CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb 1 Presentation to Atlantic Greenfuels Workshop January 15, 2014

CTI BiofuelsCTI Biofuels

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BioFueling the Future…

Non-Confidential


CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb

Presentation to

Atlantic Greenfuels WorkshopApril 10, 2023

Jatropha in AbsentiaJatropha in AbsentiaKevin P. Reilly– CTI Biofuels, Pittsburgh, PA201 E. Carson Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219

+001 412.268.1000


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CTI Biofuels is a privately owned company with offices located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

In cooperation with the Center for Advanced Fuel Technology at Carnegie Mellon University, CTIB has co-developed proprietary technology for the production of Biodiesel. The company sells pre-assembled modular biodiesel factories and forms joint venture partnerships to produce biodiesel. It also has technology to produce Bio-Jet Fuel, Bio-Gasoline and Green Diesel from renewable feedstocks.


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Jatropha Curcas

Seed oil plant

Grows in Tropical Climates

Yields about 1.6 Tonnes per Hectare of oil similar to Rape Seed Oil

Related to Cassava, Castor Bean, Sparge (it grows like a weed)


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Growing Conditions

Temp Range Min 15C Max 35 COptimum Temp 20-26 CRain 625 mm/yr (300 – 2380 mm/yr)pH 5.0 – 6.5Soil Rocky, Sandy or Clay

Well drained without floodingAdapts to many soil types even salty soil


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Jatropha Oil Jatropha Biodiesel


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What to do with the Jatropha oil

Jatropha oil is toxic…..????

Used as a medicine for topical treatment on skin

Lamp oil

Biofuel feedstock – Biodiesel, Bio-Jet Fuel, Bio-Gasoline, Green Diesel

The Japanese forced the Indonesians to grow Jatropha to produce oil for the Japanese war effort during World War II. Indonesia has excellent experience in growing Jatropha but in general doesn’t publish much about it.


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What CTI Biofuels is doing with JatrophaStarting Plantations in Indonesia and Africa

Why?

Vertically integrate Biofuel business by owning feedstock production

Provide jobs for many third world areas

Produce locally sustainable fuel in third world areas

Use sustainable agriculture to reduce CO2

Produce profit from presently fallow or under-producing land


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CTIB NonConf 062906-sbbIndonesia


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Indonesian Plans

Plant 2 million Hectares of previously timbered plantations

80,000 hectares acquired

Planting schedule 3000 hectares per month

2500 plants per hectare, 2 m centers (Irrigation addition)

50,000 Hectares requires 5000 people to operate

40 Hectare seed plantation

200 Hectare shaded nursery

Biofuel production to meet local needs

Seed oil production to meet International needs


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Jatropha Propagation

Heat treated seeds in planting mix

Shoots planted in planting mix

Grafting (not our plan)

Cutting apical dominance

Mechanical planters


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Oil Producing Crops

Plant Latin name

Kg Oil/Hectare Plant Latin Name

Kg Oil/Hectare

corn Zea mays 145 tung oil tree Aleurites fordii 790

cashew nut Anacardium occidentale 148 sunflower Helianthus annuus 800

oat Avena sativa 183 cocoa Theobroma cacao 863

palm Erythea salvadorensis 189 peanut Arachis hypogaea 890

lupine Lupinus albus 195 opium poppy Papaver somniferum 978

rubber seed Hevea brasiliensis 217 rapeseed Brassica napus 1,000

kenaf Hibiscus cannabinus L. 230 olive tree Olea europaea 1,019

calendula Calendula officinalis 256 paiassava Attalea funifera 1,112

cotton Gossypium hirsutum 273 gopher plant Euphorbia lathyris 1,119

hemp Cannabis sativa 305 castor bean Ricinus communis 1,188

soybean Glycine max 375 bacuri Platonia insignis 1,197

coffee Coffea arabica 386 pecan Carya illinoensis 1,505

linseed Linum usitatissimum 402 jojoba Simmondsia chinensis 1,528

hazelnut Corylus avellana 405 babassu palm Orbignya martiana 1,541

euphorbia Euphorbia lagascae 440 jatropha Jatropha curcas 1,590

pumpkin seed Cucurbita pepo 449 macadamia nut Macadamia terniflora 1,887

coriander Coriandrum sativum 450 brazil nut Bertholletia excelsa 2,010mustard Brassica alba 481 avocado Persea americana 2,217

camelina Camelina sativa 490 coconut Cocos nucifera 2,260

sesame Sesamum indicum 585 oiticia Licania rigida 2,520

crambe Crambe abyssinica 589 buriti palm Mauritia flexuosa 2,743

safflower Carthamus tinctorius 655 pequi Caryocar brasiliense 3,142

buffalo gourd Cucurbita foetidissima 665 macauba palm Acrocomia aculeata 3,775

rice Oriza sativa L. 696 oil palm Elaeis guineensis 5,000

Tickell, Joshua. 2000. From the Fryer to the Fuel Tank

Some of the more popular oil feedstocks are listed in this chart. The oils at the end have higher yield but require more effort to harvest and extract…


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Jatropha Plantation Yields

1.6 Tonnes per Hectare is world standard

2.7-4.3 Tonnes per Hectare is present Indonesian standard (Shhhhhhhh!)

A 50,000 hectare plantation will yield 80,000 tonnes per year of oil (24 million gallons which is $36 million revenue per year (Jatropha trees can last 50 years)


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Unit Conversions

1 Square Mile = 259 Hectares

50,000 Hectares = 19 Square Miles

1 Tonne = approx 300 gallons biodiesel

1 Kg = 2.2 pounds

1 Ha = 2.5 Acres


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Fuel from seed oil:Biodiesel - Transesterification, Esterification, Super Critical MeOH

Bio-Jet Fuel – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking

Bio-Gasoline – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking

Green Diesel – Direct Conversion through Hydrotreating/HydroCracking


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Wash, Rinse, Repeat!


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Africa

50,000 Hectares to start

1 Million Hectares target


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CTI Biofuels offers:

•Joint Ventures

•Direct Factory Sales

•Production/Operations Management Services•Day to day operations management•Logistics including biodiesel sales and feedstock procurement

CTI BIOFUELSCTI BIOFUELS


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Conclusion:Jatropha is a viable feedstock for environmental, economic and social reasons

Jatropha plantations although used in WWII are just re-starting

Indonesia has a large knowledge base

CTI Biofuels is starting plantations in Indonesia and Africa with other Tropical areas to follow

Other oil feedstock may eventual supplant Jatropha but they are years away


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Documents

CTI Biofuels BioFueling the Future… Non-Confidential CTI Biofuels CTIB NonConf 062906-sbb 1 Presentation to Atlantic Greenfuels Workshop January 15, 2014