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CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
David R. MaidmentCenter for Research in Water Resources
University of Texas at Austin
and Ilya Zaslavsky, David Tarboton and Michael Piasecki
CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
• Introduction to CUAHSI HIS
• WaterOneFlow web services
• Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system
CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
• Introduction to CUAHSI HIS
• WaterOneFlow web services
• Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system
Continental Water Dynamics
How do the water environment and the solid earth interact?
GEON describes structure of the solid earth
Ocean Sciences
CUAHSI-Hydrologic Information Systems
• CUAHSI – Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc
• Formed in 2001 as a legal entity
• Program office in Washington (5 staff)
• Supported by the National Science Foundation
Earth Sciences
AtmosphericSciences
NSF Geosciences Directorate
UCAR
CUAHSI
Unidata
HIS
CUAHSI Member Institutions
109 Universities as of July 2006
DataHypotheses
Needs
Tools
Data
Models
Exogenous DataTechnological
Advances
CommunitySupport
Multi-DisciplinaryTeams
HydrologicSynthesis
HydrologicObservatories
MeasurementTechnology
HydrologicInformation
Systems
CommunitySupport
AdditionalHypotheses
CUAHSI Program Components
CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
• Introduction to CUAHSI HIS
• WaterOneFlow web services
• Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system
Rainfall & SnowWater quantity
and quality
Remote sensing
Water Data
Modeling Meteorology
Soil water
Water Data Web Sites
NWISWeb site output# agency_cd Agency Code# site_no USGS station number# dv_dt date of daily mean streamflow# dv_va daily mean streamflow value, in cubic-feet per-second# dv_cd daily mean streamflow value qualification code## Sites in this file include:# USGS 02087500 NEUSE RIVER NEAR CLAYTON, NC#agency_cd site_no dv_dt dv_va dv_cdUSGS 02087500 2003-09-01 1190USGS 02087500 2003-09-02 649USGS 02087500 2003-09-03 525USGS 02087500 2003-09-04 486USGS 02087500 2003-09-05 733USGS 02087500 2003-09-06 585USGS 02087500 2003-09-07 485USGS 02087500 2003-09-08 463USGS 02087500 2003-09-09 673USGS 02087500 2003-09-10 517USGS 02087500 2003-09-11 454
Time series of streamflow at a gaging station
CUAHSI Hydrologic Data Access System
A common data window for accessing, viewing and downloading hydrologic information
USGSUSGS
NASANASANCDCNCDCEPAEPA NWSNWS
Observatory DataObservatory Data
http://river.sdsc.edu/HDAS
Observation Stations
Ameriflux Towers (NASA & DOE) NOAA Automated Surface Observing System
USGS National Water Information System NOAA Climate Reference Network
Map for the US
NWIS Station Observation Metadata
Describe what has been measured at this station
Web Page Scraping
ProgrammaticallyProgrammatically construct a construct a URL string as produced by URL string as produced by manual usemanual use of the web page of the web page
http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/discharge?site_no=02087500&agency_cd=USGS&....http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/discharge?site_no=02087500&agency_cd=USGS&....
ParseParse the resulting ASCII file the resulting ASCII file
CUAHSI Web Services
Web ServicesLibrary
Web Application: Data Portal
Your application• Excel, ArcGIS, Matlab• Fortran, C/C++, Visual Basic• Hydrologic model• …………….
Your operating system• Windows, Unix, Linux, Mac
Internet Simple Object Access Protocol
Series and FieldsFeatures
Point, line, area, volumeDiscrete space representation
Series – ordered sequence of numbersTime series – indexed by time
Frequency series – indexed by frequency
Surfaces Fields – multidimensional arrays
Scalar fields – single value at each locationVector fields – magnitude and direction Random fields – probability distribution
Continuous space representation
mm / 3 hours
Precipitation Evaporation
North American Regional Reanalysis of Climate
Variation during the day, July 2003
NetCDF format
NWISNWIS
ArcGISArcGIS
ExcelExcel
NCARNCAR
UnidataUnidata
NASANASAStoretStoret
NCDCNCDC
AmerifluxAmeriflux
MatlabMatlab
AccessAccess JavaJava
FortranFortran
Visual BasicVisual Basic
C/C++C/C++
Some operational services
CUAHSI Web ServicesCUAHSI Web Services
Data SourcesData Sources
ApplicationsApplications
Extract
Transform
Load
http://www.cuahsi.org/his/
Operational Services
Service Ameriflux Daymet MODIS NWIS NAM
GetSites Yes
GetSiteInfo Yes Yes
GetVariables Yes Yes
GetVariableInfo Yes Yes
GetValues Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
GetChart Yes Yes
CUAHSI Observations Data Model (ODM)
Stores localobservationaldata and metadataabout remote data sources
Water OneFlow• Like Geospatial OneStop, we need a “Water
OneFlow” – a common window for water data and models
• Advancement of water science is critically dependent on integration of water information
Federal
AcademicLocal
State
CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems
• Introduction to CUAHSI HIS
• WaterOneFlow web services
• Open MI hydrologic model interfacing system
• Project sponsored by the European Commission to promote integration of water models
• Software standards for model linking
• Uses model core as an “engine”
• http://www.openMI.org
OpenMI – Links Data and Simulation Models
CUAHSI Observations Data Model as an OpenMI component
Simple River Model
Trigger (identifies what value should be calculated)
Typical model architectureApplication
User interface + engineEngine
Simulates a process – flow in a channelAccepts inputProvides output
ModelAn engine set up to represent a particular location e.g. a reach of the Thames
Engine
Output data
Input data
Model application
Run
Write
Write
Read
User interface
Accepts Provides
Rainfall
(mm)
Runoff
(m3/s)
Temperature
(Deg C)
Evaporation
(mm)
Accepts Provides
Upstream Inflow
(m3/s)
Outflow
(m3/s)
Lateral inflow
(m3/s)
Abstractions
(m3/s)
Discharges
(m3/s)
River Model
Linking modelled quantities
Rainfall Runoff Model
Data transfer at run time
Rainfall runoff
Output data
Input data
User interface
River
Output data
Input data
User interface
GetValues(..)
Models for the processes
River(InfoWorks RS)
Rainfall(database)
Sewer(Mouse)
RR(Sobek-Rainfall
-Runoff)
Data exchange3 Rainfall.GetValues
River(InfoWorks-RS)
Rainfall(database)
Sewer(Mouse)
2 RR.GetValues
7 RR.GetValues
RR(Sobek-Rainfall
-Runoff)
1 Trigger.GetValues
6 Sewer.GetValues
call
data
4
5 8
9
Conclusions
• CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System synthesizes water data and models
• WaterOneFlow web services provide a common data window on water observational data from many sources
• The observational data can be linked to simulation models using the OpenMI model interfacing system
