Czech Republic - European Environment Agency · Czech Republic is slightly faster than European average. The land take is the driven mostly by the sprawl of commercial and industrial

Country fact sheet

September 2017

Photo: © Toni García, My City/EEA

Land cover 2012

Czech Republic

Czech Republic

1

Land cover 2012 Overview of land cover & change 2006-2012 According to the annual change rate (0.40%), the overall intensity of the land cover development in the Czech Republic in this period slightly increased, compared to the 2000-2006 with an annual change rate of 0.33%. It has to be mentioned, that both these rates are more than twice lower in comparison with the period 1990-2000, which shows a certain stabilization of the landscape in the country over the last two decades. However, the overall change dynamics of Bohemian landscape is still significantly above the European average. In the long term, internal agricultural conversions represent the main change driver in the country – they are more extensive than internal conversions of forested land, which is rather rare phenomenon in the frame of European countries. The frequent conversion of arable land to pasture or set aside fallow land is the most typical change for the Czech landscape (this was the main conversion already in the period 1990-2000). The intensity of internal agricultural development is significantly higher, compared to previous period, but circa twice lower than in 1990-2000. This conversion from arable land to pasture, together with artificial land take, leads to extensive consumption of arable land in the country. On the other hand, significant formation of pasture and set aside land can be observed, in both periods 2000-2006 and 2006-2012. Urban sprawl, which seemed to accelerate during previous period, continues with comparable intensity. With 0.44% of annual artificial land take rate, sprawl in the Czech Republic is slightly faster than the European average. The land take is driven mostly by the sprawl of commercial and industrial sites as well as diffuse residential sprawl. On the other hand, there can be observed frequent conversions of dump sites to agricultural use, which document effort for landscape revitalization. Another significant driver of land cover development in the country are the internal conversions of forested land, where a significant tendency of transition from vulnerable spruce monocultures (which still creates a majority of Czech forested land - about 61%) to more resistant mixed or broad-leaved forest cultures can be observed. Note: The results presented here are based on a change analysis of 44 land cover types mapped consistently on a 1:100.000 scale across Europe over more than decade between 2000-2006-2012 - see Corine land cover (CLC) programme for details. Number of years between CLC2006-CLC2012 data for the Czech Republic: 6

7%

37%

20%

35%

Semi-nat. 0,3%

Open sp./ b.s.

0,003%

Wet. 0,1%

Water1%

1.1. Land cover 2012[% of total]

-100000

-50000

0

50000

100000

1.2. Net change in land cover 2006-2012 [ha]

-4.0

0.0

4.0

8.0

12.0

16.0

1.3. Net change in land cover [% of initial year

2006]

A rtific ial areas A rable land & permanent c rops Pas tures & mosaics Fores ted land

Semi-natural vegetation O pen spaces/ bare soils Wetlands Water bodies

Summary balance table 2006-2012

Art

ific

ial

area

s

Ara

ble

lan

d &

per

man

ent

cro

ps

Pas

ture

s &

mo

saic

s

Fore

sted

lan

d

Sem

i-n

atu

ral

veg

etat

ion

Op

en s

pac

es/

bar

e so

ils

Wet

lan

ds

Wat

er b

od

ies

TO

TA

L

[hu

nd

red

s h

a]

Land cover 2006 5044 30327 14644 27483 270 2 104 568 78442

Consumption of initial LC 61.3 1102.9 132.5 556.1 7.0 0.0 1.2 0.2 1861

Formation of new LC 153.4 158.8 955.3 581.0 1.0 0.3 0.1 11.2 1861

Net Formation of LC 92.1 -944.1 822.8 24.9 -6.1 0.3 -1.1 11.0 0

Net formation as % of initial year 1.8 -3.1 5.6 0.1 -2.2 15.0 -1.1 1.9

Total turnover of LC 214.7 1261.7 1087.8 1137.1 8.0 0.3 1.3 11.5 3722

Total turnover as % of initial year 4.3 4.2 7.4 4.1 3.0 15.0 1.3 2.0 4.7

Land cover 2012 5136 29383 15467 27508 264 2 103 579 78442

Czech Republic

2

Land cover trends comparison 2000-2006 vs. 2006-2012

0.32%

0.40%

0 20000 40000

2000-2006

2006-2012

2.4. Annual land cover change[ha/year, % of total area]

0 10000 20000 30000

Artificial areas

Arable land& permanent crops

Pastures& mosaics

Forested land

Semi-natural vegetation

Open spaces/ bare soils

Wetlands

Water bodies

2.5. Annual turnover of LC types [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

-16000 -8000 0 8000 16000

Artificial areas

Arable land& permanent crops

Pastures& mosaics

Forested land



Wetlands

Water bodies

2.6. Net annual change of LC types [ha/year]

Summary trend figures 2000-2006 2006-2012

Annual land cover change [ha/year] 25173 31020

Annual land cover change as % of initial year 0.32% 0.40%Land uptake by artificial development as mean annual change [ha/year] 2118 2159

Agricultural land uptake by urban and infrastructures development as mean annual change [ha/year] 1962 2000

Net uptake of forests and semi-natural land by agriculture as mean annual change [ha/year] -510 -748

Net conversion from pasture to arable land and permanent crops as mean annual change [ha/year] -9196 -13850

Forest & other woodland net formation as mean annual change [ha/year] 529 416

Dry semi-natural land cover net formation as mean annual change [ha/year] -131 -96

Wetlands & water bodies net formation as mean annual change [ha/year] 80 165

0

10000

20000

lcf1

Urb

an la

ndm

anag

emen

t

lcf2

Urb

anre

side

ntia

l spr

awl

lcf3

Spr

awl o

fec

onom

ic s

ites

and

infr

astr

uctu

res

lcf4

Agr

icul

ture

inte

rnal

conv

ersi

ons

lcf5

Con

vers

ion

from

for

este

d &

natu

ral l

and

toag

ricu

lture

lcf6

Withd

raw

al o

ffa

rmin

g

lcf7

For

ests

crea

tion

and

man

agem

ent

lcf8

Wat

er b

odie

scr

eation

an

dm

anag

emen

t

lcf9

Cha

nges

due

to n

atur

al a

ndm

ultip

le c

ause

s

2.7. Intensity of main change drivers (LC FLOWS) [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

3

Artificial surfaces sprawl (2006-2012)

0.43

%

0.43

%

0

1000

2000

3000

2000-2006 2006-2012

3.8. Artificial land take [ha/year,

% of initial year]

Commercial and residential sprawl at the same level

The intensity of artificial land take is almost identical to the period 2000-2006 and slightly higher than in the 1990-2000 period. Artificial development composed mainly of residential and commercial/industrial areas extensions – both of them more frequent than in previous period, as well as the sprawl of mines and quarrying areas. Also, the recycling of developed urban areas has been a bit stronger, represented by conversion of former construction sites into commercial/industrial, transportation or urban fabric units. An overall decrease of construction sites area has been registered, which can indicate a slowdown of artificial development in the future. Agricultural land, mainly arable (71%), remains the main source of the land take; while natural surfaces represent only 10% of the whole area taken by sprawl. Most of the sprawl is situated in the surroundings of the capital city of Prague, as well as in the northern part of the country. The internal structure of sprawl shows a domination of the residential one mainly around Prague and the second largest Czech city – Brno. Sprawl in other localities is driven more by the extension of economic sites and infrastructures. The last segment of the motorway connecting the capital city (and also the major highway in the Czech Republic – D1) with the southern country border has been finished, which is important for the transport connection to Austria.

79%

13%

2%5% 0.4%

const.

3.9. Artificial surfaces 2012 [% of total area]

0 300 600

3.10. Artificial land take 2006-2012 [ha/year]

-300

0

300

600

Con

tinu

ous

urba

n fa

bric

Dis

cont

inuo

us u

rban

fab

ric

Ind

ustr

ial o

r co

mm

erci

alun

its

Roa

d an

d ra

il ne

twor

ks a

ndas

soci

ated

land

Por

t ar

eas

Airpo

rts

Min

eral

ext

ract

ion

site

s

Dum

p si

tes

Con

stru

ctio

n si

tes

Gre

en u

rban

are

as

Spo

rt a

nd le

isur

e fa

cilit

ies

3.11. Mean annual artificial change by class [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

4

Agriculture (2006-2012)

Extensification of agriculture

As mentioned above, internal development of agricultural land is the main driver of land cover change in the Czech Republic. There occurs a long term trend of conversion of arable land to pasture or fallow land. Concerning the geographical distribution, this phenomenon occurs in all regions, with the exception of lowland regions with intensive agricultural land use, where the use of arable land is substantial. The opposite trend of pasture conversion to arable seems to be quite typical for north-western part of the country. There also occurs withdrawal of farming with or without woodland creation, which accompanies the general tendency of the agri-natural land use extensification. The overall decrease of arable land area is also driven by the sprawl of commercial/industrial sites and residential areas. The consumption of agricultural land is compensated by conversion of dump, mineral extraction or construction sites to agricultural land use, mainly pastures, which shows an efforts for landscape revitalization in the country. The result of all these processes can be observed in the overall balance of agricultural land cover types as a significant consumption of arable land and formation of pasture.

21164%

2120.0002

%

2130.001

%

2210.4%

2221%

23118%

2421%

24316%

4.12. Agricultural areas 2012 [% of total area]

-3.5

5%

-1.1

9%

-13.

49%

-1.5

3%

-0.8

4%

-0.2

8%

0.38

%

100.

00%

100.

00%

7.40

%

10.6

1%

13.0

2%

0.16

%

0.36

%

-12000

-4000

4000

12000

Non

-irr

igat

ed a

rabl

e la

nd

Per

man

ently

irriga

ted

land

Ric

e fie

lds

Vin

eyar

ds

Fru

it t

rees

and

ber

ry p

lant

atio

ns

Oliv

e gr

oves

Pas

ture

s

Ann

ual/

pe

rman

ent

crop

s

Com

plex

cul

t. p

atte

rns

Agr

icul

ture

with

nat

. ve

g.

Agr

o-fo

rest

ry a

reas

4.13. Development of agricultural areas 2006-2012– detailed balance [ha]

Consumption of initial land cover

Formation of new land cover

211 Non-irrigated arable land

212 Permanently irrigated land

213 Rice fields

221 Vineyards

222 Fruit trees and berry plantations

223 Olive groves

231 Pastures

241 Annual crops associated with permanent crops242 Complex cultivation patterns

243 Agriculture land with significant areas of natural vegetation244 Agro-forestry areas

-16000

-8000

0

8000

16000

Non

-irr

igat

ed a

rabl

e la

nd

Per

man

ently

irriga

ted

land R

ice

field

s

Vin

eyar

ds

Fru

it t

rees

and

ber

ry p

lant

atio

ns

Oliv

e gr

oves

Pas

ture

s

Ann

ual/

per

man

ent

crop

s

Com

plex

cul

t. p

atte

rns

Agr

icul

ture

with

nat

. ve

g.

Agr

o-fo

rest

ry a

reas

4.14. Mean annual agricultural change by class [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

5

Forest & nature (2006-2012)

97%

Semi-nat. 1%

Open s./b.s. 0,01%

Wet. 0,4%

2%

5.15. Forest & nature areas 2012

[% of total area]

Forest



Wetlands

Water bodies

From spruce monocultures to mixed or broad-leaved forest

The situation in the natural landscape is stabilized in the long term in the Czech Republic, with no occurrence of radical conversions. Internal forest conversions are the main driver of the natural land development. The area of coniferous forest is decreasing, in contrast to formation of broad-leaved or mixed forest. This trend has not been observed in the previous period and is clearly induced by the fact that coniferous monocultures, which were earlier widely preferred in the Czech Republic, are much more vulnerable and therefore endangered by natural hazards like windstorms, as well as by infesting species, especially the bark beetle. Such natural calamities already led to destruction of large forested areas in the Czech mountains. Therefore, there is a tendency to improve the overall sustainability of the forested land, which, among others, can be achieved by replacing coniferous monocultures by mixed or broad-leaved forest cultures.

-0.1

4%

-1.4

4%

-0.1

8%

-2.7

5%

-18.

10%

-2.6

7%

-0.0

4%

1.98

%

0.46

%

2.55

%

0.39

%

17.8

1%

35.8

0%

0.17

%

2.16

%

-30000

-10000

10000

30000

Bro

ad-l

eave

d fo

rest

Con

ifero

us for

est

Mix

ed for

est

Nat

ural

gra

ssla

nd

Moo

rs a

nd h

eath

land

Scl

erop

hyllo

us v

eget

atio

n

Tra

nsitio

nal w

oodl

and

shr

ub

Bea

ches

, du

nes,

san

d

Bar

e ro

ck

Spa

rsel

y ve

geta

ted

area

s

Bur

nt a

reas

Gla

cier

s/pe

rp.

snow

Inl

and

mar

shes

Pea

tbog

s

Sal

t m

arsh

es

Sal

ines

Int

ertida

l fla

ts

Wat

er c

ours

es

Wat

er b

odie

s

Coa

stal

lago

ons

Est

uaries

Sea

and

oce

an

5.16. Development of forest & nature areas 2006-2012 – detailed balance [ha]

Consumption of initial land cover

Formation of new land cover

-3000

-1000

1000

3000

Bro

ad-l

eave

d fo

rest

Con

ifero

us for

est

Mix

ed for

est

Nat

ural

gra

ssla

nd

Moo

rs a

nd h

eath

land

Scl

erop

hyllo

usve

geta

tion

Tra

nsitio

nal w

oodl

and

shr

ub

Bea

ches

, du

nes,

san

d

Bar

e ro

ck

Spa

rsel

y ve

geta

ted

are

as

Bur

nt a

reas

Gla

cier

s an

d pe

rpet

ual

snow

Inl

and

mar

shes

Pea

tbog

s

Sal

t m

arsh

es

Sal

ines

Int

ertida

l fla

ts

Wat

er c

ours

es

Wat

er b

odie

s

Coa

stal

lago

ons

Est

uaries

Sea

and

oce

an

5.17. Mean annual forest & nature change by class [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

6

Annex: Land cover flows and trends Land cover flows 2006-2012

3%

59%7%

30%

Semi-nat. 0,4%

Wet. 0,1%

6.18. Consumption of land cover2006-2012 [% of total change

area]

8%

9%

51%

31%

Semi-nat. 0,1%

Water 1%

6.19. Formation of land cover 2006-2012 [% of total change

area]

A rtific ial areas A rable land & permanent c rops Pas tures & mosaics Fores ted land

Semi-natural vegetation O pen spaces/ bare soils Wetlands Water bodies

lcf11% lcf2

2%lcf35%

lcf457%

lcf52%

lcf63%

lcf729%

lcf81%

lcf90.1%

6.20. Drivers of change (LC FLOWS)2006-2012 [% of total change area]

lc f1 U rban land management

lc f2 U rban res idential sprawl

lc f3 Sprawl of economic s ites and infras truc tures

lc f4 A griculture internal convers ions

lc f5 C onvers ion from fores ted & natural land to agriculture

lc f6 Withdrawal of farming

lc f7 Fores ts c reation and management

lc f8 Water bodies c reation and management

lc f9 C hanges due to natural and multiple causes

Czech Republic

7

Artificial areas

Arable land &

permanent crops71%

Pastures & mosaics

19%

Forested land9%

Semi-natural

vegetation1%

Water bodies0.01%

7.21. Consumption by artificial land take2006-2012 [% of total]

Disc. urban fabric27%

Industrial/commerc.

27%Road/rail network

5%

Airports0.2%

Mineral extraction

18%

Dump sites3%

Constr.11%

Green urban0.1%

Sport/leisure

9%

7.22. Formation by artificial land take2006-2012 [% of total]

0.28%

0.30%

0 1000 2000

2000-2006

2006-2012

7.23. Net formation of artificial area [ha/year, % of initial year]

-1000 -500 0 500 1000

lcf11Urban development/ infilling(cons.)

lcf11Urban development/ infilling(form.)

lcf12 Recycling of developed urbanland (cons.)

lcf12 Recycling of developed urbanland (form.)

lcf13 Development of green urbanareas (cons.)

lcf13 Development of green urbanareas (form.)

lcf21 Urban dense residential sprawl

lcf22 Urban diffuse residential sprawl

lcf31 Sprawl of industrial &commercial sites

lcf32 Sprawl of transport networks

lcf33 Sprawl of harbours

lcf34 Sprawl of airports

lcf35 Sprawl of mines and quarryingareas

lcf36 Sprawl of dumpsites

lcf37 Construction

lcf38 Sprawl of sport and leisurefacilities (cons.)

lcf38 Sprawl of sport and leisurefacilities (form.)

lcf54 Conversion from developedareas to agriculture

lcf72 Forest creation, afforestation

lcf81 Water bodies creation

lcf911 Semi-natural creation

lcf913 Extension of water courses

lcf92 Forests and shrubs fires

lcf93 Coastal erosion

lcf99 Other changes and unknown(cons.)

lcf99 Other changes and unknown(form.)

7.24. Artificial development by change drivers(LC FLOWS) [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

8

Agriculture


Industrial/ commer.

1%Road/rail network

3%

Mineral extraction

15%

Dump sites49%

Construct.12%

Coniferous forest1%

Mixed forest1%

Natural grass.4%

Transition.woodland

shrub12%

Water b.0,4%

8.25. LC consumed by agriculture 2006-2012 [% of total]

Non-irrigated arable23%

Fruit trees/berry plantations

1%

Pastures72%

Agriculture with

natural veg.4%

8.26. Formation of agricultural land from non-agriculture 2006-2012 [% of total]



3%

Pastures15%

Complex cultivation patterns

2%

Agriculture with

natural veg.9%

8.27. Consumption of agricultural landby non-agriculture 2006-2012 [% of total]


Industrial/commercial

22%

Road/rail network

4%Airports0.2%

Mineral extraction

10%

Dump sites2%

Construct.9%Green

urban0.1%

Sport/leisure

6%

Broad-leaved forest1%

Conifer. forest0,1%

Natural grass.0,1%

Transition.woodland

shrub20%

Water bodies

3%

8.28. Formation of non-agricultural landfrom agriculture 2006-2012 [% of total]

-600 -400 -200 0 200

Conversion from forest toagriculture

Conversion from dry semi-natural& natural land to agriculture

Conversion from wetlands toagriculture

Withdrawal of farming withwoodland creation

Withdrawal of farming withoutsignificant woodland creation

8.29. Main annual conversions between agriculture and forests & semi-natural land

2006-2012 [ha/year]

-10000 0 10000 20000

Extension of pasture, set asideand fallow land

Conversion from pasture toarable and permanent crops

8.30. Mean annual conversion between arable land and pasture [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

9

0 10000 20000

lcf411 Uniform extension ofset aside fallow land and

pasture

lcf412 Diffuse extension of setaside fallow land and pasture

lcf421 Conversion from arableland to permanent irrigation

perimeters

lcf422 Other internalconversions of arable land

lcf431 Conversion from olivesgroves to vineyards and

orchards

lcf432 Conversion fromvineyards and orchards to

olive groves

lcf433 Other conversionsbetween vineyards and

orchards

lcf441 Conversion frompermanent crops topermanent irrigation

perimeters

lcf442 Conversion fromvineyards and orchards tonon-irrigated arable land

lcf443 Conversion from olivegroves to non-irrigated arable

land

lcf444 Diffuse conversion frompermanent crops to arable

land

lcf451 Conversion from arableland to vineyards and orchards

lcf452 Conversion from arableland to olive groves

lcf453 Diffuse conversion fromarable land to permanent

crops

lcf461 Conversion frompasture to permanentirrigation perimeters

lcf462 Intensive conversionfrom pasture to non-irrigatedarable land and permanent

crops

lcf463 Diffuse conversion frompasture to arable and

permanent crops

lcf47 Extension of agro-forestry

9.31. Mean annual agriculture internalconversions [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

-1800 -1200 -600 0 600

lcf13 Development of green urbanareas

lcf2 Urban residential sprawl

lcf3 Sprawl of economic sites andinfrastructures

lcf511 Intensive conversion fromforest to agriculture

lcf512 Diffuse conversion from forestto agriculture

lcf521 Intensive conversion from semi-natural land to agriculture

lcf522 Diffuse conversion from semi-natural land to agriculture

lcf523 Conversions from agriculture-nature mosaics to continuousagriculture (cont. agri. cons.)

lcf523 Conversions from agriculture-nature mosaics to continuousagriculture (cont. agri. form.)

lcf53 Conversion from wetlands toagriculture

lcf54 Conversion from developed areasto agriculture

lcf61 Withdrawal of farming withwoodland creation

lcf62 Withdrawal of farming withoutsignificant woodland creation


lcf913 Extension of water courses

lcf92 Forests and shrubs fires

lcf93 Coastal erosion

lcf99 Other changes and unknown(agri. cons.)

lcf99 Other changes and unknown(agri. form.)

9.32. Mean annual conversions between agricultureand other LC types [ha/year]

2000 - 2006

2006 - 2012

Czech Republic

10

Forest & nature

Mineral extraction

23%

Dump sites2%

Construct.0.2%



8%

Pastures20%

Complex cultivation patterns

1%

Agriculture with

natural veg.11%

10.33. LC consumed by forest & nature2006-2012 [% of total]


Coniferous forest0.2%

Mixed forest0.2%

Natural grassland

0.4%

Transition. woodland/

shrub74%

Water bodies23%

10.34. Formation of forest & nature land from non-forest /nature 2006-2012

[% of total]


Coniferous forest19%

Mixed forest10%

Natural grassland

13%

Transition. woodland/

shrub54%

Water bodies

1%

10.35. Consumption of forest & nature landby non-forest/nature 2006-2012 [% of

total]


Industrial/commer.

13%

Road/rail network

1%

Mineral extraction

39%Dump sites4%

Construct.4%

Sport/leisure

8%

Non-irrigated arable

4%

Pastures23%

Agriculture with

natural veg.3%

10.36. Formation of non-forest/nature landfrom forest & nature 2006-2012 [% of total]


Conifer. forest61%

Mixed forest23%

Transit. woodland

shrub6%

10.37. Forested land 2012 [% of total area]

0 2000 4000

Consumption of forest land byurban sprawl

Conversion from forest toagriculture

Recent fellings and transitions

Withdrawal of farming withwoodland creation

Forest creation, afforestation

Conversion from transitionalwoodland to forests

Forest creation over wetlands

10.38. Main trends in woodland & forests consumption/formation 2006-2012

[ha/year]

Czech Republic

11

Natural grassland

94%

Moors and

heath.7%

Bare rock1%

Sparsely vegetated areas0.4%

11.39. Dry semi-natural areas 2012 [% of total area]

0 30 60

Consumption of dry semi-naturalland cover by urban sprawl

Conversion of semi-natural landcover to agriculture

Forest creation, afforestation overdry semi-natural land

Withdrawal of farming withoutwoodland creation

Decrease of permanent snow andglaciers

11.40. Main trends in dry semi-natural land consumption/formation 2006-2012

[ha/year]

Inland marshes

9%Peatbogs

6%

Water courses

7%

Water bodies78%

11.41. Wetlands & water 2012[% of total area]

-100 0 100 200

Consumption of wetlands byurban sprawl

Conversion of wetlands toagriculture

Forest creation and afforestationover wetlands

Withdrawal of farming withoutwoodland creation

Net water bodies creation

Net wetlands creation

11.42. Main trends in wetlands & water consumption/formation 2006-2012

[ha/year]

-8000 -4000 0 4000 8000

lcf13 Development of green urban areas


lcf3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures

lcf511 Intensive conversion from forest to agriculture

lcf512 Diffuse conversion from forest to agriculture

lcf61 Withdrawal of farming with woodland creation

lcf71 Conversion from transitional woodland to forest (cons.)

lcf71 Conversion from transitional woodland to forest (form.)


lcf73 Forests internal conversions (cons.)

lcf73 Forests internal conversions (form.)

lcf74 Recent felling and transition (cons.)

lcf74 Recent felling and transition (form.)

lcf8 Water bodies creation and management

lcf9 Changes of land cover due to natural and multiple causes (cons.)

lcf9 Changes of land cover due to natural and multiple causes (form.)

11.43. Mean annual conversions of forest & other woodland[ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

12

-160 -80 0 80




lcf521 Intensive conversion from semi-natural land to agriculture

lcf522 Diffuse conversion from semi-natural land to agriculture

lcf523 Conversions from agriculture-nature mosaics to continuous…

lcf62 Withdrawal of farming without significant woodland creation


lcf74 Recent felling and transition

lcf8 Water bodies creation and management

lcf82 Water bodies management

lcf911 Semi-natural creation (form.)

lcf912 Semi-natural rotation (cons.)

lcf912 Semi-natural rotation (form.)

lcf913 Extension of water courses (cons.)

lcf92 Forests and shrubs fires (cons.)

lcf92 Forests and shrubs fires (form.)

lcf93 Coastal erosion (cons.)

lcf94 Decrease in permanent snow and glaciers cover (cons.)

lcf94 Decrease in permanent snow and glaciers cover (form.)

lcf99 Other changes and unknown (cons.)

lcf99 Other changes and unknown (form.)

12.44. Mean annual conversions of dry semi-natural LC [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

-100 0 100 200




lcf53 Conversion from wetlands to agriculture

lcf62 Withdrawal of farming without significant woodland creation


lcf8 Water bodies creation and management (cons.)


lcf9 Changes of land cover due to natural and multiple causes (other thanLCF91)

lcf9 Changes of land cover due to natural and multiple causes (other thanLCF912)

lcf911 Semi-natural creation (form.)

lcf912 Semi-natural rotation (cons.)

lcf912 Semi-natural rotation (form.)

lcf913 Extension of water courses (form.)

12.45. Mean annual conversions of wetlands and water LC [ha/year]

2000-2006

2006-2012

Czech Republic

13

CLC Changes 2006-2012

CLC Changes 2000-2006

Czech Republic

14

Drivers of change 2006-2012

Drivers of change 2000-2006

Czech Republic

15

Artificial sprawl 2006-2012

Artificial sprawl 2000-2006

Czech Republic

16

Agriculture 2006-2012

Agriculture 2000-2006

Czech Republic

17

Forest and nature 2006-2012

Forest and nature 2000-2006

Documents

Czech Republic - European Environment Agency · Czech Republic is slightly faster than European average. The land take is the driven mostly by the sprawl of commercial and industrial