Cyber Bullying Cyber Bullying Thursday May 13, 2010Thursday May 13, 2010

WELCOME!WELCOME!

• 93% of adolescents spend time on line

• 75% use instant messaging

• 75% have their own cell phones–58% of 12-year olds now own a cell phone,

up from just 18% of such teens as recently as 2004

• 54% of teens text daily (Sept. 09) up from 38% (Feb. 08)

The Pew Internet and American Life Project, 2009

Adolescents and TechnologyAdolescents and Technology

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• Boys and girls are just as likely to have a phone, though they do not always use it in the same way. • There are no differences by race or ethnicity in phone ownership by teens.

• Socioeconomic status is one area where cell phone ownership rates vary, with teens from lower income families less likely to own a mobile phone.

Adolescents and Cell PhonesAdolescents and Cell Phones*

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• 73% of online youth in the United States use online social networking sites, up from 55% in 2006 and 65% in 2008.

• 58% of teens (12-17) use cell phone to access SNS, up from 25% in 2007

Pew Internet Project, 2009

Use of Social Networking Use of Social Networking SitesSites

“A person is being bullied

when s/he is exposed,

repeatedly and over time,

to negative actions

on the part of one or more persons,

and s/he has difficulty defending her/himself”

Olweus, et al, 2007

What is Bullying Bullying behavior?

• Discovery definition– Bullying: Pattern of intentional

harm-doing/negative actions between individuals with power differential

• Examples include but are not limited to: threatening, taunting, teasing, name calling, hitting, pushing, kicking, pinching, retraining, making faces or suggestive gestures, sending or posting harmful text or images using technology or intentionally excluding someone from a group

– Cyber Bullying: The use of technology, email, instant messaging, text messaging or social networking sites to bully, intimidate and harass a person or group of people

What is Cyber BullyingCyber Bullying?*

Electronic AggressionElectronic Aggression

• Any kind of aggression perpetrated through

technology--any type of harassment or

bullying (teasing, telling lies, making fun of

someone, making rude or mean comments,

spreading rumors, or making threatening or

aggressive comments) that occurs through

email, a chat room, instant messaging, a

website (including blogs), or text messaging

Centers for Disease Control, 2008

ContextContext• Our students have grown up with the internet• Generation Gap

– They are the “intuitives”– We are the “visitors”

"You have a generation faced with a society with fundamentally different properties, thanks to the Internet…It's a question for us of how we teach ourselves and our children to live in a society where these properties are fundamentally a way of life. This is public life today.”

-Danah Boyd, a fellow at Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet & Society. PBS.org

Five different characteristics• Anonymity• Accessibility• Punitive Fears• Bystanders• Disinhibition

*Traditional Traditional

vs.

Cyber BullyingCyber Bullying

• Harassment

• Exclusion

• Trolling

• Denigration

• Flaming

• Impersonation

• Outing and Trickery

• Cyber stalking

*Common Forms of Common Forms of

Cyber BullyingCyber Bullying

Cyber Bullying TrendsCyber Bullying Trends• “I.M.ing” is the most common form of cyber-

bullying

• 56% percent of perpetrators of electronic aggression and 67% of victims said the aggression they experienced or perpetrated was through instant messaging.

• Victims also report experiencing electronic aggression through email (25%) and text messages (16%)

CDC 2008

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How common is How common is Cyber Bullying?Cyber Bullying?

According to one study, of those students surveyed:

•42% have been bullied online

•35% have been threatened online

•53% admit having said something hurtful to another person online

www.CFChildren.org

Cyber Bullying is on the rise…Cyber Bullying is on the rise…

• In 2000, 6% of internet users ages 10-17 said they had been the victim of “on-line harassment,” which was defined as threats or other offensive behavior [not sexual solicitation] sent or posted on-line.

• By 2005, the percentage had increased by 50%, to 9%.

CDC 2008

AnonymityAnonymity

• Between 13% and 46% of young people who were victims of electronic aggression report not knowing their harasser’s identity.

• Similarly, 22% of young people who admit they perpetrate electronic aggression report they do not know the identity of their victim.

CDC 2008

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Not always anonymousNot always anonymous

• As for the victims and perpetrators who are not anonymous, in one study, almost half of the victims (47%) said the perpetrator was another student at school.

• In addition, aggression between siblings is no longer limited to the backseat of the car: 12% of victims reported their brother or sister was the perpetrator, and 10% of perpetrators reported being electronically aggressive toward a sibling.

CDC 2008

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““SextingSexting””

• “Sexting” is sending nude or sexually suggestive pictures and accompanying text via cell phone.

• Although the original “sexter” may only send the suggestive message to one person--a girlfriend or boyfriend, for example--that message can be forwarded to anyone in the recipient’s address book, and from there, all across a school or community.

• Once it’s out there, there’s no way to take back the message or the accompanying embarrassment or humiliation.

CFC 2010

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Sending SextsSending Sexts

• No difference by gender

• Oldest teens most likely to have sent– 8% of 17 year olds– 4% of 12 year olds

• 17% who pay for all the costs of the phone send sexts vs. 3% of others

Pew 2009

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Receiving SextsReceiving Sexts

• Again, no gender differences and increases by age– 4% of 12 year olds– 20% of 16 year olds– 30% of 17 year olds

• Sending texts, having unlimited texting plan increases receipt

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Pew 2009

Cyber BangingCyber Banging

• Gangs use websites, twitter, text messages, blogs, SNS, video streaming, online gaming to:– Recruit– Retaliate– Glamorize

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Online GamingOnline Gaming

• PS3 “School Bully” 2006

• Interactive game “Rape Lay” 2009

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If the Internet was a neighborhoodIf the Internet was a neighborhood

Where is this happening?Where is this happening?

• The majority of online cyber-bullying is not carried out at school

• The exception is text messaging with cell phones, which occurs in and out of school at the same rate (and remember that most cyber-bullying happens through text messages)

So if itSo if it’’s not at school…s not at school…“Whether electronic aggression occurs at home or at

school, it has implications for the school and needs further exploration.

As was previously mentioned, young people who were harassed on-line were more likely to get a detention or be suspended, to skip school, and to experience emotional distress than those who were not harassed.

In addition, young people who receive rude or nasty comments via text messaging are significantly more likely to report feeling unsafe at school.”

CDC 2008

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“Youth who had reported being targeted by internet harassment were 8 times

more likely than all other youth to report carrying a weapon to school in the past

30 days”

Ybarra, et al (2008)

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School Safety IssueSchool Safety Issue

So what can I do about it?So what can I do about it?ComprehensiveComprehensive EducationEducation

• Educate yourself: keep up on the quickly changing trends

• Professional Development Opportunities

• Family and Parent Education

• Educate your students– Social skills/ Online etiquette – Decision making skills– Impulse Control– Emotion Management

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Part of a School-Wide Bullying Prevention Part of a School-Wide Bullying Prevention ProgramProgram

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Nonclass

room

Setting S

ystems

ClassroomSetting Systems

Individual Student

Systems

School-wideSystems

School-wide PositiveBehavior Support

Systems

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Support and ResourcesSupport and ResourcesSchool-wideSchool-wide

• PREVENTION• Collaboration• Direct Instruction

– NetSmartz– Hazelden Cyber Bullying Curriculum

• Part of a school-wide system– Second Step– Olweus– Discipline/PBIS

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Support and ResourcesSupport and Resources ClassroomClassroom and One on OneOne on One

• Make time for talking about social and emotional issues, like bullying

• Get to know your students--the greatest determinant of academic success is school connectedness

• Establish a SAFE environment

• Act: honesty, confidentiality, consistency, positively

• Model pro-social behavior

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STOP! BLOCK! and TELL!

If you are targeted by a cyberbully:• STOP!

– Don't do anything. Take 5 to calm down.

• BLOCK!– Block the cyberbully or limit all communications to

those on your buddy list.

• TELL! – Tell a trusted adult, you don't have to face this

alone.

• TURN IT OFF!http://www.stopcyberbullying.org

Rules for what not to do Rules for what not to do AND what to do…AND what to do…

Questions?Questions?

THANK YOU!

If you have questions about SEL programming contact:

• Julie Young Burns, Safe & Drug-free Schools

JYB@mpls.k12.mn.us, 612-668-0867

• Jessi Tebben, Out4Good Coordinator

Jessi.Tebben@mpls.k12.mn.us, 612-668-5482

• Kate Houghton, SEL District Program Facilitator

Kate.Houghton@mpls.k12.mn.us, 612-668-0843

ResourcesResources• http://sss.mpls.k12.mn.us

• www.CFChildren.org

• www.NetSmartz.org

• www.MediaAwareness.ca• www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/kidsonline/

• http://pewinternet.org

• Social and Emotional Learning Lending Library– http://destiny.mpls.k12.mn.us, Webster 168