bpsS XXz-Øn¬ Hcp-an®v

cmjvS -\n¿ΩmW ]In-b-bn¬ ]s¶-

Sp-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv sk°p-e-dnkw

sIm≠v A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv. sk°p-e-

dnkw Ct∏mƒ Hcp cmjvSob

kn≤m¥w amX-a-√, AsXmcp Pohn-

X-ho-£Ww IqSn-bm-Wv. AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øns‚ \memw Jeo-^bpw

]KXv` Nn-¥-I-\p-amb lkvdØv

an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv(-d) Hcp

tNmtZym-Ø-c-th-f-bn¬ sk°p-e-dn-k-

Øn\v tIhe\oXn (Absolute Justice)F∂v A¿∞w \¬In-b-Xv Cu Ah-

k-c-Øn¬ kvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. atX-X-c-

Xzw, aX-\n-c-t]-£X F∂o A¿∞-

ßƒ °v ]Icw "tIh-e-\oXn' F∂v

sk°p-e-dn-k-Øn\v A¿∞w \¬In-

bm¬ F√m Pohn-X-]-Xyb imkvX-

ßƒ °pw Xß-fpsS kz¥w BZ¿-

i-ambn AXns\ ssItb¬°mw.

CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ sk°p-e-

dn-k-Øns‚ `c-W-]-c-amb GI-tZi

A¿∞w "tIh-e-\o-Xn-bn-e-[n-jvTn-

Xhpw \n¿Ωm-Wm-fl-I-hp-amb \njv]-

£X' F∂v ]d-bm-sa∂v tXm∂p-∂p.

GXm-bmepw sk°p-e-dn-k-Øn\v

Ct∏mƒ \¬Ip∂ A¿∞w aX-\n-c-

t]-£X, atX-X-cXzw Fs∂m-s°-bm-

Wt√m. Aßn-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ G‰

hpw ][m-\-amb Hcp Imcyw Hcp

cmjvS-Øns‚ (State) `c-W-Iq-SsØ

(Government) amX-amWv sk°p-e-

ssdkv sNtø-≠Xvv, P\-Xsb A√.

cmjvSw F∂Xv P-\-X, `c-W-Iq-Sw,

tZiw, ]c-am-[n-Imcw F∂o LS-I-ß

ƒ tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. c-W-Iq-S-Øn\v aX-

]-c-amtbm a‰p hn`m-Ko-b-amtbm bm

sXmcp ]£-]m-Xn-Xz-ßfpw sshIm-

cn-I- m-h-ßfpw ]mSn-√. adn®v P\-X°v

CsX-√m-am-hmw.. hnhn[ aX-Øn¬

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AXv BN-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂ ]uc-∑m-cpsS Ah-Im-

i-Øn\v aXhnap-‡-amb `c-W-IqSw

\oXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kwc-

£Ww \¬I-Ww. Npcp-°-Øn¬ aX-

\n-c-t]-£X F∂ A¿-∞-Øn¬ c-

W-Iq-S-sØ-bmWv sk°p-e-ssdkv

sNtø-≠Xv, P\-Xsb A√. P\X

sb atX-X-c-am-°m≥ AYhm sk°p-

e-ssdkv sNøm≥ IΩyq-WnÃv c-W-

Iq-S-ßƒ ian-®-Xns‚ Xncn-®-Sn-bmWv

Ah-cpsS ]cm-P-b-ß-fpsS apJy-Im-c-

W-ß-fn-sem-∂v.

Xe-a-d-°¬ ]iv\-Øn-te°v Xs∂

\ap°v aS-ßn-h-cmw. DSp-XpWn Agn-

®qcn Bkzm -Z -ß-fpsS ^mj≥

temIØv emky-\rØw Nhn-´p∂

^©p-Im-cpsS ^mj≥ hkvX-ß-

fpsS hnkvXo¿Æw apkvenw s]Ïp-

ń-bpsS intcm-hvk-X-tØ-°mƒ Ipd-

hm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn°mw Ah¿

intcm-h-kvXsØ A\m-h-iy-amb

hkvX-[q¿Øm-bn -°m -Wp -∂-Xv .

apkvenw hn-izmk Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hgn-

®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hmØ Hcp hkv-X-[m-cW

coXn F∂ \ne°v Kh¨sa‚ v AXn

¬ ssIISØp-∂Xv icn-b-√. A\y-

cpsS Poh-t\m, kzØnt\m A`n-am-\-

Ønt\m sskzcy-Po-hn-X-Øn-t\m,

A≤y-b-\-Ønt\m Hcp-t]m-d-ep-ta¬∏n-

°mØ apkvenw hnZym¿∞n-\n-I-fpsS

intcm-hkvXw \ntcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn¬

bmsXmcp bp‡n-bp-an-√. bqWnt^mw

F∂Xv a\p-jys‚ _mly-am-X-amb

Hcp sFIcq]-amWv. ]Ir-Xn-bnepw

kaq-l-Øn-ep-an-√mØ Cu sFI-cq]w

F¥n\v kvIqfpI-fn¬ Ipń-I-fpsS

ta¬ ASn-t®¬∏n-°Ww F∂ Imcyw

Xs∂ hnhm-Zm-fl-I-am-Wv. bqWnt^mw

[cn®v kvIqƒ ]T\w \S-Øp∂

hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Fs¥-¶nepw aqey-

ßƒ t\Sp∂p-sh-¶n¬ hkvX-ssh-hn-

[y-ß-fp≈ kaq-l-Øn-te°v ho≠pw

FØn-t®-cp -tºmƒ AXp--sIm≠v

F¥p ]tbm-P\w? bqWn-t^m-an\v

AXn-t‚-Xmb \m-a-amX KpW-ß-fp≠v

F∂Xv icn-X-s∂. Aan-X-amb ]Z¿i-

\m-fl-I-Xbn¬ \n∂pw AXv Ipń-

Isf \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w XS-bp∂p. Ir

Xn-a-amb Hcp ka-Xz-t_m[w krjvSn-

°pIbpw sNøp∂p. C¥y-sb-t]m-se-

bp≈ Zcn-Z-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ km[m-cW

hkvX-Øn\p ]pdsa bqWnt^mw

F∂ kvIqƒ hkvXw hmßp-∂Xv

]mh-ßƒ°v Hcm¿`mS hkvXp-hm-

sW∂pw \mw Hm¿°-Ww. Npcp-°-



Cdm-\nse qIºw

Cdm\n¬ Unkw-_¿ 28-\p-≠mb

`qI-º-Øn¬ 50,000 Bfp-I-fm

Wv acn-®-Xv. dnIv‰¿ kvsIbn¬

6.3 tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb qI-º-Øn¬ Ncn-

X-]-kn-≤-amb kn¬°v dqń-\-cnsI

bp≈ Nnc-]p-cm-X-\mb _mw \K-c-am

Wv ASn-ta¬ adn-™p-t]m-b-Xv. Cdm\v

kw`-hn® Cu Zpc-¥-Øn¬ Zp:Jw

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw lX-`m-Ky-cmb

_mw P\-X°v FXbpw thK-Øn¬

kam-izm-k-ap-≠m-hs´ F∂v ]m¿∞n-

°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. `qI-º-ßƒ

imkvX-Øn\v C∂pw ]nSn-In-´mØ

Hcp ka-ky-bm-Wv. \mw Fhn-sS-bm-

sW-¶nepw kz¥w Im¬]m-Z-ßƒ°v

Iosg Dd-®-Xm-sW∂v Icp-Xp∂ `qan

Ft∏m-ƒ thW-sa-¶nepw Iºn-X-am-

hmw! A]-h-N-\o-b-amWv qI-º-ßƒ!

`qan-im-kvX-]-c-ambn aq∂v henb

`p]m-fn-I-fpsS (Plate) kwKa ÿm\-

ØmWv Cdm≥ \n¬°p-∂-Xv. Cu

`p]m-fn --I-fpsS kΩ¿±-^-e-ambn

Cdm≥ Hcp A]-`wi taJe (Fault-ing Zone) BsW∂v qim-kvX-⁄¿

aptº ]d-™-Xm-Wv. Bh¿Øn®v

Cdm-\n¬ `qI-º-ß-fp-≠m-hm-\p≈

ImcWw CXm-sW∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-

s∏-ń-´p-≠v. 1971 ¬ 25,000 t]¿, 1990

¬ 50,000 t]¿, Ign™ h¿jw 250

t]¿ qI-º-ß-fn¬ sIm√-s∏- n- p-≠v.

`qI-º-ßƒ Hcn-°epw Bsf sIm√m-

dn-√. a\p-jy≥ \n¿Ωn-°p∂ sIń-S-

ß-fmWv `qI-º-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚

A¥-I-\mbn amdp-∂Xv. th≠-hn-[-

Øn¬ ]T\w \S-Øm-sXbpw ]cn-ÿn-

Xn°p A\p-tbm-Py-a-√m-Ø-Xp-ambn

sIńSw \n¿Ωn-°p∂XmWv CXn\v

apJy-Im-c-Ww. _mw \K-c-Ønse

\mS≥ CjvSn-Ibpw Nfnbpw D]-tbm-

Kn®p ]WnX hoSp-I-fmWv A[n-Ihpw

Ii-°n-sb-dn-b-s∏- -Xv. ]mc-º-cy-ambn

Hcp\ne sIń-S-ß-fn¬ hkn-®ncp∂

_mw P\X \-K-c-h-XvI-c-WsØ XpS¿

∂p X´p-I-fp≈ sIń-S-ß-fn-te°v

Xmakw am‰n-b-XmWv ac-W-kwJy

CX- -IqSm≥ Imc-Ww. ]nt∂m°

]tZ-i-amb \K-c-Ønse sIń-S-ßƒ

KpW-ta-∑-bn¬ hfsc \ne-hmcw Ipd-

™-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p. sI- nS \n¿Ωm-W-

Øn-¬ ImWn® Cu A\-h-[m-X-\-

bmWv ac-W-kwJy Ac-e£-tØm-f-

ambn Db¿-Ønb-Xv. amX-a√ _mw ] -

W-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ c≠v Bip-]-Xn-

Ifpw qI-º-Øn¬ XI¿∂p-t]m-bn-cp-

∂p. dnIv‰¿ kvsI bn¬ 6. 5 tcJ-s∏-

Sp-Ønb Hcp h≥ `qIºw Ign-™-

bmgvN Ata-cn°-bnse Imen-t^m¿

Wn-b-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

temkv B©-ekv apX¬ km≥

^m≥knkvtIm hsc-bp≈ IS¬Øo

cw qI-º-Øn¬ Ipep-ßn-. ]t£ acn-

®Xv aq∂p t]¿ amXw. Ata-cn-°≥

P\-X-bpsS sIńS \n¿Ωm-W-Ønse

anI-hm-bn-cp∂p AXn\v Imc-Ww. 2001

¬ KpP-dm-Ønse eØq-cnse qI-º-

Øn¬ acn-®-h-cpsS FÆw 30,000

tØmf-ambn Db¿∂Xpw Cu ]nt∂m-

°m-hÿ sIm≠p-Xs∂. qan-im-kvX-

]-c-ambn A]-`wi taJ-ebn¬ Xma-

kn-°p∂ ]n-t∂m°°mcpw ]mh-s∏-

-h-cp-amb P\-ßƒ°v CØcw Zpc-¥-

ßsf AXn-Po-hn-°m\pw CØcw

kwò-Xm-h-ÿ-Isf XcWw sNøm

\pw ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ip-Ibpw sIńS

\n¿Ωm-W-ß-fn¬ qI-º-ßsf AXn--

Po-hn-°m-\p≈ Iao-I-c-W-ßƒ I¿i-

\-ambn \S-∏m-°p-Ibpw thWw.

imkvXw CX-b-[nIw ]ptcm-K-an-

®n´pw qI-º-ßsf ]‰n ]h-Nn-°m≥

Ct∏mgpw qan-imkvXØn\p Ign-™n-

ń-√. Npg-en-°m-‰pw, sImSp-¶m‰pw

t]am-cnbpw Gsd-°ptd ]h-N-\o-b-am-

Wv. ImcWw Ah cq]-s∏-Sp∂ LS-

I-ßƒ \nco-£W tbmKyhpw Af-

°m≥ km[n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. F∂m¬

A⁄mX cl-ky-ß-fpsS Ie-h-d-

bmb qK¿`-ta-Je a\p-jy\v C∂pw

Gsd°psd A]m-]y-am-Wv. AXp-

sIm-≠mWv qIºw ]h-N-\-Øn\v hg-

ßp-∂-X-s√∂v Pntbm-f-Pn-Ãp-Iƒ

BW-bn-Sp-∂-Xv. mhn-bn¬ Cu Ah-

ÿ-amdn qI-º-ßsf IrXy-ambn ]h-

Nn°m≥ Hcp ]t£ imkvX-Øn\p

Ign-t™-°mw.

Hcp ]mSv \nKqV cl-ky-ßƒ

t]dp∂sX¶nepw qan a\p-jy\v A[o-

\-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p F∂mWv Jp¿-B≥

]d-bp-∂-Xv. ""BImi `qan-I-fpsS

cl-ky-ßƒ A-√m-lp-hn-\p-≈-Xm-Wv.''

(11:124) B clky hnh-c-ßfpw AXn

se hkvXp-°fpw a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn\v

Ah-cpsS _p≤n-]-c-amb hf¿®-°-\p-

k-cn®v ItaW e`y-am-Ipsa∂pw

A√m lp Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp-∂p.

"BIm-i-ß-fnepw `qan-bn-ep-ap-≈-

sX√mw A√mlp \nßƒ°v A[o-\-

s∏ -Sp -Øn -s°m -≠n -c n -°p -∂Xpw

Ahs‚ ]Xy-£hpw ]—∂-hp-amb

A\p-K-l-ßƒ \nßƒ°v ]q¿Øn-

bm°n X∂n-cn-°p-∂Xpw \nßƒ

I≠nt√'' (31:21) `mhn-bn¬ `qIº

ßfp≠m-Ip-tºmƒ kwò-X-\m-hp∂

a\p-jy≥ IqSp-X¬ ]T-\-ßƒ \S-Øn

AXn-eqsS qansb kw_-‘n®v hnh-

c-ßƒ kzmb-Ø-am-°psa∂pw Jp¿-

B≥ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. "`qan-i-‡n-bm

Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ

apkm-^n¿


bn ]I-º\w sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw `qan

AXns‚ `mc-ßƒ ]pd-¥-≈p-Ibpw

AXn-s\¥p kw`-hn-®p-sh∂v a\p-

jy≥ tNmZn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ

A∂m-fn¬ AXv AXns‚ (tKm-]y-

amb) hrØm-¥-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xm-

Wv'' (99:1-˛5)

`qan-bpsS Nne `mK-ß-fn¬ kw`-

cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Du¿÷w, AYhm a¿±w

s]s´∂p tamNn-X-am-hp-tºm-gmWv qN-

e\w A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. \mw Ipf-

Øn¬ Is√-dn-bp-tºmƒ \mep hi-

tØ°pw Hmf-ßƒ \oßp-∂Xv t]m

se D¬`h tIµ-Øn¬ \n∂pw (Hypocentre) Du¿÷ Xcw-K-ßƒ D≠m-

hp∂p. utam-]-cn-X-e-Ønse BLm

X tIµ-Øn¬ (Epic centre) Ah Ne-

\-ambn \ap-°-\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂p. qI-º-

ß-fpsS D¬`-h-tI-µw D]-cn-Xew

apX¬ 720 Intem-ao-‰¿ hsc Bg-Øn-

epf-f- `qta-J-e-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. ]e

Imc-W-ßƒ sIm≠pw `qI-º-ß-fp-

≠mhmw. Ah aq∂mbn Xcw Xncn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. `qh¬°-Ønse ]mfn-I-

fpsS Ne\w aqe-ap-≈h (Tactonic)A·n ]¿∆X kvt^mS-\-Øn¬ \n∂p-

≠m-hp-∂h (Volcanic) `qan-bpsS

AKm[Øn¬ \n∂p-≠m-hp -∂h

(Putonic) F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv. CXn¬

`q]m-fn-I-fpsS Ne\w aqe-ap≈ `qI-

º-ß-fmWv A[n-Ihpw kw -hn-°p-∂-

Xv. sπbn‰vSmIvt‰m-WnIv (Plate tactonic)F∂ ]-Xn- mkw aqeamWv CXv kw-

`-hn-°p∂Xv. `qan-bpsS ]pdw-tXmSv

XpS¿®-bmb Hcp ]X--e-as√∂pw

]XypX 10 henb tπ‰p-I-fmepw 20

sNdnb tπ‰p-I-fmepw Ah \n¿Ωn-X-

am-sW∂pw AXv Pe-Øn\p aosX

s]mßn-°n-S-°p∂ ac-°-jvW-ßƒ

t]mse ]c-kv]cw AI-ep-Ibpw ASp-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂p-amWv sπbn

‰v Sm-Ivt‰m-WnIvkv kn≤m-¥-Øns‚

ImX¬. ae-Ifpw ]¿∆-X-ßfpw cq]-

s∏-Sm\pw qI-º-ß-fp-≠m-hm\pw aqe

ImcWw Cu Ne-\-ßƒ Xs∂.

A¤p-X-I-c-sa∂v ]d-bs´ hn. Jp¿-

B\n¬ A[p-\m-X-\-amb sπbn‰v

SmIvt‰m-Wn-°ns\°pdn®v hfsc

hy‡-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠v. "`qan-

bn¬ ASp-Ø-SpØv InS-°p∂ ]e

JWvUß-fp-ap-≠v.' (13:5) "]¿∆-X-ßƒ

Dd®p \n¬°p∂Xmbn \o [cn-°p-

∂p. F∂m¬ AXv taL-ßƒ Nen-

°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Nen-°p∂p. F√m

hkvXp-°fpw krjvSn®v _e-s∏-Sp-Øn-

bn-cn-°p∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ ]h¿Ø-

\-am-Wn-Xv'. (27:89)

\ΩpsS C¥y D]-`q-JWvUw X

s∂ Cßs\ h¿jw tXmdpw \mep

apX¬ A©v sk. ao hsc hS-°p-`m-

K-tØ°v \o-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. `qa-[y-tc-J°v Xmsg-bm-bn-cp∂

C¥y Hcp ImeØv tKm≠m hm\m

(Gon-dwana) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp

h≥I-c-bpsS mK-am-bn-cp∂p. qa-≤y-

tc-J°v XmgØv \n∂pw C¥y tImSn-

°-W-°n\v h¿j-ßƒ sIm≠v 3000

In. ao‰¿ k©-cn-®mWv C∂sØ

ÿe-sØ-ØnbXv F∂v imkvXw

]d-bp-tºmƒ \mw Aºc°p∂nt√?

Cßns\ qJ-WvU-ßƒ AI∂v amdn-

b-Xns‚ sXfn-hmWv temI-`q-]-Sw.

`q]-S-Øn¬ qJ-WvU-ß-fpsS BIr

Xn H∂n®p \n∂ JWvU-ßƒ th¿s∏-

´Xv t]mse-bmWv. sπbn‰v SmIvt‰m-

WnIv XØz-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ qJ-WvU-

ß-fpsS an√n-ao-‰¿ Ne\w hsc C∂vv

D]-Klw aptJ\ IrXy-X-tbmsS

Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp∂ t•m_¬

s]mkn-j-\nßv knÃw (Global posi-tioning system) C∂v \ne-hn-ep≠v. hS-

t°m´v Gjy≥ sπbn-‰n-te°v C¥y

Ct∏mgpw Xn°n°-b-dp-∂Xv sIm≠m

Wv lnam-eb ]¿∆Xw D≠m-b-Xv.

`q]m-fn-I-fpsS Cu Ne\w aqew lnam-

eb≥ ]m¥-ß-ƒ C-S-°nsS `qN-e-

\-ßƒ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂ `wi taJ-

e-bm-Wv.

henb AW-s°- p-Iƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-

∂Xv `qI-º-ßƒ°v Imc-W-amIp

sa∂p ]d-b-s∏Sp-∂p. Cßns\ a\p-

jys‚ \n¿Ωm-W-ßƒ aqe-ap≠m-

Ip∂ `qI-º-ßsf t]cnX `qIº

ßƒ (Induced earthquakes) F∂v ]d-

bp-∂p. h≥ AW-s°- p-Iƒ ]Wn-bp-

tºmƒ Ct∏mƒ kq£va-ambpw hni-

Z-ambpw `q]-T-\-ßƒ \S-Øm-dp-≠v.

`qI-º-ßƒ D≠m-hp-∂-Xn\v apºmbn

Nne ]£n arKm-Zn-Iƒ ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-

Iƒ \¬-Ip-∂-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p.

`qI-º-ßƒ°v ap-t∂m-Sn-bmbn utam-

]-cn-X-e-Øp-≠m-hp∂ t\cnb Iº-\-

ßfpw uam-¥¿`mK-Øp-\n∂pw uam-

¥-co-£-Øn-te°v han-°p∂ hmX-I-

ß-fpsS km∂n-[yhpw a\p-jy-t\-

°mƒ Cµnb kwth-Z\£a-X-bp≈

AØcw Pohn-Iƒ Kln-°p-∂Xv

sIm≠m-hmw Akm-[m-cWamb Ah-

bpsS s]cp-am-‰-ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xv. qI-º-

Øn‚ ]T-\-ß-fn¬ hfsc tbsd

apt∂m-´p-t]mb ssN\ P¥p-°-fpsS

CØcw s]cp-am-‰-ßfpw `qI-º-hp-

ambn _‘-s∏SpØn imkvXo-b-ambn

]Tn-°p-∂p≠v. ssN\-bnse ]g-a-

°m¿ CØcw arK-ß-fpsS hnNnX

s]cp-am‰w t\m°n `qIºw ]h-Nn-

°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-

∂p. AXp-t]mse Pem-i-b-ß-fn-ep-

≠m-Ip∂ Xnc-bn-f-°-ßfpw sh≈-

Øns‚ hnXm\w s]m-ßp-Ibpw Xmgp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂Xpw `qN-e-\-ß-fpsS

ê-am-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. c≠v

h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv tIc-f-Øn-ep-≠mb

`qN-e-\-ßƒ°v apºpw ]n≥]pw

CØcw ]Xn- m-k-ßƒ hym]-I-ambn

D≠m-b-Xmbn ]X-ß-fn¬ hm¿Ø

h∂n-cp-∂p.

`qI-º-ßfpsS \nKq -V-X-Iƒ

C∂pw sNdnb iX-am\w t]mepw

A\m-h-cWw sNø-s∏- n- n-√. a\pjy

s\ NIn-X-\m-°p∂ CØcw ua-]-

Xn- m-k-ßƒ Ah\v Hcp-]mSv ⁄m\-

ßƒ \¬-Ip∂p. t]mc-Sn®v \nev°p∂

iXp-cm-Py-ßsft∏mepw H∂n∏n®v

BtKm-f-klI-cWw km[y-am-°p-

Ibpw, a\p-jy\n¿ΩmWßfpsS

\n m-c-Xtbbpw \n -lm-b-X-tbbpw

kw_-‘n®v a\p-jy-\v t_m≤yw hcp-

ØpIbpw sNøp∂p.

Ah-km\ ImesØ Hcp Znhym-flm-

hns‚ AS-bm-f-ambn qI-º-ßƒ oI-

cambn Bh¿Øn®p kw`hn-°p-Ibpw



Øn¬ kvIqƒ bqWnt^mw F∂Xv

bmsXmcp am‰-Øn\pw hnt[-b-a--√m-

ØtXm am‰n-bm¬ BImiw CSn™p

hogp∂ kwK-Xntbm H∂p-a-√. adn®v

AXv \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w Hcp P\-Xb-

bpsS ta¬ ASn-t®¬∏n®v Ah-cpsS

aX-hn-Im-csØ hW-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

Ahsc thZ-\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-

Xm-Wv a\p-jy-Xz-c-lnXw. [¿Ω-\n-

jvT-bp-≈Xpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-amb a-X-

Øn\v kvIqƒ hnZym- ymk \nb-a-ßƒ

hf¿∂p hnI-kn-°m≥ Ahkcw \¬-

In-bm¬ AXv Ah¿ \µn-]q¿∆w kvacn-

°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS `c-W-Iq-SsØ

Bflm¿∞-ambn kvt\ln-°m≥ CS-

h-cpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. apkvenwIsf

apJy-[m-c-bn¬ \n∂pw AI-‰n-°f-bp

∂ ^©v k¿°m-dns‚ \S-]Sn \n¿`m-

Ky-I-chpw sk°p-e-dn-k-Øns‚ D∂-

X-X-Øz-ßƒ°v \nc-°mØ-Xpam-Wv.

kmµ¿`n-Iambn as‰mcp Imcyw

IqSn ChnsS Hm¿°p-I-bm-Wv. Ipd®v

\mfp-Iƒ°v apºv tIc-f-Øn¬ Hcp

\ne-hn-f°v hnhmZw IØn-∏-S-cp-I-bp-

≠m-bn. tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw eoKv

a¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ Ip™m-en-°p-ń-bpw

Km\-K-‘¿∆≥ tbip-Zmkpw XΩn-em-

bn-cp∂p hnhm-Zw. \ne-hn-f°v sImfp

Øn Hcp NSßv DZv-Lm-S\w sNøp-∂-

Xns‚ t]cn-em-bn-cp∂p AXv. Xs‚

hnizm-k-Øn\v FXn-cm-b-Xn-\m¬ \ne-

hn-f°v sImfp-Øn√ F∂v a¥n.

sImfp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ aX-ku-lm¿±w

XI-cp-sa∂v Km\-K-‘¿∆-\pw. -\n-e-hn-

f°v sImfp-Øn-bXv sIm≠v amXw

Ip™m-en -°pń kmln -_ns‚

Cuam≥(-hn-izm-kw) CSn™p s]mfn

™p hogp-sa∂v Cu teJ-I-\-`n-]m-

b-an-√. Ip™m-en-°p-ń-bpsS kp∂n-

hn- mKw ]cn-]m-en-°p∂ ]pcm-X-\-amb

]e ]≈n-I-fnepw Ct∏mgpw \ne-hn-

f°v sImfp-Øm-dp-≠v. AsXmcp kmw

kv°m-cnI apZ F∂ \ne°v t\m°n-

Im-Wp-I-bmWv \nc-h[n DZvLm-S-\-

ßƒ \S-tØ-≠n-h-cp∂ C¥y-bnse

apkvenwa-¥n-am¿°v DNnXw. A√msX

hnizm-k-]-c-ambn hkvhmkv D≠m-

tI≠ ]iv\w CXnen-√. AXv lnµp-

aX hnizm-k-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-°≠v

]cn-ip-≤-amb aX-Po-hnXw \bn-°m≥

BK-l-ap≈ hy‡n F∂ \ne°v

Ip™men-°pń kmln-_n\v AXn¬

\n∂v hn´p\n¬°m\pw Ah-Im-i-ap-

≠v. Aßs\ At±lw BKlw ]I-

Sn-∏n-®m¬ AXn\v At±-lsØ lrZ

b hnim-e-X-tbmsS A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bm

Wv th≠-Xv. Km\-K-‘¿∆≥ CXns‚

t]cn¬ NqSm-bXv i-cn-bm-bn-√.As√-

¶n¬ aX-ku-lm¿±w hf-cn√ F∂pw

XI¿∂p-t]m-Ip-sa-∂p-ap≈ At±-l-

Øns‚ òXnbpw Aÿm-\-Øm-Wv.

hntbm-Pn-∏p-Iƒ ]tXy-In®pw aX ]cn-

thj-ap≈, hntbm-Pn-∏p-Iƒ kuay-

]q¿∆w AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v kulr

Zw ]men-°-emWv bYm¿∞ aX-ku-

lm¿±hpw kln-jvWp-X-bpw. sk-°p-

e-dn-k-Øns‚ am\h \oXn AXmWv.

]I-S-\-ß-fnepw NS-ßp-I-fnepw amX-

ap≈ kulm¿±w t\c tØ ]d-™Xv

t]mse kv°qƒ bq-Wn-t^m-anse

_ln¿`m-Kÿamb sFIyw t]mse-

bp≈ Hcp kulrZw amX-am-bn-cn-°pw.-

-sk-°p-e-dnkw F∂Xv hntbm-Pn-∏p-

I-sfbpw sshhn-[y-ßsfbpw \oXn-

bpsS Nc-Sn¬ cay-a-t\m-l-c-ambn tIm¿

Øn-W-°p∂ Ie-bm-Wv. t£m -ßfpw

kv]¿≤-bp-ap≠m-°-e-√.

(-37 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

hm¿Ø-Iƒ

AlvaZnøm apkvenwhm¿jnI ktΩ-f\w kam-]n®p

JmZn-bm≥ (]-©m-_v) : AlvaZnøm

apkvenw Pam-AØns‚ 112- -m-aXv hm¿

jnI ktΩ-f\w 2003 Unkw-_¿ 26,

27, 28 Xob-Xn-I-fn¬ Zmdp¬ Aam-\n¬

(Jm-Zn-bm≥) sh®v \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

im¥n-bp-sS aX-amb Ckvemw Hcn-

°epw hntZzjw ]c-Øp-∂n-√. adn®v

a\pjy kaq-l-Øn\v th≠n tkh\

Xev]-c-Xbpw XymK at\m-`m-hhpw

AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ ]I-cp-I-

bmWv sNøp-∂-sX∂v Jeo-^-Øp¬

akolv A©m-a≥ lkvdØv an¿km

akvdq¿ AlvaZv kmln_v ]kvXmhn-

®p. h¿Æw, hwiw, tZiw F∂o hn`m-

Kn-b-X-Iƒ°-Xo-X-ambn \nkzm¿∞-

amb a\p-jy-tk-h-\-amWv klm-\p- q-

Xn-bp-amWv Ckvemans‚ ktµ-i-sa∂v

At±lw DW¿Øn. a\p -jys‚

Bflo-bhpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb in£-

W-Øns‚ \m\m-h-i-ßsf kw_-

‘n®pw ]cm-a¿in® Jeo-^-Øp¬

akolv PohnX ]cn-ip≤n B¿Pn-t°-

≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX Du∂n-∏-d-bp-I-

bp-≠m-bn. JmZn-bm-\nse hm¿jnI

tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Ah-km\ Znhkw apJy-

-]`m-jWw \S-Øp-Ibm-bn-cp∂p Jeo-

-Øp¬ ako-lv. e≠-\nse alvaqZv

lmfn¬ \n∂pw Jeo-^-Øp¬ ako-

lns‚ ]kwKw km‰-sse‰v hgn

AlvaZnøm Nm\-emb apkvenw

n


AlvaZnbm sSen-hn-j-\n-eqsS JmZn-

bm-\nse hm¿jnI ktΩ-f-\-Øn\p

th≠n kwt]-£Ww sNøp-I-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. temI-sa-ßp-ap≈ AlvaZnøm

ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°p-th≠n ]`m-j-

Ww ]Øp-tem-I-`m-j-I-fn¬ X¬k-

ab X¿÷-abpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ C¥y-bpsS hnhn[

kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-ambn Aº-Xn-

\m-bnctØmfw t]¿ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. 26-

˛mw XobXn cmhnse ]Øpa-Wn°v

alvZn a-ko-lns‚ ]uX≥ lkvdØv

kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw

AlvaZv (AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚

`mcX tae-≤y-£≥) BWv ktΩ-

f\Øns‚ DZvLm-S\ I¿Ωw \n¿h-

ln-®-Xv. aq∂p Znh-ksØ ktΩ-f-\-

Øn¬ 6 skj-\p-I-fn-embn hnhn[

hnj-b-ßsf A[n-I-cn®v C-¥y-bn-

tebpw hntZ-i-tØbpw AlvaZn

]WvUn-X-∑m¿ ]`m-jWßƒ \S-

Øn. ssZhm-kvXnIyw, dkq¬ Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS Ncn-Xw, hmKvZØ ako-

lns‚ Ncn-Xw, Jnem-^Øv, Ckv

emanse Pnlm-Zns‚ bmYm¿ ∞yw,

A\m-Nm-c-ßfpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw

aXm-Nm-cy-c∑m-tcm-Sp≈ BZ-cw, Ckv

emapw temI-k-am-[m-\hpw F∂o

hnjbßsf kw_-‘n-®m-bn-cp∂p

]`m-j-Wßƒ.

kvXobpsS ÿm\-sØ Db¿Øn-

]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw kvXo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°n-S-

bn¬ Xpey-\oXn \S-∏m-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX aX-amWv Ckvemw. hn`m-Ko-

b-Xbpw hnth-N\hpw Ckveman¬

C√. ]Icw kvXosb Ah-fpsS ]Ir-

Xn-°-\p-tbm-Py-amb hn[w BZ-cWob

amb ÿm\hpw Ah-Im-i-ßfp-amWv

Ckvemw \¬Ip-∂Xv. CXn\v G‰hpw

henb DZm-l-cWw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n-

(k) bpsS kvXo kaq-lt-Øm-Sp≈

s]cp-am‰w Xs∂bm-sW∂v DZvLm-

S\ ]kw-K-Øn¬ lkvdØv an¿km

hkow AlvaZv kmln_v ]d-™p.

1891 ¬ hmKvZØ ako-lns‚

ImeØv Bcw-`n® Cu ktΩ-f-\-

Øns‚ \q‰n-]-¥-≠m-aXv hm¿jn-I-

amWv Cu h¿jw \S-∂-Xv. 75 t]¿

]s¶-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v XpS-ßnb Cu

ktΩ-f\w Ahn-ÌvX `mc-X-Øn¬

ct≠-ap-°m¬ e£w Bfp-Iƒ ]s¶-

SpØ h≥ ktΩ-f-\-ambn amdn-sb-

¶nepw hn`-P-\-Øn-\p-tijw ho≠pw

AwK-kwJy Ipd-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu

h¿jsØ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Aº-Xn-

\m-bnctØmfw t]¿ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. hn -

P-\-Øn-\p-tijw G‰hpw IqSp-X¬

Bfp-Iƒ ]s¶-SpØ ktΩ-f-\-am-bn-

cp∂p CXv. ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ C¥y

bnse hnhn[ kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

AlvaZn-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. kuZn

Atd-_y, ]m°n-ÿm≥, bp. F. C.,

_n´≥, Ata-cn-°, Im\U, ioe-¶,

knwK-∏q¿, ate-jy, _w•m-tZ-iv,

t\∏mƒ, Xn_-Øv, Kokv, kvs]bn≥,

_nójv Kbm-\, Lm\, ^nPn,

tlmf≠v, Xm≥km-\n-b, audo-jy-kv,

sImdn-b, _ƒtK-dn-b XpSßn hnhn[

cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ

FØn-bn-cp-∂p. Ct¥m ]m°n-ÿm≥

_‘-ß-fn¬ D≠mb kulr-Z -

Øns‚ kqN-\-sb-t∂mWw ]m°n-

ÿm-\n¬ \n∂pw CØ-hW 350 t]¿

ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-

bn. hmKm AXn¿Øn-bn-eqsS tdm-Up-

am¿§w hml-\-ß-fn-emWv Ah¿ h∂-

Xv F∂Xpw ]tXyIw it≤-b-am-Wv.

tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂v 723 ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ

]s¶-Sp-Øp. auehn apl-ΩZv Da¿

kmln-_v, auehn apl-aZv Ckvam-

bn¬ kmln-_v F∂n-h¿ tIc-f-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ ]mkw-Kn-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

ktµ-i-ßƒ

BtKmf AlvaZnøm hm¿jnIm

ktΩ-f-\-Øn\p k¿∆ hn[ `mhp-I-

ßfpw A¿∏n®v sIm≠pw AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øv temI kam-[m-\-Øn\pw

aX-k-ln-jvWp-X°pw th≠n sNøp

∂ BtKmf ]h¿Ø-\-ßsf ]Io

¿Øn-®p-sIm≠pw _lp-am-\-s∏´

C¥y≥ bq\n-b≥ ]kn-U-≠v A_vZp

¬ Iemw kmln_v, D] ][m-\-a¥n

_lp: F¬. sI. AZzm-\n F∂n-h¿

ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Biw-k-I-f¿∏n-°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. _lp. tIcf apJy-a¥n

F.sI. B‚Wn ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚

hnP-b-Øn\v k¿∆ hn[ awK-f-ßfpw

]pXp-h-’-cm-iw-k-Ifpw t\¿∂p-sIm

≠v Biw-k-I-f¿∏n®p. a≤y-]-tZ-

iv, I¿Æm-S-I, DØ-cm-©¬, bp. ]n.

F∂o tÃ‰p-I-fnse Kh¿Æ-am-cpw,

alm-cm-jvS, lcn-bm-\m, DØ-cm-©¬,

lnam-N¬ ]tZ-iv, ]©m_v apJy-a-

¥n-amcpw CXc tIµ kwÿm \

a¥n-amcpw Ab® Biwkm ktµ-

i-ßƒ hmbn-°-s∏- p.

Cu ktΩ-f\w AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns\ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Hcp

alm-kw-`-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIƒt∏mcpw

tIƒhn-bp-an-√m-Xn-cp∂ JmZn-bm≥

IpKm -a -sØ-°p -dn® v lkvdØv

AlvaZv (A) Xs‚ Hcp IhnXm iI-

e-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. " Rm≥ hfsc

km[phpw \ncmw-e-_\pw t]cpw

Io¿Ønbpw an√m-Ø-h\pw Bbn-cp-

∂p. JmZnbm≥ F∂ ÿew Fhn-sS-

bm-sW∂p IqSn Bcp-a-dn-™n-cp-∂n-√.

F∂m¬ C∂p JmZn-bm≥ aX-tem-

IØv temI-Øns‚ \m\m-tIm-Wp-I-

fnepw ]kn-≤n-bm ¿÷n® Hcp ]pWy-

ÿ-e-ambn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. temI-

Øns‚ hnhn[ \mSp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

h∂ Idp-Ø-hcpw shfp-Ø-hcpw Bb

AlvaZn ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ At\ym\yw

Benw -K\w sNbvXp Xß-fpsS

Bflm¿∞-amb Bflob-_-‘sØ

]I-Sn∏n-°p∂ Zriy-ßƒ IÆn\pw

lrZ-b-Øn\pw Bflo-bm-\µw ]I-cp-

∂-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. JmZn-bm-\nse lnµp

kn°v \nhm-kn-Iƒ AlvaZn-I-fpsS

kt¥mj ]I-S-\-ß-fn¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ-

ambpw ]¶p-tN¿∂p-sIm≠v Ae-¶-cn-

®n-cp-∂p. lnµp-kn °p _km-dp-Ifpw

Ah-cpsS sXcp-hp-Ifpw Zo]ßƒ

sIm≠v Ae-¶-cn-®n-cp∂p.

Bflo-bhpw ù-Xn-I-hp-amb ]-

Imi ]`-bm¬ l¿tjm∑mZ-Øn¬

\nd™p \n∂ JmZn-bm-\nse aq∂p

Zn\-cm-X-ßƒ Bflo-b-amb \thm-

t∑jw ]I¿∂p-sIm≠v A-hkm-\n-

°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Fw. bp. n


tImgn-t°mSv: s^_p-hcn 7,8

Xob-Xn-I-fn¬ ae-∏pdw Pn√-bnse

s]cn-¥¬aÆ-bn¬ sh®v (Camw

alvZn \K¿) \S-°p∂ AlvaZnøm

apkvenw kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\w h-

ºn® hnP-b-am-°n-am-‰m≥ F√m

AlvaZo ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcmSpw Aao¿

F. ]n. Ip™map kmln_v Hcp

]kvXm-h-\-bn¬ A`y¿∞n-®p. ktΩ-

f\w AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv

`mcX tae-[y-£\pw hmKvZØ ako-

lns‚ ]uX-\p-amb lkvdØv an¿

km hknw AlvaZv km-ln_v DZvLm-

S\w sNøpw.

Ckvemans‚ bYm¿∞ kXyw

Adn™ apkvenwIƒ AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øn-te°v tIc-f-Ønepw IqSp-

X-embn h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pI-bm-

sW∂pw, De-am-°-∑m-cpsS I≈ ]Nm-

c-W-ß-fp-tSbpw sX‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°-en-

t‚bpw b-s∏-Sp-Ø-en-t‚bpw Imew

Ign-™p-sh∂pw Aao¿ kmln_v

]d™p.

Ncn-X-Øn-ent∂hsc D≠m-bn-ń-

√mØ hn[-Øn¬ A[:]X-\-Øn¬

s]´p-t]mb apkvenw kap-Zm-bsØ

Zpcn-X-ßfpw Zpc-¥-ßfpw th´-bm-Sp-

I-bm-Wv. apkvenwIfpsS Bflo-b

hpw kmaq-ly-hp-amb c£°v th≠n

dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n (k) hmKvZm\w

sNbvX Camw alvZnsb Cu Ime-

L-´-Øn-se-¶nepw apkvenwIƒ Xncn-

®-dn -b-W-sa∂v Aao¿ kmln_v

A`y¿∞n-®p. AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn-

t\mSv A‘-amb hntcm-[hpw sX‰n-

≤m -c -Wbpw ]pe¿Øn AI∂p

\n¬°p∂ A\lvaZn apkvenw

ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿ ASpØp h∂v Pam-A-

Øns‚ hmZ-ap-J-ßƒ a\- n-em-°m-

\p≈ kµ¿ -amWv kwÿm\ ktΩ-

f-\w. AXn-∂mbn F√m ktlm-Z-c

∑mscbpw ktΩf-\-Øn-te°v lm¿±

AlvaZnøm kwÿm\ ktΩ-f-\w-h-ºn® hnP-b-am-°pI

--˛ Aao¿ kmln_vambn kzmKXw sNøp-∂p-sh∂v Aao¿

]kvXmhn-®p.

ktΩ-f\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ tIc-

f-Øn-seØp∂ lkvdØv an¿km

hknw AlvaZv kmln_v ]g-ßm-Sn-

bnse akvPnZv Xzmln¿ DZvLm-S\w

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. IqSmsX Im°-\m-Sv,

a´-∂q¿, a¿°c F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬

\n¿Ωn-® ]≈n-IfpsSbpw DZvLm-S\w

lkv dØv kmln_v \n¿∆-ln°pw.

Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv \n¿Ωn-°p∂ ]≈n-bp-

sS Xd-°-√n-S¬ I¿Ωhpw XpS¿∂v

At±lw \SØp-∂-Xm-Wv.

c≠v Znh-k-ß-fn¬ \S-°p∂

kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\Øn¬ DZvLm-S\

ktΩ-f-\-Øn-\p-tijw aX-ssaXn

ktΩ-f\w, aX˛ssh⁄m-\nI

ktΩ-f\w, s]mXp-k-tΩ-f\w F∂o

hn`m-K-ß-fn-embn AlvaZo ]WvUn-X-

∑m¿ hnhn[ hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

kwkm-cn-°psa∂pw ]kvXm-h-\-bn¬

Adn-bn-®p.

AXns‚ Bh¿Ø\w IqSn -h-cp -

sa∂pw ]h-N-\-ap-≠v. a\p-jys‚ \n

lm-b-Xbpw uanI Pohn-X-Øns‚

£W- w-Kp-c-Xbpw as‰-¥n-t\-°mfpw

Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂ `qI-º-ßƒ ssZhw

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv Ab-°p∂ Hcp

Znhym-flm-hn-s‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fmbn ]d

bs∏-ń´p≠v. \nc-¥-c-ambn D≠m-hp

∂ CØcw qI-º-ßƒ B al-\ob

kXysØ∏‰n \sΩ Ipep°n DW

¿Øp-I IqSn-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv.

(-39 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

kΩm\w e`n®ptImgn -t°mS v : tImgn -t°mS v

tIm¿∏-td-j≥ \S-Ønb tIc-tfm-’-

h-Øn¬ ae-bmf Km\m-em-]-\-Øn\v

H∂mw ÿm\hpw DdpZp Km\m-em-]-

Øn\v aq∂mw ÿm\hpw tImgn-t°mSv

øm kwÿm\ CPvXn-a-tbm-S-\p-_-

‘n®v \S-Ønb Item-’-h-Øn¬

hy‡n-KX Nmºy-\mb imlnZv

kmln_v a¿lpw auem\m A_vZp≈

kmln -_v F®v . F (d) bpsS

]uX\pw tIm-gnt°mSv Pam-A-Øw

Kw A_vZp¬ Icow kmln-_ns‚

]pX-\p-am-Wv.

Pam-AØv AwKw P\m_v imlnZv

AlvaZ v kmln -_n\v e`n -®p .

AlvaZnøm Km\-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p Be-

]n-®-Xv. aPvenkv JpZm-ap¬ AlvaZn nn

n

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D¯-S¡w€¦ · kXyZqX‡ P\p-hcnþ2004 3 apJ¡pdn‚v a\p-jy\v D]-Im-c-ap-¯Xv ‘qan-bn´ \ne\n´¡p¶p Im e {]hml KXn Hcp t\ÀtcJ-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. a\p-jysâ kuI-cy-ﬂn-\p-th›n