CW15 – p276 Vocab

Osman

Conquered the

Byzantines in 1300.

Led a group of

Turkish soldiers

called ghazis.

Tribe became

known as the

Ottomans

The Ottoman Empire

Ottomans gain ground in Asia Minor (Anatolia) throughout the 1350’s

1453: Ottoman capture of Constantinople under the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II

Ottomans were a major power in the Arab World, the Balkans, and around the Black and Red Seas.

Jannisaries

infantry divisions

which dominated the

imperial armies

– Highly trained slave

soldiers that expanded

the empire

– Gained tremendous

power as time went on

Two great Sultans

Mehmed II

Officially conquered

Constantinople in

1453

Renamed it Istanbul

and became capital of

Ottoman Empire.

Suleyman

Brought

empire to its

height

Known as

“the

Magnificent”

Conquered

as far as

Austria

Sultan – the new name of the Ottoman emperors now that they are Muslim.

More on SultansOttoman sultans worked tirelessly to

improve the imperial capital of

Constantinople (Istanbul)

Hagia Sophia was converted to a

mosque

Built the Suleymaniye mosque

(below)

Two major groups: viziers (rulers) and reaya

(commoners known as “protected flock”)

In the reaya…

– Millets – separate religious groups that were responsible

for education, health, and safety of its members.

Caste System

Revisited

Ottoman DeclineThe empire did last into the 20th century, and

lasted for over 600 years!

However, there were 4 factors that led to decline:

1. Economic problems (losing trade due to shipping)

2. Competition with big countries of Europe

3. Corruption (internal struggles)

4. Rebellions (janissaries fight back)