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Current News Analysis
21-11-2016
A. GS1 Related
B. GS2 Related
1. Centre may ease rules to attract officers to north-east
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/centre-may-ease-rules-
to-attract-officers-to-northeast/article9368383.ece
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Initiatives
Key Points:
Recently, to tackle the problem of IAS and IPS officers’ reluctance to accept a posting in the north-eastern states, the Centre has proposed a new policy.
The Government has decided to modify the existing policy for inter-cadre transfer/deputation for north east cadres.
It is important to note that under the existing policy, if an officer borne on a cadre other than a north-east cadre opts to go on inter-cadre deputation to the north-east, then, the condition of completion of nine years of service in his/her own cadre and of his/her not having been promoted to the super time scale may be relaxed.
But, under the new policy, the nine-year requirement has been further relaxed. The new policy states, “If an officer borne on a cadre other than a north-east cadre opts to go
on inter-cadre deputation to either his home State or any other State in the north-east, he may be allowed such deputation after completion of seven years instead of nine years of his service.”
2. Religion has claimed more lives than politics, says CJI
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Religion-has-claimed-more-lives-than-
politics-says-
CJI/article16662117.ece?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign
=RSS_Syndication
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Judiciary
Key Points:
Recently, Chief Justice of India T.S. Thakur observed that the manner which a person chooses to practise his religion is between him and God and no third person has any business to interfere.
Justice Nariman, also recently observed that only fraternity can bring unity in a multi-religious country, and that Fraternity is a cardinal value of our Constitution.
3. Post G-20, China sees India as partner to boost global economy
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/post-g20-china-sees-
india-as-partner-to-boost-global-economy/article9368374.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests
Key Points:
Recently, a major brainstorming exercise marshalled by the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in China. This was a two-day intensive exercise and included invitees from major national and international think-tanks, as well as political parties across a wide cross-section of the globe.
At this two-day intensive exercise, two separate sessions focussed on Africa and countries along the Mekong River, signalling China’s intent to include the Global South in its blueprint to lift the global economy.
India and China China has been advocating greater participation of the Global South and the emerging
countries in the world economy. It is important to not forget the big picture that by 2050 China will be the first and India will
be the second largest economies in the world, with very complementary type of demographic and supply chain structures.
It is important that India insists on a long-haul relationship with China, that is focussed on joint ventures, allowing India’s “smart engineers” to absorb advanced technology.
One of the biggest things India can learn from China is in the arena of infrastructure. The Chinese are a powerhouse of infrastructure.
It has been advocated that India should build solid economic foundations with China, which, would reinforce strong mutual interest. This would help India manage her differences with China.
Also, as a consequence, Pakistan as a factor in Sino-Indian ties would gradually recede to the background.
C.GS3 Related
1. Financial terrorism targeting youth via drugs, warns Modi
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/financial-terrorism-targeting-youth-via-
drugs-warns-modi/article9368400.ece
Category: Internal Security
Topic: Challenges to Internal Security
Key Points:
The Prime Minister recently reiterated that the current demonetisation exercise would benefit the common man.
He also raised the issue of ‘financial terrorism’ from across the border. The Prime Minister believes that on the one hand the sponsored terrorism from
across the border kills our soldiers, on the other hand the financial terrorism from across the border targets our youngsters through drugs.
Financial terrorism seeks to destroy our economy by printing fake currency. It is important to note that the entire business of drugs sustains in cash. Crores and
crores of fake currency was smuggled in the country. The Prime Minister also maintained that in just ten days now over 5,000 crore
rupees have already been deposited in banks. Banks will invest that money in the market and give people loans with that money.
Importantly, the PM also formally launched the ‘Housing for All’ in rural areas under which the government proposes to provide an environmentally safe and secure pucca house to every rural household by 2022.
2. Centre-state stalemate over GST jurisdiction continues
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Centre-state-stalemate-over-GST-jurisdiction-
continues/article16669744.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Taxation
Key Points:
The stalemate between the Centre and states over administrative control under the proposed goods and services tax (GST) regime continues.
States have been unrelenting on their position of being given right to control all assessees with up to Rs 1.5 crore annual turnover.
This issue has remained a contentious one even during the previous two GST Council
meetings.
It is important to note that any disagreement at the next meeting holds the potential of derailing the rollout of the GST from the targeted April 1, 2017.
3. DRDO still aims for Kaveri in LCA
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/drdo-still-aims-for-kaveri-
in-lca/article9368391.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Indigenization of technology
Key Points:
As was originally planned, the Kaveri, the indigenous aeroengine, may after all fly on the indigenous LCA fighter.
France’s engine maker Snecma, is seen as a candidate to revive Kaveri, remove its shortcomings and get it certified to safely power the fighter.
In other developments, LCA Tejas will undergo the remaining three or four mandated tests up to March and will go in for certification as battle-ready or ‘FOC’ by mid-2017.
D. GS4 Related
E. Important Editorials
The Hindu
1. Getting real on climate
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/Getting-real-on-
climate/article16669881.ece
Category: Environment and Ecology
Topic: Climate Change
Key Points:
It is important to note that the UN conference on climate change held in Marrakech, is significant as it provided an opportunity to communicate concerns about the future climate policy of the U.S.
The UN conference on climate change held in Marrakech laid an emphasis on raising the commitment of all countries to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
The U.S. accounts for a quarter of all cumulative fossil fuel emissions. It would be untenable for the U.S. to renege on its promise to assist vulnerable and
developing nations with climate funding, technology transfer and capacity-building under Donald Trump’s presidency.
Indian Context
India is faced with a difficult situation as it has the twin challenges of a) growing
its economy to meet the development aspirations of a large population, and b)
cutting emissions.
National GHG levels are small per capita in India, but when they are added up
they put India in the third place.
It is important to note that India has no historical responsibility for accumulated
GHGs, but smaller, and more vulnerable countries such as island states and
Bangladesh are demanding action to cut emissions.
Thus, a strategy that involves all State governments will strengthen the case for
international funding, and spur domestic action.
2. Rising dollar, falling rupee
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/Rising-dollar-falling-
rupee/article16669882.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: International Trade
Key Points:
In the wake of Donald Trump’s surprise win in the U.S. presidential elections, the dollar has soared against most currencies, including the rupee.
This rise is based on the expectation that his economic policies will spur growth
and inflation in the world’s largest economy. The rupee, slumped 2.3 per cent from its 66.62 a dollar close on November 8.
It is important to note that the flight of capital from emerging market assets has
inflicted significant pressure that has been exacerbated by the Centre’s recent
decision to withdraw higher denomination currencies.
How does the macro picture look like in India?
With demonetisation infusing a surge of liquidity into the banking system,
domestic interest rates are expected to decline.
This would make the rupee less attractive to investors seeking to benefit from an
interest rate arbitrage.
Plus, with consumption and broader economic activity predicted to take a hit on
account of the shortage of cash in the wake of the currency move, GDP growth
may slow sharply.
3. Hitting the refresh button
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Hitting-the-refresh-
button/article16661689.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy, Fiscal Policy
Key Points:
The strength of India’s policy and institutional frameworks have been one of the most distinguishing features of India’s emergence as a preferred investment
destination in recent years.
Decisions such as:
a) e-auctioning of natural resources,
b) A rule-based framework for Indian monetary policy, insolvency and bankruptcy code,
c) The goods and services tax, etc. have aimed at enhancing the credibility of policy and institutional
frameworks
Further, gradual changes in the conduct of fiscal policy, have also been a crucial contributor towards
improving India’s growth and investment potential.
Background of FRBM:
The FRBM Act was first introduced in India in December 2000.
This was done to rein in rising government deficits both at the Centre and in the States.
Enacted in 2003, the FRBM Act institutionalised fiscal discipline.
Recent Events and Initiatives
It is important to note that this year, in the 2016 Budget speech, the Finance Minister
instituted a committee to review the contours of the FRBM Act in the light of current
domestic and global dynamics.
This was done in a bid to reinforce the commitment to fiscal consolidation.
The Way Forward
A rule-based system with room for independent advisory and oversight can transform India’s fiscal architecture.
This is particularly important as we are at a juncture where most developed economies are
struggling with their government’s balance sheet to support the economy.
BusinessLine
1. Battling black money
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/demonetisation-and-
what-centre-must-do/article9367571.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Initiatives
Key Points:
Impact of recent demonetization on certain sections:
The informal sector in rural and urban India, accounting for 45 per cent of the GDP and 80 per cent of total employment, has been badly hurt by the withdrawal of 86 per cent of the value of currency in circulation.
Rabi sowing and kharif marketing and harvesting operations have been hit. Economists and market analysts expect GDP growth to contract by 50 basis points or more
this fiscal — owing to a collapse in the circulation of currency in a cash-dominated economy.
Issue of Black Money
For Black Money to recede into significance, it would require a multi-pronged approach that attacks not just the stock of black money, but also its flow.
Black money is an integral aspect of activities concerning elections, realty, mining and bullion and even capital markets.
It is important to note that the Centre has announced a drive against benami holdings. Looking forward, it is crucial that the Centre implements electoral reforms. It is important to address the loopholes in the Representation of the Peoples Act, which
include not questioning donations under ₹20,000 and allowing exemptions to a candidate’s expenditure limits, among other things.
F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:
1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn
Fiscal Consolidation
FRBM Act
GST Council
2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS
BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS
IN NEWS
Links to Refer
The Constitution (122nd Amendment) (GST) Bill, 2014
http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-
constitution-122nd-amendment-gst-bill-2014-
3505/
3. Tags
Fiscal Consolidation
FRBM Act
GST Council
Practice Questions
Date: 21
st November, 2016
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Initiatives Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
1] The Economic Survey is compiled by: a) Office of Economic Advisor b) Central Statistical office ( CSO ) c) National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) d) Department of Economic Affairs
Ans d)
Date: 21st November, 2016
Category: Geography
Topic: Various Parts of the World Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
2] The Three Gorges Dam is located in which of the following countries?
a) China b) Malaysia c) Vietnam d) Cambodia
Ans a)
Date: 21
st November, 2016
Category: Geography
Topic: Various Parts of the World Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
3] Consider the following statements,
1] The Mekong river flows through China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
2] The Mekong river empties into the South China Sea at the Mekong Delta in Vietnam.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Date: 21st November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Money and Banking
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Conceptual
4] The term ‘narrow banking’ is best described as: a) Banks acting only as payment banks b) Banking by non-banking financial companies c) Limited areas of operation by banks d) Banks lending only to risk free sectors
Ans d)
Date: 21st November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Fiscal Policy
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Conceptual
5] An economy pursuing an expansionary fiscal policy can witness: 1. Increase in fiscal deficit 2. Increase in wages of labour 3. Increase in rate of income tax
Select the correct answer using the codes given below. a) 1 only b) 1 and 2 only c) 1 and 3 only d) 1,2 and 3
Ans a)
Current News Analysis
22-11-2016
A. GS1 Related
B. GS2 Related
1. Pak. risks isolation in South Asia: Jaishankar
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/Pak.-risks-isolation-in-
South-Asia-Jaishankar/article16673403.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: India and the Neighbourhood
Key Points:
Foreign Secretary S.Jaishankar declared that South Asian nations will begin to look at other “alternatives” if Pakistan continues to “block” SAARC initiatives.
Mr. Jaishankar went on to add that Pakistan risks relations with other SAARC countries if it doesn’t follow “basic standards of regional cooperation.”
As an alternative, he said that SAARC countries could opt for “sub-regional initiatives and will look at other initiatives like BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation)”.
Significance of the Comments
They come after Pakistan’s Foreign Affairs Advisor Sartaj Aziz announced in Islamabad that he will visit India to attend the ‘Heart of Asia’ regional conference.
The conference is due to be held in Amritsar on December 3 and 4.
2. India treating soldiers from Mosul
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/India-treating-soldiers-from-
Mosul/article16674448.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Humanitarian Assistance
Key Points:
The Iraqi ambassador to India mentioned that Iraq’s Defence Ministry has been sending injured soldiers and volunteers of National Mobilisation from the battlefield to India for treatment.
The Iraqi ambassador also disclosed that Iraq has flown Indian doctors to Baghdad and Karbala to handle patients who needed emergency treatment.
The ambassador said that ties with India have been ramped up after the Iraqi forces launched the offensive against the IS.
3. India and China reiterate call for border peace
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/India-and-China-reiterate-call-for-
border-peace/article16671613.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: India and the Neighbourhood
Key Points:
Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Dalbir Singh recently visited China and met its
top military officials. The two sides reiterated their desire to keep up the momentum of defence exchanges
and the need to keep the borders tranquil and peaceful. Both sides welcomed the on-going 6th India-China Joint Training Exercise 'Hand-in-
Hand' 2016, in India. They also agreed to further expand defence exchanges between the two Armies.
C.GS3 Related
1. Borrowers get additional 60 days to repay loans
http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/Borrowers-get-additional-60-days-to-repay-
loans/article16670875.ece?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=RSS_Sy
ndication
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy
Key Points:
In the wake of the demonetization initiative of the Government and the consequent cash crunch being faced by borrowers, the Reserve Bank has provided an additional 60 days for the repayment of housing, car, farm and other loans worth up to Rs. 1 crore.
This relaxation is available to entities running working capital accounts with any bank with the sanctioned limit of Rs. 1 crore or less.
D. GS4 Related
E. Important Editorials
The Hindu
1. Lessons from a disaster
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/Lessons-from-a-
disaster/article16672016.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: Infrastructure: Railways, Govt. Policy
Key Points:
The Indian railway network is posed with extraordinary management challenges as it caters to about seven billion passenger trips a year.
The recent derailment of the Indore-Patna Express in Kanpur Dehat, is a stark reminder that India’s strained railway system can be unpredictably risky.
The Railways Ministry needs to engage in a sustained effort to win back public confidence.
The Way Forward Firstly, it is important to note that there are several elements to safety- of which the
integrity of the tracks, signalling, engines and coaches need to be rigorously audited. Internal investigations have found human error to be responsible for 70 per cent of
serious rail accidents. This statistic underscores the importance of training and adherence to strict
operational discipline. From a policy level, specialist committees headed by Anil Kakodkar on safety and
Bibek Debroy on restructuring have recommended major reforms. These reforms include, the creation of a statutory safety authority, speedy
replacement of ageing coaches with modern LHB design, and revamped management that keeps its focus on core train operations.
It is important to note that after an accident, it is the quality of medical facilities that determines a victim’s chances of survival.
Many terrible mishaps occur in rural areas that have no hospital facilities, no trauma specialists or intensive care.
Thus, upgrading district hospitals should be a priority.
2. Through the prism of air power
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/columns/Through-the-prism-of-air-
power/article16672038.ece
Category: Internal Security
Topic: Defence, Govt. Policy
Key Points:
There have been momentous changes in the nature of warfare over the last couple
of decades such as— a) hybrid warfare, b) sub-conventional warfare and c) proxy
war.
Armed forces across the world have struggled to keep pace with these changes.
India has “live and active borders and seas” on multiple fronts. It is important to note that all three arms of its armed forces have adapted to
these changes in different ways by building diverse capabilities at the lower end
of the spectrum of conflict while retaining adequate conventional capability.
Role of the IAF
There are 4 common myths about air power that have unfortunately crept into the
public discourse. These are:
a) that air power is only associated with offensive air action
b) that it is always escalatory
c) that it is most effective only in conventional warfare
d) that it seeks to influence the environment on its own and operate in isolation
These myths are untrue. Reasons are as under:
1. Calibrated use of offensive air power in recent decades, has often had a de-escalatory
impact. A case in point is the Kargil war of 1999 where air power acted as a critical
de-escalatory and conflict termination tool.
2. From an Indian perspective, it is important to note that the IAF has transformed
itself in recent years as a vital cog in joint operations.
3. The IAF has the capability to influence, enable, and support multispectral operations
on land, in the air, at sea and increasingly, even in space.
4. It is this flexibility that has made the IAF among the few air forces that has the ability
to act as a critical tool and enabler of statecraft.
3. Quick fixes for deep-rooted issues
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Quick-fixes-for-deep-rooted-
issues/article16672062.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy
Key Points:
It is important to note that Black Money in India is most likely to lie in assets
such as real estate and gold.
The idea of cashless economies has been around for many years now. For
example, Sweden, is the leader in cashless transactions. Sweden started its
cashless journey in the 1960s.
According to a 2015 report of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS),
banknotes and coins account for only 2.12 per cent of the GDP in Sweden.
Across other countries, the figures are as below:
a) In the U.K. it is 3.64 per cent,
b) 3.8 per cent in Canada, and
c) 4.01 per cent in Brazil.
Yet, in spite of a growing trend among countries to go “cashless”, cash is
still favoured as a means of payment for a significant proportion of the
global population.
b) The BIS study reports that banknotes and coins as a share of the GDP
are 20.04 per cent in Japan, 15.67 per cent in Hong Kong, etc.
c) In India, the share is 11.55 per cent.
Reasons why cash remains the dominant form of payment
a) Cash is empowering for millions of unbanked families.
b) It is an intuitive method of exchange and acts as a store of value.
c) It doesn’t come with the transaction fees of electronic payment methods.
d) Cash provides a degree of privacy that more modern forms of
payments are unable to guarantee.
The Way Forward
A long-term strategic approach with safeguards for millions of poor and vulnerable people
and flexibility for course correction is needed.
4. The buck stops with the States
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/The-buck-stops-with-the-
States/article16672068.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy, Land Acquisition
Key Points:
It is important to note that there have been arguments offered in the recent past that
have claimed a dilution of the land acquisition law through misuse of constitutional
provisions.
What does the Constitution say?
The Constitution allows for a State law to override the Central law in case of the
Concurrent List, if the State law gets presidential assent.
Issues to be considered
One can make the argument that due to the differences in growth and development in
various States in India such as, say, Bihar and Tamil Nadu, it seems natural that both states
would need to have a different law with respect to land acquisition.
It is important to note that in the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (LARR)
Act, 2013, the Social Impact Assessment (SIA) requirement and the Consent Clause in the
Act have been diluted by various State laws.
The politics of presidential assent have also played a role. It is important to note that
Presidential assent is not to be a formality as far as State laws under Article 254(2) are
concerned.
Based on a Supreme Court ruling, it is important to note that the President would need to
engage in “active application of mind” before giving assent.
BusinessLine
1. Make railways safer
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/editorial/kanpur-rail-tragedy-
exposes-railways-saftey-gaps/article9370924.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Initiatives
Key Points:
The unfortunate incident regarding the derailment of the Indore-Patna Express near Kanpur
costed over a hundred lives.
According to the National Crime Records Bureau, there have been about 30,000 railway
accidents a year in recent times and over 25,000 lives have been lost in such accidents.
The reality is that many of these accidents could have been averted had the Railways paid
enough attention to upgrading its infrastructure.
This infrastructure includes tracks and signalling and inducting technologies that help
prevent accidents.
It is unfortunate that for many years now, successive Railway ministers have succumbed to
populism and have given priority to announcing new projects and new trains, thus spreading
resources thin.
The resultant being that projects announced remained uncompleted.
The Way Forward
The Railways is in the process of setting up a non-lapsable fund named Rashtriya Rail
Sanraksha Kosh with a corpus of ₹1,19,183 crore earmarked for safety improvement.
A bulk of that money is proposed to be invested in track renewals and safety works at level
crossings. This needs to be prioritised,
It is also important to find the ideal solution for its safety challenges.
F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:
1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn
Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh
Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (LARR) Act, 2013
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
'Hand-in-Hand' 2016
2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS
BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS
IN NEWS
Links to Refer
The Constitution (122nd Amendment) (GST) Bill, 2014
http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-
constitution-122nd-amendment-gst-bill-2014-
3505/
3. Tags
Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh
Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (LARR) Act, 2013
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
'Hand-in-Hand' 2016
Practice Questions
Date: 22
nd November, 2016
Category: International Relations
Topic: Bilateral Initiatives, Security Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
1] The Joint Training Exercise 'Hand-in-Hand' 2016, recently in the news was between which two countries? a) India-Bangladesh b) India- Sri Lanka c) India- Bhutan d) India- China
Ans d) Date: 22
nd November, 2016
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Centre-State Relations Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
2] Consider the following statements,
1] The Constitution allows for a State law to override the Central law in case of the Concurrent List, if
the State law gets presidential assent.
2] Presidential assent is not to be a formality as far as State laws under Article 254(2) are concerned.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Date: 22nd
November, 2016
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Initiatives Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
3] Consider the following statements,
1] The Railways is in the process of setting up a non-lapsable fund named Rashtriya Rail
Sanraksha Kosh with a corpus of ₹1,19,183 crore earmarked for safety improvement.
2] A bulk of that money is proposed to be invested in track renewals and safety works at level
crossings.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Date: 22nd
November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Micro Concepts
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Conceptual
4] Which of the following is used for the measurement of distribution of income?
a. Laffer Curve
b. Engel’s Law
c. Gini-Lorenz Curve
d. Philip Curve
Ans) c)
Date: 22nd
November, 2016
Category: Geography
Topic: Various Parts of the World
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
5] Consider the following statements,
1] The members of BIMSTEC include, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
Bhutan and Nepal.
2] The member’s of SAARC include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, the
Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Comprehensive News Analysis
23-11-2016
GS – 2 Related
IS used che ical a s 52 ti es i Sy ia, I a
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/%E2%80%98IS-used-chemical-arms-52-
times-in-Syria-Iraq%E2%80%99/article16684653.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: Terrorism
A new report by the IHS Conflict Monitor, a London-based intelligence collection and
analysis service has claimed that chemical weapons like chlorine and Sulphur have been
used at least 52 times by the IS in Syria and Iraq since 2014.
According to the analysis, Mosul, the stronghold of IS in northern Iraq has witnessed more
than 33% of these attacks.
The U.S. and Iraqi military officials have expressed growing alarm over the prospect of
additional chemical attacks as the allies press to regain both Mosul and Raqqa, the IS capital
in Syria.
GS – 3 Related
Rs. 35,000 cr. to ease rural cash crunch
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Rs.-35000-cr.-to-ease-rural-cash-
crunch/article16672297.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: Demonetisation
Commercial Banks have been asked by the Finance Minister Arun Jaitley to focus their
atte tio o rural I dia s ash ru h o er the e t 0 da s, ith a ar hest of ‘s. ,000 crore for providing credit to farmers by December.
Farmers have been allowed to use Rs. 500 notes for buying seeds for the rabi crops.
To see to it that the far ers do t fa e a ash shortage, a ks ha e ee asked to pro ide Rs 5,000 crore to the currency chests of district central co-operative banks (DCCBs)
Asset classification norms for loans of less than Rs 1 have also been eased taking into
account the problems being faced by small businesses, home loan borrowers and farmers.
Old coaches turn death traps
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Old-coaches-turn-death-
traps/article16684193.ece?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSS&utm_campaign=RSS_Syndi
cation
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Railway Safety
Anti-telescoping features are absent in about 85% railway coaches in India. These coaches
have the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) rakes. In terms of numbers, these constitute 53,000 of
the 63,000 operational coaches in the country.
Back in 2012, Anil Kakodkar Panel on railway safety had suggested switching to Linke
Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches which are equipped with anti-telescoping features and
advanced coupling systems, pointing to the fact that ICF coaches are not safe at high speeds
of the range 100-120 kmph.
Presently, only around 8,000 Linke Hofmann Busch (LHB) coaches are operational.
As per a railway official, Railways will stop the production of ICF coaches from 2018.
He added that Railways has also decided that the frequency of ultrasonic fault detection test
would be increased from monthly to bi-weekly exercise.
India joins CERN as an associate member
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/India-joins-CERN-as-an-associate-
member/article16685867.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: CERN
India has been accepted as an associate member of the European Organisation for Nuclear
Research (CERN). With this now, Indians would be allowed to apply for positions there, and
at the same time, Indian companies can bid for engineering contracts at the organization.
Sekhar Basu, chairman of Atomic Energy Commission and Secretary, Department of Atomic
Energy (DAE), and CERN Director General Fabiola Gianotti signed the agreement in Mumbai
on 21st
November.
The associate membership would cost India CHF (Swiss Franc) 11.5 million (approximately
‘s. rore) a uall though it still ould t ha e oti g rights o de isio s of the Cou il. In 2004, India had become O ser er at CE‘N.
Presently CERN has 22 members and 4 associate members.
Centre plans crop insurance scheme for small tea growers
http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/Centre-plans-crop-insurance-scheme-for-small-tea-
growers/article16681871.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: Agriculture
A crop insurance scheme has been planned by the Centre for small tea growers. This scheme
The scheme aims to protect growers from anticipated losses in revenue caused by drop in
international/domestic prices, yield loss due to adverse weather or pest attacks or any other
reason beyond human control.
Initially, a pilot will be run in three regions in Assam, West Bengal and Tamil Nadu for one
crop-cycle spread over two years commencing 2016-17.
To speed passage, Government plans GST Bills as money Bills
http://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/to-speed-passage-government-plans-gst-
bills-as-money-bills-winter-session-parliament-arun-jaitley-financial-bill-4390688/
Category: Economy
Topic: GST
The Lok Sabha has listed the Central GST Bill; the Integrated GST; and GST (Compensation for
Loss of Revenue) for introduction, consideration and passing in the winter session of
Parliament.
Purpose:
Central GST Bill – tax on intra-state supply of goods or services
Integrated GST – tax on inter-state supply of goods or services
GST (Compensation for Loss of Revenue) – facilitate payment of compensation to states for
loss of revenue arising on account of the implementation of GST for a period of five years.
Why as Money Bill?
There are few issues which could hold up the bill in Rajya Sabha like the difference over the
calculation of the revenue base of the Centre and states and compensation requirements,
the list of exemptions, capping of the rate in the Central GST Bill and threshold limits for the
levy of GST. Introducing them as Money Bill will required the bills to be passed only in the
Lok Sabha where the government has a clear majority.
Editorials
No complacency on Zika
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/No-complacency-on-Zika/article16681079.ece
Source: The Hindu
Category: Science and Tech
Topic: Health
Zika virus will not be considered a public health emergency of international concern, the
WHO has declared. Earlier the virus declared so on February 1, 2016 owing to the high
number of neurological disorders reported in Brazil and a similar cluster in French Polynesia
in 2014.
The reasons given by the WHO were the unknown link between the virus and microcephaly
and neurological complications, lack of vaccines and diagnostic tools, the possibility of its
global spread, and the lack of immunity to the virus in newly affected countries.
To address the long-term challenges posed by babies born with microcephaly the WHO
Emergency Committee has called for sustained research and dedicated resources to address
the issues.
Generics vs big pharma, reloaded
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Generics-vs-big-pharma-reloaded/article16681172.ece
Category: Health
Topic: Pharmaceutical Issues
The Indian Pharmaceutical Alliance (IPA) has objected to the changes in the data exclusivity
norms. It pointed to the recent proposal to change the four-year time limit for State-level
drug regulatory approvals to 10 years, arguing that this effectively results in a long and
damaging data exclusivity.
Data exclusivity is a kind of intellectual property protection wherein clinical trial and other
data submitted by an originator drug company cannot be used or relied upon by a drug
regulatory authority to approve a generic version of that drug for a certain period of time.
It is believed that without such protection, the originator company does not have enough
incentive to conduct expensive trials and take a potential drug to the market. Blocking
generic entry may help drug companies invest in clinical trials.
As per the current provisions, a e drug o ti ues to re ai e e e after it has ee approved once by the Central regulator (Drugs Controller General of India, or DGCI) upon
submission of local clinical trial data establishing safety and efficacy in India.
But, after four years in the market, the drug manufacturer can go directly to a State
regulatory authority and procure drug approval. This period of 4 years may be increased to
10 years.
This, IPA argues constitutes an enhancement of data exclusivity norms in favour of large
pharma companies, particularly MNCs.
Concepts in news
Zika Virus
ICF and LHB
GST Bill
Money Bill
Demonetisation
IS
CERN
Practice Questions
Date: 23rd November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: GST
Source: The Indian Express
Difficulty level: Moderate
Type: Factual
Q1) Which of the following are correctly matched:
i) Central GST Bill – tax on intra-state supply of goods or services
ii) Integrated GST – tax on inter-state supply of goods or services
iii) GST (Compensation for Loss of Revenue) – facilitate payment of compensation to states for loss
of revenue arising on account of the implementation of GST.
a) I only
b) iii only
c) ii and iii only
d) all of the above
Date: 23rd November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Money and Banking
Source: The Indian Express
Difficulty level: Moderate
Type: Factual
Q2) Which of the following are correctly matched:
i) MICR – platform for transferring and receiving funds using an app with a virtual reality
ii) IMPS – interbank electronic fund transfer service through mobile phones
iii) UPI – allows a machine to swiftly read and process cheques
a) I only
b) ii only
c) I and iii only
d) none of the above
Date: 23rd November, 2016
Category: Science and Tech
Topic: CERN
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Easy
Type: Factual
Q3) Which of the following statements are true?
i) CERN is the orld s largest u lear a d parti le ph si s la orator
ii) Pakistan is an associate member of CERN
a) I only
b) ii only
c) both i) and ii)
d) none of the above
Date: 23rd November, 2016
Category: Art and Culture
Topic: Indian Music
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Difficult
Type: Factual
Q4) Which of the following awards did M. Balamuralikrishna, the great Indian Carnatic vocalist and
musician receive?
i) National Film Awards
ii) Padma Vibhushan
iii) Padma Shree
a) I and ii
b) ii and iii
c) ii only
d) I, ii and iii
Q5) Recently, a crop insurance scheme has been planned by the Centre for small tea growers to
protect growers from anticipated losses in revenue caused by drop in international/domestic prices,
yield loss due to adverse weather or pest attacks or any other reason beyond human control. This
would be run as a pilot in which of the following states?
i) Assam
ii) Tamil Nadu
iii) Kerala
iv) West Bengal
a) all of the above
b) I and ii only
c) I, ii and iii
d) I, ii and iv
Current News Analysis
24-11-2016
GS – 3 RELATED
Currency reform: a risky natural experiment
http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/ezcKeEx6iEVmqOWhEZdgdP/Currency-reform-a-risky-natural-
experiment.html
Category: Economy
Topic: Demonetisation
Here are a few broad issues that deserve immediate attention.
Monetary base disrupted – 80% of the reserve money was the currency in circulation as on
11th
November. Approx. 86% of this currency in circulation was in notes of Rs500 and
Rs1,000.
Impact on broad money – Broad money includes both cash and bank deposits. Only 7.3% of
the broad money was the currency with the public. Thus, the impact on broad money is far
less severe than the impact on base money. There has been a modification in the
composition of broad money since the big announcement - from cash to bank deposits.
Broad Money Stock – This is around 5.6 times the stock of base money. Three factors
considered in monetary economics are - the monetary base, the cash reserve ratio and the
ratio of cash to bank deposits (C/D) in an economy. The C/D ratio is now expected to drop
which would will push up the money multiplier.
Cash shortage – This will have an adverse effect on the informal sector that does most of its
transactions in cash.
The decision will have negative immediate impact on the economy. However, the increase in the
number of bank deposits will bloat the contribution of financial services to the increase in the GDP in
the 3rd
quarter.
In the long run, the results would depend on the behaviour of the citizens as a result of the current
decision – whether they reduce the use of cash in the future, whether the tax base will expand as
more transactions are done through the formal financial system and if other policy measures restrict
the creation of fresh black money.
Close out the war on corruption
http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/Close-out-the-war-on-corruption/article16689325.ec
Category: Economy
Topic: Demonetisation
Government should target the people higher in the ranks or hierarchy first, rather than going
after the small level corruption that is part and parcel of the cutting edge of the
administration.
The work of bringing out in the open of the corrupt bureaucrats at the highest levels should
be done by a committee of officers known for their integrity. This should be followed by
vetting by another group, before being agreed to by the Prime Minister and one or two of
his senior Cabinet colleagues.
The exercise should begin with key organisations such as Income Tax, Customs and Central
Excise, Enforcement Directorate (ED) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). In the
wrong hands, these become instruments of harassment and torture.
With the arrival of the Modi government, the condition at the Centre has definitely
improved but the menace at the state remains appalling. A strong political will the required
to trigger the change there.
There is enough expertise in the country for seeing through this laudable scheme.
SEBI eases rules for angel funds
http://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/SEBI-eases-rules-for-angel-
funds/article16689368.ece
The norms for angel funds to invest in early-stage entities have been relaxed by the SEBI as
part of its attempts to facilitate fund-raising for start-ups.
Key Decisions:
The upper limit for the number of angel investors in a scheme has been increased from 49 to
200.
Angel Funds will also be allowed to invest in start-ups incorporated within five years instead
of the earlier norm of three years.
From Rs.50 lakhs, the minimum investment amount in any venture capital undertaking has
been reduced to Rs.25 lakhs.
They have been allowed to invest in overseas venture capital undertakings up to 25% of
their investible corpus in line with other Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs).
Based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), FPIs have been
permitted to invest in unlisted non-convertible debentures and securitised debt instruments
of a public or private company.
All such agreements entered into during the last three years will have to be disclosed to the
stock exchanges and companies will have to seek an approval from the public shareholders
of the company.
Currency withdrawal: Debit card charges dropped, easy cash access for farmers
http://indianexpress.com/article/business/banking-and-finance/currency-withdrawal-debit-card-
charges-dropped-easy-cash-access-for-farmers-4392193/
Category: Economy
Topic: Banking
NABARD has been allowed by the government to disburse Rs 21,000 crore to farmers, to
help them sow winter crops ahead of the Rabi season. This would have a positive impact on
more than 40% of the small and marginal farmers who avail institutional credit/crop loans.
The farmers have been allowed to buy seeds with old Rs 500 notes from designated
agencies. At the same time the government has allowed them to withdraw Rs 25,000 against
sanctioned crop loans.
The government has advised NABARD, RBI and banks to provide the required credit in cash
to the farmers. It has also asked the banks to ensure the district cooperative banks and
regional rural banks get sufficient cash.
all public sector banks and some private banks have agreed to waive the transaction cost for
payments through debit cards to encourage widespread usage of digital payments.
Usage of RuPay has seen approx. 300% growth in last 12 days.
Railways has already waived service charges on online booking of tickets and telecom
operators have agreed to make mobile banking services free of cost till December 31.
The monthly transaction limit through e-wallets has been increased to Rs 20,000.
The automobile manufacturers have been asked by the road transport ministry to install
digital RFID tag on all new vehicles to enable cashless payment at toll plazas.
Concepts in News
Broad Money
CRR
Demonetisation
SEBI
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Date: 24th November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Banking
Source: livemint.com
Difficulty level: Easy
Type: Conceptual
Q1) The ratio of the cash reserves that the banks are required to keep with RBI is known as:
a) Liquidity ratio
b) Statutory liquidity ratio
c) Cash Reserve Ratio
d) Net demand and time liabilities
Date: 24th November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: Banking
Source: livemint
Difficulty level: Moderate
Type: conceptual
Which of the following are the components of money?
i) Currency Notes and Coins
ii) Demand Deposits such as Saving Banks Deposits
iii) Cash in Hand (Except SLR)
a) I only
b) I and ii
c) all of the above
d) iii only
Date: 24th November, 2016
Category: Economy
Topic: International Trade
Source: The Indian Rxpress
Difficulty level: Difficult
Type: Difficult
Which of the following agreements defines the scope, functions and structure of the World Trade
Organization (WTO)?
a) Marrakesh Agreement
b) General Agreement on Trade in Services
c) Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
d) None of these
Current News Analysis
25-11-2016
GS-3 RELATED
E-wallet firms’ ustomer ase surges
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-business/E-wallet-firms%E2%80%99-customer-base-
surges/article16697168.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: Market/ Business
The move of the Government to demonetize old high-value currency notes has further pushed a
positive trend in local markets i.e.., cashless transactions.
Most of the E-wallet firms are noticing a drastic growth in business after demonetization. An
increase in number of customers up to 150% has been noticed in some cases, out of
approximately 30 firms.
Because of convenience associated with its use, Paytm has seen a 300% increase in daily
transactions.
About 100 million people, mostly from urban areas, use E-wallets in India. It happens to be a
potential market growing at a fast pace, which is encouraging these firms to take to diverse
forms of marketing.
It is a matter of debate whether this tilt towards the use of E-wallets would be a long-lived one,
but it certainly is a step directed towards cashless economy.
Government ends exchange of old notes
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Govt.-ends-exchange-of-old-notes/article16695146.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: Demonetization
Even though the All I dia G a ee a k o ke s’ o ga izatio a d All I dia G a ee a k offi e s’ o ga izatio had e uested the go e e t to exte d the deadli es so as to e efit the rural population, the Finance Ministry issued a notification ending the exchange of 1000
Rupee notes with new ones.
Now people can effectively exchange Rs.1000 notes through their bank accounts only; which the
government said would encourage still unbanked people to open new bank accounts. The
Ministry cited declining trends in over-the-counter exchange as the reason for this step.
Last date for exemptions to pay fees at government schools and colleges and prepaid mobile
top-ups, in old currency notes, has been fixed as 15th
of December.
RBI, by issuing an advisory, has asked the banks to ensure adequate currency supply to
government officials, pensioners as well as armed forces personnel demands and to encourage
unbanked people to open new bank accounts.
Foreigners can exchange foreign currency up to Rs.5000 a week and transactions, in old
currency bills, in consumer co-operative stores have been capped to Rs.5000 at a time.
As Finance Minister Arun Jaitley has claimed, this notification has been issued taking in account
every aspect related to it and suggestions from various sections of the civil society.
The Marrakech mandate
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/The-Marrakech-mandate/article16697213.ece
Category: Economy
Topic: International agreements
COP22 was held in Marrakech, Morocco from 7th
to 18th
of November where implementation of
Paris agreement was discussed along with various other subjects like oceans, transport, business
etc and a global action agenda has been initiated on them. Green Climate Fund that has
remained a major bone of contention between OECDs and developing countries was also
discussed.
The unfinished business of accounting of the NDCs, adaptation communication, building a
transparency framework etc. would be completed by 2018.
Climate Vulnerable Forum comprising of 48 least developed countries pledged to do away with
energy generation from non-renewable energy by 2050 fully.
A group of 165 Sub-national jurisdictions called Under2s, including California, Telangana etc,
announced that they would reduce their emissions by 80-95 per cent below 1990 levels and
limit their per capita emissions to 2 tons of carbon dioxide by 2050. Remarkably, around 200
companies also committed to reduce emissions.
A five year plan for Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage, concerned
with issues such as extreme events, non-economic losses, displacement, migration, slow-moving
climatic changes and risk management in climate vulnerable countries, was also approved.
USA, as it appea s e ause of Do ald T u p’s o it e ts, ould pull-out of the Paris
agreement.
The only matter of interest here is that how far the member countries would push themselves
to stick to their commitments to climate change mitigation commitments. Everyone is hoping to
see new regulations and policies coming up all around the globe to this effect.
GS-2 RELATED
A change called NeHA
http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/neha-national-e-health-authority-4393612/
Category: Social sector
Topic: Health
The proposed National Health Authority (NeHA) will be the nodal authority that will be
responsible for development of an Integrated Health Information System (including
Telemedicine and mHealth) in India.
It will also be responsible for enforcing the laws & regulations relating to the privacy and
security of the patients health information & records.
NeHA will guide the adoption of e-Health solutions at various levels and areas in the country,
facilitate integration of multiple health IT systems through health information exchanges and
oversee orderly evolution of state-wide and nationwide Electronic Health Record
Store/Exchange System that ensures that security, confidentiality and privacy of patient data is
maintained and continuity of care is ensured.
Privacy of personal information of the patients is what specialists are concerned about. But if
this issue is taken care of, NeHA would go a long way in ensuring easy dispensation of
healthcare facilities to the citizens.
QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE
1. E-wallets firms in India are regulated by
i) RBI
ii) Finance Ministry
iii) TRAI
iv) Ministry of Communications
2. i) Climate Vulnerable Forum was founded in 2009 by the Maldives.
ii) Water and land-use were also on the agenda of COP22.
iii) The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the
Paris Agreement (CMA1) was held during COP21.
Which of the following statements are incorrect?
a) i) and ii) only
b) ii) only
c) iii) only
d) i) and iii) only
3. i) The National Knowledge Commission (NKC) had recommended in 2008 formation of National
Health Information Authority (NHIA) to support implementation on e-Health.
ii) Health is a state subject under Schedule 7.
Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
a) i) only
b) ii) only
c) Both i) and ii)
d) None
Current News Analysis
26-11-2016
GS2 RELATED
1. End lip service to constitution, live by it
http://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/editorials/2016/nov/26/end-lip-
service-to-constitutionlive-by-it-1542819.html
26th
No e e as de la ed as the Co stitutio day last yea th ough a official gazette notification as it was the day when the Indian constitution
was adopted by the constituent assembly in 1949.
HRD Ministry, Department of Sports, Department of Youth affairs etc had
o ga ized a ious a ti ities like uiz, u fo e uality o this day i 5. Dr. B.R Ambedkar, the father of the Indian constitution, was the chairman
of drafting committee of the constituent assembly which drafted the
masterpiece with inputs from the Indian society and other constitutions as
well.
For Indian constitution, flexibility and rigidity go hand-in-hand, with 101
amendments yet retaining its basic structure.
For realizing the ideals of our forefathers, which the preamble contains,
and to transform India in to Ramrajya, violation of the constitution has to
be stopped. The political class should take the initiative as they are the
ones who disobey constitution the most.
2. HIV community rejects AIDS bill in current form
2.4 million HIV positive community of India has rejected the AIDS bill
passed recently by the lower house of the Parliament for diluting the
provisions guaranteeing them their right to treatment under clause 14 (1)
of the ill, hi h o i ludes the ph ase as fa as possi le elati g to prevention of spread of the virus.
The rules for injection safety requirements have not been stated under
Clause 22 of the bill, which earlier clarified the need to strengthen injection
safety program.
The bill overall emphasizes more on prevention than treatment of the viral
disease.
3. Landmark ruling deals blow to U.K deportation programme
The Court of Appeal in London has asked the government to review the
cases relating to deportation of thousands of students from U.K.
An American institute Education testing services, responsible for running
English language tests, was evidently found to be indulged in fraud; which
in turn escalated the deportations by the British government.
Close to 4000 people were also accused of involvement in fraud and were
prosecuted even without evidences.
Over 70% of them were of Indian nationality as suggested by the Indian
workers association.
4. ‘ajapaksa s isit pa t of the I dia-Chi a G eat Ga e i S i La ka?
Mahinda Rajapaksa, the former President of Sri Lanka, is on a visit to China
supposedly to push the relations with China further. He was on good terms
with Chinese government while in office, mainly because of the financial
support from China to build ports and airports etc.
It is a strong message from Beijing to the current Sri lankan government,
which had criticized it for expensive loans and the Indian government.
SriLanka holds an important place for both India and China considering the
geopolitics in the Indian Ocean.
5. The gathering crisis in Seoul
Because of alleged involvement in extortion and exercising illegal authority,
Choi Soon, aide of the South Korean President Park, has displeased
thousands of citizens who are protesting for the impeachment of the
President.
If the President is impeached tensions with nuclear armed North Korea,
relations with the United States, slowing down economy etc would be the
immediate concerns to be looked upon by the new President.
6. Appointing a Lokpal
Supreme court has asked the Union government to appoint a Lokpal
pertaining to the provisions of 2013 Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act.
The cause for delay is the selection panel which consists of 5members, one
of them being the leader of opposition in the house.
The issue is that there is no recognized opposition leader in the Lok Sabha.
The speaker of the Lok sabha is supposed to recognize the LoP according to
the ruling by G.V Mavalankar which says that the leader of the party with at
least 10% members in the lower house can be recognized as LoP.
But the 1977 law concerning the salary of office holders defines LoP as the
leader of the party in opposition with greatest numerical strength and as
recognized by the speaker.
An amendment to this effect has been the reason for the delay.
GS3 RELATED
1. Centre forms committee to push cashless transactions
A panel tasked with pushing cashless transactions has been announced by
the centre which is to be headed by Amitabh Kant, NITI Aayog CEO.
The committee is supposed to identify and operationalise user friendly
digital payment options in every sector of the economy, identify the
bottlenecks in this transformation to a cashless economy, engage regularly
with Central ministries, regulators, state governments, district
administration, local bodies, trade and industry associations to promote
adoption of digital payment systems, estimate costs involved in various
digital payments options and oversee implementation of measures to make
such transactions between the government and citizens cheaper than cash
transactions.
Common Service Centres are to help the merchants in using digital
payment systems. A part of the expense involved has to be borne by the
CSCs.
Deputy Collectors across the country have been asked by the Cabinet
Secretary to make people aware of and push digital payments.
Transformation to a cashless economy would surely take time but is in no
way infeasible. We already have the example of mobile phones reaching
almost every corner of the country.
Questions for practice
1. Who prepared the first draft of the Indian constitution?
a) J.L Nehru
b) B.R Ambedkar
c) Vallabh bhai Patel
d) B.N rau
2. How many articles were there in the original constitution?
a) 389
b) 379
c) 362
d) 382
3. Consider the following statements:
i) Common service centers scheme was launched by Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology.
ii) They are meant to empower citizens digitally under the Digital India
programme.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?\
a) i) only
b) ii) only
c) both i) and ii)
d) None
4. i) human body can get rid of HIV completely.
ii)HIV attacks CD4 cells and thus weakens the immune system.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?
a) i) only
b) ii) only
c) Both i) and ii)
d) None
Current News Analysis
27-11-2016
A. GS1 Related
B. GS2 Related
1. PM for qualitative change in police force
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/pm-for-qualitative-change-in-
police-force/article9389953.ece
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Policies
Key Points:
PM Narendra Modi has called for a qualitative change in the police force. He would to enforce this through a collective training effort. He remarked that technology and human interface are both important for the police force to
keep progressing, and emphasised the importance of foot patrolling and constabulary intelligence.
He also mentioned that the development of soft skills was essential, and that it should become a part of the training drill.
The PM also launched a mobile App called ‘Indian Police at Your Call.’
2. Castro, Cuban revolutionary who defied U.S., dies at 90
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Castro-Cuban-revolutionary-who-
defied-U.S.-dies-at-90/article16708637.ece
Category: International Relations
Topic: International Developments
Key Points:
Fidel Castro, who brought the Cold War to the Western Hemisphere in 1959 and then
defied the United States for nearly half a century as Cuba’s maximum leader, died on
Friday this week at the age of 90. Fidel Castro had held onto power longer than any
other living national leader, except Queen Elizabeth II.
Background: Under Jawaharlal Nehru, India was among the first countries to recognise communist Cuba
after the 1959 revolution led by Castro, who overthrew the Fulgencio Batista regime. India always maintained political, trade, cultural and people-to-people relations with Cuba.
This was maintained despite U.S. sanctions on Cuba starting from the Cold War era. It was Nehru who reached out to the Cuban icon and told him that the non-aligned nations
saw his leadership with immense hope. It was during the tenure of Indira Gandhi that ties between Cuba and India prospered. Castro’s most significant cooperation was during the Angolan civil war when the non-aligned
countries backed the cause of Angolan independence. It is important to note that India’s cooperation with Cuba was also due to India’s common
friendship with the USSR that deepened during 1966-’77.
C.GS3 Related
1. E viro e t Mi istry to seek I ter atio al Year of Hi alayas
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Environment-Ministry-to-seek-
%E2%80%98International-Year-of-Himalayas%E2%80%99/article16708639.ece
Category: Environment and Ecology
Topic: Government Policy, Conservation
Key Points:
The Environment Ministry of the Government of India will request the U.N. General Assembly, to declare a year as the International Year of Himalayas and to declare a day in a year as the International Himalaya Day.
It is important to note that the Himalayas has been under-represented at global platforms.
The Environment Ministry of the Government of India had entrusted an institute named, ‘G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development’ with the task of representing the 12 Himalayan States of the country at CoP 22.
The Environment Ministry has asked the institute to organise sessions focussing on the Himalayas each year.
2. Lashkar desperate for new notes
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Lashkar-desperate-for-new-
notes/article16708479.ece
Category: Internal Security
Topic: Challenges to Internal Security
Key Points:
Almost three weeks after demonetisation, it is believed by the police that militants in Kashmir are desperate for new banknotes to pay up their monthly bills, especially those of mobile phones and SIM cards.
According to a police assessment, the militants active in the valley spend a lot every month on cellphones and SIM cards.
Militant commanders or heads of a module keep changing cellphones and SIM cards. It is important to note that other major expenses for militants are couriers, fuel charges and
overground workers who ferry weapons from the border areas to the mainland and help in their distribution.
3. GST transmission clause spooks industry
http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/GST-transmission-clause-spooks-
industry/article16707559.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy
Key Points:
The Central Government has empowered itself to impose penalties on businesses that fail to pass on the benefits of the GST regime to consumers in the form of lower prices.
This development has triggered concerns in industry about a return to the era of socialist controls and harassment.
The Centre will achieve this through an enabling provision introduced in the model Goods and Services Tax (GST) law, recently unveiled by the Centre.
4. Demonetisation will bring economy to a new equilibrium, says NITI
Aayog CEO
http://www.thehindu.com/business/Demonetisation-will-bring-economy-to-a-new-
equilibrium-says-NITI-Aayog-CEO/article16707566.ece
Category: Indian Economy
Topic: Government Policy
Key Points:
NITI Aayog CEO Amitabh Kant recently remarked that Demonetisation will bring the Indian
economy to a new equilibrium with low tax regime and lower interest rates.
He believes that bank deposits will go up and the move will address the structural weaknesses in the banking system. Further, he believes that the biggest achievement would be the end of a parallel economy.
5. Sweat sensors for health
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/article16707452.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Developments
Key Points:
Northwestern University’s research team in the U.S. has developed a first-of-its-kind device. This device is a soft, flexible micro-fluidic device that easily adheres to the skin and measures
the wearer’s sweat to show how his or her body is responding to exercise. This device is a little larger than a rupee coin and about the same thickness.
Features
This simple, low-cost device analyses key biomarkers to help a person decide quickly if any adjustments, such as drinking more water or replenishing electrolytes, need to be made or if something is medically awry.
The device is designed for a one-time use of a few hours. The device even detects the presence of a biomarker for cystic fibrosis. In the future, it may be more broadly used for diagnosing a wider range of diseases.
6. Mini antibodies
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/article16707452.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Nanotechnology
Key Points:
Scientists have designed “mini antibodies” that are also called ‘nanobodies’, that pave the way for potentially-novel treatment for a wide range of inflammatory disorders.
These disorders include inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pain and multiple sclerosis.
7. What are Yamanaka genes?
http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/Demystifying-
Science/article16709014.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Developments
Key Points: Yamanaka genes are the four essential genes that can re-programme the cells in our body
and, in principle, be used to regenerate old cells or grow new organs. The Yamanaka genes are collectively known as OSKM (for the initials of the
genes, Oct4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and Myc )
D. GS4 Related
E. Important Editorials
The Hindu
1. A Bill that falls short
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/A-Bill-that-falls-
short/article16707488.ece
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Initiatives, Government Policy
Key Points:
It has been two months after the Cabinet approved the HIV Bill. The text of this much-awaited legislation was made available this week. Unfortunately, it is believed that the version of the Bill to be tabled in Parliament is a diluted
form, having many flaws.
Specific criticisms of the bill
The proposed Section 14 of the Bill, talks of prevention measures that the Central or State governments may take, “as far as possible,” for the provision of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and Opportunistic Infection (OI) Management, against the spread of HIV.
It is important to note that the Indian government has been providing free-of-cost antiretrovirals for PLHIVs (People living with HIV) since 2004.
The other major flaw is that the proposed Bill states that the ombudsman shall inquire into violations in the provision of health-care services.
However, the government has proposed amendments to increase the scope of the ombudsman’s jurisdiction which mandates him to enquire into all violations of the provisions of the Bill including discrimination. This would be a disaster.
The law as drafted by civil society envisaged an ombudsman working at the district level who would attend to complaints on health issues relating to HIV.
It must be noted that there are several cases involving health issues of PLHIVs not being attended to by health services. This is especially true in the private sector.
Pregnant women living with HIV bear the brunt of discrimination in health services.
It is also believed that since the ombudsman is neither a full-time officer, nor trained in judicial matters, the whole mechanism becoming unworkable.
This is so when we consider the types of issues that he would have to deal with — from informed consent to discrimination etc.
Another crucial flaw deals with the needle safety programme. The government has proposed amendment to Clause 22 of the Bill, by deleting all references to needle and syringe exchange.
In its original form, Clause 22 of the Bill, was aimed to protect volunteers and patients from illegality.
The Bill does not confer powers to civil courts in relation to employment. It is important to note that as per prevailing law, only a government or a public sector
employee can seek employment or reinstatement if s/he is discriminated and not employed or illegally terminated.
2. The stealth superbug, decoded
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/The-stealth-superbug-
decoded/article16707468.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Developments
Key Points:
Recently, several parts of the U.S. registered 13 cases of infection by the deadly
fungus Candida auris .
Apart from the U.S., outbreaks have been reported this year in eight countries
across four continents — India, Pakistan, South Korea, Kuwait, South Africa,
Colombia, Venezuela and United Kingdom.
What is Candidiasis?
Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, often seen in patients whose
immune system is compromised, such as AIDS patients or in case of transplants,
malignancies and the use of catheters.
Most of the infections are hospital-acquired, especially in ICU settings.
3. H5N8 expands its reach
http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/H5N8-expands-its-
reach/article16707475.ece
Category: Science and Technology
Topic: Developments
Key Points:
Paris-based World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), recently declared that India has
reported an outbreak of a highly contagious bird flu virus in Karnataka.
The virus, H5N8, spreads through direct contact with secretions from infected birds, their
feed, etc.
So far there are no reported cases of H5N8 affecting people.
The H5N8 bird flu strain has been found in several countries in Europe and West Asia in
recent weeks. This development has led some states to order poultry flocks to be kept
indoors.
The Indian Express
1. India will not ink Hague treaty on civil aspects of child abduction
http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/india-will-not-ink-
hague-treaty-on-civil-aspects-of-child-abduction-4397236/
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Policy
Key Points:
The Union government has recently decided that India will not ratify the Hague Convention
on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (1980).
If India Signed the treaty?
Signing the multilateral treaty would have meant that the government will have to send
back women, who have escaped bad marriages abroad and brought their child along with
them to India, back to the country of the father’s residence. It is important to note that the government’s view is contrary to the recommendations
given by the Law Commission.
What did the Law Commission say?
The Law Commission had endorsed acceding to the Hague convention. It has even
suggested a jail term of one year for a parent of foreign origin living in India who takes
away the child without the consent of the other unless it is a case of domestic violence.
The matter of ratifying the Hague Convention was taken up following lobbying by groups
in the United States and certain European nations.
The pressure exerted by the developed countries to get India to be a signatory to the
treaty was based on gender equality and the idea that the father should have equal rights
to the child as the mother.
F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:
1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn
Indian Police at Your Call
CoP 22
Candidiasis
HIV Bill
Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART)
Opportunistic Infection (OI) Management
2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS
BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS
IN NEWS
Links to Refer
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Prevention and Control) Bill, 2014
http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-human-
immunodeficiency-virus-and-acquired-immune-
deficiency-syndrome-prevention-and-control-
bill-2014-3126/
3. Tags
Indian Police at Your Call
CoP 22
Candidiasis
HIV Bill
Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART)
Opportunistic Infection (OI) Management
Practice Questions
Date: 27
th November, 2016
Category: Environment and Ecology
Topic: Conservation Initiatives Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Current Affairs
1] Consider the following statements,
1] The Environment Ministry of the Government of India will request the U.N. General Assembly, to declare a year as the International Year of Himalayas and to declare a day in a year as the International Himalaya Day.
2] The Environment Ministry of the Government of India had entrusted an institute named, ‘G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development’ with the task of representing the 12 Himalayan States of the country at CoP 22.
3] The Environment Ministry has asked the institute to organise sessions focussing on the Himalayas each year.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 Only
b) 2 and 3 Only
c) All, 1, 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3 Only
Ans (c)
Date: 27
th November, 2016
Category: Science & Technology
Topic: Developments Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Current Affairs
2] Consider the following statements,
1] Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, often seen in patients whose immune system is compromised, such as AIDS patients or in case of transplants, malignancies and the use of catheters.
2] Most of the infections are hospital-acquired, especially in ICU settings.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Date: 27th November, 2016
Category: Science & Technology
Topic: Developments Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Current Affairs
3] Consider the following statements, regarding ‘sweat sensors’, recently in the news:
1] Sweat sensors are a low-cost device that analyses key biomarkers to help a person decide quickly if any adjustments, such as drinking more water or replenishing electrolytes, need to be made or if something is medically awry.
2] This device is a soft, flexible micro-fluidic device that easily adheres to the skin and measures the
wearer’s sweat to show how his or her body is responding to exercise.
3] The device even detects the presence of a biomarker for cystic fibrosis.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 Only
b) 2 and 3 Only
c) All, 1, 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3 Only
Ans (c)
Date: 27th November, 2016
Category: Science & Technology
Topic: Developments Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Factual
4] Which of the following is used for the measurement of distribution of income?
1] Yamanaka genes are the four essential genes that can re-programme the cells in our body and, in principle, be used to regenerate old cells or grow new organs.
2] The Yamanaka genes are collectively known as OSKM (for the initials of the genes, Oct4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and Myc )
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 Only
b) 2 Only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans (c)
Date: 27th November, 2016
Category: Polity and Governance
Topic: Government Initiatives
Source: The Hindu
Difficulty level: Medium
Type: Current Affairs
5] Consider the following statements,
1] PM Narendra Modi has called for a qualitative change in the police force which he would like to enforce through a collective training effort.
2] He also mentioned that the development of soft skills was essential, and that it should become a part of the training drill.
3] The PM also launched a mobile App called ‘Indian Police at Your Call.’
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2 Only
b) 2 and 3 Only
c) All, 1, 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3 Only
Ans (c)
