Current and Future Kaon Experiments CKM-2012, Cincinnati , OH. R. Tschirhart Fermilab

October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Current and Future Kaon Experiments

CKM-2012, Cincinnati , OH.

R. TschirhartFermilab Photo: H. Hayano, KEK

October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012

October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Sensitivity Frontier of Kaon Physics Today: Parts per TrillionCERN NA62: 100 x 10-12 measurement sensitivity of K+ge+n

Fermilab KTeV: 20 x 10-12 measurement sensitivity of KLgmmee Fermilab KTeV: 20 x 10-12 search sensitivity for KLgpme, ppme

BNL E949: 20 x 10-12 measurement sensitivity of K+gp+nn

BNL E871: 1 x 10-12 measurement sensitivity of KLge+e-

BNL E871: 1 x 10-12 search sensitivity for KLgme

Probing new physics above a 10 TeV scale with 20-50 kW of protons. Next goal: 1000-event K->pnn experiments...10-14 sensitivity.2


The World-wide Research Program TodayThe family of in-flight kaon decay experiments in the CERN North Area (NA48 to NA62) [ M Moulson, G. Ruggiero]

The KLOE experiment at the DAPHNE e+e-gF resonance storage ring. [ M. Moulson]

The emerging program at new JPARC accelerator complex at Tokai Japan. [H. Nanjo]

Since CKM-2010 several new results on high precision probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 3


Precision-I: Resolution of the Vud/Vus/Vub non-Unitarity tension by precision measurement of Kgpln decays. Updates in Working Group #12010: KTeV,BNL-865,NA48,KLOENew Physics models squeezed out beyond the 5 TeV scale2004: |Vud|2+|Vus|2+|Vub|2 < 1 ??October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 4

Precision-II: Exploiting Simple Final StatesOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Courtesy Antonino Sergi, PIC 20125


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 6


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 7The JPARC E36/TREK experiment aims to reduce this error by x2.


The World-wide Research Program Today & TomorrowNA62 developing a new technique to measure K+gp+nn [ G. Ruggiero ]

KLOE-2 and the JPARC TREK initiative aim to continue pursuing a suite of precision measurements

The KOTO experiment at JPARC will become sensitive to large BSM enhancement of KLgp0nn, and reach SM event sensitivity. [H. Nanjo ]

The ORKA experiment is pursuing ultimate sensitivity to K+gp+nn with an evolution of an established technique. [J. Ritchie ]

The emerging program is focused on high sensitivity probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 8


Most promising quark rare-decay probes for physics beyond the Standard ModelOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Straub, CKM 2010 workshop (arXiv:1012.3893v2) 9


K+p+nn in the Standard ModelOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 10


Rare processes sensitive to new physics e.g. Warped Extra Dimensions as a Theory of Flavor??Straub, CKM 2010 workshop (arXiv:1012.3893v2) Buras et al. SM accuracy of

1October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 12


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 14Quest for KLgp0nn Nothing in,nothing out


Quest for KLgp0nn Nothing in, nothing outOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 15


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 16Courtesy T. YamanakaKEK E391a g JPARC KOTO


10(0.78+-0.08)



Special Features of Measuring Determine everything possible about the K+ and p+* p+ /+ particle ID better than 106 (p+ - +- e+ ) Eliminate events with extra charged particles or photons* p0 inefficiency < 10-6 Suppress backgrounds well below the expected signal (S/N~10)* Predict backgrounds from data: dual independent cuts* Use Blind analysis techniques * Test predictions with outside-the-signal-region measurements Evaluate candidate events with S/N functionExperimentally weak signature with background processes exceeding signal by >1010IIIOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 18


K+gp+cc: New Physics beyond rate:October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Courtesy W. Altmannshofer, PXPS19


The BNL E787/E949 stopped kaon techniqueD. Bryman, W. Marciano, R.T., and T. Yamanaka, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 61, 331(2011).October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 20


ORKA is a 4th Generation Detector - x100 sensitivity - x10 from kaon flux, x10 from detector (Aptenodytes forsteri)October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 21


CDF(B0) collision hall at Fermilab is leading site:Existing tunnels and hall, Rad hard, adequate hall, large high field solenoid magnet, A0->B0 beam-line required.

Fermilab approved ORKA Dec 2011, collaboration is growing!



The NA62 Experiment for Kpnn: OverviewCourtesy of Giuseppe Ruggiero - CKM 2012Signal signatureBackgroundAll the K+ decay modesAccidental single tracksSPS proton beam @ 400 GeV/cP secondary charged beam 75 GeV/c (DP/P = 1% unseparated 6% K+)Rate @ beam tracker 750 MHz, area 16 cm2 Rate downstream 10 MHz (K+ decays mostly)K decay rates / year: 4.8 x 101223


Present Status and ScheduleExpected sensitivity:Analysis performed using GEANT4-based simulation and data from test beam and NA48/NA62 experiment. 55 signal events/run year,

The Fermilab Project-X Research ProgramNeutrino experiments A high-power proton source with proton energies between 1 and 120 GeV would produce intense neutrino sources and beams illuminating near detectors on the Fermilab site and massive detectors at distant underground laboratories.

Kaon, muon, nuclei & neutron precision experimentsThese could include world leading experiments searching for muon-to-electron conversion, nuclear and neutron electron dipole moments (edms), precision measurement of neutron properties and world-leading precision measurements of ultra-rare kaon decays.

Platform for evolution to a Neutrino Factory and Muon ColliderNeutrino Factory and Muon-Collider concepts depend critically on developing high intensity proton source technologies.

Nuclear Energy Applications Accelerator, spallation, target and transmutation technology demonstration which could investigate and develop accelerator technologies important to the design of future nuclear waste transmutation systems and future thorium fuel-cycle power systems. 25Detailed discussion on Project X websiteOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 An Incomplete Menu of Kaon Research Targets Enabled by Project-X Kaon Physics:

K+ g p+nn: >1000 events, Precision rate and form factor.KL g p0nn: 1000 events, enabled by high flux & precision TOF.K+ g p0m+n: Measurement of T-violating muon polarization. K+ g (p,m)+nx: Search for anomalous heavy neutrinos.K0 g p0e+e-:

Project X Day-1 program goals:Definitive Measurement of KgpnnIn the Project-X era the Fermilab ORKA experiment would precisely measure the rate and form-factor of K+gpnn .The Project-X era presents an opportunity to measure the holy grail of kaon physics with precision: KLgpnn .October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 27


SummaryRecent precision measurements in the kaon system have continued to restrict the space of physics beyond the Standard Model.

Recent limits from direct searches at the LHC are pushing the scale of new physics up and underscores the importance of rare decay probes that can reach beyond the LHC.

There is no silver bullet among rare processes in this huntbut we have some serious weapons. Interdependence is key: Notably LQCD developments in theory and CKM parameters in experiment and theory.

World-wide and domestic opportunities exist. Join in this dialogue and planning, participate in the Community Planning Meeting @ FNAL October 11th-13th, and Snowmass on the Mississippi in August 2013: https://indico.fnal.gov/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=5841 October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 28


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Spare Slides


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Courtesy Augusto Ceccucci


October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 U. Haisch, PXPS June 2012


KLOE @ DAFNE October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 e+e- g F g KLKS


KTeV was the culmination of the high-energy in-flight program at FermilabUniversity of Chicago GroupOctober 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012 Discovery of matter-antimatter asymmetry in a decay amplitude

The ORKA new detector payload replaces the CDF tracker volumeSteve Kettell with the BNL-E949 Central tracker (similar diameter to ORKA)October 2012 R. Tschirhart - CKM 2012


Signal Definition: m2 = (PK Pp)290% of K+ BR well separated from signal: 2 signal regions in the m2miss spectrumMain sources of background contamination:Region I: Physical: radiative tails from K+ m+n, semileptonicsExperimental: resolution tails from K+ m+n and K+ p+p0 m2miss reconstructionRegion II: Physical: radiative tails from K+ m+n and K+ p+p0 , semileptonics, rare decaysExperimental: resolution tails from K+ m+n, K+ p+p0, K p+p+(p0)p-(p0). Courtesy of Giuseppe Ruggiero - CKM 2012


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Current and Future Kaon Experiments CKM-2012, Cincinnati , OH. R. Tschirhart Fermilab