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DEFINITIONAL CHANGE IN CATEGORIES OF DISABILITY ACCORDING TO CENSUS 2011 In Seeing One eyed persons were treated as disabled at Census At the Census 2011 such persons have not been treated as disabled in seeing. At the Census 2011 enumerators were asked to apply a simple test to ascertain blurred vision. At Census 2001 no such instructions were given. In Hearing Persons using hearing aid have been treated as disabled at Census They were not treated as disabled at the Census Persons having problem in hearing through one ear although the other ear is functioning normally was considered having hearing disability in Census But in Census 2011, such persons were not considered as disabled.
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DISABILITY IN PUNJAB: A PROFILE OF DIFFERENTLY ABLED PERSONS ACCORDING TO CENSUS 2011
Presenters:Gurpreet Singh
(Ph.D. Research Scholar)Gursewak Singh
(M.Phil. Research Student)Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology,
Punjabi University Patiala,Punjab.
WHAT IS DISABILITY
A Disability is generally a condition either caused by accident, trauma, genetics or disease which may restrict mental processes, senses or mobility of a person.
This condition may be permanent or temporary in nature.
The disability of a person limits a person’s ability to perform the activities of life.
Disability is an important public health problem especially in developing countries like India.
DEFINITIONAL CHANGE IN CATEGORIES OF DISABILITY ACCORDING TO CENSUS 2011In Seeing One eyed persons were treated as disabled at Census 2001. At
the Census 2011 such persons have not been treated as disabled in seeing.
At the Census 2011 enumerators were asked to apply a simple test to ascertain blurred vision. At Census 2001 no such instructions were given.
In Hearing Persons using hearing aid have been treated as disabled at
Census 2011. They were not treated as disabled at the Census 2001.
Persons having problem in hearing through one ear although the other ear is functioning normally was considered having hearing disability in Census 2001. But in Census 2011, such persons were not considered as disabled.
CONTINUE..
In Speech Definition was made clear in the Census 2011 to record
persons with speech disability. For instance, “persons who speak in single words and are
not able to speak in sentences” was specifically mentioned to be treated as disabled.
Mental Retardation New category introduced at Census 2011. Mental Retardation was covered under the category of
Mental disability at Census 2001.
Mental Illness New category introduced at Census 2011. Mental Illness was covered under the category of Mental
disability at Census 2001.
CONTINUE..In Movement Specific mention of the following was made in the
definition for Census 2011:1. Paralytic persons2. Those who crawl3. Those who are able to walk with the help of aid4. Have acute and permanent problems of joints/muscles5. Have stiffness or tightness in movement or have loose, involuntary movements or tremours of the body or have fragile bones6. Have difficulty balancing and coordinating body movement7. Have loss of sensation in body due to paralysis, Leprosy etc.8. Have deformity of body like hunch back or are dwarf.
CONTINUE..
Any Other New category introduced at Census 2011 to ensure complete
coverage. In such cases, where informant was not sure about the type of
disability this option of reporting disability as ‘Any Other’ was available to her/him.
Multiple Disability New category introduced at Census 2011. The question has been designed to record as many as three
types of disabilities from which the individual was reported to be suffering.
Total disabled population: Census 2011- In India- 2,68,10,557- In Punjab- 6,54,063
The highlighted data show the majority of differently abled persons who belong to any other category of disability as per census 2011, Punjab.
82199
146696
24549
13004445070
21925
165607
37973
In SeeingIn HearingIn SpeechIn MovementMental RetardationMental IllnessAny OtherMultiple Disability
CATEGORY WISE DATA OF TOTAL DISABLED POPULATION IN PUNJAB AS PER CENSUS 2011
The highlighted data show that the maximum number of the differently abled persons were belonged to the age group of 10-19 years according to Census 2001.
But according Census 2011, majority of the differently abled persons belong to the age group of 20-29 years.
0-45-9
10-1920-2930-3940-4950-5960-6970-7980-89
90+
Age Not Stated
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,00020,202
35,51792,742
74,564
50,795
40,715
29,140
35,660
26,000
12,508
5,097
1,583
28202
40150104913
117377
99618
81757
59235
60394
36315
17847
6996
1259 Census 2011Census 2001
AGE WISE DISABLED POPULATION IN 2001-2011, PUNJAB
The highlighted data in the age group of 10-19 years and 20-29 years show the maximum number of differently abled persons as per Census 2001 and 2011.
The red colored data in age group of 30-39 years show the double increment in the population of differently abled persons in 2011 in comparison to other age groups.
DISABLED POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX, PUNJAB 2001-2011
Age2001 2011
Males Females Males Females
0-4 11,716 8,486 15520 1268205-09 20,660 14,857 23118 1703210-19 54,771 37,971 61661 4325220-29 46,476 28,088 68748 4862930-39 31,232 19,563 58767 4085140-49 25,806 14,909 49290 3246750-59 18,148 10,992 35528 2370760-69 19,175 16,485 33895 2649970-79 14,925 11,075 20201 1611480-89 6,594 5,914 9008 883990+ 2,431 2,666 3125 3871Age Not Stated 922 661 690 569Total 2,52,856 1,71,667 379551 274512
The highlighted data show the majority of differently abled persons belonging to rural area of Punjab as per Census 2011.
DISABLED POPULATION BY RESIDENCE IN 2001-2011, PUNJAB
Rural Urban Rural UrbanCensus 2001Census 2011
0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000
297,018
127,505
430,313
223,750
The highlighted data is showing the majority of differently abled males belonging to rural area of Punjab as per Census 2011.
The yellow and green colored part of pie chart is showing the data of differently abled females and males in Punjab respectively.
POPULATION OF DIFFERENTLY ABLED PERSONS BY SEX IN RURAL AREA OF PUNJAB, 2001-2011
177,552
119,466
251,289
179,024
2001 Males2001 Females2011 Males2011 Females
The highlighted data is showing the majority of differently abled males belonging to urban area as per Census 2011.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY SEX IN URBAN AREA OF PUNJAB, 2001-2011
MalesFemales
MalesFemales
2001
2011
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
150,608
104,402
256,524
190,976
The highlighted data depict the literacy status both of differently abled males and females which is increased with high percentage as per Census 2011 in comparison to Census 2001.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY SEX AND LITERACY STATUS IN PUNJAB 2001-2011
Literate Illiterate Literate Illiterate2001 2011
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
136,067116,789
229,560
149,991
74,51497,153
140,764133,748
MalesFemales
The above highlighted data is showing the literacy status of any other category of disability which is very high than other categories of disability as per Census 2011, Punjab.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY THE TYPES OF DISABILITY AND LITERACY STATUS IN PUNJAB, 2011
In Seeing
In Hearing
In Speech
In Movement
Mental Retardation
Mental Illness
Any Other
Multiple disability
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 12000043477
92104
12825
82444
14739
9325
103613
11797
38722
54592
11724
47600
30331
12600
61994
26176 IlliterateLiterate
The above diagram shows the comparison of literacy status among the differently abled persons by the area of their residence in which majority is living in rural area of Punjab although they are literate or illiterate as well.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED BY LITERACY STATUS AND RESIDENCE- 2011
RuralUrban
RuralUrban
Literate
Illiterate
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000 222598
147726
207715
76024
The highlighted data with red color depict the low number of illiterate differently abled persons belonging to the category of disability in speech who are from urban area of Punjab.
The persons with mental illness from urban area are less literate. The majority of literate and illiterate of disabled population belonging to any other category of
disability are from rural area of Punjab as per Census 2011.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY THE TYPE OF DISABILITY, LITERACY STATUS AND RESIDENCE, PUNJAB 2011
Types of Disability
Literate Illiterate
Rural Urban Rural Urban
In Seeing 25788 17689 29377 9345In Hearing 46789 45315 36946 17646In Speech 7380 5445 8638 3086In Movement 57664 24780 37112 10488Mental Retardation 8621 6118 21322 9009Mental Illness 5729 3596 9421 3179Any Other 63565 40048 45342 16652Multiple disability 7062 4735 19557 6619
The highlighted data of pie chart depict the number of illiterate disabled population belonging to scheduled castes of Punjab as per Census 2011.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY THE LITERACY STATUS IN SCHEDULED CASTES OF PUNJAB, 2011
219568
246582
LiterateIlliterate
The above diagram shows that the differently abled persons from any other category of disability belonging to schedule castes are in majority who are literate as well as illiterate.
TYPE OF DISABILITY AND LITERACY STATUS IN SCHEDULED CASTES DISABLED POPULATION- 2011
In Seeing
In Hearing
In Speech
In Movement
Mental Retardation
Mental Illness
Any Other
Multiple disability
Cens
us 2
011,
Typ
es o
f Disa
bilit
y an
d Li
tera
cy S
tatu
s of S
ched
uled
Cas
tes
0 10000 20000 30000 40000
12794
22493
2678
28488
4055
2617
33705
2954
18246
222564226
2236310875
4814
309039608
IlliterateLiterate
The highlighted data in the above diagram depict that the literacy rate is very high in any other category of disability who belong to scheduled castes from rural area of Punjab.
Persons with disability in movement belonging to scheduled caste from rural area are on second number after any other category of disability who are literate.
DISTRIBUTION OF DISABLED POPULATION BY TYPE OF DISABILITY, LITERACY STATUS AND RESIDENCE OF SCHEDULED CASTES- 2011
In Seeing
In Hearing
In Speech
In Movement
Mental Retardation
Mental Illness
Any Other
Multiple disability
Area
wise
Lite
rate
disa
bled
from
Sch
edul
ed C
aste
s
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000
8998
14777
1891
22390
2925
1914
24507
2160
3796
7716
787
6098
1130
703
9198
794
Literate UrbanLiterate Rural
The highlighted data show that the persons with visual impairment (in seeing) are more illiterate than other categories.
But, the number of persons with disability in movement is very less who are illiterate.
SCHEDULED CASTES DISABLED POPULATION BY TYPE OF DISABILITY, ILLITERACY AND RESIDENCE- 2011
In Seeing
In Hearing
In Speech
In Movement
Mental Retardation
Mental Illness
Any Other
Multiple disability
Area
wise
illite
rate
disa
bled
from
Sch
edul
ed C
aste
s
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000
96379
14448
16323
3359
18006
8508
3842
24171
26912
3798
5933
867
4357
2367
972
6732 Illiterate UrbanIlliterate Rural
The highlighted data is presenting the majority of illiterate visually impaired persons from scheduled castes belonging to both rural and urban areas of Punjab as per Census 2011.
SCHEDULED CASTES DISABLED POPULATION BY TYPE OF DISABILITY, ILLITERACY AND RESIDENCE- 2011
In Seeing
In Hearing
In Speech
In Movement
Mental Retardation
Mental Illness
Any Other
Multiple disability
Area
wise
illit
erat
e di
sabl
ed fr
om S
ched
uled
Cas
tes
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000
96379
14448
16323
3359
18006
8508
3842
24171
26912
3798
5933
867
4357
2367
972
6732 Illiterate UrbanIlliterate Rural
The highlighted data with red color show the less number of differently abled males from SBS Nagar.
Ludhiana district has the highest percentage of differently abled males and females in comparison to other districts of Punjab.
SEX WISE POPULATION OF DISABLED IN THE DISTRICTS OF PUNJAB 2011
Districts Males Females PersonsGurdaspur 28990 21189 50179Kapurthala 10733 8017 18750Jalandhar 25208 19716 44924Hoshiarpur 19380 14285 33665SBS Nagar 8425 6460 14885
Fatehgarh Sahib 9062 6427 15489Ludhiana 46697 33984 80681Moga 16617 12498 29115Firozpur 26616 17816 44432Muktsar 12093 8378 20471
The highlighted data of Faridkot district depict the less number of differently abled females in the district.
CONTINUE..
Districts Males Females Persons
Faridkot 8396 5816 14212
Bathinda 19014 13547 32561
Mansa 14610 10530 25140
Patiala 25569 18369 43938
Amritsar 34054 25000 59054
Tarn Taran 17527 12750 30277
Rupnagar 9509 6759 16268
SAS Nagar 12455 9054 21509
Sangrur 26106 18057 44163
Barnala 8490 5860 14350
CONCLUSION The definition of the types of disability has been changed as per
Census 2011. The maximum differently abled persons in Punjab belong to any other
category of disability i.e. above 1 lakh 65 thousand. But, the less number of disabled population in Punjab belong to mental illness i.e. approximately 22 thousand.
Maximum number of differently abled persons belonging to the age group of 10-19 is above 92 thousand according to the census 2001. But, the maximum number of differently abled persons belonging to the age group of 20-29 is above 1 lakh 17 thousand according to census 2011.
Sex wise, the maximum number of both differently abled males and females belong to the age group of 10-19 years according to the census 2001. But according to the census 2011, the maximum number of both differently abled males and females belong to the age group of 20-29 years.
Area wise, the maximum number of differently abled persons belong to rural area according to the census 2001 and 2011.
Rural as well as urban area wise, differently abled males are in majority according to the census 2001 and census 2011.
CONTINUE.. Sex and literacy status wise, the maximum number of literate differently abled
persons is male as per the census 2001 and 2011. Type of disability and literacy status wise, the literate persons belonging to any
other category of disability are in majority according to the census 2011. Area and literacy status wise, the literate disabled population belonging to rural
area is in majority according to the census 2011. Type of disability, literacy status and area wise, the persons from any other
category of disability belonging to rural are in majority who are literate as well as illiterate according to the census 2011.
Literacy in scheduled castes wise, maximum number of the disabled population belonging to scheduled catses is illiterate according the census 2011.
Type of disability and literacy status in scheduled castes wise, maximum number of the disabled population belonging to any other category of disability is literate according the census 2011.
Type of disability, area and literacy status in scheduled castes wise, maximum number of the literate differently abled persons from rural area is belonging to any other category of disability.
The maximum number of illiterate disabled population from rural area belong to the visual impairment.
District wise, the differently abled both males and females are in majority in Ludhiana district. The SBS Nagar has less number of differently abled males and Faridkot has less number of differently abled females.
