Curso de inglés BBC English 73-

8/6/2019 Curso de ingls BBC English 73-

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Phase 4SPRINGBOARD

j Y, [inalmente, Laultima fase!En la fase del curso que se inicia can La presente unidad proseguira cl estudio de lagrarnatica inglesa, ensanchando los Hmites del ya amplio campo de conoeimientos basicosque ha adquirido hasta ahara. Adernas, esta fase le ayudara a matizar u ingles y a expre-sar actitudes y sentimientos, aSI como a dominar diversos aspecto del idioma que lepermitiran emplear cstc de forma fluida y natural. Tarnbien Ie preparara para que sigautilizando el ingles en sus actividades personales, tanto en el campo del trabajo como enel de los estudios, Cuando lIegue a la ultima unidad de esta fase -que es la ultima delcurso-, habra alcanzado la curnbre que se proponia conquistar. y estara en condiciones deiniciar un despegue en el uso y perfeccionamiento de la lengua inglesa. siendo capazde volar con us propias alas.

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Contents.

Unit 73. Modal auxiliary verbs: Some specialuses.

Advice and opinions.Refusals.Possibilities.Other expressions.Song: The art of conversation.Introduction to Fluency.Grammar.Have a good flight!Robinson Crusoe.Peanuts,English in business (1).Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 73.

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Unit 74. English tenses: Some special uses.Not past: Present.Not continuous: Simple.Not simple: Continuous.Other points.Song: You don't mean what you say.Introduction to Attitudes.Grammar.The Importance of Being Earnest.In the year 1900 ...Peanuts.English in business (2).Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 74.

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Unit 75. Talking about the future.Predictions.Promises.The summer will soon be over.Song: Holiday romance.Making things dear.Grammar.Some poems about love.Nineteen Eighty-Four.Peanuts,English in business (3).Key points from tins unit.Dialogue.Test 75.

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Unjt 76. Subjunctive forms.Destiny.Instruction_s.SUbjunctive forms.God save the Queen!Song: Don't answer me.Reactions.Grammar.The Oblong Box.Reading and writing exercises.Peanuts.Study skills (1): Using Englishdictionaries.

Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 76.

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Unit 77. The past, the present and the future.The past.The present.The future.Song: SOS!Explaining and rephrasing.Grammar.Abbreviations.Reading and writing exercises.Peanuts.Study skills (2): Numerical expressions.Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 77.

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Unit 78. Some very versatile verbs.Do and make.You don't get something for nothing.I'd better get going.Get well soon.Song: Positive action.Negative questions.Grammar.Handwriting and personality.Scanning texts for information.Peanuts ..English in science and technology (1).Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 78.

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Unit 79. Reported speech. 1 6 0 1 Tests 73-80: Answers. 1 6 3 7What did he say? 1 6 0 2 Index: Units 73-80. 1 6 4 0What did they teU you to do? 1 6 0 4What did she ask you? 1 6 0 5What did you reply? 1 6 0 6 Unit 81. Alternatives to modal auxiliary verbs. 1 6 4 1Song: She wasn't joking. 1 6 0 7 Obtigation and permission. 1 6 4 2Interrupting and changing the subject, 1 6 0 8 Ability. 1 6 4 4Grammar. 1 6 1 0 Other points. 1 6 4 6Spy stories. 1 6 1 2 Song: Cousin Daisy. 1 6 4 7Love and the seasons. 1 6 1 4 Using people's titles. 1 6 4Peanuts. 1 6 1 5 Grammar. 1 6 5 0English in science and technology (2). J 6 1 6 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. 1 6 5 2Key points from this unit, 1 6 1 8 Logical laws. 1 6 5 4Dialogue. 1 6 1 8 Peanuts. 1 6 5 5Test 79. 1 6 2 0 English in science and technology (3). 1 6 5 6Key points from this unit. 1 6 5 8

Dialogue. 1 6 5 8Test 81. 1 6 6 0

Unit 80. Revision unit. 1 6 2 1 Unit 82. Omission and substitution: Verbs. 1 6 6 1English tenses: Revision. 1 6 2 2 Take it easy! - I will. 1 6 6 2Modal auxiliary verbs: Revision. 1 6 2 4 Take it easy! - I usuaJJy do. 1 6 6 4The verb get: Revision. 1 6 2 5 Take it easy! - I intend to. 1 6 6 6Subjunctive forms: Revision. 1 6 2 6 Song: If anything can possibly go wrong,Song: Don't let me be misunderstood. 1 6 2 7 it will, 1 6 6 7Grammar: Summary of Units 73-79. 1 6 2 8 Keeping a conversation going. 1 6 6 8Summaries of famous books. 1 6 3 0 Grammar. 1 6 7 0A reading exercise. 1 6 3 2 Some English idioms. 1672Dictation. 1 6 3 3 Help yourself! 1 6 7 4Peanuts. 1 6 3 3 Peanuts. 1 6 7 5Your knowledge of English. 1 6 3 4 English in science and technology (4). 1 6 7 6Dialogue. 1 6 3 4 Key points from this unit. L 6 7 8Test 80. 1 6 3 6 Dialogue. 1 6 7 8Test 82: 1 6 0

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Unit 83. Omission and substitution:Other words.Same again!Happy in your work?I think so.Song: Sally and Johnny.Surprise.Grammar.Death of a Salesman.Reading and writing exercises.Peanuts.Study skills (3): Deducing meanings.Key POiDIS from this unit ..Dialogue.Test 83.

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Unit84. Verbs followed byadjeetives.The five senses.Changes and results.Opinions.Song: Misty.Agreeing and disagreeing.Grammar.English literature from Canada.Some more English idioms.Peanuts.Study skills (4): Reading and makingnotes.

Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 84.

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Unit 8.5. Verbs foOowed by participles.If you want something done well, do ityourself.

What needs doing?Stop worrying!Keep on trying!Soag, Going, going, gone.Saying things indirectly.Grammar.The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.Reading and writingexe.rcises.Peanuts,Study skills (5): Listening and makingnotes.Key points I'rom this unit.

Dialogue.Test 85 ..

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{J(lit86. Verbs followed by infinitives.Absence makesthe heart grow (oDder.Don't forger to wrile!Can you teacn me 10 dauce?Song: At the door of [he disco.Comparing anacontrasring,Grammar,EngliSh literature from Australia.Reading and. writing exercises.Peanuts,EngliSh in tourism.Key poitl1;s from mls unit.Dialogue.'fest 86.

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Unit 87.. Question-tags.Asking for agreement.Asking for information.Getting people to do things.Song: If you leave me, can Icome too?Irony and. sarcasm.Grammar.Some humorous poems.Plays on words.Peanuts.English in medicine.Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 87.

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Unit 88. Revision unit.Omission and substitution: Revision.Verbs foUowed by adjectives, participlesand infinitives: Revision.Alternatives to modal auxiliary verbs:Revision.Song: If you go away.Grammar: Summary of Units 81-87.The history of the English language:A reading exercise.Dictation.Peanuts.Your knowledge of English.Dialogue.Test 88.

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Tests 81-88: Answers.Index: Units 81-88. 1 7 9 71 8 0 0

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Unit 89. Adjectives: Various points.The best is yet to come.Utter nonsense!What are you afraid of?I'm so lonesome Icould cry.Song: Love is a desert.Generalizing and summarizing.Grammar.The Four Seasons.Business letters.Peanuts.Study skills (6): Translation.Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 89.

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Unit 90. Adverbs: Various points.It's only rock'n'roll,It's reaUy excellent,Play it loud!Song:.The stars of country music.Adverbs showing attitudes.Grammar.English literature from Africa.Reading and writing exercises.Peanuts.Study skills (7): Using English grammarbooks.Key points from this unit.Dialogue.Test 90.

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Unit 95. Conjunctions and word order:Various


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I /UNIT

73I

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Modal auxiliary verbs: Some special uses.Can la pre ente unidad ernpieza la cuarta y ultima fase del curso -llamada Springboard 0 "Trarnpolin"-, que e extiendedesde la unidad 73 a la 96. La unidade de esta fase, en las cuales encontrara algunas secciones nuevas junto a otras quele resultaran Iamiliares, Ie guiaran desde el punto final de la tercera fase, donde estableci6 u ' campamento avanzado"en el aprendizaje del ingles, hasta la cumbre que se habia propuesto alcanzar al iniciar el curse.Tal como pudo leer en espanol al inicio del curso (pag, 5), las unidades de esta fase tienen las siguientes secciones:[IJ Speaking and listening.. . . . . . . .--luency.-

~ Attitudes..m Grammar.I I I Written English.r n Special English.IIynopsis.6 Test.

Exercises which give you more practice in speaking English and in under-standing it when it is spoken .The things that make your English sound natural and fluent. (This section doesnot appear in all units.)Words and phrases which help you to express your attitudes and feelings inEnglish. (This section alternates with Fluency.)Some more advanced points of English grammar, with examples and exerci es.Some more advanced writing practice and various kinds of reading practice,including texts from literature.Preparation for using English in different occupations and types of studies.As in Phases 1, 2 and 3, a summary of what you have learnt in the unit.Also as in Pha .es 1, 2 and 3, exercises which help you to check your progress inlearning EngUsh.

La primera pagina de las unidades de esta ultima fase del curse le ofrece diversas sugerencias para revisar los aspectosque ya conoce de los temas desarrollados en cada unidad, asi como algunos consejos encaminados a facilitarle elaprendizaje del ingles. En cada unidad, ademas, se comentan algunas "confusiones que deben evitarse", explicandose ,par ejernplo, las diferencias entre pares a grupos de palabras inglesas que Losestudiantes suelen confundir.En la secci6n de Speaking and listening de las unidades de e ta fase practicara sistematicarnente aspectos linguistico queamplian cornpletan 0matizan los estudiados en las fa es precedentes. Asimismo, como es usual, encontrara informa-cion mas detaUada acerca de tales aspectos en la seccion de Grammar de la unidad corre pondiente. En la presenteunidad aprendera algunos usos que todavia no conoce de los verbos auxiliares modale (modal auxiliary verbs) en losapartados titulados Advice and opinions (Consejos y opiniones), Refusals (Negativas), Possibilities (Posibilidades) yOther expressions (Otras expresiones).1481


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Speaking and listening

Advice and opinions.Sin duda, usted ya se habra farniliarizado can el verbaauxiliar modal should, empleado en anteriores unidadespara dar consejos y expresar opiniones. Existe una alter-nativa al usa de should que todavia no conoce: ought to1'J:t t'dl. (Observe que mientras should va seguido de uninfinitivo, entre ought y el infinitivo del verba que corre -ponda se situa la particula to.)Para subrayar el hecho de que, en el habla informal,ought to es simplemente una alternativa de should eldialogo grabado en la cassette reproducido eo esta pa-gina es, en lineas generales, el mismo que via en la uni-dad 42 (pag. 858). En aquella unidad se ejemplifieaba eluso de should; aqui se utiliza ought to.

Study these examples.

{should } .You h stop smoking,oug t to Deberias/Deberia dejar de fumar.{ :~:~tdto } get some exercise.

Deberias/Deberia haeer alga de ejercicio.{ should not }You h work so hard.oug t not to

o deberias/deberia trabajar tan dura.

You

Advice and opinions. Listen.Woman:Man:Woman:Man:

You ought to stop smoking.When Iwant your advice, I'llask for it.Ionly said you ought to----Oh, sorry. You're right. I ought to stop smok-mg.And you ought to get some exercise. Let's havea game of tennis this evening.This evening? No, Iean't , I'm going to see thedoctor.

Man: What do you think, doctor?Doctor: Well, Mr Lincoln, if you want my advice, I

think you ought to do three things: You oughtto stop smoking. You ought to get some exer-cise. And you ought not to work so hard.

Woman:

Man:

Listen and repeat.You ought to stop smoking.You ought to get some exercise.You ought not to work so hard.

Practice.You O U 7 some exercise

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In the Synopsis dialogue in Unit 42. Annagave Mr Jones some advice about hislearning of Japanese. She used the ex-pression should, but she could have usedthe expression ought to. like this:Anna: Are you still having lessons?Mr 1.: Yes, but only once a week.Anna: Well, perhaps you ought to have

lessons more often.Mr 1.: Iknow Iought to, but Idon t have

the time.Alina: Do you practise at home'?Mr 1.: Yes, with my books and cassettes.

Every Saturday morning.Anntl: Well, I think you ought to practise

every day.- Read the dialogue aloud.- Read the dialogue aloud for a econdtime, saying should instead of ought to.


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UNIT 73

En la pagina anterior ha vista que ought to + infinitive se puedeutiLizar en lugar de should + infinitive tanto si se haee referenda alpresente como al futuro.Como ha aprendido en anteriores unidades, should tarn bien puedeir seguido de un perfectinfinitive para hacer referencia a accionesque deberfan haberse realizado en el pasado, pero que no se reali-zaron, 0 a otras acciones que, si bien se realizaron, no deberianhaberse realizado. Con este sentido tambien es po ible utilizarought to en lugar de sbould tal como rnuestra el dialogo grabadoen la cassette. AI igual que en la pagina preeedente, este dialogo essemejante a otro aparecido can anterioridad (unidad 70, pagi-na 1418) pero en el ought to sustituye a should.

Study these examples.

We ought to have ]should have stayed at home.Deberiamos habcrnos quedado en casa,

ought to have } .h Id h taken a different road.s ou aveDeberiamos haber tornado una carretera diferente.ought to have}. .h Id h said something.s ouave .Deberias/Deberta haber dicho algo.

You {

~~ Listen.Woman:Man:

Perhaps we ought to have stayed at home this evening.No. We ought to have taken a different road, or weought to have left at a different time.Yes.There are always problems on this road. Who suggestedcoming this way'?You did.Oh. Did I'?Yes. I didn't think it was a very good idea.Well, you ought to have said something. You ought tohave taken the car keys, and you ought to have said: "I'lldrive, and I'll choose the route."I'll do that next time!

Woman:Man:

Woman:Man:Woman:Man:

Woman:Listen and repeat.We ought to have stayed at home.We ought to have taken a different road.You ought to have said something.

Iought to have taken a taxi.Practice.The following extracts are taken from jokes inUnit 70. (They are on pages 1419 and ]430.)- Read them aloud.

"We should have brought the pianowith us."

"Be should have said 'Eighty', sir."

"You said: 'Is.' You should have said:'I am.'"

"You should have been here at nineo'clock."

- Read them aloud for a second time. sayingought to instead of should.

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Speaking and listeningRefusals.Algunos de los verbos auxiliares rnodales cuyos uses basicos ha practicado con anterioridad poseen tarnbien diferentesmatices de significado que arin no conoee, Esta y las siguientes paginas estan dedicadas al estudio de tales rnatices.Aqui examinara un nuevo matiz de los verbos auxiliares will y would,de los que ya conoce sus usos principales: will para referirse al futu-ro, y would para construir frases condicionales y como alternativa aused to para hablar de habitos pasados.Estos verbos auxiliares tambien pueden transmitir la idea de com pla-cencia a desgana para hacer algo: will/won't en el presente y would}wouldn't en el pasado. Todos los ejemplos que aparecen en el dialogograbado en la cassette estan en forma negativa, de ant el titulo queencabeza el apartado, "Negativas".Study these examples.Present.She won't say "Yes" and shewon't say "No".

She won't discuss it.Past.She wouldn't say "Yes" and shewouldn't say "No".

She wouldn't discuss it.

, Ella se niega a decir "Sf" y seniega a decir "No".Ella se niega a discutirlo.

Ella se negaba a decir "Sf" y senegaba a decir "No".

Ella se negaba a discutirlo.

I've asked her to marry me. But shewon't say "Yes" and she won't say "No"./

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Work with the cassette.

Refusals. Listen.Man 1: What's the matter with you, Ray.

mond? You don't look very happy,Man 2: Oh, I'm in love with Samantha.She's a wonderful girl ... and Ive

asked her to marry me. But shewon t sa y "Yes" and sh e won't say"No".Man 1: I see.

Man 2: I phoned her last night and askedher again.Man 1: What did she say?Man 2: Oh, she wouldn't discuss it, In fact,

she wouldn't speak to me at all.Man 1: on ,Man 2: So I went to her flat, but shewouldn't let me in. She wouldn't

even open the door.Man 1.: Why don't you ask her ill a more. ...Man 2:Man 1:

romantic way?What do you mean?Well ... Stand under her balcony inthe moonlight and call her name ...Yes, that's a great idea! Like Romeoand Juliet! ". Oh ... No ... Just aminute. It's not a very good ideaafter all.Why not?She hasn't got a balcony.

Man 2:

Man I:M an 2:

Practice.Read the following sentences from the cas-sette dialogue aloud, and translate them.She wouldn't discuss it. In fact, she wouldn'tspeak to me at all,

So I went to her flat, but she wouldn't let mein. She wouldn't even open the door.

Answers Oil page 1500.


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UNIT 73Possibilities.En las anteriores paginas de esta unidad ha tenido ocasion de recor-dar que el verbo auxiliar modal should indica basicamente obligacion;sin embargo e te verbo tarnbien se puede utilizar de una rnaneraligeramente distinta. De hecho, ya ha visto un ejemplo de este distin-to matiz de significado en la cancion interpretada par los Bee Geesque figura en la unidad 60 (pag, 1221).And J will give you all my life. I'm here if you should call to me.Y yo te ofrecere tada mi vida. Estey aquf si tu quisieras llamarrne/si til me Uamaras.

Utilizar should de este modo en una frase condicional relativa al futu-ro hace que una posibilidad parezca menos probable. Compare lassiguientes expresiones ....ifyou call to me .... si tr i me llamas. (Bastante probable.)... if you should call to me .... si tt l me llamaras, ( 0 tan probable.)En el dialogo grabado en la cassette reproducido a continuacion-donde el aspirante a Romeo que ha visto en la pagina anterior ponesu plan en acci6n utilizando la canci6n de los Bee Gees- aparece lasiguiente frase en la que se utiliza el verba should:If you should change your mind, phone me.Si cambiaras de opinion, telefonearne.

1 1 , = , 1 1 Possibilities. Listen.Man 2:

Man 1:Man 2:Man 1:Man 2:Man 1:Man 2:Man Z:Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2'Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:

She lives on tbe second floor, but she hasn't got a balcony.So I can't stand under her balcony in the moonlight.Well ... urn ... stand under her window In tbe moonligbt!Oh. Right. OK.Call her name - and sing her a romantic song.A romantic song?Yes. Like ... "Words", by The Bee Gees, for example. Youcan borrow my guitar, ifyou like.Ob. Rigbt. Good idea. Tbanks, Martin.(Singing.) "And I will give you all my life. I'm here if yousbould call to me."What was that, Raymond?''I'm here if you should call to me."I see. OK .... Raymond!Yes Samantha?Go away and don t come back!Oh. Urn ... Does tbat mean you won't marry me?That's right, Raymond.Oh, I see. Well ... Urn ... Jfyou should change your mind.phone me. You've got my number. (Sploshl} Oh,

"I'm here ifyou should call to me."

Practice.- Read these song titles aloud, and translatethem."If I give my heart to you."

(Doris Da , 1954)"Hyou go away." (Tom Jones, 1968)"If it happens again." (UB40, 1984)

- Use sbouJd to make them more improbable.Example:"If I should give my heart to you."

- Translate the versions including should.Answers on page 1500.

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Speaking and listeningOther expressions.En Ingles existen bastantes expresiones idiornaticas (idio-matic expressions) que contienen verbos auxiliares rno-dales. En esta pagina practicara tres expresiones de usafrecuente en las que se emplean los verbos auxiliares mo-dales would, might y can.Study these examples.Would you like to ... ?-I'd (I would) rather not.-Imight as well - I've got

nothing else to do.

i,Querrias ... ?Ii,Querria ... ?- Preferiria no (hacerlo).- Bien podria (hacerlo) ...

no tengo nada masque hacer.Yo ... todo el tiernpo.

o puedo evitarlo.I ... all the time.Ican't help it.EI dialogo grabado en la cassette correspondiente a estapagina -en el que el Romeo que aparece en los dialogosanteriores describe a su amigo el fracasado intento de daruna serenata a su lulieta- muestra algunos usos de estasexpresiones.

Other expressions. Listen.Man 1: Well, did he give you an answer?Man 2: Samantha? Yes.Man 1: What did she say?Man 2: Urn ... She said she would rather not marry me.Man I: Were those her exact words? "I'drather not"?Man 2: No. Her exact words were: "Go away and don't

come back!"Man 1: I see. Well that's quite a definite answer.Man 2: Yes. , .. But I still think about her all the time.Ican't help it.Man 1: Listen ... Linda and Iare going to see a fllm this

evening. Why don't you come with us?Man 2: OK. Thanks. I might as well - I've got nothing

else to do. Which film are you going to see?Man 1: "Love Story."Listen and repeat.I'd rather not.I can't help it.I might as well.

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Sbe said she would rather not marry me.

Practice.- Read aloud these lines, and translate them. (They arefrom the song In dreams by the American singer RoyOrbison,1963.)J can't help it,Ican't help it,IfIcry.

IrememberThat you said:"Goodbye."

- Do the same with these lines. (They are from the songIf you go away, mentioned on the previous page. Youwill be able to hear this song in Unit 88.)If you go awayOn this summer day,

Then you might as wellTake the sun away.

Answers on page 1500.


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UNIT 73

Song.This song, The art of conversation, is an amusing introduction to our new Fluency section, which begins on the followingpages. On those pages, we discuss and practise expressions like those in the song (Ah-ha, Did you really?, By the way,In other words, etc.).

Song: The art of conversation,Iwas never very good at conversation:1was lost in every situation.IDever had any stories to tell.I ju st said : ''E r ~.~ U rn ~.. , W en , "

Then Ihad an idea - a revelation I:You can easily be good at conversation ..When you can't think of anything much to say,One or two words go a very long way."Ah-ha. Mm-hm, Yes, I see.""Ah-ha. Mm-hm. Did you really'?"'Ah-ha. Mm-hm. Is that SO?2""Ah-ha, Mm-hm, Yes and no."...''I agree."In the past, 1 never dared to i_nterrup~When somebody else was speaking.If I did, it sounded too abrupt",And my voice always started sqaeeklng".Now I'm a master of the art of conversation:I'm at ease" in every situation.Everything bas turned out all righf:Now, when I start talking, I can talk all night.''For example, ... ", "By the way, .....","I nearly forgot: " "I was going to say: ... ",''In other words, ", "Between you and me, ... ",''That's not quite right", "Do you know what''Perhaps'', "Well,. could be", [lmean?""Anything's possible", "1 agree","One other thing: ... "

Iuna revelacion2 i,Es asi?'J;. - mtcrrurnprr4 sonaba demasiado brusco

s (a) carraspear6 cstoy comodo7 Todo ha resultado bien

Practice.- Listen to the song on the cassette, following the words. Thenread aloud all the expressions in quotation marks (" ... ").- Read the following sentences aloud, and say if they are true orfalse for you.I am not very good at conversation.I never dare to interrupt when somebody else is speaking.I am quite good at conversation.I am a master of the art of conversation.I amat ease in every situation.When I start talking, I can talk aU night.

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e. _ . . . ... ,urn ., Fluency

Introduction to Fluency.En la seccion que ahara se inicia practicara diversos aspectos de la lengua que Ie permitiran hablar ingles de rnanerafluida y natural. Esto supone el estudio de diversas expresiones que "lubrican" la conversacion es decir expresionesque se emplean por ejemplo, para mostrar interes par algo previamente mencionado, para seguir una conversacion,para parafrasear alga, para interrumpir cortesmente 0 cambiai de tema, para mostrar acuerdo desacuerdo 0 necesidadde aclarar algun aspecto, etc. Tambien exarninara COmo algunos onidos pueden ser omitidos al hablar con fluidez yaque muy a menudo , cuando las palabras se unen entre sf, no se pronuncian de manera tan clara como cuando se dicenpor eparado 0 can un habla lenta y cuidadosa.En la cancion de la pagina anterior ha escuchado algunas expresiones que se empleao en la conversacion con distintospropositos y que puedeo resultarle Miles. En el cuadro reproducido a continuacion dicha expresiones estan agrupadassegun la categoria a la que pertenecen. Asimismo, el dialogo grabado en la cassette, en el que vuelve a aparecer eldesafortunado Romeo de las paginas anteriores, rnuestra el usa de muchas de elias.Usted ya ha tenido ocasion de farniliarizarse COn algunas de estas expresiones a con las palabras que las componen enanteriores unidades del curso. 0 obstante, practicara de forma sistematica estos y otros tipos de expresionesen posteriores secciones de Fluency.Well, ... Bien, ... Para introducir comentario de diferentes tipos.Ah-ha, /", 'hrel I Para indicar que se ha comprendido 10Vb-bub. /g'hg/ Aja ... previamente dicho 0 que se est a interesado porMm-hm, /g(m) 'h


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UNIT 73

I stood under her window,singing a romantic song.f (

Notes.IEsta expresion, a difcrencia de otras del cuadro , queconstituyen frases hechas, varfa de acuerdo can 1 0 dichopar la persona COil la que se esta hablando.While [ was living in Spain, I met Salvador Dali.- Did you. really?My grandfather was an explorer.- Was he really?My sister can speak seventeen languages.- Can she really?Es decir en la respuesta, el verbo (did, was, can, etc.) yel pronornbre (you, be, she, etc.) concuerdan coo el ver-ba y el sujeto del enunciado al que se responde.

2 Esta expresion solo se puede utilizar como respuesta auna frase construida can una forma del verba be.Perhaps he's French.- Hmm ... (He) could be.Do you think these paintings are by Constable?- (They) could be.

Listen and repeat.Ah-ha.Mm-hm.RealIy?Did you really?By the way, .. .Listen.Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:

Woman:Man 2:Man 1:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:Woman:Man 2:Man 1:Man 2:Woman:Man 1:Man 2:

Are you OK, Raymond?Oh, yes - I'm fine. Iwas just thinking aboutSamantha.Mm-hm,Between you and me, I think she made theright decision when she said "No".Really?Yes. I'm not the man for ber , She's veryactive and determined, and I'm a bit ... well,I'm not very confident. Do you know what 1mean?Yes, I think so. In other words, you andSamantha are very different.That's right. Martin did you tell Linda whathappened?No.Well, it was quite funny, actually.Mm-hm.You know Samantha's flat - on the second.floor ...Ah-ha.Well, Iborrowed Martin s guitar and stoodunder her window, singing a romantic song.Did you really?Yes. It was Martin's idea. He thought shemight suddenly fall in love with me.WelI, anything's possible.Unfortunately, it didn't work.Never mind.By the way, Raymond, have. you still got myguitar?Yes. I'll give it back to you tomorrow. It's ...er ... still a bit wet at the moment.

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Grammarshould.erbos auxiliares modales: Algunos usos

no tratados en anteriores unidades.En las primeras tres fases del curso ha estudiado los usosbasicos de los verbos auxiliares modales can, could, maymight must shall, should will y would. Estos usos seresumieron en los cuadros reproducidos en la unidad 44(pag, 905) y en la unidad 70 (pags. 1424-1425), y se hizouna breve referencia a ellos al repasar las unidade 1-72en la anterior secci6n de Grammar.Algunos verbos auxiliares rnodales tienen, adernas, otrousos y pueden expresar diversos matices de significado,como los que vera a continuaci6n. Ya ha practicado algu-nos de dichos usos en las paginas precedentes.c a n .Como abe, el verbo can se emplea para expresar habili-dad (1 can swim), para hacer p ticiones (Can 1 come in?)y, en forma negativa, para hacer deducciones (This can'tbe the right house). Este verbo tambien se utiliza paraexpresar posibilidad.You'll need a guide: the desert can be very dangerous.Necesitaras/Necesitara un guia: el desierto puede sermuy peligroso.

And take some warm clothes: the nights can be very cold.y llevate/llevese ropa de abrigo: la noches puedenser muy frias.may.Ha practicado el uso de may para hacer peticiones (May 1use your phone?) y para referirse a posibilidades (I maycome to the. party, but I'm not sure). Este verba tambiense utiliza para expresar buenos deseos de manera formal,y, en una discusion, para mostrar asentimiento con algoque, a continuacion, va a ser rebatido 0 modificado. Al-gunos versos extraidos de canciones de Bob Dylan pro-porcionan excelentes ejemplos de e tos dos usos.May God bless and keep you always,May your wishes all come true,... And may you stay forever young.

(''Forever young")Que Oios te bendiga y te guarde siemprc,que todos tus deseos se conviertan en realidad,.. y que permanezcas siempre joven.You may be a businessman ...You may be rich ...But you're gonna have to serve somebody.

("Gotta serve somebody")Puede que seas un hombre de negocios ...puede que seas rico ...pero vas a tener que servir a alguien.1 4 Y O

Ya sabe que should se utiliza para dar consejos y opinio-nes (1 think you should stop smoking).Como ha visto (pag. 1485), este verbo se emplea tambienen frases condicionales en las que se hace referencia alfuturo para expresar una po ibilidad poco probable.Hyou should change your mind, phone me.Si cambiaras de opinion telefoneame/telefoneeme.El verbo should se puede utilizar asimisrno en preguntasformuladas para poner de manifiesto la difieultad en com-prender algo.I have. been waiting for 45 minutes. Why should it takeso long to make a tomato omelette?He esperado durante 45 minutos. ~Por que ha de tardartanto en hacerse una tortilla de tom ate?

Y, finalmente, e emplea en algunas pregunta que cons-tituyen frases hechas y poseen un tono de irritacion.Give me your car keys. - Why should I?Dame/Deme la llaves de tu/ u cache. - iPor que habriade hacerlo?

Where's Jack? - How should Iknow?l.D6nde esta Jack? - i,C6mo habna de saberlo?will.Sin duda Ie resultara familiar el uso de will para referir e ahechos futuros (I will be 21 next year) y para manifestardecisiones ($20? OK. I'll take it).Como ha visto en la pagina 1484, el verba will tarnbien seutiliza para expresar complaceucia 0 buena dispo icionpara hacer algo, 0 por el contrario, para expresar unanegativa mediante el uso de la particula not.Mr Jones, the bank will lend you 5,000 - but that is all.Mr Jones, el banco le prestara (esta dispuesto a prestarle)5.000, pero eso es todo.

I've asked ber to marry me but she won't say"Yes" and she won't say "No ' .

Le he pedido que se case conmigo, pero se niega a decir"Sf' y se niega a decir "No".

Asimismo, se puede utilizar el verba will para expresaruna hipotesis cuando la persona que habla cree estar en 10cierto.We can't disturb him now. He'll be baving breakfast.No podemos molestarle ahora. Estara desayuoando.Telephone for you! - Ab, that'll be Tom. He always callsme about this time.

[Te/Le Haman al telefono! - Ah , sera Tom. Siempre mellama en torno a esta hora.


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would.UNIT 73

Ha practicado el uso de would en frases condicionales (IfRoelnante won this race, it would be a miracle!), enexpre-siones como I'd like, I'd prefer y I'd recommend, y parareferirse a habito pasados (Our grandparents would siton the balcony ... ).Como ba vista en la pagina 1484, este verbo tarnbien seemplea para referirse a una buena disposicion que se tuvoen el pasado para bacer alga, 0, utilizando la particulanot para expresar una negativa localizada asimismo en elpasado .I offered them 200 because they had worked very hard,but they would only accept 100.

Les ofreci 200 porque habian trabajado muy duro,pero s610 estaban dispuestos a aceptar 100.

Iwent to her flat, but she wouldn't let me in.Fui a su apartarnento, pero se oegaba a dejarme entrar.El verbo would se puede utilizar can un sentido que gene-raJmente se denomina"futuro del pasado '.In 1564, a boy was born in Stratford-upon-Avon - a boywho would become England's greatest dramatist.

En 1564, un nino naci6 en Stratford-upon-Avon un ninoque lIegarfa a ser el mayor dramaturgo de Inglaterra.

Y tambien se emplea detras de la expresion I wish paraindicar un deseo presente 0 futuro.It's so hot and dry! I wish it would rain!jEt tiempo es tan calido y seco! jDesearfa que llovieral

Una observacion acerca deshould y ought to.Como ha vis to en las paginas 1482 y 1483, ought to consti-tuye una alternativa a should cuando se dan consejos 0 seexpresan opiniones.Wbat ought I to do?You ought to take a holiday.You oughtn't (ought not) to work so hard.Sin embargo, ought to generalmente 00 se utiliza en con-textos formales 0 irnpersonales. POT ejemplo no se utili-zaria en los siguientes casos que usted ya ha visto ante-riormente en otra partes del cur 0 don de 10normal seriael empleo de should.E n la etiq ueta de una botella de vino:Thi wine should be kept in a cool place.En las instrucciones para el usa de un medicamento:Should not be given to children.

Should not be given 10children.

Exercise.Put 10 will Of would.I. [wish you ..... believe me. I'm telling the truth!2. There' someone at the door. - It .....probabl be thepostman.3. I tried to explain what had happened, but nobody .....listen to me .

..l_ When John Logie Baird invented television, did heknow that it ..... change the world?

5 you marry me? - No. I will not.

Answers on page 1500.1491


19/28

Written EnglishHave a good flight!A 10 largo de la fase que abora empieza, en esta y en sucesivas secciones de Written English tendra ocasion de realizardiversos ejercicios cuyo objetivo es afianzar [a habilidad para la escritura que ha ido desarrollando en las fases anterio-res. Tarnbien encontrara una amplia gama de text os ingleses que Ie ayudaran a seguir aumentando su seguridad y fluidezen la lectura y, ante todo contribuiran a que se acostumbre a enfrentarse a texto que, inevitablemente, incluyenpalabras que todavfa no conoce.Par regia general, se lee por una de estas dos razones: para obtener informacion 0, simplemente, par placer. Losmateriales de lectura de la presente unidad cubren ambas necesidades, ya que, en e ta pagina y en la siguiente,encontrara unos textos informativos tornados de dos revistas publicadas por sendas cornpanias aereas, y, en las dospaginas que vienen a continuacion. un extracto de un famoso libra ace rca de un tipo de viajero muy diferente delhabitual, Robinson Crusoe. Par su parte, la historieta de la presente unidad gira en torno al tema de los viajes en avi6n.En primer lugar, lea el texto que se reproduce a continuacion procedente de la revista publicada par Qantas. lacomparila de lineas aereas australianas. En este texto estan sefialadas las palabras que aun no conoce: no obstante, tratede averiguar su significado antes de consultar la traduccion que figura en est~ misma pagina.

Qan ta s is t he w orld 's s ec on d o ld e st a irlin e ,a nd its fa mous I initials I I s ta n d fo r IQueens la nd and No rt he rn Te rrit or ie s Ae ria lServices.As the name I im p lie s], Q a n ta s b eg an inth e n orth o f A u stra lia , a n d w a s e sta blis he don N ovem ber 20, 1920. C Y i l l l i i l l J a fewm on th s, Q an ta s h ad I pioneered I th e R oya lF ly in g D oc to r S e rv ic e, w h ic h is s tilla lif e- sa v in g s e rv ic e t oda y.

QANTAS

Traduccion del texto de Qanta .Qantas es la scgunda campania de Hnca aercas del rnun-do par su antigiiedad, y sus famo as iniciales significanQueensland and orthern Territories Aerial Services.Como da a en tender el nornbre, Oantas cornenzo en elnorte de Australia. y se fundo el 20 de noviernbre de1920. En unos pecos meses, Qantas habra emprendido elReal Servicio Medico Aereo, que aUII hoy constituye uriservicio de salvamento.Desdc sus cornienzos en 1920. Oantas se ha convertido enuna de las mayores comparilas de llncas aereas del mun-do. EI cmblcma del canguro en sus aviones es ahara unavision familiar en Europa. Asia. Oriente Media, Extre-ma Oriente y Africa. La campania de lineas aereas Lam-bien vuela en servicios trans-Pacffico desde Australia aHonolulu, Tahiti. Fiji, Vancouver. Los Angeles, SanFrancisco y, naruralmente , a traves del mar de Tasmania,a Nueva Zelanda,

1492

F ro m its e arly b eg in nin gs in 1 92 0, Q a nta sh as b ec om e o ne of th e w orld 's g re at a irlin es .T h e k an ga ro o I emb lem I o n its a irc ra ftis now a] fa m ilia r! s ig ht in E uro pe , A sia , th eM id dle E as t, th e F ar E as t a nd A tric a. T hea irlin e a ls o f lie s t ra n s- P ac if ic s e rv ic e s f romA u st ra lia to H on olu lu , T a hiti, F iji, V a nc ou ve r,L os A ng ele s, S an F ra nc is co a nd o f c ou rs ea cros s th e T as ma n S ea to N ew Z ea la nd .

o ~ ~ E I , ' Lea ahora el texto tornado de la revista publicada par la cornpafiiabritanica de lmeas aereas que figura en la pagina siguicnte.- Prirnero lealo par completo con rapidez, sin consultar la lista depalabras nuevas ni la traducci6n que figura a pie de pagina. (Lotres primeros apartados Ie par ceran bastante faciles, y el cuarto,mas diffcil, ya que incluye rnucha palabras nuevas.)- A continuacion, antes de mirar la traducci6n de las palabras nue-vas, busque las siguientes palabras en los tres primeros apartados:items passengers, pipes, minimize e intercontinental. Averigiie susignificado bien a partir del contexte, bien teniendo en cuentasu parecido con palabras que ya conoce 0 incluso. can palabrasespariolas.

- Por ultimo, lea cuidadosamente el cuarto apartado y trate de en-tender su significado. Compruebe la validez de sus deduccionesconsultando la traducci6n correspondiente.


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UNIT 73

About your fl ight.Hand baggage - what to do with it.As much of your hand baggage as possible should be placedin the baggage space above your head. Jackets are bestemptied before you sit down ot things which you'll needduring the flight, such as glasses and passport (which you'llneed lor completing landing forms before you arrive): keepsuch items in the seat pocket in front of you. Any baggagewhich you do not place in the space above your headmust be placed under the seat in front of you. When youleave us, REMEMBERTO TAKE EVERYTHING wITH YOU. We:veenjoyed having you with us, but we'd rather not be leftwith a souvenir!

. SB R \T \S H A \R WI\Y -7-

+' illinformalJl0 .Some useful m

Palabras nuevas de los tres prirneros apartados de l texto.itempassengerpipeminimizeintercontinental

l'aIt.mVI 'p resmd3


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Written EnglishRobinson Crusoe.The name of the English writer Daniel Defoe first appeared in this course when we discussed some British novelists inUnit 46 (pp. 948-949). The hero of his most famous novel is Robinson Crusoe, a seaman who is shipwrecked on a desertisland and spends thirty-five years there. Part of the novel includes Robinson Crusoe's diary or "journal", from whichthe sho rt extracts on th is page are taken.

Daniel Defoe (1660-1731).Daniel Defoe is considered by many people to be the first real novelist in

: English literature.He was born in London. His father's name was James Foe, but Danielchanged his name to Defoe about 1695.He had intended to become a priest, but changed his mind and became .3merchant, travelling widely in Britain and Europe. For some years he wasalso a secret agent: from 1697 to 1701 for King William III, and from 1703to 1714 for several government ministers.He was a writer of great energy: he wrote about 500 books, on a widevariety of subjects, including politics, geography, religion, marriage,psychology and superstitions. He began writing fiction quite late in life.

I "Robinson Crusoe", his most famous novel, was published in 1719.His other novels include "MoD Flanders" (1722) and "Roxana" (1724). Hislater works include a guide-book called "A Tour through the WholeIsland of Great Britain", which appeared in three parts between 1724 and1726, and "The Complete English Gentleman", which was not publisheduntil long after his death, in J.890.

THE JOURNAL Nov. 3.Iwent out with my gun and killedtwo fowls like ducks, which werevery good food.Dec. 24.Much rain all night and all day.September 30, 1659..

I, poor miserable Robinson Crusoe,being shipwrecked during a dread-ful storm, came on shore on thisdismal unfortunate island, which Icalled the Island of Despair.

Dec. 25.Rain all day.Dec. 26.No rain, and the earth much coolerthan before, and pleasanter.

Oct. 25.Itrained aU night and all day, withsome gusts of wind, during whichtime the ship broke in pieces. thewind blowing harder than before.Nov. 1.Iset up my tent under a rock,andlay there for the first night.

June 21.Very ill:prayed to God for the firsttime since the storm.

June 20 (1660).No rest all night, violent pains inmy head. and feverish.

June 22.A little better.June 23.Verybad again, cold, shivering, anda violent headache.June 24.Much better.July 4.Inthe morning, Itook the Bible and,beginning at the New Testament, Ibegan seriously to read it.September 30.The unhappy anniversary of mylanding. I found I had been on shorethree hundred and sixty-five days.

From: Robinson Crusoe ..by Daniel Defoe (1719).

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UNIT 73

Traduccion del texto.

ELDlARIO30 de septiernbre de 1659. Yo, pobre y desdichado Robinson Crusoe,naufrago durante una espantosa tormenta, Ilegue a la costa de esta som-brla y desafortunada isla a la que llarne 13 Isla de la Desesperacion,25 de oct. Llovi6 toda la neche y tcdo el dia, con algunas rafagas deviento, y durante estc tiernpo el barco se rompi6 eo pedazos y el vientosoplaba mas fuerte que antes.I de nov. Sirue mi ticnda bajo una roca, y yael allf durante la primeraneche.3 de nov. Sall con mi escopeta y mate dos aves parecidas a patos, queresultaron muy buenas de comer.24 de die. Mucha lluvia toda la neche y tcdo el dia.25 de die, Lluvia todo cl dia.26 de die. No llueve, y la tierra (esta) mucho mas frta que antes, y rnaagradablc.20 de junio (1660). Sin descanso en toda la neche, violentos dolores enla cabeza, y fiebre.21 de junio, Muy cnfcrmo: reee a Dios por vez prirnera desde latormenra.22 de junio. Un poco rncjor,23 de junio. Muy mal otra vez, frio ternblorcs, y un violento dolor decabeza ,24 de JUDio.Mucba mejor.4 de julio. Por la mariana, oogi la Biblia y, cmpezando pOT el NuevoTestamento, cornence a leerla seriarnenre.30 de septiernbre. EI infeliz aniversario de mi desernbarco. Descubroque be est ado eo tierra tresciemos se enta y cinco dias.De Robinson Crusoe, de Daniel Dcfoc ([7[9).

Robinson Crusoe (from a book published in 1790).

Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz.En anteriores unidades ha visto diversos incidentes del"vuelo" que hizo Schroeder pilotado por Snoopy. En estabistorieta puede ver como empez6 todo , cuando recogi6el biltete de manos del agente de viajes (Lucy).A 1 0 largo de la cuarta fase, lea las historietas siguiendo elmetoda habitual, y trate de averiguar que dicen los perso-najes antes de mirada traducci6n a1espariol que figura enla misma pagina. (A partir de la proxima unidad e toscomentarios introductorios estaran en ingles.)

HERE ,{O U ARE, SIR ...I 'V E B O O K E D '{O U O N. F L IG ~ T F I F T I / - F O U RI F I R S TC L A S S , N O S M O K IN G . L u N C I 1 W I L L B E S E R V E D I NF L lG H T . . . T H E M O YIE IS" C I T IZ E N K A N E 1 :' . E N JO I {l { O U R TRIP.. .

Re;pnn te r l~ pennisslon O f Un i te d fe atu re S yn di cate ,r e c . . Ne w Y o r k . f t e . ' f I Y O t ! ! : ,

I N E V E R K N E W AT R A V E L A G E N T C O U L DB E 5 0 ~ E L P != U L . . .

Traducci6n del dialcgo de las vinetas.

Aqui tiene, senor ".. Ie he hecho la reserva eo el vuelo cincuenta ycuatro primera clase no fumadores ...El alrnuerzo se servira durante el vuelo ... Lapelicula es "CiudadanoKane" ... Que tenga un buen viaje ...Nunca crel que un agente de viajes pudiera ser tan servicial ...Incluso Ie daremos un beso de despedida,Tengo que buscar una revista ...

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r n Special EnglishEnglish in business (1).Bajo el titulo de Special English, en esta seccion vera algunos ejemplos del Ingles empleado en los negocios, la ciencia ,la tecnologfa, la medicina el turismo, etc. Adernas de esto usos especfficos practicara algunas tecnicas de estudio queIe pueden resultar utiles si, una vez terminado el cur 0 piensa continuar perfeccionando sus conocirnientos de ingles 0estudiar otras materias utilizando esta lengua. .En la presente unidad y en las dos siguientes empezara lapractica propia de esta seccion con el Ingles que se utilizaen el mundo de los negocios. Es de esperar que los textosJas grabaciones de la cassette y los ejercicios que constitu-yen la seccion de Special English Ie resulten interesantesy utiles, incluso si son ajenos a su particular campo deinteres,

En el dialogo grabado en la cassette que se reproduce enestas paginas oira a un hombre de negocios que esta pen-sando en hacer un gran pedido a una empresa dedicada ala fabricacion de equiparniento para oficinas y que se dis-pone a visitar la fabrica de Ia misma,En primer lugar, lea el breve texto explicative acerca dela compaiiia, luego escuche el dialogo grabado en la cas-sette y, finalmente, realice los ejercicios.

Harper and Gra.nt LimitedGreat West RoadLondon W25

Telephone 015671112 Te1G.80153 Teleeroms Harp LON

Harper and Grant Ltd are manufacturersof office equipment: large items such asdesks, chairs and cupboards, and manysmaller items.Their premises in London consist of afactory, a warehouse and an officeblock.

English inbusiness (1). Listen.Man: Good afternoon. Iwant to see the Man-

aging Director, please.Good afternoon. Have you an appoint-ment?Of course. Iwouldn't be here if Ihadn't.What is your name, please?Duncan.Just a moment, please. (On the telephones)Miss Corby? Ihave a Mr Duncan here - tosee Mr Grant. He says he has an appoint-ment .... Yes. Yes Iwill. (To Mr Duncans)Mr Duncan, would you take a seat,please? Mr Grant's secretary will be downin a moment.Thank you. Ihope she won't be long. Ihaven't much time.She's on her way now.Good.

Receptionist:Man:Receptionis t:Man:Receptionist:

Man:Receptionist:Man:Receptionist: Here she is.

Secretary: Good afternoon, Mr Duncan. I'm Eliza-beth Corby, Mr Grant s secretary. Wouldyou like to see round the factory first?Yes, Iwould.Now, this is our office block.Mm-hm.We have aU the administrative depart-ments here: Sales Accounts PersonnelMarket Research, and so 00.Er .. What's that building opposite os?That's the warehouse where the largeritems of office equipment are stored.Hmm ... If Iordered a desk today, howlong would it be before ] got delivery inScotland?Ithink perhaps you'd better speak to ourWorks Manager Mr Fielding. You II meethim wben we go over to the factory. We'llgo there DOW.

Man:Secretary:Man:Secretary:

Man:Secretary:

Man:Secretary:

1 4 9 6


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UNIT 73

Sped alized vocabulary,

Ltd (= Limited)manufacturers (of ... )(office) equipment

I'hmltldlI .meen j u 'f rek tJ .m;)'zIII 'kwtprnant/

S,L. (Sociedad Limitada)fabricantes (de .. . )material (de oficina)

If you need to use Englishin business, you may beintere ted in the book fromwhich the dialogue is taken:The Language of Businessby Angela Mack(published byBBC English Courses),

premisesfactoryware bouse(office) block

I'premlsrzl/'frekt~ml/'we.,rhauslIblokJ

locales, establecimientosfabricaalmacenbloque (de oficinas)

administrativeAccounts (Department)

{ I.,d' rrumstratrv/ (UK) }lad'mmlstreltiv! (US)/a'kaonts'

Personnel (Dept)Sales (Dept)Market Research (Dept)

I , P 3 :r ., 'nellI eilz/f /jna.krt rt' 3:t51 (UK) }I,m,,:rklt 'ri.sa.rtj/ (US)

administra tivof va)(Departamento de)contabilidad

(Dep. de) personal(Dep. de) ventasf (Dep. de) investigacionde mercado

Managing DirectorWilrks Manager

Director gerenteGerente de fabrics

l,mrerud3llJ dt 'rekts'?!Yv '3:rks 'mremd3.,rl

In this ware bouse, TVs ready for delivery are stored.

Exercise 1.Say if the following sentence are true or false.1. Harper-and Gr-ant s premises are in London.2. The Managing Director's name is Fielding.3. Mr Duncan's company probably has premises inScotland.

4. Mr Duncan is a very polite person,5. Elizabeth Corby's office is not on the ground Door,Exercise 2.Find the expressions III the dialogue which have thefollowing meanings.1. One moment, please.2. I have a man called Mr Duncan here.3. Sit down, please, Mr Duncan,4.. I hope she will be here soon.5, She's coming now.6, Would you like to visit the factory first?7 .... you should speak to our Works Manager, MrFielding.

8 .... when we go from here to the factory.

Answers Oil page 1500.1497


25/28

Synopsis

Key points from this unit.- The use of ought to, when giving advice and opinions.You ought to stop smoking.You ought not to work so hard.We ought to have taken a different road.

- Tbe use of won't and wouldn't, when expressing re-fusals.She won't say "Yes" and she won't say "No".I went to her Oat, but she wouldn't let me in.

- The use of should when talking about possibilities.If you should change your mind, phone me.

- Some other uses of modal auxiliary verbs.Tbe desert can be very dangerous.May you stay forever young.Don't disturb him now. He'll be having breakfast.'" a boy who would become England's greatestdramatist.Iwish it would rain.

- Some idiomatic expressions including modal auxiliaryverbs.I'd rather not.Imight as well.Ican't help it.Wbere's Jack? - How should Iknow?

- Some expressions which are fie,"! iently used in conver-sation.Mm-hm.For example, ...Inother words, ...By the way, ...

Do you know what 1mean?Between you and me, ...{Did you really?Was be reaJly?, etc.

- Some specialized Business English vocabulary.Managing DirectorAccounts 1PersonnelSales DepartmentMarket Research

premisesfactorywarehouseoffice block

1498

Dialogue.Read the dialogue and listen to it on the cassette. Angelahas been reading a magazine. In it, she has found a quizabout one of Jeff' favourite subjects: pop and rockmusic.

Dialogue.Angela:Jeff:Angela:leff:Angela:leff:Angela:

Jeff:Angela:leff:Angela:leff:Angela:leff:Angela:

leff:Angela:leff:Angela:leff:Angela:Jeff:Angela:

Jeff, there's a quiz in this magazine that's justrigbt for you.Ah-ha."The Pop and Rock Quiz."Oh, right. Ask me some questions.Number 1. Which song was a hit for CaroleKing in 1962 and again in 1972?"It might as wen rain until September.'Right. Number 2. Which song was a hit forElvis Presley in 1962, for Andy Williams in1970, and for The Stylistics in 1976?''I can't help falling In love."Right. Numbers 3, 4 and 5. Who had hits withthese songs? "I can't help it" in 1962.Johnny Tillotson.Right. "The girl can't help it" in 1957.Little Richard.Right. "She'd rather be with me" in 1967.The Turtles.Right. Number 6 ... Numbers 18, 19 and 20.From which songs are these words taken? "Youmight as well face it: you're addicted to love."That's an easy one. "Addicted to love", byRobert Palmer.Right. "I'm here if you should call to me."''I'm here if you should call to me" ... "Words",by The Bee Gees.Right. And finally: "I'd rather be a hammerthan a nail."''I'd rather be a hammer than a nail." ... "If Icould", by Paul Simon.Right. Well, your score is 20 out of 20.Mm-hm.Er ... Scores. 14 to 17: Congratulations. You area pop and rock music expert. 18 to 20: Brilliant.Ifyou should ever decide to change your jobyou ought to become a disc-jockey.


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UNIT 73

Which song was a hit for Carole Kingin 1962 and again in 1972?~------

"It might as well rain until September."\

.. that's just right for you. . . . que es precisarnenteapropiado para ti.

Bien podrtas afrontarlo.ou might as well face it.hit 1 I 1 1 t / exitoturtle I't3 :rt1 1 rortugaaddicted to ... /g'dIktld tg/ adicto(ta) adisc-jockey I'dlskd3olu/ disc-jockeyThe song If1 could is also known by the Spanish titleEI condor pasa.

A disc-jockey is often called a D.J. /,di: 'd3clf.1 4 9 9


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Test

Test 73.Check yourself on what you have learnt in this unit. (Answers at the end of Unit 80.)1. Translate these song titles"She'd rather be with me."''It might as wen rain until September."''If Leould,'"The girl can't belp it.""Ican't help it."''I can't help fa iiino in love."

2 Translate the text on this sign.

A D M IN IS T R A llV E D E P A R T M E N T SA C C O U N T S . . . .

. . . . . M A R K E . T R E . S E A R C H

. . . . . P E R S O N N E LS A L E S . . . .

3. Put the missing words into these lines from songs." ..... you stay forever young.""I'm here if you ..... call to ... ""I rather be a hammer ..... a nail."''If go away on this summer .Then you might ..... well take sun away."

4. Correct the mistakes in these sentences. There is onemistake in each sentence.You ought stop smoking.I hate this weather - I wish lt will stopraining!Raymond telephoned Samantha,but she wouJdn't to speak to him.Elizabeth Corby works for Harperand Grant Limmited ..

5. Explain the differences between the exprCSS101l5 !nthese pairs.Ifyou go away, ....I'd rather not gowith you

a factory1 5 0 0

andandand

If yo u should go away, ...I might as well gowith you.

a warehouse

6. Complete the replies correctly.My aunt was a novelist.~ ..... really'?She won the Nobel Prize for Literature.~ ..... really?Her books have been translated into .25 languages ..- ..... really?

7. Answer these questions about yourself.00 you need to use English in business?Are you a master of the art of conversation?In the last few days, have you forgotten to do anythingthat you ought to have done?Would you rather be a hammer than a nail?

Answers to exercises.Page 1484.Ella se negaba a discutirlo. De hecho, se negaba a hablarrne en absolute(se negaba totalrnente a hablarme),De modo que fui a su apartnmento. pero ella se ncgaba a dejarmeenrrar Se negaba incluso a abrirme la puerra.Page 1485."Si re enrrego mi corazon. '"!"Si te marchas, "'''Si ocurre otra vez."If I should give my hear Ito you. (Si te cnrregara mi coraz6rt.Jllf youshould go away. {Si te marcharas.j/If it should happenagain. (Si ocurrie-ra orra vez.)Page 14il6.No puedo evitar.mo puedo evitar /llorar, (I iteralmenrc: 0 puedo eviiar-!o,/no puedo evitarlo.rsi llcrc.j/Rccuerdo/quc dijis!c:IAdi6s".Si te rnarchas/en estc dia de vcranc.rbicn podrlas/llcvartc cl sol.Page 1491.l. would. 2. will 3. would. 4. would. 5. Will.Page [497.Exercise 1. I. True. 2. False. (His name is Grilll/.) 3. True. 4. False. (Forexample. he said: "I want to see ... " . "Of course. I wollldn't be here if Ihadn't:') 5. True. ("Mr Grant's secretary will be down in a moment.")Exercise 2. l. Just a moment, please. 2. I have a Mr Duncan here, 3. MrDuncan, would you take a seat, please? 4. I hope she won't be long.5. She's on her way now. 6. Would you like to see round the factory first?7 you'd (you had) better speak to our Works Mana.ger, Mr Fielding.8 when we go over to the factory.


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Arrangement of fascicules and cassettes by volumes.Volume 1 FascicuJe 1 - 8 Volume 7 Fascicule 49 - S6

Cassette 1 - Units 1 - 4 Cassette 13 - Units 49 - 52Cassette 2 - Units 5 - 8 Cassette 14 - Units 53 - 56

Volume 2 Fascicule 9 - 16 Volume 8 Fascicule S7 - 64Cassette 3 - Units 9 - 12 Cassette 15 - Units 57 - 60Cassette 4 - Units 13 - 16 Cassette 16 - Units 61 - 64

Volume 3 Fascicule 17 - 24 Volume 9 Fascicule 6S - 72Cassette 5 - Units 17 - 20 Cassette 17 - Units 65 - 68Cassette 6 - Units 21 - 24 Cassette 18 - Units 69 - 72

Volume 4 Fascicule 25 - 32 Volume 10 Fascicule 73 - 80Cassette 7 - Unit 25 - 28 Cassette 19 - Units 73 - 76Cassette - Units 29 - 32 Cassette 20 - Unit 77 - 80

Volume 5 Fascicule 33 - 40 Volume 11 Fascicule 81 - 88Cassette 9 - Units 33 - 36 Cassette 21 - Units ~ cdCassette 10 - Unit 37 - 40 Ca sette 22 - Units 85 - 88

Volume 6 Fascicule 41 - 48 Volume 12 Fascicule 89 - 96Cassette 11 - Units 41 - 44 Cas ette 23 - Units 89 - 92Cassette 12 - Units 45 - 48 Cassette 24 - Units 93 - 96

Phase 4: Springboard.Units 73-96. Cassettes 19-24.

In Unit 74:- Some special uses of English tenses.- The first part of our new section, Attitudes.- Some reading and writing practice.- Some extracts from a famous play by the Irish writer 0 car Wilde.- Some more Business English.

And lots more.

Documents

Curso de inglés BBC English 73-