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Current Status of Physics & Future Prospect @ KEKB
NP
Higgs
SM
Figure byDr. Hayasaka(Nagoya Univ.)
June 20, 2007Supersymmetry in 2010’s @ Hokkaido Univ.
Toru Iijima / Nagoya University
Introduction
Current status: CP violation & CKM
Recent Topics:– Decay with missing energy
B , D*
Future ProspectB/ physics in the LHC eraSuper B-Factory
Summary
Talk Outline
2
Tree1: What we already see.
Tree2: What we starting to see.
Tree3: What we will see.
The Road to NPThe Road to NP2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
e+ source
Ares RF cavity
Belle detectorSCC RF(HER)
ARES(LER)
The KEKB Collider
e- (8.0GeV) × e+ (3.5GeV)⇒(4S) →BB
⇒Lorentz boost: = 0.425
Finite crossing angle- 11mrad ×2
Operation since 1999.
Peak luminosity 1.71 x 1034 cm-2s-1 !
4
Belle Detector
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
International Collaboration: BelleInternational Collaboration: Belle
13 countries, 55 institutes, ~400 collaborators
Aomori U.BINPChiba U.Chonnam Nat’l U.U. of CincinnatiEwha Womans U.Frankfurt U.Gyeongsang Nat’l U.U. of HawaiiHiroshima Tech.IHEP, BeijingIHEP, Moscow
Nagoya U.Nara Women’s U.National Central U.National Taiwan U.National United U.Nihon Dental CollegeNiigata U.Osaka U.Osaka City U.Panjab U.Peking U.U. of PittsburghPrinceton U.RikenSaga U.USTC
Seoul National U.Shinshu U.Sungkyunkwan U.U. of SydneyTata InstituteToho U.Tohoku U.Tohuku Gakuin U.U. of TokyoTokyo Inst. of Tech.Tokyo Metropolitan U.Tokyo U. of Agri. and Tech.Toyama Nat’l CollegeU. of TsukubaVPIYonsei U.
IHEP, ViennaITEPKanagawa U.KEKKorea U.Krakow Inst. of Nucl. Phys.Kyoto U. Kyungpook Nat’l U. EPF Lausanne
Jozef Stefan Inst. /
U. of Ljubljana /
U. of MariborU. of Melbourne
6
Integrated Luminosity
PEP-IIfor BaBar
As of Mar. 15, 2007
KEKBfor BelleKEKB/Belle: 709.9 fb-1
(4S): 620.6 fb-1 (5S): 21.2 fb-1
(3S): 2.9 fb-1
Off-peak: 58.9 fb-1
PEP-II/BaBar: 406.2 fb-1
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Search for Light Dark Matter Results of Y(3S) running (2.9 fb-1 w/ special trigger)
Even if (1S) is invisible, we canobserve via cascade decay Y(3S) Y(1S)invisible
as a recoil mass peak
Recent Hot TopicsPRL 98, 132001 (2007)
S
No way to search Light dark matterfor direct search experimentsThe heaviest quarkonium, Upsilon ,has potential for Invisible (i.e. Dark Matter) decay Phys. Rev. D 72, 103508 (2005)
Demonstration with control sampleY(3S) Y(1S), Y(1S)data
Fit BG Prediction in Phys. Rev. D 72, 1035 (2005)Br(Y(1S)invisble)=6.0x10-3
Br(Y(1S)invisible) 2.5x103 (90%C.L.)
Disfavored
8
Belle Physics Milestone
Observation of BK l+ l-Large CP Violation in B
Discovery of X(3872)
Hint of NP in B->K0
Direct CPV in B0K+
Evidence of B
Observation of bd
Exciting results every year !# of publications =~40 / year219 in total (submitted)
Exciting results every year !# of publications =~40 / year219 in total (submitted)
Observation of DCPV in B+-
Evidence of D0 mixing
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Tree 1:Current status: CP violation & CKM
9The Road to NPThe Road to NP
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
B Decays and the Unitarity Triangle
B→B→
“Time-dependent CP asym. (Indirect CPV)”
B-B mixing
B→/B→K*
B→J/ Ks
B→K
B→DK
B→/K& Other charmless decays
“Partial rate asym(Direct CPV)”
Inclusive b→ul Exclusivell…
Inclusive b→cl ExclusiveD*l…
* * *ub cb tbud cd tdV V +V V +V V =0
10
Mar. 2007Mar. 2007
sin21 = 0.6780.025 (4% accuracy)sin21 = 0.6780.025 (4% accuracy)
PRL 98, 031802 (2007) hep-ex/0703021
World avg.(i.e. with OPAL,ALEPH,CDF)
BB00 J/ J/(2S)(2S)KKSS, , ccKKSS, , c1c1KKSS, , J/J/
BB00 J/ J/
(1 = 21.3 1.0 deg.)
Average withB factories only
Hazumi@Flavour in era of LHC
CPV in bs Penguin Processes
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's 12
bc
sW
/J
d d SK
0B
cb s
s
sg
NP ?
d d SK
0B
• Heavy particles may be mediated in the quantum loop.
• In SM, CPV(B0Ks) = CPV(B0J/Ks)
• If a new particle carries a quantum new phase CPV(B0Ks) ≠CPV(B0J/Ks)
CP dN1 PA (t) sin2( + ) sin(Δ t)m
Mar. 2007: Mar. 2007: 11 with with bb ss Penguins PenguinsSmaller than bccs in all of 9 modesSmaller than bccs in all of 9 modes
Theory tends to predict positive shifts(originating from phase in Vts)
Naïve average of all b s modes
sin2eff = 0.53 ± 0.052.6 deviation betweenpenguin and tree (b s) (b c)
Naïve average of all b s modes
sin2eff = 0.53 ± 0.052.6 deviation betweenpenguin and tree (b s) (b c)
More statistics crucial for mode-by-mode studies
Hazumi@Flavour in era of LHC
2: B+-
50-5
+1
-1
0
t (ps)
Asy
m.
Num
. of
Ev.
0
100
200
300
t (ps)
Asy
m.
Num
. of E
v. B0 tag
B0 tag
A = 0.55 0.08 0.05S = 0.61 0.10 0.04
535MBB hep-ex/0608035
Direct CPV @ 5.5
383MBBC(A) = 0.21 0.09 0.02 S = 0.60 0.11 0.03
hep-ex/0703016
CPV @ 5.5122 1092
deg.
2007/6/21 14Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
3: BDK(*)
Use DCPV via interference between bc and bu tree decays.
Three methods are used
– GLW (D0fCP)
– ADS (DCSD)– GGSZ (Dalitz)
15
/3 = [62 ]+38
u
b
u
uc
sW
B+d
D0
Vcs
V*ub
fCOM
3
u
b
u
su
c
W
B+d D0
+Vus
V*cb _
fCOM
3
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
|Vub| Measurement Semileptonic decays are the most common utilities.
Measurement of b→ul suffer from O(103) larger b→clbackground, and need introduce a cut extrapolation error.
In B factory era, tagging allows us to measure not only Pl, but also Mx and q2, by which the extrapolation error can be reduced.
16
L
Pl at endpointBelle, PLB621, 28(2005)
2 2
2B D
B
m mE
m
~10%
Mx (hadron mass)Belle, PRL95, 141801(2005)
X DM M ~80%
3(4.49 0.19 0.27) 10ubV
|Vub| from inclusive bu(ICHEP2006, BLNP)
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
|Vtd|
BB mixing
17
(~4% accuracy)
0.507 0.005
17.77 0.10 0.07d
s
m
m
0.00810.00600.2060 0.0007td
ts
VV
exp. theo..
B/K*
Vts
W
u,c, tb s
s,d
BF(B ( / ))
BF(B K *)VtdVts
2mB
2 m2
mB2 mK*
2
3
2 1 R
VtdVts
0.197 0.0180.019 (exp)0.015(th)
B
0.23 60.21( ) (1.22 0.05) 10Br
Belle+BaBar
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Success of B Factories
KM model of CPV has been firmly established. sin21= +0.678±0.025 is now a precise measurement (~4%).
The other angles are becoming interesting. 2 from / /
– 21+3 from BD(*) 3 from BDK (w/ D Dalitz)
+ side measurements too.
|Vcb|, |Vub|. mdms
Paradigm change: look forAlternatives to CKM
Corrections by NPNeed far precise tests
Tree 2:Recent Hot Topics: / D(*) H+
19The Road to NPThe Road to NP
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
20
B
Proceed via W annihilation in the SM.
SM Branching fraction is given by
b
u W
fB determination
tan cotb um m
b
u H/W
tanm
Sensitive to the charged Higgs
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Full Reconstruction Method Fully reconstruct one of the B’s to tag
– B production– B flavor/charge– B momentum
Υ(4S)
e (8GeV)
e+(3.5GeV)
B
B
full (0.1~0.3%)reconstructionBD etc.
Single B meson beam in offline !
Decays of interests BXu l , BK BD,
Powerful tools for B decays w/ neutrinos
B Candidate Event
BB++ D D0 0 ++
KK++ - - ++ --
BB-- --
ee--
The 1st Evidence of B The final results are deduced by unbinned
likelihood fit to the obtained EECL distributions.
Signal shape : Gauss + exponentialBackground shape : second-order polynomial
+ Gauss (peaking component)
Signal +
background
Background
B
Signal
Observe 17.2 events.
Significance decreased to 3.5 after including systematics
+5.3 - 4.7
: Statistical Significance
PRL97, 251802 (2006)
24
Constraints on Charged Higgs
2rH
A
A
B
tan / HmB
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
BD(*) Sensitive to the charged Higgs. Theoretical systematics from the form factor.
Additional information from polarization.
( )tan cotb c um m cb
H/W
tan cotb cm m
tanm
25
Decay amplitude2tanbm m
Tauonic decay is the most sensitive !
fB in case of
Belle has observed B0 D*-+ !
BD* : Reconstruction
26
from K.-F.Cheng’ talk @ FPCP07
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
B D* : Results
272007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
28
Cross Checks
e
background
signal
cos cos
Mtag >5.275 Mtag <5.26
signal
otherD*
backgroundFit to signal side variable
Mtag >5.27
Preliminary
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Tree 3:Future Prospect,Super-B
29The Road to NPThe Road to NP
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Super-B: Motivation
If new physics at O(1)TeV…– It is natural to assume that the effects are seen in B/D/
decays.– New source of CP violation ?– Flavour structure of new physics?– These studies will be useful to identify mechanism of
SUSY breaking, if NP=SUSY.
Otherwise…– Search for deviations from SM in flavor physics will be
one of the best ways to find new physics.
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's 30
Physics Reach at Super-B
New CPV phase in bsqq
FCNC
BXs, BXsll
Modes including
CKM
decays
5ab-1 50ab-1Physics at Super B Factory (hep-ex/0406071)
We are working to update the table.
Search for New CPV in bs
32
B B KK00, , ’K’K00, KsKsKs , KsKsKs projection projection for SuperKEKBfor SuperKEKB
|AS
US
Y/A
SM|2
new physics
Discovery region w/ 50 abDiscovery region w/ 50 ab-1-1
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Acp(BXs) vs SUSY models
mSUGURAtan=30
U(2)tan=30
SU(5)+R
tan=30degenerate
SU(5)+R
tan=30non-degenerate
( )gm GeV
mSUGURAtan=30
U(2)tan=30
SU(5)+R
tan=30degenerate
SU(5)+R
tan=30non-degenerate
( )gm GeV
Mixing CPVDirect CPV
Acp
dir
Acp
mix
5ab-1 50ab-1
Charged Higgs Search in B
Charged Higgs Mass Reach (95.5%CL exclusion @ tan=30)
Only exp. error(Vub=0%, fB=0%)
Vub=5%, fB=5%
Vub=2.5%, fB=2.5%
Mass
Reach
(G
eV
)
Luminsoity(ab-1)
Now5ab-1
b
u W
LFV in Decays Quarks and neutrinos have
mixings. What about charged leptons ?
What are the relations between neutrinos and charged leptons ?quarks and charged leptons ?
Br() = O(103-5) x Br(). Enough chance to see or lll.
The two decays have different sensitivity for different NP models.
35
( )e
0
( )e223(13)l
(m )
( )s
( )s
h
3l, l
l
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Br~O(10-89) at Super B factory !
T LFV Prospect
suffers frombackground due to ISR.
Interaction RegionCrab crossing
=30mrad.y*=3mm
New QCS
Super-KEKB
Linac upgrade
More RF power
Damping ring
New Beam pipe
L
2ere
Iyy
*RLRy
Increase beam currents•1.6 A (LER) / 1.2 A (HER) → 9.4 A (LER) / 4.1 A (HER)
Smaller y*
• 6 mm→3 mm
Increase y
• 0.059→>0.24(W-S)
L=8x1035cm-2s-1
8GeV (e+, 4.1A) 3.5GeV (e-, 9.6A)
Super-KEKB (cont’d)
Head-on collision w/ Crab cavityNew crab cavity
Ante-chamber /solenoid for reduction of electron clouds
Circular-chamber
Build-up ofelectron clouds
Ante-chamberAnte-chamberwith solenoid field
Will be tested in 2006.
Crab Cavity
Superconducting crab cavities (1LER and 1HER) have been installed, and being tested at KEKB.
39
L 2ere
Iyy*
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
HER LER
Crab OFF
Crab ON
H. Ikeda, et al.
Detector Upgrade
Higher background
Higher event rate
Require special features- low p m identification - full recon. eff.- hermeticity ; “reconstruction”
- radiation damage and occupancy- fake hits and pile-up noise in the EM
- higher rate trigger, DAQ and computing
Issues Vertexing
Tracking
Particle ID
EM Cal
KL &
Vertexing
Tracking
Particle ID
EM Cal
KL &
Pixel det.
Small cellFast gasSi-tracker
F-DIRC+TOPAerogel RICH
Pure CsILiquid-Xe etc.
LSTScintillator
Fully pipelined readout Large scale computing
Fully pipelined readout Large scale computing
New Challenge! Intensive R&Ds!
42
Belle Upgrade
SC solenoid1.5T
New readout and computing systems
CsI(Tl) 16X0
pure CsI (endcap) Aerogel Cherenkov counter + TOF counter
“TOP” + RICH
Si vtx. det. 4 lyr. DSSD 2 pixel/striplet lyrs. + 4 lyr. DSSD
Tracking + dE/dx small cell + He/C2H5
remove inner lyrs.
Use fast gas
/ KL detection 14/15 lyr. RPC+Fe
tile scintillator
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Summary
B-factories have been so successful. KM-model of CP violation firmly established. Paradigm shifted to search for NP effects.
We are starting to measure B/D(*) Search for charged Higgs.
Flavor physics still on the center stage in 2010’s.Super-KEKB enables us to study effects of TeV-scale NP in B and decays.
432007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Pushing Luminosity Frontier
L*=X10 / 5 years !
L~1035cm-2s-1 by 2010
L~1036cm-2s-1 by 2015
L~1043cm-2s-1 by 2050 ?
(How old will you be ?)
BOYS BE AMBITIOUS !
Backup Slides
2: B//
46
Beauty2006 FPCP2007
Two solutions in the global CKM fit.Need more data.
10.79.3[92.6 ]
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
AACPCP(K(K) puzzle ?) puzzle ?
ACP(K+0) = +0.047 0.026ACP(K+) = 0.093 0.015deviation: 0.14/0.03 > 4.6
New physics
ACP(K+0) = +0.047 0.026ACP(K+) = 0.093 0.015deviation: 0.14/0.03 > 4.6
New physics
B D* : Bkg. Suppression
482007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
49
fB Extraction
SM branching fraction is given by
Product of B meson decay constant fB and CKM matrix element |Vub|
Using |Vub| = (4.39 0.33)×10-3 from HFAG
1.6 1.1 41.4 1.3(10.1 ) 10B ubf V GeV
fB = 216 22 MeV
[HPQCD, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 212001 (2005) ]
15%14% = 12%(exp.) + 8%(Vub)
36 3031 34229Bf MeV
2007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
B D* : Bkg. Suppression
502007/6/21 Toru ijima, SUSY2010's
Future prospect
Possible sensitivity at 5ab-1
Estimatedupper limitrange of Br
PDG2006BelleBabar
based on eff. and NBG of most sensitive analysis