Upload
others
View
2
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
12/16/19
1
Cybersecurity and Mac Time Machine Backup
Dr. Leon D. Chapman
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 1
National Cybersecurity Awareness Month(NCSAM)
• Held every October
• Collaborative effort between government and
industry
• NCSAM 2019 emphasize (www.dhs.gov)
➢Personal accountability
➢Proactive step to enhance Cybersecurity at home and
workplace
➢Message: Own It, Secure It, Protect It
Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 2
1
2
12/16/19
2
National Cybersecurity Awareness Month(NCSAM)
https://niccs.us-cert.gov/national-cybersecurity-awareness-month-2019
Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 3
OWN, SECURE &
PROTECT IT
NCSAM 2019 TOOLKIT IS A
COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE
https://niccs.us-cert.gov/national-
cybersecurity-awareness-month-
2019
HIGHLY RECOMMENDED
Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 4
3
4
12/16/19
3
NATIONAL CYBERSECURITY AWARENESS MONTH
TRIVIA GAMEHTTPS://NICCS.US-CERT.GOV/NATIONAL-CYBERSECURITY-AWARENESS-MONTH-2019
#BeCyberSmart:
Online Safety
100
200
300
400
500
Device Security
100
200
300
400
500
Types of
Cyber Attacks
100
200
300
400
500
Cyber History
100
200
300
400
500
Cyber Stats
100
200
300
400
500
Final Round5Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup
DEVICE SECURITY - 100
Which of the following are strong password practices? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Passwords should contain a mixture of upper and lower case letters, numbers, and
special characters.
2. Passwords should have personal meaning to you (e.g. a relative’s birthday) so that you
can remember them more easily.
3. You should immediately change your password in the case of a known data breach.
4. You should store your passwords on paper or in a text document, giving you a backup in
the event that you forget them.
Answer: 1 & 3. While it is helpful for passwords to have some level of personal relevance,
anything concrete or publicly-available (high schools, birthdates, pets’ names, etc.) can
be easily researched and guessed by an attacker. Storing your passwords physically or
in a text-document is also ill-advised, as someone could gain access to the copy.
After each answer appears, please return to Game
Board.Back to game board
6Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup
5
6
12/16/19
4
Grand Computers Cybersecurity Initiative
• Planning meetings started in winter 2018
➢What could the club do to help our members?
➢Ransomware, Phishing, Malware increasing all around us
➢Ray Fagan, Leon Chapman, Maria Frasca, Gloria Young, Dan Wallen & Joe Parla
• Develop Cybersecurity courses 1st for Windows 10 & MacOS
• Educate Tech Helpers 1st – Nov & Dec 2019 – Ray & Leon
• Offer classes to our members
➢Classes starting in Winter 2020
➢Classes will be two 2-hr sessions – Lecture + Hands-on
❖Hands-on for students to bring devices for hardening – several Tech Helpers to assist
students
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 7
Threats, Updates & Passwords
• Three places threats are likely to come from:
➢ Internet
➢Via email
➢Someone with direct access / Phone calls
• Always update to latest Operating System
➢Have the latest security updates
➢ If your computer won’t update to latest OS, it is your signal to upgrade to a
newer computer
• Passwords
➢Use complex 12-16-character passwords
➢Do not use same password for different accounts
➢Must have a Password Manager
❖Cloud based, encrypted files, synced to all devices
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 8
7
8
12/16/19
5
Characteristics of Home Cybersecurity Threats
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 9
Threats Threat Types Devices Preventions
Devices Ransomware Computers Backups - #1
Identity Phishing Modem / Router / hub Operating system updates
Accounts Malicious Apps Network / ISP Firmware updates
Home Social Media Streaming devices Antivirus / Anti-malware
Virus & worms Internet of Things (IoT) Browser Hardening
Wi-Fis Smart Home Devices Password Management
Medical monitoring Encryption
2-Factor Authentication
Surge in Mac Malware(https://www.appleworld.today/blog/2019/6/25/new-research-says-theres-a-surge-in-mac-malware)
• Illustrates the importance of layered security protections
in today’s advanced threat landscape
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 10
9
10
12/16/19
6
Cybersecurity Introduction• Hardening your computer is an essential step for securing your personal
information and data
• Hardening tries to detect, delay and deny external users using your
computer
• Hardening involves several steps to form “layers” of protection
➢Using antivirus and antispyware protection
➢Regularly downloading the latest manufacturers patches
➢Disabling unused software and applications
➢Use strong passwords for all accounts
➢Use a firewall
➢Lock your PC / Mac screen when not in use
➢Shut down computer if gone more than 6 hrs
➢ Install a back-up system
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 11
macOS Version History
• Mac OS X Public Beta - 2000
• Mac OS X 10.0 Cheetah - 2001
• Mac OS X 10.1 Puma - 2001
• Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar - 2002
• Mac OS X 10.3 Panther - 2003
• Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger - 2005
• Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard - 2007
• Mac OS X 10.6 Snow leopard - 2009
• Mac OS X 10.7 Lion - 2011
• Mac OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion - 2012
• Mac OS X 10.9 Mavericks - 2013
• Mac OS X 10.10 Yosemite - 2014
• Mac OS X 10.11 El Capitan - 2015
• macOS X 10.12 Sierra - 2016
• macOS X 10.13 High Sierra - 2017
• macOS X 10.14 Mojave - 2018
• macOS X 10.15 Catalina - 2019
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 12
11
12
12/16/19
7
Why Backup your Machine?
• #1 Protection for your data
• Hard Disk / SSD on your computer will fail
➢Just a matter of time
• Disaster may cause loss of computer / data
➢Fire, Flood, Tornado, etc.
• Theft
➢House break in – stolen computer
• Cybersecurity
➢Ransomware / malware attack – encrypts / infects files
• User errors
➢Deletes wrong files
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 13
The Ideal Backup Checklist
• Backup Frequently
• Redundancy - have multiple backups
➢Local Backup – External USB Local Drive
➢Online Backup – a Cloud service (BackBlaze)
➢Off-Site Backup – Store backup USB disk at a Bank
• The 3-2-1 Rule (no single point failure)
➢3 copies of data
➢2 different media formats (e.g., USB & Cloud)
➢1 stored off-siteGrand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 14
13
14
12/16/19
8
Three Options for Local External Backup
1. USB Solid State Device
➢Fast, small storage space, expensive
2. USB Hard Drives - recommended
➢Slower, lots of space – e.g., 4-10GB
3. USB Flash Drives
➢Cheap, Simple, small storage space
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 15
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 16
Backup using Time Machine Software on Macs(Time Machine is Apple’s Backup Software - on all Macs)
• Apple >System Preferences
>Time Machine
• Plug in External USB Drive
to use for backups
• Check – Show Time
Machine in menu bar
15
16
12/16/19
9
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 17
Backup using Time Machine on Macs(Time Machine is Apple’s Backup Software - on all Macs)
• Select the Disk to use for
backup
• Check Back Up
Automatically
➢Time machine backs up
hourly, incrementally
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 18
Backup using Time Machine on Macs
• Select Options to exclude
files you do not want to
backup
➢Applications
➢Library
➢System Files and Applications
➢etc
17
18
12/16/19
10
Backup using Time Machine on Macs
• Your done!
• Close Time Machine Window
• The 1st backup will take time
• Future backups are incremental and
occur automatically every hour
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 19
Retrieve Information from Time Machine
• Click Time Machine icon in Menu
>Enter Time Machine
➢Vertical Calendar days on right of
screen indicate where you are in
backup dates
➢Click any date to go back in time
➢You can retrieve any file or folder
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 20
19
20
12/16/19
11
Off-Site Backups
• It is recommended that you have an off-site backup in addition to
your local backup
• Example Off-Site Backup options:
➢Backblaze – single computer backup
❖ www.backblaze.com
❖$50/yr for unlimited space
➢ iDrive Personal – Backup all computers & devices
❖www.iDrive.com
❖$70/yr for 5TB of space
❖Specials exist for $6 for 1st year
• Note: Syncing services like DropBox, iCloud, etc, are not
considered system backups – they are only off-site file backups
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 21
iDrive.com – Cloud Backup(https://tinyurl.com/tu6btgt)
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 22
21
22
12/16/19
12
Priority Actions for Users
1. Always have backups of your system / files
2. Use an antivirus / malware program
3. Use a Password Manager
➢Generates complex passwords automatically
➢Easy to change and remembers passwords
➢Change passwords frequently
4. Always update OS to latest version
5. Harden your device thru OS settings
➢Firewall
➢Limit app access to location, contacts, photos, etc.
6. Harden your Browser thru settings
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 23
GCC Cybersecurity Classes in Winter Session
• Cybersecurity Courses for PCs
❖Introduction to Cybersecurity Basics
❖Windows 10 Hardening - Set up and Configure
❖Windows 10 Backup - Restoration Points and Data Backup
❖Window 10 Edge Browser Hardening
❖Google Chrome Browser Hardening
• Cybersecurity Courses for Macs
❖MacOS Hardening – Set up and Configure
❖Safari Browser Hardening & Time Machine backup
Grand Computers – Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 24
23
24
12/16/19
13
References
• Ultimate Guide to Mac Security 2018
➢https://www.avg.com/en/signal/ultimate-guide-to-mac-security
• How to Make Your Mac as Secure as Possible
➢https://lifehacker.com/how-to-make-your-mac-as-secure-as-possible-
1829531978
• Mac security tips: best Mac security settings
➢https://www.macworld.co.uk/feature/mac/security-firewall-3643100/
• Using the Mac Security Preference Pane
➢https://www.lifewire.com/use-mac-security-preference-pane-2260745
• Backup your Mac with Time Machine
➢https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201250
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup 25
Questions
• What questions do you have for
me?
Grand Computers - Cybersecurity & Time Machine Backup
26
25
26