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D. Galarreta(1), P.J. Charrel (2), T. Orel (3), B. Rothenburger (4), B. Trousse (5), C. Vogel (6)
(1)CNES;(2) IRIT-UT1; (3)Europia productions;(4) INRIA-IRIT ; (5) INRIA Sophia-Antipolis ; (6) Pôle Universitaire Léonard de Vinci
STUDY OF DYNAMIC VIEWPOINTS IN SATELLITE
DESIGN
Viewpoints in satellite design
A viewpoint is the manner attached to a person or a group to represent the technical world within which they operate.
Views from different viewpoints
« Onboard power » view : Power storage
« Attitude Control » view
« Thermal Control » view
« Ground Segment » view : Operation Control Centre
Confrontation and Correlation of viewpoints
• Before any interaction is considered the viewpoints virtually exist ;
• If the viewpoints interact one says that there is a confrontation of viewpoints. One can assess the views dependencies ;
• If the views which are produced are semantically and logically compatible one says that the viewpoints are correlated.
Objects
• Whenever a view is produced ignoring any other view : the view designates a virtual object ;
• When there is a confrontation of viewpoints, a view designate an actualized object ;
• When all the considered viewpoints are correlated, a view designate a realized object
The correlation problem
Given a viewpoint modelling, how can we model the correlation of viewpoints in order that a realized object emerges ?
Argumentative approach of viewpoints
C= (W, R, F, E, P)
Design Design DesignedProcess Représentation Object
(W) (R) (F) (E) (P)
• Interaction spaces :• Argumentation space ;• Communication space ;• Solving problem space
• Isotopies :• Work (W)• Fashion (F)• Purpose (P)• Aesthetic Form (E)• Representation (R)
• Elementary arguments :• Topoï
An approach of viewpoints based upon statistical association of terms
• Clusterisation
• AFT profile construction
• Scenario production
• Viewpoints
A multi-agent paradigm approach :A diachronic model
correlation sur la classe A
-0,11
-0,09
-0,07
-0,05
-0,03
-0,01
0,01
0,03
0,05
1 7
13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97
103
109
115
121
127
133
139
145
151
157
163
169
175
th-t t-f th-f
temps
Thematic dynamic(Discursive dynamic )
• A generic model• An instanciation of it :
• the Alceste methodology
-Class A : Compress, How many, Year , Apogée, arrival, Tank, Bit, Cells, Hundred, Figures (numbers), Five, Fifty, Coefficient, Cube, Degree, …
-Class B : Elsewhere, Point, Really, Altitude, Analyse, Antenna, Advantage, Bilan, Box, Camera, Control, Bother, Problem, Exist, …
-Class C : Show, Transmit, Now, Aerospace, Probably, Ariane, Asteroide, Astronautic, autonomy, bitsy, onboard, Camera, Chain, …
-Class D : Know, Write, Must, Finish, Open, Can, Transform, Know (by study), Remember, See, Will, Enough, As much, At last, Some, Always, Architecture,
Correlation of viewpoint : toward a restatement of the problem 1/2
A condition in order that different viewpoints can interact together, is their sharing of a same space ;
Definition : A virtual interaction of viewpoints is identified to a space ;
a space is the set of the viewpoints which are virtually in interaction.
Correlation of viewpoint : toward a restatement of the problem 2/2
• The correlation of viewpoints is gradual
• It manifests itself through the emergence of places
• It develops until the production of objects
•Given a technical space• Be able to identify an emergence of places and its dynamic
The weak correlation problem :
A correlation model in the argumentative approach
1 2 3
Correlation Space
W
FP
Significant Factorof the Argumentative Space
isotopyW
isotopyF
isotopyP
Significant Factorof the Problem Solving Space
Steps
Step 2
A correlation model in the lexicometrical approach
Propulsion
Giga bits Image Demonstration
ProjectileBit second
A diachronic Model for viewpoint correlation based on
the Alceste Methodology
correlation sur la classe A
-0,11
-0,09
-0,07
-0,05
-0,03
-0,01
0,01
0,03
0,05
1 7
13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97
103
109
115
121
127
133
139
145
151
157
163
169
175
th-t t-f th-f
temps
Thematic dynamic(Discursive dynamic )
The general variation of the curvesbuilt upon statistical classes are interpreted against :
• the discourse of each designer ;• the general movement of thisdiscourse in terms of solving thetask given.
Conclusion
• This article aimed to make the readers aware of the notion of “ viewpoint ” and “ correlation of viewpoints ” which are central for the analysis of a complex design activity (in particular for the manager of design projects) ;
• The "theoritical" step was to recognized the importance of the constitution of places as a step toward the solution of the correlation problem we introduced.