cuh.ac.incuh.ac.in/admin/uploads/pdf/0M.Sc._Cem… · Web view · 2014-07-03Determination of the amount of bleaching powder required to disinfect a water sample by Horrock’s

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCESCENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF HARYANA

M.Sc. Chemistry programme

Semester-I

Course Code Title of the Course Hours per week

Credit

SCSC 101 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry-I 3 3SCSC 102 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry-I 3 3SCSC 103 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry-I 3 3SCSC 104 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3SCSC 105 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3

21 15SCSE 106 Chem 3003 Environmental Chemistry 3 3SCSE 107 a or b Chem 3003 Mathematics (a) OR Biosciences (b) 3 3Offered by other department Presentation and Communication Skills 3 3

Self-study course24

Semester-II


Credit

SCSC 201 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry-II 3 3SCSC 202 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry-II 3 3SCSC 203 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry-II 3 3SCSC 204 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3SCSC 205 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3

21 15SCSE 206 Chem 3003 Analytical Chemistry-I 3 3SCSE 207Chem 3003 General Polymer Chemistry 3 3Offered by other department Computer programming 2 (Theory)

+ 2 (Practical)

3

Self-study course24

Semester-III


Credit

SCSC 301 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry-III 3 3SCSC 302 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry-III 3 3SCSC 303 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry-III 3 3SCSC 304 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3SCSC 305 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3

21 15SCSE 306 Chem 3003 Analytical Chemistry-II 3 3SCSE 307 Chem 3003 Computational Chemistry 2 (Theory)

+ 2 (Practical)

3

Offered by the other department

3 3

Self-study course24

Semester-IV


Credit

SCSC 401 Chem 3003 Inorganic/Organic/Physical Chemistry 3 3SCSC 402 Chem 3003 Inorganic/Organic/Physical Chemistry 3 3SCSC 403 Chem 3003 Bioinorganic Chemistry OR

Bioorganic Chemistry ORBiophysical Chemistry

3 3

SCSC 404 Chem 3003 Project work 12 621 15

SCSE 405 Chem 3003 Applications of Spectroscopy 3 3SCSE 406 Chem 3003 Chemistry of materials 3 3Offered by the other department

3 3

Self-study course24

Self-study course

To be decided by the Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences

Total credits = 78

SEMESTER CORE COURSE

ELECTIVE COURSE offered by

SELF-STUDY COURSEChemistry

departmentOther departments

I 15 6 3 3II 15 6 3 3III 15 6 3 3IV 15 6 3 3

60 24 12Requirement 60 12 6

School of Chemical SciencesCentral University of Haryana

M.Sc. Chemistry programme

Semester-I


Credit

SCSC 001 Chem 3003 Bonding and properties of inorganic compounds

3 3

SCSC 002 Chem 3003 Reaction Mechanism-I 3 3SCSC 003 Chem 3003 Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry 3 3SCSC 004 Chem 3003 Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3SCSC 005 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3

21 15SCSE 006 Chem 3003 Environmental Chemistry 3 3SCSE 007a or b Chem 3003 Mathematics (a) OR Biosciences (b) 3 3Offered by other department Presentation and Communication Skills 3 3

Self-study course24

Semester-II


Credit

SCSC 011 Chem 3003 Transition metal Chemistry 3 3SCSC 012 Chem 3003 Reaction Mechanism-II 3 3SCSC 013 Chem 3003 Quantum chemistry and molecular

reaction dynamics3 3

SCSC 014 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry Laboratory-I 6 3SCSC 015 Chem 3003 Inorganic/ Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3

21 15SCSE 016 Chem 3003 Group theory and spectroscopy 3 3SCSE 017 Chem 3003 General Polymer Chemistry 3 3Offered by other department Computer programming 2 (Theory)

+ 2 (Practical)

3

Self-study course24

Semester-III


Credit

SCSC 021 Chem 3003 Advance Inorganic Chemistry 3 3SCSC 022 Chem 3003 Advance Organic Chemistry 3 3SCSC 023 Chem 3003 Advance Physical Chemistry 3 3SCSC 024 Chem 3003 Organic Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3SCSC 025 Chem 3003 Physical Chemistry Laboratory-II 6 3

21 15SCSE 026 Chem 3003 Spectroscopy and diffraction methods 3 3SCSE 027 Chem 3003 Computational Chemistry 2 (Theory)

+ 2 (Practical)

3

Offered by the other department

3 3

Self-study course24

Semester-IV


Credit

SCSC 031 Chem 3003 Inorganic/Organic/Physical Chemistry 3 3SCSC 032 Chem 3003 Inorganic/Organic/Physical Chemistry 3 3SCSC 033 Chem 3003 Bioinorganic Chemistry OR

Bioorganic Chemistry ORBiophysical Chemistry

3 3

SCSC 034 Chem 3003 Project work 12 621 15

SCSE 035 Chem 3003 Applications of spectroscopy 3 3SCSE 036 Chem 3003 Material Chemistry 3 3Offered by the other department

3 3

Self-study course27

Self-study course

To be decided by the Department of Chemistry/School of Chemical SciencesTotal credits = 78

SEMESTER CORE COURSE

ELECTIVE COURSE offered by

SELF-STUDY COURSEChemistry

departmentOther departments

I 15 6 3 3II 15 6 3 3III 15 6 3 3IV 15 6 3 3

60 24 12Requirement 60 12 6

M.Sc. Chemistry I Semester Inorganic Chemistry-I

Core Course SCSC 001 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3 Theories of Bonding in Co-ordination Complexes: Valence bond theory, electro neutrality principle and limitations, Crystal field theory splitting of d-orbitals in cubic, octahedral, tetragonal, tetrahedral and square planar ligand environments. Structural consequences of splitting of d-orbitals, Jahn Teller theorem, trends in ionic radii, lattice energy and heat of ligation. Structure of spinels. MOT with and bonding.

Chemistry of Lanthanides and Actinides

Lanthanides

Extraction & applications, colour and spectra, magnetic properties, Binary & Ternary compounds, oxo salts, compound containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur & phosphorus ligands, cyclopentadienyl compounds, Low oxidation state compounds, Lanthanide contraction, Use of lanthanide compounds as shift reagents.

Actinides General properties, oxidation states, Dioxoions, chemistry of Actinium, Thorium, Protactinium, Uranium, Compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus ligands, uranyl & cyclopentadienyl compounds, Transuranic elements, Later actinide elements.

Chemistry of Non Transition Elements General discussion on the properties of the non transition elements, special features of individual elements, synthesis, properties and structure of their halides and oxides, polymorphism of carbon, phosphorus and sulphur, Synthesis, properties and structure of boranes, carboranes, borazines, silicates, phosphazenes, sulphur-nitrogen compounds, peroxo compounds of boron, carbon and sulphur, oxy acids of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur and halogens, interhalogens, pseudohalides and noble gas compounds.

Non-aqueous Solvents Solvent system definition, Reactions in non-aqueous media with respect to H 2SO4, BrF3, N2O4, HF, thionyl chloride and phosphoryl chloride. Mechanism of coordination reactions in non-aqueous media.

Books Suggested 1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, F.A. Cotton and Wilkinson, John Wiley.2. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huheey, HarperCollins.3. Chemistry of the Elements, N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Pergamon.4. Magnetochemistry, R.L. Carlin, Springer Verlog.5. Magnatochemistry, A. Earnshaw.6. Inorganic chemistry, G. Wulf’sburg.7. Introduction to ligand fields, B.N. Figgis, Wiley Eastern-IIed.

M.Sc. Chemistry I Semester

Organic Chemistry-I

Core Course SCSC 002 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3

Nature of Bonding in Organic MoleculesDelocalized chemical bonding - conjugation, cross conjugation, resonance, hyperconjugation,

bonding in fullerenes, tautomerism. ; Aromaticity in benzenoid and non-benzenoid compounds, alternant and non-alternant hydrocarbons, Hückel’s rule, energy level of –molecular orbitals, annulenes, anti-aromaticity, homo-aromaticity. ; Bonds weaker than covalent-addition compounds, crown ether complexes and cryptands, inclusion compounds, cyclodextrins, catenanes and rotaxanes.

Stereochemistry Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes, decalins, effect of conformation on reactivity,

conformation of sugars, steric strain due to unavoidable crowding. ; Elements of symmetry, chirality, molecules with more than one chiral center, threo and erythro isomers, asymmetric synthesis (basic principle, auxiliary, substrate, reagent and catalyst controlled). methods of resolution, optical purity, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups and faces, stereospecific and stereoselective synthesis. Optical activity in the absence of chiral carbon (biphenyls, allenes and spiranes) ; Stereochemistry of the compounds containing nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.

Reaction Mechanism : Structure and Reactivity Types of mechanisms, types of reactions, thermodynamic and kinetic requirements, kinetic

and thermodynamic control, Hammond’s postulate, Curtin-Hammett principle. Potential energy diagrams, transition states and intermediates, methods of determining mechanisms. Generation, structure, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions free radicals, carbenes and nitrenes ; Effect of structure on reactivity – resonance and field effects, steric effect. The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship, substituent and reaction constants.

Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution The SN

2, SN1, mixed SN

1 and SN2 and SET Mechanisms. The neighbouring group mechanism,

neighbouring group participation by and bonds. Classical and nonclassical carbocations, phenonium ions, norbornyl system, common carbocation rearrangements. The SN

i mechanism. Nucleophilic substitution at an allylic, aliphatic trigonal and a vinylic carbon. Reactivity effects of substrate structure, attacking nucleophile, leaving group and reaction medium, phase transfer catalysis and ultrasound, ambident nuleophile, regioselectivity.

Aliphatic Electrophilic Substitution Bimolecular mechanisms – SE

2 and SEi. The SE

1 mechanism, electrophilic substitution accompanied by double bound shifts. Effect of substrates, leaving group and the solvent polarity on the reactivity.

Books Suggested 1. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanism and Structure, March and Smith, John

Wiley. 2. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundburg, Plenum.3. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, Longman.4. Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, C.K. Ingold, CBC Publisher & Distributors.5. Organic Chemistry, Morrison, Boyd and Bhattcharjee, Prentice-Hall.6. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S.M. Mukherji and S.P. Singh, Macmillan.7. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, D. Nasipuri, New Age International.8. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, E. L. Eliel and S. H. Wilen, Wiley Interscience.

M.Sc. Chemistry I Semester Physical Chemistry-I

Core Course SCSC 003 Chem 3003

45 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3

Thermodynamics

Classical Thermodynamics

Brief resume of concepts of laws of thermodynamics, free energy, chemical potential and entropies. Partial molar properties; partial molar free energy, partial molar volume and partial molar heat content and their significance. Determination of these quantities. Concept of fugacity and determination of fugacity.

Non-ideal systems: Excess functions for non-ideal solutions. Activity, activity coefficient, Debye-Hückel theory for activity coefficient of electrolytic solutions; determination of activity and activity coefficients; ionic strength

Application of phase rule to three component systems; second order phase transitions.

Statistical Thermodynamics Concept of distribution, thermodynamic probability and most probable distribution. Ensemble

averaging, postulates of ensemble averaging. Canonical, grand canonical and microcanonical ensembles, corresponding distribution laws (using Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers).

Partition functions – translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition functions, calculation of thermodynamic properties in terms of partition functions. Applications of partition functions.

Heat capacity, behavior of solids – chemical equilibria and equilibrium constant in terms of partition functions, Fermi-Dirac statistics, distribution law and applications to metal. Bose –Einstein statistics - distribution law and application to helium.

ElectrochemistryElectrochemistry of solutions. Debye-Hückel–Onsager treatment and its extension, ion

solvent interactions. Thermodynamics of electrified interface equations. Derivation of electro-capillarity, Lippmann equations (surface excess), methods of determinations. Structure of electrified interfaces. Guoy-Chapman, Stern, Graham-Devanathan-Mottwatts, Tobin, Bockris, Devanathan models.

Over potentials, exchange current density, derivation of Butler-Volmer equation, Tafel plot.

Quantum aspects of charge transfer at electrodes-solution interfaces, quantization of charge transfer, tunnelling.

Semiconductor interfaces – theory of double layer at semiconductor, electrolyte solution interfaces, structure of double layer interfaces. Effect of light at semiconductor solution interface.

Electrocatalysis – influence of various parameters. Hydrogen electrode.

Bioelectrochemistry, threshold membrane phenomena, Nernst-Planck equation, Hodges-Huxley equations, core conductor models, electrocardiography.

Polarography theory, Ilkovic equation; half wave potential and its significance.

Introduction to corrosion, homogeneous theory, forms of corrosion, corrosion monitoring and prevention methods.

Books Suggested

1. Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins, Oxford University Press.2. Physical Chemistry, G.W. Castellan, Narosa. Publishers, New Delhi3. Electrochemistry-by Glasstone4. Modern Electrochemistry vol.1 and vol II J.O.M.Bockris and A.K.N.Reddy, Plenum.5. Thermodynamics for Chemists, S. Glasstone, Affiliated East-West Press.6. Chemical Thermodynamics, I.M. Klotz and R.M. Rosenberg, Benzamin.


Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory-I



I Water Analysis

1. Determination of dissolved oxygen in a water sample.2. Determination of chemical oxygen demand of a waste water sample.3. Determination of the amount of bleaching powder required to disinfect a water sample by

Horrock’s test.4. Determination of total chlorine residuals.5. To determine the minimum dose of a coagulant required to coagulate a given sample by Jar

test and to compare the effectiveness of aluminium sulphate and ferric sulphate as coagulants for a given sample at room temperature.

6. Determination of total suspended solids dried at 103-105C7. Determination of total dissolved solids dried at 180C8. Determination of fixed and volatile solids.9. Determination of biochemical oxygen demand of a waste water sample.10.Determination of turbidity of a water sample by nephlometer.

II Preparations

Preparation of selected compounds and their spectroscopic studies.

1. VO(acac)2 2. Na[Cr(NH3) 2 (SCN) 4]3. Mn(acac)3 4. Prussian Blue/ Turnbull’s Blue 5. Hg[Co(NCS) 4] 6. Potassium trioxalatoferate (III) Trihydrate7. Dichlorobis ( hydroxylamine) Zinc (II)8. Pentathioureadicuprous nitrate9. Potassium trioxaltochromate (III)10.Tetrapyridine ferrous chloride.

III Flame photometric determinations

To determine the concentration of different ions (sodium, potassium, calcium, lithim, etc.) in the given solution.

Books Suggested :

1. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, revised, J. Bassett, R. C. Denney, G.H. Jeffery and J. Mendham, ELBS.

2. Vogel’s Textbook of Macro and Semimicro Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, revised, G. Svehla, Longman.

3. Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Marr and Rocket.


Organic Chemistry Laboratory-I

Core Course SCSC 005 Chem 3003 90 Hrs (6Hrs /week) Credits: 3 I Separation and Purification Techniques

Recrystallisation, Distillation : simple, fractional, steam and vacuum distillation, sublimation, extraction, chromatography : thin-layer and column chromatography.

II Qualitative Analysis

Analysis of an organic mixture containing two solid components using water, NaHCO3, NaOH, HCl and ether for separation and preparation of suitable derivatives.

III Organic Synthesis

Preparation of organic compounds involving one step.Acetylation : Acetylation of cholesterol and separation of cholestryl acetate by column chromatography.Oxidation: Adipic acid by chromic acid oxidation of cyclohexanol.Grignard reaction: Synthesis of triphenylmethanol from benzoic acid.Aldol condensation: Dibenzal acetone from benzaldehyde.Sandmeyer reaction: p-Chlorotoluene from p-toluidine.

Books Suggested

1. Experiments and Techniques in Organic Chemistry, Pasto, Johnson and Miller, Prentice Hall.2. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments, K.L. Williamson, D.C. Heath.3. Systematic Qualitative Organic Analysis, H. Middleton, Adward Arnold.4. Handbook of Organic Analysis-Qualitative and Quantitative, H. Clark, Adward Arnold.5. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, A.R. Tatchell, John Wiley.


Environmental Chemistry

Elective Course SCSE 006 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3

EnvironmentIntroduction, composition of atmosphere, vertical temperature, heat budget of the earth

atmosphere system, vertical stability atmosphere, biogeochemical cycles of C, N, P, S and O, biodistribution of elements.

HydrosphereChemical composition of water bodies, streams, rivers and wet lands etc., aquatic pollution,

water quality parameters, water quality standards, analytical methods for measuring BOD, DO, COD, F, oils, metals, residual chlorine and chlorine demand, purification and treatment of water.

SoilsComposition of soil, estimation of micro and macro nutrients, remains of fertilizers and

pesticides. Soil erosion and soil preservation.Atmosphere

Chemical composition of atmosphere, chemical and photochemical reactions in atmosphere, smog formation, oxides of N, C, S, O and their effect, pollution by chemicals, petroleum, products, CFCs, heavy metals, greenhouse gases, analytical methods for measuring air pollutants.

Pollution originating from industryIndustries producing Cement, sugar, textiles, dyes, paper and pulp, leather goods etc. Power

plants, distillery, electroplating industry. Disposal and recycling of wastes and their managements.

Books suggested

1. Environmental Chemistry, S E Manahan, Lewis publishers.2. Environmental Chemistry, A K De, Wiley Esatern.3. Standard method of analysis, F J Welcher, Vol. III, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.4. Environmental Chemistry, C Baird, W H Freeman.

M.Sc. Chemistry I SemesterMathematics

Elective Course SCSE 007a Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3

Vectors and Matrix Algebra

VectorsVectors: dot, cross and triple products of vectors etc examples from angular momentum. The

gradient, divergence and curl.

Vector calculus: Gauss Divergence theorem, Surface integral, Volume integral.

Matrix AlgebraAddition and multiplication; inverse, adjoint and transpose of matrices, special matrices

(Symmetric, skew-symmetric, Hermitian, skew-Hermitian, unit, diagonal, unitary etc.) and their properties. Solution of Homogeneous, non-homogeneous linear equations and conditions for the solution.

Matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalization, determinants (examples from Hückel theory).

Differential and Integral CalculusFunctions, continuity and differentiability, rules for differentiation, applications of differential

calculus including maxima and minima (examples related to maximally populated rotational energy levels, Bohr’s radius and most probable velocity from Maxwell’s distribution etc), Exact and inexact differentials with their applications to thermodynamic properties.

Integral calculus, basic rules for integration, integration by parts, partial fraction and substitution. partial differentiation, co-ordinate transformations.

Elementary Differential Equations Solutions of differential equations of first order by separation of variables Homogeneous,

Linear and Exact equations. Applications to chemical kinetics, quantum chemistry etc. Solutions of differential equations by the power series method. Fourier series, solutions of harmonic oscillator, The second order differential equations and their solutions.

Partial differential equation: introduction, formation of partial differential equation, solution of the partial differential equation, linear equation of the first order (Lagrange’s equation), non linear equation of the first order, Newton’s Raphson’s method.

Permutation, Probability and curve fittingPermutations and combinations, probability and probability theorems, probability curves,

average, root mean square and most probable errors, examples from the kinetic theory of gases etc., curve fitting (including least squares fit etc.) with a general polynomial fit.

Books Suggested

1. The Chemistry Mathematics Book, E. Stener, Oxford University Press.2. Mathematics for Chemistry, Doggett and Sucliffe, Longman.3. Mathematical Preparation for Physical Chemistry, F. Daniels, McGraw Hill.4. Chemical Mathematics, D.M. Hirst, Longman.5. Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry, J.R. Barrante, Prentice Hall.6. Basic Mathematics for Chemists, Tebbutt, Wiley.7. Differential equation, Schaum series, Tata McGraw Hill.8. Elements of Partial Differential Equation, I.N.Sneddom, Tata McGraw Hill..9. Vector Analysis, N Ch S N Iyengar, Anmol Publication Pvt Ltd.10. Advanced Engg. Mathematics, E Kreyszig, John Wiely & sons.

M.Sc. Chemistry I Semester Biosciences

Elective Course SCSE 007b Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3

Cell Structure and Functions

Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, intracellular organelles and their functions, comparison of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plant and animal cells. Overview of metabolism – catabolism and anabolism. ATP – the biological energy currency. Photosynthetic pigments, light & dark reactions, Biological N-fixation.

Carbohydrates Types of carbohydrates,Conformation of monosaccharides, structure and functions of

glycosides, deoxy sugars and myoinositol, N-acetylmuramic acid, sialic acid, disaccharides and polysaccharides. Structural polysaccharides – cellulose and chitin. Storage polysaccharides – starch and glycogen. Glycoproteins and glycolipids. Carbohydrate metabolism - Aerobic and anaerobic respiration Kreb’s cycle, glycolysis, glycogenesis and glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, Cori cycle.

Lipids

Fatty acids, essential fatty acids, structure and function of triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol, bile acids, prostaglandins. Properties of lipid aggregates-micelles, bilayers, liposomes and their possible biological functions. Biological membranes and their functions. Fluid mosaic model of membrane structure. Lipid metabolism --oxidation of fatty acids.

Proteins and Nucleic acid

Introduction, amino acids, peptide linkage: Levels of organization in proteins- Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary strctures, binding forces involved. Biological functions of proteins. Enzymes and their mechanism of action.

Purine and pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids, base pairing via H-bonding. Nucleotides and Nucleosides,Structure of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA), double helix model of DNA and forces responsible for holding it.

Books Suggested

1. Principles of Biochemistry, A.L. Lehninger, Worth Publishers. 2. Biochemistry, L. Stryer, W.H.F. Freeman.3. Biochemistry, J. David Rawn, Neil Patterson.4. Biochemistry, Voet and Voet, John Wiley.5. Outlines of Biochemistry, E.E.Conn and P.K. Stumpf, John Wiley.

M.Sc. Chemistry II Semester

Inorganic Chemistry-II


Electronic Spectra and Magnetic Properties of

Transition Metal ComplexesSpectroscopic ground states and the evaluation of energies of various J states of free ions,

splitting of S, P, D and F terms under octahedral and tetrahedral electrostatic potential, correlation, Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for transition metal complexes (d1-d9 states), calculations of Dq, B and parameters, charge transfer spectra of complexes (both metal to ligand and ligand to metal), spectroscopy method of assignment of absolute configuration in optically active metal chelates and their stereochemical information, anomalous magnetic moments, magnetic exchange coupling and spin crossover.

Metal-Ligand Equilibria in Solution

Stepwise and overall formation constants and their interaction, trends in stepwise constants, factors affecting the stability of metal complexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and ligand, chelate effect and its thermodynamic origin.

Reaction Mechanism of Transition Metal Complexes Energy profile of a reaction, reactivity of metal complexes, inert and labile complexes, kinetic

application of valence bond and crystal field theories, kinetics of octahedral substitution, acid hydrolysis, factors affecting acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, conjugate base mechanism, direct and indirect evidences in favour of conjugate mechanism, anation reactions, reactions without metal ligand bond cleavage. Substitution reaction in square planar complexes, the trans effect, mechanism of the substitution reactions. Redox reactions, electron transfer reactions, mechanism of one electron transfer reactions, outer sphere type reactions, cross reactions and Marcus-Hush theory, inner sphere type reactions.

Books Suggested

1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, F.A. Cotton and Wilkinson, John Wiley.2. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huheey, HarperCollins.3. Chemistry of the Elements, N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Pergamon.4. Magnetochemistry, R.L. Carlin, Springer Verlog.5. Magnatochemistry, A. Earnshaw.6. Inorganic chemistry, G. Wulf’sburg.7. Introduction to ligand fields, B.N. Figgis, Wiley Eastern.



Organic Chemistry-II

Core Course SCSC 012 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3 . Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution

The arenium ion mechanism, orientation and reactivity. The ortho/para ratio, ipso attack, orientation in other ring systems. Diazonium coupling, Vilsmeir reaction, Gattermann-Koch reaction.

Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution The SN

Ar, SN1, benzyne and SRN

1 mechanisms. Reactivity – effect of substrate structure, leaving group and attacking nucleophile. The von Richter, Sommelet-Hauser, and Smiles rearrangements.

Free Radical Reactions Types of free radical reactions, free radical substitution mechanism, mechanism at an

aromatic substrate, neighbouring group assistance. Reactivity in the attacking radicals. The effect of solvents on reactivity. Allylic halogenation (NBS), oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids, auto-oxidation, coupling of alkynes and arylation of aromatic compounds by diazonium salts. Sandmeyer reaction. Free radical rearrangement. Hunsdiecker reaction.

Addition to Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds Mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of addition reactions involving electrophilies,

nucleophiles and free radicals. Hydrogenation of double and triple bonds, hydrogenation of aromatic rings. Hydroboration. Michael reaction. Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation.

Elimination Reactions The E2, E1 and E1cB mechanisms. Orientation of the double bond. Reactivity – effects of

substrate structures, attacking base, the leaving group and the medium.

Addition to Carbon-Hetero Multiple Bonds Mechanism of metal hydride reduction of carbonyl compounds, acids and esters. Addition of

Grignard reagents, organozinc and organolithium reagents to carbonyl compounds. Wittig reaction. Mechanism of condensation reactions involving enolates – Aldol, Knoevenagel, Claisen, Mannich, Benzoin, Perkin and Stobbe reactions. Hydrolysis of esters and amides.

Pericyclic ReactionsMolecular orbital symmetry, Frontier orbitals of ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene and

allyl system. Classification of pericyclic reactions. Woodward-Hoffmann correlation diagrams. FMO and PMO approach. Electrocyclic reactions – conrotatory and disrotatory motions, 4n, 4n +2 and allyl systems. Cycloadditions – antarafacial and suprafacial additions, 4n and 4n+2 systems, 2+2 addition of ketenes. Sigmatropic rearrangements – suprafacial and antarafacial shifts of H, sigmatropic shifts involving carbon moieties, 3,3-and 5,5-sigmatropic rearrangements. Claisen, Cope and aza-Cope rearrangements. Ene reaction.

Books Suggested1. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanism and Structure, Jerry March, John Wiley.

2. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sundburg, Plenum.3. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, Longman.4. Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, C.K. Ingold, CBC Publisher & Distributors.5. Organic Chemistry, Morrison,Boyd and Bhattacharjee, Prentice-Hall.6. Pericyclic Reactions, S.M. Mukherji, Macmillan, India.7. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S.M. Mukherji and S.P. Singh, Macmillan.8. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reaction Mechanism, R Bruckner, Harcourt (India) Pvt. Ltd.


Physical Chemistry-II

Core Course SCSC 013 Chem 300345 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3

Quantum Chemistry

Introduction to Exact Quantum Mechanical ResultsHermition operators and their properties, commutation relations, postulates of quantum

mechanics, uncertainty principle, Schrodinger equation and its interpretation. Discussion of solutions of the Schrödinger equation to some model systems viz., particle in a box, simple harmonic oscillator, selection rules, expectation values, hydrogen atom and its complete solution, spherical harmonics as wave functions of rigid rotator, total wave functions of H-like atoms, shapes of atomic orbital.

Approximate MethodsThe linear variation principle, Perturbation theory (first order and non-degenerate).

Applications of variation method and perturbation theory to the Helium atom. Comparison of perturbation and variation methods.

Angular MomentumAngular momentum, generalized angular momentum, eigenfunctions for angular momentum,

eigenvalues of angular momentum.

Electronic Structure of AtomsElectronic configuration, Russell-Saunders terms and coupling schemes, Slater-Condon

parameters, term separation energies of the pn (n=2) configuration, term separation energies for the dn

(n=2) configurations, magnetic effects: spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman splitting, Introduction to the method of self consistent field, virial theorem. Born-Oppenheimer approximation, valance bond and molecular orbital approaches, their comparison and eigen value limit, electronic structure of diatomic and polyatomic molecules-an introductory treatment.

Chemical Dynamics

Methods of determining rate laws, collision theory of reaction rates, steric factor, activated complex theory, Arrhenius equation and the activated complex theory; ionic reactions, kinetic salt effects, steady state kinetics, kinetic and thermodynamic control of reactions, treatment of unimolecular reactions.Dynamic chain (hydrogen-bromine reaction, pyrolysis of acetaldehyde, decomposition of ethane), photochemical and oscillatory reactions, homogenous catalysis, kinetics of enzyme reactions. General features of fast reactions, study of fast reactions by flow method, relaxation method, flash photolysis and the nuclear magnetic resonance method, Dynamics of molecular motions, probing the transition state, dynamics of barrierless chemical reactions in solution, dynamics of unimolecular reactions (Lindemann – Hinshelwood and Rice - Ramsperger – Kassel - Marcus [RRKM] theories of unimolecular reactions).

Surface Chemistry

Adsorption: Surface tension, capillary action, pressure difference across curved surface (Laplace equation), vapour pressure of droplets (Kelvin equation), Gibbs adsorption isotherm estimation of surface area (BET equation), surface films on liquids (Electro-kinetic phenomenon), catalytic activity at surfaces.

Books Suggested 1 Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins, Oxford University Press.

2 Introductory Quantum Chemistry, A.K. Chandra, Tata McGraw Hill.

3 Quantum Chemistry, I.M. Levine, Prentice Hall.

4 Physical Chemistry, G.W. Castellan, Narosa. Publishers, New Delhi.

5 Quantum Mechanics, M.L. Strause, Prentice – Hall.

6 Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, Adamson, John Wiley & Sons.


Physical Chemistry Laboratory-I


1. Errors, types of errors, minimization of errors, error distribution curves, precision, accuracy and combination; statistical treatment for error analysis, student ‘t’ test, null hypothesis, rejection criteria, F& Q test; linear regression analysis, curve fitting.

Calibration of volumetric apparatus, burette, pipette and standard flask.2 To study the distribution of benzoic acid between benzene and water at room temperature

and show that benzoic acid dimerizes in benzene.

3. To investigate the adsorption of oxalic acid from aqueous solutions by activated charcoal and examine the validity of Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm.

4. To study the variation of viscosity of a liquid with composition of the mixture of liquids.

5 Determination of Molecular weight of a high polymer (say polystyrene) by viscosity method.

6 Determination of the equivalent conductance of strong electrolytes such as HCl, KCl, KNO3, AgNO3, and NaCl and the validity of Onsager equation.

7 Study conductometeric titration of (1)HCl / NaOH (2) CH3COOH / NaOH and comment on nature of graph .

8. Study conductometeric titration of (1)HCl / NH4OH (2) CH3COOH / NH4OH and comment on nature of graph

9. Determine the equivalent conductance, degree of dissociation and dissociation constant of acetic acid.

10. Determine the equivalent conductance at infinite dilution for acetic acid by applying Kohlrausch’s law of independent migration of ions.

11. To determine the strength of strong acid by titrating against strong base.12. To determine the strength of strong acid by titrating against weak base.13. To determine the strength of weak acid by titrating against strong base.14. Verification of the Lambert-Beer’s law using solutions such asK2Cr2O7, KMnO4,

coppur sulphate in water,I2

in CCl4.15. Determine the rate constant of hydrolysis of an ester such methyl acetate catalyzed by an

acid. Determine its energy of activation. 16. To determine specific and molecular rotation of an optically active substance.

Books Suggested

1. Practical Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pricherd, Longman.2. Practical Physical Chemistry, B.P. Levitt and Zindley’s, Longman.3. Practical Physical Chemistry, S.R. Palit and S.K. De, Science Book Agency.4. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R.C. Das and B. Behra, McGraw Hill.5. Experiments in Physical Chemistry, Shoemaker and Gailand McGraw Hill.


Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory -II

Core Course SCSC 015 Chem 3003 90 Hrs (6Hrs /week) Credits: 3 I Qualitative Analysis

(Ten unknown mixtures will be given containing four radicals out of which one must be an insoluble and one may be an acid radical and two metal ions).

(a) Less common metal ions – Tl, Mo, W, Ti, Zr, Th, V, U (two metal ions in cationic/anionic forms)

(b) Insolubles – oxides ((Al2O3, Cr2O3, SnO2, TiO2, SiO2), sulphates (PbSO4, BaSO4)

halides (AgCl, AgBr, AgI).

(c) Acid radicals CO32-, HCO3

-, SO32-, SO4

2-, CH3COO-,S2-, PO43-,NO3

-, NO2-, Cl-, Br-, I-, C2O4

2- etc.

II Quantitative Analysis

Separation of the metal ions and determination of any one of them using volumetric/ gravimetric methods:

Cu-Ni, Cu-Zn, Fe-Mg, Fe-Ni, Ag-Ni, Cu-Ba, Ag-Mg, Cu-Mg, Ag-Zn, Ag-Cu

III Spectrophotometric/Colorimetric Determinations

1. To determine the strength of Cu(II) and Fe(III) using EDTA.2. Titration of Fe(II) against potassium permanganate.3. To determine the concentration of nickel in given solution.4. To analyse the given mixture of Cu(II) and Bi(III).5. To determine simultaneously the As(III) and Sb(III) in the given mixture.6. To determine the concentration of phosphate, chloride and sulphate ions.

IV Chromatographic Separations

1. Thin- layer chromatography-separation of nickel, manganese, cobalt and zinc. Determination of Rf values.

2. Determination of composition of Cu(II) and Fe(III) solution using EDTA.=

Books Suggested

1. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, revised, J. Bassett, R. C. Denney, G.H. Jeffery and J. Mendham, ELBS.

2. Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds, W.L. Jolly, Prentice Hall.3. Inorganic Synthesis, Vol. 1-12, McGraw Hill.4. Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Marr and Rocket.

M. Sc. Chemistry II Semester

Analytical Chemistry-I

Elective Course SCSE 016 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3

Analytical chemistry forms the back bone for the research in academics as well as in industries. Analytical Chemistry is a measurement science consisting of set of powerful ideas and methods that are useful in all fields of Sciences. It is the investigation of the separation, detection, identification and quantification of atomic, molecular, and ionic species.

1. Introduction:

Analytical Chemistry and its interdisciplinary nature. Classification of analytical methods and Method selection. Sample preparation and processing. Steps involve in quantitative analysis. Importance of accuracy, precision and Standard Deviation, methods of expressing them. Sources of error in analytical measurements, Normal error curve and its equation, Propagation of error. Statistical test: test of significance, the F test, the student ‘t’ test, the chi-test, the correlation coefficient, confidence limit of the mean, comparison of two standard values, comparison of standard deviation with average deviation, comparison of mean with true values, significant figures, regression analysis (least-square method for linear plots), Concept of sensitivity and detection limit. Presentation of experimental data and results, from the point of view of significant figures. Use of computer in data analysis.

2. Introduction to Volumetric Method of Analysis

Primary and secondary standards. Preparation of standard solutions (concept of Molarity, Normality, Molality, Formality etc.) Visual method of detection of end point, theory of indicators and their classification. Classification of titration, theory of indicators and their selection: Neutralisation titration, Redox titrations, Complexometrie titrations, precipitation titrations etc. Concept of titration error and its determination/calculation.

3. Introduction to Gravimetric Analysis

Theory of Gravimetric Analysis: Estimations of metals and metal oxides, sulphates etc.

4. Modern Separation Methods:

Gas Chromatography: Theory and Instrumentation, Column types, Solid/Liquid Stationary phases, Column switching techniques, Basic and specialized detectors. Applications of the technique. High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Theory and instrumentation, Adsorption chromatography, Liquid-Liquid partition chromatography, Size exclusion, Ion pair separations, Applications of the technique. Electrophoresis: Separation by Adsorption-Affinity techniques, Affinity elution from Ion exchangers polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Isoelectric focusing, Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, capillary zone electrophoresis.5. Electro analytical Methods of Analysis.

Polarography: Principle and instrumentation of polarography using dropping mercury electrode, DME (advantages and disadvantages of DME). Concept of residual, migration and diffusion current. Importance of half – wave potential, E1/2. Ilkovic equation, qualitative and quantitative aspect of the technique. Principle and instrumentation using hanging dropping mercury electrode, HMDE.

(advantages and disadvantages of HMDE). Pulse polarography, differential pulse polarography, square wave polarography. Amperometric titrations: Principle, instrumentation and application of amperometric titration (chrono-amperometry and chrono-potentiometry). Coulometric Analysis: Principles of coulometric analysis, applications of coulometric methods of analysis. Instrumentations, coulometric titrations, advantages and limitations. Nanoscience: Synthesis of Nanomaterial by electrochemical deposition method, general applications of nanomaterial.

6. Role of Computers and Microprocessors in Analytical Chemistry:

Use of computer in data analysis. Computers and microprocessors: instrument – computer interfaces. The scope of microprocessor control to various laboratory instruments.

Books Recommended

1. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis by J. Menham, R.C. Denney, J.D. Barnes and M.J.K. Thomas, 6th Edn, Low Price Edn, Pearson Education Ltd, New Delhi (2000).

2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis by D.A. Skoog, F.J. Holler and T.A. Nieman, 5th Edn, ThomsonBrooks/Cole, Bangalore (2004).

3. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry by D.A. Skoog, D.M West, F.J. Holler and S.L. Crouch, 8th

Edn, Thomson Brooks/Cole, Bangalore (2004).

4. Analytical Chemistry by G.D. Christian, 6th Edn, John Wiley & Sons Inc, Singapore (2003).

5. Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry by F.W. Fifield and D. Kealey, 5th Edn, BlackwellScience Ltd, New Delhi (2004).

6. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry, Editor, F. Settle, Low Price Edn,Pearson Education Inc, New Delhi (2004).

7. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis by G.W. Ewing, 5th Edn, Mc-Graw Hill Singapore(1985).

8. Instrumental Methods of Analysis by H.H.Willard, l.L.Merritt, J. A. Dean & F. A. Seattle CBSPublishers & Distributors, New Delhi (1986).


General Polymer Chemistry


Basics Introduction, classification and nomenclature of polymers, polymerization: condensation, addition, radical chain-ionic, coordination-Ziegler-Natta catalytic mechanism and copolymerization. Polymerization condition and reactions: polymerization in homogenous and heterogeneous systems- bulk, solution, suspension and emulsion polymerization.

Polymer Characterization, Structure and Properties

Polydisperson-average molecular weight concept: number, weight and viscosity average molecular weights; practical significance of molecular weight, measurement of molecular weights by End group analysis, viscometry, light scattering and osmotic pressure methods.

Polymer dimensions- end to end distance, radius of gyration; criteria of polymer solubility, conformation of dissolved polymer chain, physical states (crystalline, amorphous, rubbry and glassy-introduction). Glass transition temperature and its importance.

Conducting Polymers

Introduction, classification, preparation and properties conducting polymers, electrically and electronically conducting polymers, factors affecting the conductivity of conducting polymers, electrochemical polymerization, doping of conducting polymers and its significance, important structure factors.

Polymer processing Introduction to - Extrusion, Injection molding, Blow molding, Compression molding and

Calendaring and applications of commercial polymers.

Books Suggested

1 Textbook of Polymer Science, F.W. Billmeyer (Jr), Wiley.2 Principles of Polymer Chemistry, P J Flory, Cornell University Press.3 Physical Chemistry of Polymers, A Tager, Mir Publishers, Moscow. 4 Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules, Tanford 5 Polymers: Chemistry & Physics of Modern materials, J.M.G. Cowie, Blackie Academic and

Professional.6 Plastic Materials, J.A. Brydson, Butter worth Heinemann.7 Principles of Polymerisation, G.Odian, John Willey.8 Fundamentals of Polymer Processing, S. Middleman..9 Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Viswanathan and J. Sreedhar, Wiley-Eastern.

10 Functional Monomers and Polymers, K. Takemoto, Y. Inaki and R.M. Otta

M.Sc. Chemistry III Semester Inorganic Chemistry-III


Alkyls and Aryls of Transition MetalsTypes, routes of synthesis, stability and decomposition pathways, organocopper in organic

synthesis.

Compounds of Transition Metal-Carbon Multiple Bonds

Alkylidenes, alkylidynes, low valent carbenes and carbynes- synthesis, nature of bond, structural characteristics, nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions on the ligands, role in organic synthesis.

Transition Metal -Complexes Transition metal -complexes with unsaturated organic molecules, alkenes, alkynes, allyl,

diene, cyclopentadienyl (nature of bonding of ferrocene, MO description and aromatic character), arene and trienyl complexes, preparations, properties, nature of bonding and structural features. Important reactions relating to nucleophilic and electrophilic attack on ligands and to organic synthesis.

Fluxional Organometallic Compounds

Fluxionality and dynamic equilibria in compounds such as 2- olefins, 3- allyl and dienyl complexes.

Homogeneous CatalysisStoichiometric reactions for catalysis, homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, Zeigler-Natta

polymerization of olefins, catalytic reactions involving carbon monoxide such as hydrocarbonylation of olefins (oxo reaction), oxopalladation reactions, activation of C-H bond.

Transition Metal Compounds with Bonds to HydrogenTransition metal compounds with bonds to hydrogen.

Books Suggested

1. Principles and Application of Organotransition Metal Chemistry, J.P. Collman, L.S. Hegsdus, J.R. Norton and R.G. Finke, University Science Books.

2. The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, R.H. Crabtree, John Wiley.3. Organometallic Chemistry, R.C. Mehrotra and A. Singh, New Age International.4. Organometallics, A. Salzer, Ch. Elschenbrioch.VCH Publications.

M.Sc. Chemistry III Semester) Organic Chemistry-111


Reagents in Organic SynthesisPrinciple, preparations, properties and applications of the following in organic synthesis with

mechanistic details – lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) dicyclohexylcarbodimide (DCC), 1,3-Dithiane (reactivity umpoloung), trimethylisilyl iodide, tri-n-butyltin hydride, Woodward and Prevost hydroxylation, DDQ, phase transfer catalysts (crown ethers and quaternary ammonium salts), Oxidation with Ruthenium tetraoxide, iodobenzene diacetate and thallium nitrate.

Rearrangements

A detailed study of the following rearrangements Demyanov, Favorskii, Arndt-Eistert synthesis, Neber, Baeyer-Villiger, Shapiro reaction, Hoffmann-Loffer-Fretag reaction, Chichibabin reaction. Disconnection Approach

An introduction to synthons and synthetic equivalents, disconnection approach, functional group inter-conversions, the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, one group C-X disconnections and two-group C-X disconnections, chemoselectivity, reversal of polarity, cyclisation reactions, amine synthesis.

Protecting Groups

Principles of protection of alcohol, amine, carbonyl and carboxyl groups. .

One Group C-C Disconnections Alcohols and carbonyl compounds, regioselectivity. Alkene synthesis, use of acetylenes and

aliphatic nitro compounds in organic synthesis.

Two Group C-C DisconnectionsDiels-Alder reaction, 1,3-difunctionalised compounds, ,-unsaturated carbonyl compounds,

control in carbonyl condensations, 1.5-difunctionalised compounds. Michael addition and Robinson annelation.

Books Suggested 1. Modern Synthetic Reactions, H.O. House, W.A. Benjamin.2. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis, W. Carruthers, Foundation Books.3. Advanced Organic Chemistry, Reactions Mechanisms and Structure, J. March, John Wiley.4. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon, Blackie Academic &

Professional.5. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part B, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sandburg, Plenum Press.6. Designing Organic Synthesis, S. Warren, Wiley. 7. Organic Synthesis- concept, Methods and Starting Materials, Fhrhop and Penzillin, Verlage VCH.8. New Horizons in Organic Synthesis, Nair V, New Age International.9. Reagents in Organic Synthesis, Fieser and Fieser, Wiley.

M.Sc. Chemistry III SemesterPhysical Chemistry-III



Quantum Chemistry

Simple MO theory effective Hamiltonian, Huckel theory of conjugated system, application to ethylene, butadiene, cyclopropenyl radial, cyclobutadiene, benzene etc. introduction to Extended Huckel theory.

Electron density distribution in a molecule, determination of its stability, geometry and reactivity. SCF theory, Born-Oppenheimer approximation, Hartree method, Hartree Fock method, Koopman’s theorem, Roothan’s equation, CNDO.

Group Theory

Elements of Group theory, point groups, theory of representation, reducible & irreducible representations, construction of character tables, (review of Great Orthogonality theorem) cyclic groups, SALC, Projection operators, Symmetry simplification of Huckel MO method taking Hydrocarbon naphthalene molecule as an example. Carbocyclic systems and MO calculation using symmetry group theoretical methods for (CH)n systems, Viz, C3H3

+, C4H4, C6H6, C8H8, tetra methylenecyclobutane symmetry control of electrocyclic reaction cycloaddition reactions, sigma tropic reaction.

Books Suggested

1. Quantum Chemistry, I.N. Levine, Prentice Hall of India2. Quantum Chemistry, A.K. Chandra, Tata McGraw Hill3. Chemical Application of Group Theory, F.A. Cotton Interscience.4. Methods in Molecular Orbital Theory, A.G. Turner, Prentice Hall of India5. Group Theory and Symmetry in Chemistry, L.H. Hall, McGraw Hill.6. Symmetry and Spectroscopy of Molecules, K.V. Reddy, New Age International.

M.Sc. Chemistry III Semester

Organic Chemistry Laboratory-II



I Quantitative AnalysisDetermination of the percentage or number of hydroxyl groups in organic compounds by acetylation method. Estimation of amines/phenols.

II Organic SynthesisPreparation of organic compounds involving two steps.

III Qualitative Analysis

Characterization of compounds with the help of chemical analysis and confirmation of their structures with the help of IR and PMR spectral data (IR & PMR spectra to be provided).

IV Spectrophotometric (UV/VIS) Identifications

Carbohydrates, ascorbic acid, amino acids, proteins, cholesterol, urea.

Books Suggested

1. Experiments in Organic Chemistry” L. F. Fieser O.C. Heath and Company Boston, 1955.2. Experiments and Techniques in Organic Chemistry, Pasto, Johnson and Miller, Prentice Hall.3. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments, K.L. Williamson, D.C. Heath.4. Systematic Qualitative Organic Analysis, H. Middleton, Adward Arnold.5. Handbook of Organic Analysis-Qualitative and Quantitative, H. Clark, Adward Arnold.6. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, A.R. Tatchell, John Wiley.7. Organic Spectroscopy, by William Kemp. John Wiley & Sons.8. A Guide to spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry’ by PAVY.


Physical Chemistry Laboratory-II


1. Prepare and test the calomel electrode.2. Titrate potentiometrically (1) HCl / NaOH (2) HCl / NH4OH.3. Titrate oxalic acid and sodium hydroxide potentiometrically.4. Titrate Mohr’s salt against KMnO4 potentiometrically and carry out the titration in

reverse order.5. Determine the velocity constant of hydrolysis of ethyl acetate using sodium hydroxide

solution.6. Study conductometric titration of (1) NH4Cl / NaOH (2) CH3COONa / HCl .And

comment on nature of graph. 7. Study conductometric titration of (1) MgSO4 / Ba(OH)2 (2) BaCl2 / K2SO4 .And comment

on nature of graph. 8. To study stepwise neutralization of polybasic acid i,e oxalic acid, citric acid, succinic acid

by conductometric titration and explain the variation in the graph..9. To determine the relative strength of two acids using conductometer.10. To determine the hydrolysis constant of aniline hydrochloride11. Find out the dissociation constant of weak acid.12. Determine the concentration of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4 in mixture of (K2Cr2O7 + KMnO4)

solution.13. Determine the concentration of Crystal violet and Aurine in mixture of (Crystal violet +

Aurine) solution.14. To determine the concentration of an optically active substance.15. To determine the percentage of two optically active substances in a given mixture.16. To determine the refractive index of some liquids.17. To determine the molar refractivity of CH3OH, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5 and CCl4 and

calculate the refractive equivalent of C, H and Cl atoms.18. Find out molar refractivity of benzene, toluene, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol etc. and –

CH2- group of homologous series.

More practical may be introduced based on polarography, spectrophotometry, chemical kinetics, conductometry, potentiometry, refractometry, etc.

Books Suggested

1. Practical Chemistry, A.M. James and F.E. Pricherd, Longman.2. Practical Physical Chemistry, B.P. Levitt and Findley’s, Longman.3. Practical Physical Chemistry, S.R. Palit and S.K. De, Science Book Agency.4. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R.C. Das and B. Behra, McGraw Hill.5. Experiments in Physical Chemistry, Shoemaker and Gailand McGraw Hill.


Analytical Chemistry-II (Analytical Techniques, Instrumentations and Applications)


I. Optical spectrometric methods:

o Atomic (AAS, AES and ICP etc.) o Electronic (UV and Visible) o Vibrational [Infra-red- (Dispersive and FTIR) and Raman- (laser Raman, Resonance

Raman and Surface enhanced Raman)])

II. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

III. Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy

IV. Electron Spectroscopic Techniques:

o X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)o Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)o Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS).

V. Electron Microscopic Techniques:

o Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)o Transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

VI. Hyphenated Techniques:

o SEM- EDXo TG-IRo Spectro – electrochemical techniques.

VII. Thermal Methods:

o TGAo DTAo DSC o Thermometric Titration

VIII. Diffraction Techniques:

o X-Ray Diffractiono Neutron Diffractiono Electron Diffraction.

Books Suggested

1 Modern Spectroscopy, J.M. Hollas, John Wiley.

2 Applied Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis Ed. H. Windawi and F.L. Ho, Wiley Interscience.

3 NMR, NQR, EPR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry, R.V. Parish, Ellis Harwood.

4 Physical Methods in Chemistry, R.S. Drago, Saunders College.

5 Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, McGraw Hill.

6 Basic Principles of Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, McGraw Hill.

1. Introduction to Photoelectron Spectroscopy, P.K. Ghosh, John Wiley.2. Fundamental of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog and West.3. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E.Huheey, Harper Collins.4. Application of X-ray crystallography, L.S.Dent Glasser, ELBS.12. Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy, C. N. Banwell, Tata Macgraw Hill.

Further details will be provided latter


Computational Chemistry

Elective Course SCSE 027 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3

Fortran/C Programming and numerical methodsAdvanced programming features of FORTRAN/C. Basic theory, discussion of algorithms and

errors for the following numerical methods, examples should be selected for illustrating the methods.

Solution of equations, linear simultaneous equations, eigenvalues and matrix diagonalization, interpolation, numerical differentiation, numerical integration

Running of advanced scientific packagesBrief introduction to the basic theory and methodology of advanced level scientific software

packages.

Introduction to networking and search using internet

Books suggested

1. Computational chemistry, A C Norris, John Wiley.2. Computer programming in FORTRAN, Rajaraman, Prentice Hall.3. Numerical analysis, C E Frogberg, McMillan.4. Numerical methods for scientists and engineers, H M Anita, Tata McGraw Hill.5.

M.Sc. Chemistry IV SemesterInorganic/Physical/Organic Chemistry



Spectroscopy & Photoinorganic Chemistry

Basics of Photochemistry Absorption, excitation, photochemical laws, quantum yield, electronically excited states-life

times-measurements of the times. Flash photolysis, stopped flow techniques. Energy dissipation by radiative and non radiative processes, absorption spectra, Franck – Condon principle, photochemical stages- primary and secondary processes. Excited States of Metal Complexes

Excited states of metal complexes: comparison with organic compounds, electronically excited states of metal complexes, charge-transfer spectra, charge transfer excitations, methods for obtaining charge-transfer spectra.

Ligand Field PhotochemistryPhotosubstitution, photooxidation and photoreduction, lability and selectivity, zero vibrational

levels of ground state and excited state, energy content of excited state, zero-zero spectroscopic energy, development of the equations for redox potentials of the excited states.

Vibrational SpectroscopySymmetry and shapes of AB2, AB3, AB4, AB5 and AB6, mode of bonding of ambidentate

ligands, ethylenediamine and diketonato complexes, application of resonance Raman spectroscopy particularly for the study of active sites of metalloproteins.

Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Hyperfine coupling, spin polarization for atoms and transition metal ions, spin-orbit coupling

and significance of g-tensors, application to transition metal complexes (having one unpaired electron) including biological systems and to inorganic free radicals such as PH4, F2 and [BH3

-].

Mossbauer Spectroscopy Basic principles, spectral parameters and spectrum display. Application of the technique to

the studies of (1) bonding and structures of Fe+2 and Fe+3 compounds including those of intermediate spin, (2) Sn+2 and Sn+4 compounds – nature M-L bond, coordination number, structure and (3) detection of oxidation state and inequivalent MB atoms.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Paramagnetic Substances in Solution The contact and pseudo contact shifts, factors affecting nuclear relaxation, some applications including biochemical systems, an overview of NMR of metal nuclides with emphasis on 195Pt and 119Sn NMR.

Books Suggested1. Concepts of Inorganic Photochemistry A.W. Adamson and P.D. Fieischauer, Wiley.2. Photochemistry of Coordination compounds, V. Balzari and V.Carassiti, Academic Press3. Elements of Inorganic Photochemistry, G.J. U Ferraudi, Wiley.4. Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, Ebsworth, Rankin and Cradock, ELBS.5. Infrared and Raman Spectra: Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, K. Nakamoto, Wiley. 6. Progress in Inorganic Chemistry vol., 8 ed., F.A. Cotton, Vol., 15, ed. S.J. Lippard, Wiley.

7 NMR, NQR, EPR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry, R.V. Parish, Ellis Horwood.

ORHeterocyclic and Natural Products Chemistry

Heterocyclic Chemistry

Aromatic Heterocycles General chemical behaviour of aromatic Heterocycles, classification (structural type), criteria

of aromaticity (bond length, ring current and chemical shifts in 1H NMR spectra, empirical resonance energy, delocalization energy and Dewar resonance energy.

Non-aromatic Heterocycles Strain-bond angle and torsional strain and their consequences in small ring Heterocycles.

Conformation of six-membered Heterocycles with reference to molecular geometry, barrier to ring inversion, pyramidal inversion and 1,3-diaxial interaction. Stereoelectronic effect-anomeric and related effects. Attractive interactions – hydrogen bonding and intermolecular nucleophilic – electrophilic interactions.

Heterocyclic synthesis (three, four and benzofused five membered) Three-membered and four-membered Heterocycles – synthesis and reactions of aziridines,

oxiranes, thiiranes, azetidines, oxetanes and thietanes. Synthesis and reactions of benzopyrroles, benzofurans and benzothiophenes.

Six-membered Heterocycles with one, two or more heteroatoms Synthesis and reactions of pyrylium salts and pyrones and their comparison with pyridinium

& thiopyrirylium salts and pyridones. Synthesis and reactions of quinolinizium and benzopyrylium salts.

Natural Products ChemistryTerpenoids and Carotenoids

Classification, nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, general methods of structure determination, isoprene rule. Stereochemistry, synthesis and biosynthesis of the following representative molecules: Citral, -Terpeneol, Farnesol, Santonin, Phytol and -carotene.

Alkaloids Definition, nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, general methods of structure elucidation,

degradation, classification based on nitrogen Heterocyclic ring. Stereochemistry, synthesis and biosynthesis of the following: Ephedrine, Nicotine, Atropine and Quinine.

Steroids Occurrence, nomenclature, basic skeleton, Diel’s hydrocarbon and stereochemistry. isolation

and synthesis of Cholesterol, Testorosterone, Progesterone Oestrone.

Books Suggested1. The chemistry of Heterocycles, T Eicher and S Hauptmann, Thieme.2. Heterocyclic Chemistry, J A Joule, ELBS.3. Heterocyclic Chemistry, T L Gilchrist, Longman Scientific Technical.4. Contemporary Heterocyclic Chemistry, G R Newkome and W W Paudler, Wiley-Iter Science.5. An Introduction to Heterocyclic Chemistry, R M Acheson, John Wiley.6. Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, A R Katritzky and C W Rees, eds. Pergamon Press.7. Natural products: Chemistry and Biological Significance, Mann, Davidson, Hobbs, Banthrope and

Harborne, Longman, Essex.8. Organic Chemistry, Vol. 2, I L Finar, ELBS.9. Rodd’s Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, Ed. S Coffey, Elsevier.10. Introduction to Flavonoids, B A Bohm, Harwood Academic Publishers.11. Chemistry, Atta-ur-Rahman and Choudhary, Harwood Academic Publishers.

OR

Thermodynamics & Surface Chemistry

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics Introduction to non equilibrium thermodynamics: Basic concept of entropy production and

uncompensated heat and their relation to various thermodynamic functions, Entropy production in closed and open systems (heat transfer process, flow of current, mixing of gases),entropy balance in continuous and discontinuous systems, Onsager theory and Reciprocal relations, transformation properties of fluxes and forces, coupled and uncoupled reactions and conditions, relaxation process, transport phenoena across membranes and under temprature gradients, thermochemical effects, Thermal osmosis, Electrokinetic effect, Thermomechanical and electrical effects phenomenological equations for energy release in biological reactions. Onsager’s formalism of non equilibrium thermodynamics for multicomponent diffusion-Fick’s law of diffusion, conductivity of electrolyte solutions, Onsager’s formalism for transport phenomenon in electrochemical systems.

Surface Chemistry

Physorption and Chemisorptions, Adsorption isotherms; Rate of surface process, adsorption and desorption; mobility on surfaces.Catalytic activity at surfaces: Adsorption and catalysis –Langmuir –Hinshulwood mechanism, The Eley-Rideal Mechanism, molecular beam studies.Example of catalysis – catalytic activity, hydrogenation, cracking and reforming

Fuel Cells and Batteries Theoretical consideration of fuel cells, maximum intrinsic efficiency, Hydrogen –Oxygen

cell, Hydrocarbon –Air cells, Natural gas and Carbon mono-oxide-Air cellsBattery characteristics specification, components, battery systems, Lead storage battery, Dry

cell, Silver-Zinc cell, Sodium –Sulphur cell and Ni-Cd battery.

Books Suggested

1 An Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics, R.P. Rastogi and R.R. Misra, Vikas Pub.

2 Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins, Oxford University Press.

3 Thermodynamics for Chemists, S. Glasstone, Affiliated East-West Press.

4 Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics-principles and applications, C.Kalidas and M.V.Sangaranarayanan, McMillan.

5. Electrochemistry-by Glasstone

6. Modern Electrochemistry vol.1 and vol II J.O.M.Bockris and A.K.N.Reddy, Plenum.

7. Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, Adamson, John Wiley and sons.

M.Sc. Chemistry IV SemesterInorganic/Physical/Organic Chemistry

Core Course SCSC 032 Chem 3003 45 Hrs (3Hrs /week)

Credits: 3Inorganic Polymer

IntroductionClassification of Inorganic Polymers, Degree of Polymerisation, determination of molecular weight.

Polyphosphazenes

Synthesis route and bonding features, ring opening mechanism for polyphosphazenes, structure property relationship, Preparation of organo/ organometallic substituted phosphazenes and their applications.

Polysilanes

Preparation and characterization of polysilanes, sigma bond delocalization in polysilanes & its implications, applications of polysilanes.

Polysiloxanes

Method of synthesis by anionic and cationic polymerization properties & environmental aspects, structural flexibility, analysis and testing of polysiloxanes, Industrial

& medical application of Polysiloxanes.

Dendritic macromolecules based on inorganic elements:

Classification, synthesis and application.

Co-ordination polymers

Classification, Synthesis & Applications.

Fibres

Carbon, Boron, Glass fibre synthesis, structural behavior and applications.

Books Suggested

1. Inorganic Polymer, James E. Mark.2. Text Book of Polymer Science, F.W. Billmeyer, Jr. Wiley-InterScience Pulications.3. Polymer Characterisation, B.J. Hunt and James I. Mark.4. Introduction to Macromolecular Science- Peter Munk.5. Introduction to Polymer Science, R.J.Young and P.A. Lovell.6. Polymer Synthesis (Vol. I-III), Starley R. Somdler and Wolfkaro.7. Polymer Science and Technology, Joel, R. Fried, Prentice, Hall of India, New Delhi.8. Principles of Polymer Chemistry, A. Ravve, Kluwer Academic Plenum Publishers.

OR

Medicinal Chemistry

Medicinal ChemistryDrug Design

Development of new drugs, concept of lead compounds and lead modifications, structure-activity relationship (SAR), factors affecting bioactivity, resonance, inductive effect, isosterism, bio-isosterism. Theories of drug activity: occupancy theory, rate theory, induced fit theory. Quantitative structure activity relationship, Concepts of drugs receptor, Elementary treatment of drug receptor interactions, Physico-chemical parameters: lipophilicity, partition coefficient, electronic ionization constants, steric factors.

Antineoplastic Agents Introduction, cancer chemotherapy, role of alkylating agents and antimetabolites in treatment

of cancer.Synthesis of mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, uracil and 6-mercapto purine,

Recent development in cancer chemotherapy. Antibiotics

Cell wall biosynthesis, inhibitors, -lactam rings, antibiotics inhibiting protein synthesis, Synthesis of penicillin G, amoxycillin, cephalosporin, ciprofloxacin. Introductory idea of tetracycline and streptomycin.

Cardiovascular DrugsIntroduction and general mode of action. Synthesis of ditiazem, verapamil, methyldopa and

atenolol.

Local Antiinfective DrugsIntroduction and general mode of action. Synthesis of furazolidone, naldixic acid, dapsone,

isoniazid, ethambutol, gluconazole, chloroquin and primaquin.

Psychoactive Drugs – The Chemotherapy of MindIntroduction, neurotransmitters, CNS depressants, general anaesthgetics, mode of action of

hypnotics, sedatives, anti-anxiety drugs, benzodiazopines, buspirone. Antipsychotic drugs – the neuroleptics, antidepressants, butyrophenones. Synthesis of diazepam, alprazolam, phenyltoin and glutethimide.

Books Suggested

1. An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, G L Patrick, Oxford University Press.2. Wilson and Gisvold’s Text Book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ed

Robert F Dorge.3. An Introduction to Drug Design, S.S. Pandeya and J.R. Dmmock, New Age International.4. Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Vol. 1, Ed. M E Wolff, John Wiley.5. The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action, R B Silverman, Academic Press.

OR

Physical Polymer Chemistry

Kinetics of polymerization: Introduction, Kinetics to step growth polymerization, free radical addition polymerization, ionic polymerization, copolymerization.

Polymer stereochemistry: Introduction, orientation, configuration, geometric isomerism, conformation of stereoregular polymers, factors affecting stereo regulation, homogenous stereoselective and stereospecific cationic and anionic polymerizations.

Polymer dimensions & solutions :Average chain dimensions, freely jointed chain model, statistical distribution of end to end dimensions, chain stiffness, short range effects. Polymer in solutions: thermodynamics of polymer solution, non ideal solutions, Flory-Huggins theory, enthalpy change of mixing and free energy change of mixing, phase equilibria, fractionation, Flory-Krigbaum theory, theta temperature, lower critical solution temperatures.

Polymer structure and properties Crystalline state: introduction, mechanism of crystallization, melting, thermodynamic parameters, crystalline arrangement of polymers, morphology,.Amorphous state: molecular motion, viscoelastic behaviour, effect of chain length, rubbry state and elastomeric state, glass transition temperature and factor effecting it.Mechanical Properties: viscoelastic state, mechanical properties, mechanical models describing viscoelasticity. Rheology: fundamentals of rheology and its applications to polymer processing, effects on temperature, pressure and molecular weight on viscous flow properties, elastic effects in polymer melts.Nanocomposite – introduction, properties and applications

Books Suggested

1 Textbook of Polymer Science, F.W. Billmeyer (Jr), Wiley.2 Principles of Polymer Chemistry, P J Flory, Cornell University Press.3 Physical Chemistry of Polymers, A Tager, Mir Publishers, Moscow. 4 Physical Chemistry of Macromolecules, Tanford 5 Polymers: Chemistry & Physics of Modern materials, J.M.G. Cowie, Blackie Academic and

Professional.6 Plastic Materials, J.A. Brydson, Butter worth Heinemann.7 Principles of Polymerisation, G.Odian, John Willey.8 Fundamentals of Polymer Processing, S. Middleman..9 Polymer Science, V.R. Gowariker, N.V. Viswanathan and J. Sreedhar, Wiley-Eastern.10 Functional Monomers and Polymers, K. Takemoto, Y. Inaki and R.M. Otta

M.Sc. Chemistry IV Semester


Bioinorganic Chemistry

Metal ions in Biological Systems and Na+/K+ Pump Essential and trace metals. Role of metals ions in biological processes.

Bioenergetics and ATP Cycle DNA polymerisation, glucose storage, metal complexes in transmission of energy;

chlorophylls, photosystem I and photosystem II in cleavage of water. Model systems.

Nitrogenase Biological nitrogen fixation, molybdenum nitrogenase, spectroscopic and other evidence,

other nitrogenases model systems.

Transport and Storage of DioxygenHeme proteins and oxygen uptake, structure and function of hemoglobin, myoglobin,

hemocyanins and hemerythrin, model synthetic complexes of iron, cobalt and copper.

Electron Transfer in Biology Structure and function of metalloproteins in electron transport processes – cytochromes and

ion-sulphur proteins, synthetic models.

MettaloenzymesZinc enzymes- carboxypeptidase and carbonic anhydrase. Iron enzymes- catalase, peroxidase

and cytochrome P-450. Copper enzymes- superoxide dismutase. Molybednum oxatransferase enzymes- xanthine oxidase. Coenzyme vitamin B12

Metal storage Transport and BiomineralizationFerritin, transferrine and siderophores.

Books Suggested:

1. Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, S.J. Lippard and J.M. Berg, University Science Books.2. Bioinorganic Chemistry, I. Bertini, H.B. Gray, S.J. Lippard and J.S. Valentne, University Science

Books.

ORBioorganic Chemistry

EnzymesIntroduction and historical perspective, chemical and biological catalysis, remarkable

properties of enzymes like catalytic power, specificity and regulation. Nomenclature and classification (suitable examples of reactions), extraction and purification. Fischer’s lock and key and Koshland’s induced fit hypothesis, concept and identification of active site by the use of inhibitors, affinity labeling. Enzyme kinetics, reversible and irreversible inhibition.

Mechanism of Enzyme Action Transition-state theory, orientation and steric effect, acid-base catalysis, covalent catalysis,

strain or distortion. Examples of some typical enzyme mechanisms for chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase A.

Biotechnological Applications of Enzymes Large-scale production and purification of enzymes, techniques and methods of

immobilization of enzymes, effect of immobilization on enzyme activity, application of immobilized enzymes.

Books Suggested

1. Understanding Enzymes, Trevor Palmer, Prentice Hall.2. Enzyme Chemistry: Impact and Applications, Ed. Collin J. Suckling, Chapman and Hall.3. Enzyme Mechanisms Ed, M. I. Page and A. Williams, Royal Society of Chemistry.4. Immobilized Enzymes : An Introduction and Applications in Biotechnology, M D. Trevan,

John Wiley. 5. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, C. Walsh, W. H. Freeman. 6. Biochemistry : The Chemical Reactions of Living Cells, D.E. Metzler, Academic Press.7. Bioorganic Chemistry, Bertini G and Lippard V, VIVA Low Priced Student Edition.

OR

Bio-Physical Chemistry

Biological Cell and its Constituents: Biological cell, structure and functions of proteins, enzymes, DNA and RNA in living systems. Helix coil transition.

Bioenergetics: Standard free energy change in biochemical reactions, exergonic, endergonic. Hydrolysis of ATP, synthesis of ATP from ADP.

Statistical Mechanics in Biopolymers: Chain configuration of macromolecules, statistical distribution end-to-end dimensions, calculation of average dimensions for various chain structures. Polypeptide and protein structures, introduction to protein folding problem.

Biopolymer Interactions: Forces involved in biopolymer interactions. Electrostatic charges and molecular expansion, hydrophobic forces, dispersion force dispersion force interactions. Multiple equilibrium and various types of binding processes in biological systems. Hydrogen ion titration curves.

Thermodynamics of Biopolymer Solutions: Thermodynamics of biopolymer solutions, osmotic pressure, membrane equilibrium, muscular contraction and energy generation in mechanochemical nerve conduction.

Cell Membrane and Transport of Ions: Structure and functions of cell membrane, ion transport through cell membrane, irreversible thermodynamics treatment of membrane transport. Nerve conduction.

Biopolymers and their Molecular Weights: Evaluation of size, shape, molecular weight and extent of hydration of biopolymers by various experimental techniques. Sedimentation equilibrium, hydrodynamic methods, diffusion, sedimentation velocity, viscosity, electrophoresis and rotational motions.

Books Suggested

1. Biochemistry, L. Stryer, W.H.Freeman.2. Biochemistry, J. David Rawn, Neil Patterson.3. Biochemistry, Voet and Voet, John Wiley.4. Outlines of Biochemistry, E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf, John Wiley.5. Bioorganic Chemistry: A Chemical Approach to Enzyme Action, H. Dugas and C. Penny,

Springer-Verlag.

M.Sc. Chemistry IV SemesterProject Work

Core Course SCSC 034 Chem 3003180 Hrs (12Hrs /week) Credits: 6

The topic for the project work is to be decided by the supervisor/guide concerned. The project report is to be submitted within six month of the date of start of fourth semester. The project report is to be evaluated by a committee constituted by the Head, Department of Chemistry/School of Chemical Sciences having at least one external member.

M.Sc. Chemistry IV SemesterApplications of Spectroscopy

Elective Course SCSE 035 Chem 300345 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3

Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy

Various electronic transitions, Beer-Lambert law, visible spectrum & colour, effect of solvent on electronic transitions, ultraviolet bands for carbonyl compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, dienes, conjugated polyenes. Fieser-Woodward rules for conjugated dienes and carbonyl compounds, ultraviolet spectra of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds.

Infrared Spectroscopy Instrumentation and sample handling. Characteristic vibrational frequencies of alkanes,

alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ethers, phenols and amines. Detailed study of vibrational frequencies of carbonyl compounds (ketones, aldehydes, esters, amides, acids, anhydrides, lactones, lactams and conjugated carbonyl compounds). Effect of hydrogen bonding and solvent effect on vibrational frequencies, overtones, combination bands and Fermi resonance.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy General introduction and definition, chemical shift, spin-spin interaction, shielding and

deshielding mechanism, chemical shift values and correlation for protons bonded to carbon (aliphatic, olefinic, aldehydic and aromatic) and other nuclei (alcohols, phenols, enols, carboxylic acids, amines, amides & mercapto), chemical exchange, effect of deuteration, complex spin-spin interaction between two, three, four and five nuclei (first order spectra), virtual coupling. Stereochemistry, hindred rotation, Karplus curve-variation of coupling constant with dihedral angle. Simplification of complex spectra, nuclear magnetic double resonance, contact shift reagents. Fourier transform technique, nuclear Overhauser effect (nOe). Resonance of other nuclei-F, P.

Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy General considerations, chemical shift (aliphatic, olefinic, alkyne, aromatic, heteroarmatic

and carbonyl carbon), coupling constants and DEPT 13C NMR spectra. General introduction to two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy - COSY, HETCOR, INADEQUATE and NOESY.

Mass Spectrometry

Introduction, ion production – EI, CI, FD and FAB, factors affecting fragmentation, ion analysis, ion abundance. Mass spectral fragmentation of organic compounds, common functional groups, molecular ion peak, metastable peak, McLafferty rearrangement. Nitrogen rule. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).

Combined problems relating to structure elucidation by UV, IR, NMR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry.

Books Suggested1. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, Silverstein, Bassler and TMorrill, John

Wiley.2. Introduction to NMR Spectroscopy, R.J. Abraham, J. Fisher and P. Loftus, Wiley.3. Application of Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, J.R. Dyer, Prentice Hall.4. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Williams, I. Fleming, Tata McGraw-Hill.5. Organic Chemistry, William Kemp, John Wiley.6. Organic Spectroscopy, Jag Mohan, Narosa Publishers, New Delhi

M.Sc. Chemistry IV SemesterMaterial Chemistry

Elective Course SCSE 036 Chem 300345 Hrs (3Hrs /week) Credits: 3

Nano Materials Composites and organic solids

Nano scale Regime, gas phase clusters,condensed phase,Nanoparticles,Classification of nanomaterials. Methods of prepreparation.Top to down and Bottom up approach, Reduction of metal ions, Zeolite and inverse micelles and co-precipitation methods. Composite materials: Introduction, types of fillers and matrix, classification of composite materials based on distribution and nature of fillers. Particlate and fibrous metal/non-metal composites, polymer nanocomposites and their applications. Organic solids, electron transfer conductors(conducting polymers) electron transfer salt based one and two dimensional organic conductors. Fullerenes and their applications

Glasses, ceramics and Semiconductors

Glassy state, glass formers and glass modifiers, apppliocations. Ceramic structures, mechanical properties, clay products. Refractories characterizations, properties and applications.

Microscopic composites; dispersion-strengthened and particle-reinforced, fibre-reinforced composites, macroscopic composites, nanocrystalline phase, preparation procedures, special properties, applications. Band structures of insulators and semiconductors. Intrinsic semiconductors, hole formation in intrinsic semiconductors. Extrinsic semiconductors, p&n-type semiconductors. Concept of donar and acceptor lebvel, Fermi energy levels of carriers in intrinsic donar and extrinsic semiconductors.

Thin films and Langmuir-Blodgett films

Preparation, techniques, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film, growth techniques, photolithography, properties and applications of thin and LB films.

Liquid crystals

Mesmorphic behavior, thermotropic liquid crystals, positional order, bond orientational order, nematic and smectic mesophases, smectic-nematic transition and clearing temperature-homeotropic, planar and schlieren textures, twisted nematics, chiral nematics, molecular rearrangement in smectic A and smectic C phases, optical properties of liquid crystals, dielectric susceptibility and dielectric constants, lyotropic phases and their description of ordering in liquid crystals.

High Tc materials

Defect perovskites, high Tc superconductivity in cuprates, preparation and characterization od 1-2-3 and 2-1-4 materails, normal state properties; anisotropy; temperature dependence of electrical resistance; optical phonon modes, superconducting state; heat capacity; coherence length, elastic constants, position lifetimes, microwave absorption-pairing and multigap structure in high Tc materials, applications.

Corrosion: Introduction, cost of corrosion, units and conversion rate expression. Modern theory of corrosion, electro-chemical reactions, free energy, cell potential, EMF series. Corrosion kinectics (Electrode Kinetics) exchange current density, activation and concentration polarization, mixed potential theory. Potentiostat Techniques for corrosion rate measurements: Tafel extrapolation and linear polarizations

Books suggested

1. Material science and engineering, an introduction, Callister, Wiley2. Principles of the solid states, Keer, Wiley Eastern.3. Thermotropic liquid crystals, Ed, Gray, John Wiley4. Material science, Anderson, Leaver, Alexander and Rawlings, ELBS5. Corrosion Science and engineering. Mars and Fontana.6. Chemistry of Advanced Materials by Leonard V. Interrante, Mark J. Hampden –Smith. Wiley-

VCH.

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cuh.ac.incuh.ac.in/admin/uploads/pdf/0M.Sc._Cem… · Web view · 2014-07-03Determination of the amount of bleaching powder required to disinfect a water sample by Horrock’s