CTA Annual Report 2011

A yeAr of renewAlA n n u A l r e p o r t 2 0 1 1

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Adding value to agriculture and rural

development in African, Caribbean and

the Pacific countries…”

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Message from the DirectorPage 05

CTA’s new results-oriented strategyPage 07

ResourcesPage 30

Impact storiesPage 34

CHAPTER 1AgRiCulTuRAl PoliCiEs• Shaping climate change policy• A new lease of life for agricultural extension?

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CHAPTER 2MARkETs And vAluE CHAins• Making the most of markets• Standing out from the crowd

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CHAPTER 3knowlEdgE MAnAgEMEnT• Opening the archives• Knowledge matters

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CHAPTER 4iCT’s foR dEv• A call for action• Listening to farmers

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Table of content

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Getting to grips with computers and the Internet. Students at a primary school in Uganda.

Research plays a vital role in improving agricultural productivity.

CTA has expanded its work on agricultural value chains. Processing pineapples in Ghana.

CTA helped to organise Agriculture and Rural Development Day at the UN climate-change conference in Durban.

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We reduced the number of programmes from twelve to two, esta-blished a new monitoring and evaluation unit, and began recruiting staff to put our results-oriented strategy into action.

We are now placing a much stronger emphasis on creating strate-gic partnerships with regional policymaking organisations, farmers’ groups and others who work for the benefit of rural communities in Africa, the Caribbean and Pacific countries. To give just one exam-

ple, we have sought to align our operations more closely with those of the New Par-tnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) and the Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme that NEPAD coordinates.

We have also become more proactive at leveraging our limited resources. For example, we organised the largest-ever conference on agricultural extension, held in Nairobi in November in collaboration with almost 20 other organisations.

By establishing partnerships such as these both globally and locally we are now in a better position to achieve our strategic objectives of advancing agricultural policies and strategies, strengthening smallholder value chains and building the knowledge management capacities of ACP institutions and networks.

Michael Hailu

A YEAR OF RENEWAL For CTA, 2011 was a year of renewal. Following the approval of the 2011–2015 strategic plan at the beginning of the year, we undertook important steps to realign our programmes and operations to our strategic objectives.

MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR

wRiTTEn byCharlie Pye-Smith

CTA EdiToRiAl TEAMThierry DoudetStéphane GambierArmelle Degrave

gRAPHiC dEsignStéphanie Leroy

TRAnslATionMarie Deblonde

PRoofREAdingJacques BodichonJacqueline Cessou

PRinTEd byPURE IMPRESSION

CTA 2012 - isbn 978-92-9081-492-4

� 2011 HigHligHts

#1 AGRICulTuRAl pOlICIES

The new strategy for 2011-2015

will enable CTA to focus on the critical issues

facing ACP agriculture, and to marshal

its efforts through knowledge-sharing,

networking and capacity-building.”

kEy figuREs foR 2011

47 000 Spore / Esporo subscribers

750participants at the

Brussels Development Briefings

270researchers supported by CTA’s

Seminar support programme

500participants at the CTA

co-organised Agriculture and Rural Development Day

34 660subscribers to the

CTA publications Distribution service

550trainees sponsored by CTA to take part

in Web 2.0 training sessions

“

450delegates from 85 countries

at the CTA co-organised internationalextension conference

2011 HigHligHts �

After decades of under-investment, agricultural and rural development has moved to centre stage in the discourse about poverty and hun-

ger. Never before has there been such a high degree of global consensus and finan-cial commitment about improving agricultu-ral productivity and increasing farmers’ in-comes. Agricultural growth has finally been recognised as essential to achieving food and nutritional security as well as fighting poverty.

However, ACP countries still face many chal-lenges to transforming agriculture into an engine of sustainable growth. CTA has de-veloped a bold new strategy for 2011–2015 to address some of these challenges.

Over the next five years, CTA will pursue clearly defined goals in three distinct thema-tic areas. These are: strengthening agricultu-ral and rural development policy processes

CTA’s NEW REsULTs-ORIENTED sTRATEGY

and strategies; improving agricultural value chains, especially for small-scale producers; and enhancing the information, communica-tion and knowledge management capacities of ACP institutions and networks.

Under the new strategy, CTA will intensify many of its partnerships, ensuring that it continues to obtain the best results from its limited resources. In 2011, CTA began to es-tablish new partnerships with the private sec-tor, for example with businesses operating in agricultural R&D and the provision of informa-tion and communication technologies (ICTs). CTA is now placing a stronger emphasis on e-publishing, and has begun the process of consolidating its websites to make them more accessible and user-friendly. CTA will continue to focus on improving the welfare of women and young people.

CTA has restructured its programmes and operations to meet the requirements of

the new strategic plan. It has reduced the number of programmes and established a monitoring and evaluation unit. Henceforth, there will be a strong emphasis on obtaining results. In 2011, CTA began the process of hiring new staff with the skills and expertise needed to make the new strategy as effective as possible.

The new strategy will help CTA to achieve its ultimate aim, which is to advance food and nutritional security, increase prosperity and encourage sound natural resource manage-ment.

CTA has restructured its programmes and operations to meet the requirements ofits new strategic plan.”

CTA’S STRATEGY

� 2011 HigHligHts

CHAPTER 1 AGRICulTuRAl pOlICIES

Agriculture is a significant cause of climate change, directly respon-sible for 10–12% of greenhouse gas emissions. However, farmers,

pastoralists and fishermen are victims too:

ronmental activists. The meeting helped to position agriculture within the global nego-tiations and showcase a range of climate-smart farming practices which can increase food production, assist farmers in becoming more resilient to climate change and reduce greenhouse-gas emissions.

CTA promotes policy processes that empower everyone engaged in the food

chain, with a strong focus on benefiting smallholder farmers. In 2011, CTA helped

organise major events on climate change and agricultural extension, and launched

a range of other policy initiatives. Below are some of the year’s highlights.

climate change is already threatening food production, especially in the developing world. Agriculture should therefore be at the heart of climate change policy. This was one of the key messages to emerge from Agricul-ture and Rural Development Day (ARDD).

Held in Durban, South Africa, during the 17th meeting of the Conference of Parties (COP 17) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and co-organised by CTA, ARDD brought together over 500 scientists, policymakers, farmers, media professionals and envi-

A greater emphasis should be placed on agriculture in climate change negotiations.”

shApING CLImATE ChANGE pOLICY

Tina Joemat-Pettersson, South Africa’s Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, gave the opening address to ARDD in Durban.

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Key speakers at the Brussels Development Briefing on “The Water we eat”.

In 2011, CTA organized five Brussels Development Briefings, which have become a key event in the policymakers’ calendar. A joint initiative of CTA, the European Commission, the Secretariat of the ACP Group of States and CONCORD, the briefings provide the latest insights into key issues affecting ACP farmers and food pro-duction. CTA also launched a new series of Policy Briefs, published in English and French, to bring the findings and recommendations to a wider audience. See: http://brusselsbriefings.net/about/policy-briefs

CAPTURING The lATeST ThoUGhTS oN PolICy

A journalists’ competition organised by CTA encouraged ACP media professionals to submit articles about the challenges and opportunities facing extension services. The six winners – repre-senting each ACP sub-region – vied for the top three prizes during the Nairobi conference. “The candidates showed talent, creativity and originality in bringing out local experiences and practices,” said competition judges Alison Saunders and Gervais Mbarga. The overall winner was Anish Chand of Fiji TV Ltd.

eNCoURAGING hIGh-qUAlITy JoURNAlISM

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Meteorologists could learn from the traditional knowledge of Africa’s pastoralists. Cattle at a water hole in Chad.

“Although no work programme for agricul-ture was established in Durban, as we had hoped, ARDD raised its profile in climate-change deliberations and negotiators deci-ded to refer agriculture to the next meeting of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Tech-nological Advice (SBSTA),” says CTA Senior programme coordinator, José Fonseca. CTA and its partners will continue to press for a work programme on agriculture, which would help to attract the finance needed to promote climate-smart farming practices. These are described in CTA’s first Policy

Pointers booklet, Farming’s Climate-Smart Future, which was launched at ARDD.

A month before the Durban conference, CTA, the Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee (IPACC) and the As-sociation des Femmes Peules Autochtones du Tchad (AFPAT) hosted a conference in N’Djamena, Chad, which provided the op-portunity for indigenous people and meteo-rologists to explore how traditional knowled-

ge and climate science could be used in tandem in order to help pastoralists adapt to climate change.

“At present, much of the information provi-ded by meteorologists is inaccessible and unintelligible to pastoralists” says Giacomo Rambaldi, CTA senior programme coordi-nator. “At the same time, meteorologists are failing to benefit from pastoralists’ traditional knowledge about how to cope with varia-tions in the weather and seasons. What we need is a two-way exchange.”

The N’Djamena Declaration, one of the key outputs of the conference, highlights the re-levance of traditional and scientific knowled-ge systems and their potential synergies, and the need to ensure effective communi-cation between scientists, pastoralists and policymakers. A learning event at ARDD, co-organised by CTA, helped to promote the recommendations of the N’Djamena De-claration. n

A two way exchange is needed between pastoralists and meteorologists.”

Getting traditional knowledge on the policy agenda


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Millions of small-scale farmers are being poorly served by exten-sion and advisory services. This was the subject of the Internatio-

nal Conference on Innovations in Extension and Advisory Services, Linking Knowledge to Policy and Action for Food and Livelihoods, held in Nairobi, Kenya, in November 2011. Co-organised by CTA and seventeen natio-nal and international partners, the conferen-ce attracted over 450 delegates, including farmers, extension professionals, scientists and policymakers from 85 countries.

After decades of under-investment, govern-ments and the development community now recognise the importance of revitalising ex-

tension services. This is not just a matter of increasing financial support. “It is also about reforming the way they work, and making sure that the reforms that are underway are cost-effective and sustainable,” says CTA director Michael Hailu.

A NEW LEAsE OF LIFE FOR

AGRICULTURAL EXTENsION ?

In 2011, CTA strengthened its relationship with the NEPAD Planning and Coordi-nating Agency, which is helping African countries to take full control of their de-velopment agenda and work more closely together. “As part of our new strategy, we are paying greater attention to supporting regional policy processes, and that is why we decided to increase our collaborative activities with NEPAD,” says Isolina Boto, who runs CTA’s Brussels office and mana-ges the Brussels Development Briefings. In May 2011, CTA organised a regional briefing with NEPAD in Addis Ababa on Rural Futures. In September, there was a follow-up Brussels Briefing on Rural Transformation and Rural Employment in Africa. See: http://brusselsbriefings.net/past-briefings

CollABoRATING wITh NePAD FoR IMPRoveD PolICy PRoCeSSeS

Farmers learn about drought-tolerant maize at a field day in Tanzania.

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Participatory approaches are effective for sharing knowledge and joint learning.

over 450 people attended the Nairobi extension conference from 85 countries.

The findings of the conference were ens-hrined in the Nairobi Declaration. This calls on governments to develop clear policies for extension in consultation with farmers, to increase funding, and to introduce mecha-nisms that ensure the coordination, sustai-nability and efficient provision of high-quality services.

“This can be seen as a rallying call for po-licymakers,” says CTA senior programme coordinator Judith Francis. “Efficient, de-mand-driven extension services are the key

to improving the productivity and incomes of the world’s smallholder farmers.”

The Nairobi conference is already influen-cing the activities of many participants. “I have begun to introduce some of the recom-mendations from the conference in my mi-nistry” says Zane Sharon Peters, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture, Antigua and Barbuda. n

Conference website: http://extensionconference2011.cta.int

Efficient, demand-driven extension services are the key to improving the productivity and incomes of the world’s smallholder farmers.”


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In 2011, CTA enabled scientists from ACP countries to attend 24 international confe-rences. “We gave priority to requests that had close links to our new priorities,” says CTA senior programme coordinator André Vugayabagado. To give just one example, support was provided for 10 scientists to attend the Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Wageningen. Upon its conclusion, CTA hosted a one-day meeting at its headquarters so that visiting scientists could present their research and learn from each other’s experiences.

CoNNeCTING ACP PRoFeSSIoNAlS wITh TheIR PeeRS

The Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Programme (CAADP) seeks to eliminate hunger by stimulating agricul-tural production. So far, French-speaking centres of higher education have contri-buted little to this process. To remedy this situation, CTA and its partners convened a meeting in Burkina Faso in November 2011 which was attended by university rectors and other education leaders from across Francophone Africa. “Higher education ins-titutes have a key role to play in providing human resources and intellectual capital to bring about an agricultural transforma-tion,” explains CTA’s Judith Ann Francis.

GeTTING The MoST oUT oF FReNCh-SPeAKING UNIveRSITIeS

The finals of the Caribbean Science and Agriculture Film and Video Competition were held in Trinidad in August 2011. Twenty-two teams of young professionals competed for the top places. “The judges were very impressed by the imaginative way in which they dealt with the com-plex science and technology issues,” says CTA’s Judith Francis. The winning entry, Bee Wise by Vincent Lewis, was a com-pelling docudrama about using scientific evidence to influence national policy on agro-biodiversity. The films can be viewed on http://knowledge.cta.int.

eNCoURAGING CReATIvITy ThRoUGh FIlM

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CHAPTER 2 MARkETS AnD VAluE CHAInS

The first generation of market in-formation systems (MIS), most of which were set up by public bodies, provided policymakers and farmers

with information primarily about crop prices. The second generation, which dates back some 10 years and involves both the private and public sectors, provides users with in-formation not just about market prices, but a range of other topics, such as good agricul-tural practices and information on crops.

How, therefore, have these systems fared in Africa? This question was the focus of a

self-sufficient. “Most rely on public funds, and would cease to function without them,” says Vincent Fautrel, CTA programme coor-dinator. “That’s why we invited Reuters Mar-ket Light of India to share their experiences at the workshop.”

Established in 2007, Reuters Market Light (RML) provides a text-based information service to 400,000 subscribing farmers in 13 Indian states. The service sends farmers frequent text messages covering everything from crops to market prices and weather fo-recasts. Although not fully financially sus-

In 2011, CTA continued to support work on market information systems and

Geographical Indications, focusing in particular on the benefits they can bring to

small-scale farmers in ACP countries. Other initiatives included a workshop on

harmonising trade regulations in West Africa and the re-launch of the Agritrade

website.

workshop held in Bamako, Mali, in Novem-ber 2011. Some 70 participants reflected on the findings of a two-year research pro-ject on African market information systems conducted by le Centre de recherche agro-nomique pour le développement (CIRAD) and Michigan State University, in collabora-tion with CTA and the Agence Française de Développement.

The workshop highlighted a number of is-sues facing African MIS organisations. Many lack the skills needed to provide high-quality information to farmers and few are financially

mAKING ThE mOsT OF mARKETs


Donors come and go, and the knowledge disappears with them.”

In West Africa, non-tariff barriers frequent-ly prevent farmers and traders from getting their produce to market as swiftly as they would like – a serious matter when it comes to trading fresh fruit, vegetables and lives-tock. CTA has funded a variety of initiati-ves which have encouraged West African countries and regional trade organisations to review their laws, and reduce regulations and taxes which restrict trade. In April 2011, a workshop in Burkina Faso focused on harmonising the texts regula-ting agricultural trade. Jointly hosted with the Conference of West and Central African Ministers of Agriculture, it attracted poli-cymakers, traders, farmers’ organisations and journalists. The latter have already played a key role in alerting politicians and the public to iniquitous laws and practices hampering efficient trade. “Progress has been made on reducing trade barriers, but much remains to be done,” says José Fonseca of CTA.

DISMANTlING TRADe BARRIeRS IN weST AFRICA

high quality often means higher prices. 6000 smallholder coffee growers on Mount elgon, Kenya, are members of Gumutindo, which means ‘excellent quality’ in the local language. The cooperative produces high-quality coffee which it sells to the British Fairtrade company, Cafedirect.

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tainable in 2011, this public-private par-tnership has led to a significant increase in farmers’ incomes. “While interesting private-public sector initiatives are developing, no-thing like RML exists in Africa,” says Fautrel.

The two-year research project presented in Bamako estimated that the African MIS or-ganisations which were studied had helped farmers increase their incomes by an ave-rage of 10%. However, the project highligh-ted the methodological difficulties associa-ted with detailed quantitative research on the project impact, and the failure of most organisations to monitor and evaluate their activities. “There is also a serious lack of ins-titutional memory about market information systems in Africa,” says Andrew Shepherd,

Senior Technical Advisor for Market-Led De-velopment. “Donors come and go, and the knowledge disappears with them.”

The Bamako workshop recognised the critical importance of MIS in both increasing regio-nal trade and in responding to price volatility. In this context, the public and private sectors need to continue investing in MIS, especially in terms of skills and capacity strengthe-ning. Participants discussed the possibility of establishing a pan-African MIS network, a concept first explored at an experts’ mee-ting in Ethiopia, attended by Fautrel. “Given our new strategy, CTA support on MIS will be more and more at the regional level”, he says. “We are keen to assist with the set-up of a pan-African MIS network.” n

#2 MARkETS AnD VAluE CHAInS

In 2011, CTA, the Caribbean Community Secretariat and the UN Food and Agricul-ture Organization (FAO) sponsored a re-gional workshop in Guyana. It attracted 65 participants from a broad range of organi-sations, including farmers’ groups, agricul-tural ministries and international donors. The main output was a regional production planning guide for the Caribbean Farmers’ Network (CaFan). The guide will provide its members with advice and support on crop production. The conference also gave food buyers the opportunity to discuss the challenges facing the export market.

lINKING FARMeRS To MARKeTS IN The CARIBBeAN

For an in-depth analysis of ACP agricultu-ral, fisheries and trade issues, log on to http://agritrade.cta.int, a website suppor-ted by CTA and managed by a team which includes four correspondents based in ACP countries. The website provides essential reading for policymakers, trade experts and all those interested in ACP food produc-tion and safety. In 2011, the website was re-launched with a new interactive facility called “My Agritrade”. Members can now create their own profiles, tailor information to meet their needs, and invite others with similar interests to join discussion groups.

FIRST PoRT oF CAll

Using his mobile phone, Kenyan farmer John wahngombe is able to check daily crop prices in Nairobi prior to doing business with local traders.

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The international agricultural market has become increasingly competi-tive, compelling farmers to find new ways of differentiating their products.

This has led to an increase in interest in Geo-graphical Indications (GIs), which link the quality, uniqueness and reputation of particu-lar products to a specific location. Think, for example, of Champagne, Darjeeling tea or Parmigiano Reggiano cheese. Their GI status guarantees their authenticity and adds value for producers.

The vast majority of GI products have already been registered in the EU, but GIs could also help farmers in ACP countries to differentiate their produce, and add value.

In 2009, CTA co-organised an ACP-EU ex-pert meeting with AFD and CIRAD in Mont-pellier which explored the possibilities of establishing GIs in ACP countries. This was followed by a lengthy series of e-discussions, including training modules for CTA’s partners.

This exercise provided the raw material for The Practical Manual on Geographical Indi-cations for ACP Countries, which was laun-ched at a side event in Geneva in December 2011 during the 8th WTO Ministerial Confer-ence.

The manual, jointly published by CTA and the Organization for an International Geographi-cal Indications Network (oriGIn), provides po-licymakers, farmers’ groups and others with a guide to GIs and the legal and administrative issues involved in obtaining GI status.

Shortly before its launch, Vincent Fautrel represented CTA at a workshop on GIs in Kampala, Uganda, organised by the African Union, the EU and the ACP-EU Trade.Com Facility. Among the participants were African farmers’ organisations, African ministries and representatives of GIs for Pruneau d’Agen, Riz de Camargue and Gruyère de Comté – French plums, rice and unpasteurized chee-se respectively. The discussions focused on

sTANDING OUT FROm ThE CROWD

the preconditions for setting up GIs and the challenges facing producers.

“There’s no doubt about the potential benefits of registering products as GIs, especially for small-scale farmers, but it can be a lengthy and costly process,” says Fautrel. “Farmers should look at this option on a case-by-case basis. GIs are not the magic bullet, but they can in certain circumstances provide signifi-cant benefits to farmers.” The Practical Ma-nual will help producer groups to negotiate their way through the procedures involved. n

oliva Kishero, treasurer of the Gumutindo coo-perative in Kenya, picks coffee on her farm.

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CHAPTER 3 knOWlEDGE MAnAGEMEnT

This is to thank you very sincerely for what I would call the most precious Gift that this university has ever re-ceived,” wrote Owen Baya, senior

registrar at Pwani University College, Kenya. “I want to assure you that this set will go a long way to make Pwani University a great academic institution.”

The registrar was referring to The Essen-tial Electronic Agricultural Library (TEEAL). Published by Cornell University’s Mann Li-brary, TEEAL provides scientists and stu-dents in the developing world with access

CTA’s strategic plan places a strong emphasis on disseminating information

electronically and encouraging open access to scientific information. Effective

knowledge management also requires good monitoring and evaluation.

CTA workshops and manuals are helping to shape the way its partners manage

their information and communication strategies.

to full-text articles from over 200 scientific journals. Thanks to CTA support, 138 uni-versities and research organisations in ACP countries had received the TEEAL databa-se by the end of 2011. TEEAL comes on an external hard drive and can be accessed off-line at up to ten work stations on a local area network, thus eliminating the need for Internet access.

“In many developing countries, scientists can only read the abstracts of journals online, and then only if they have access to the Internet, and most institutions

OpENING ThE ARChIVEs

TEEAL’s objective is to enhance the quality and effectiveness of agricultural research and teaching by improving students’ and researchers’ access to relevant literature.”

“


Thanks to support from CTA, 138 universities and research organisations in ACP countries had received the essential electronic Agricultural library (TeeAl) by the end of 2011. 50%

of Cornell University’s hard drive subscribers received CtA funding.

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CTA continued to explore new ways of promoting its Spore Magazine. In Cameroon, the number of subscribers receiving Spore rose from 3,000 to over 7,000, thanks to an innovative par-tnership with the monthly newspaper La Voix du Paysan / The Farmer’s Voice. Readers’ responses to a survey about Spore were very enthusiastic.

MoRe ABoUT Spore

#3 knOWlEDGE MAnAGEMEnT

cipients to fill out a questionnaire to renew their subscriptions, less than 10% res-ponded. “We couldn’t justify the expense if organisations couldn’t be bothered to reply,” says Thierry Doudet. This lack of response thus influenced CTA’s approach to providing databases. As a bulk buyer, CTA pays Cornell a reduced price for the database. The database is then provided free of charge to successful applicants in ACP countries. In exchange, recipients must pay an annual fee of US$525 to get their database updated each year. Many are now doing so.

In addition to enabling users to improve their research abilities, TEEAL is providing signi-ficant access to scientific papers published in ACP countries. Of the 18 most commonly accessed journals, three focus on African agricultural research issues. n

In a study to survey TEEAL users, almost 80% responded that TEEAL improved their productivity and about 75% agreed that it improved the quality of their work.”

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The magazinefor agricultural and rural development in ACP countries

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sharing knowledge, improving rural livelihoods

RURAL MEDIA

New frontiers,New Era

N°155

october-November 2011

IntERvIEw

Bernard Vallat, Director

of the World Organisation

for Animal Health

BIOFUELS

The next

generation

CAMEL

Over the hump

the magazine

for agricultural and

rural development

in ACP countries

http://spore.cta.int

sharing knowledge, improving rural livelihoods

simply can’t afford the full subscrip-tions,” says Thierry Doudet, head of CTA’s Knowledge Management and Communi-cation Programme.

In the past, CTA used to deliver databases free of charge. However, when it asked re-

2011 HigHligHts 21

Ibrahim Khadar describes Information and Knowledge for Development – or InK4DEV – as a movement rather than a project. ”It’s all about getting orga-

nisations to acknowledge the role which information plays in development,” says the manager of CTA’s Learning, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit. “All too often, organi-sations involved in development evaluate the big projects, but ignore the importance of their information and communication ac-tivities.”

The first two InK4DEV Weeks, held in Nami-bia in 2009 and Ghana the following year, involved training and sensitisation for infor-mation managers and practitioners on how to use CTA’s Smart Toolkit for Evaluating In-formation Projects, Products and Services; a seminar on knowledge management; and a regional workshop on how to develop an in-formation and communication management strategy for agriculture and rural develop-ment organisations.

“In 2011, we took a rather different approach,” recalls CTA Senior Programme Coordinator Christine Webster. “We invited organisa-tions to attend the InK4DEV Week in Kam-pala, rather than individuals, because we were keen to get managers involved, as well as practitioners, to promote organisa-tional buy-in for planning, monitoring and evaluation practices.”

Some 60 representatives of 15 develop-ment-oriented organisations in Eastern and Southern Africa attended InK4DEV Week.

KNOWLEDGE mATTERs

In February 2011, the French version of CTA’s influential Smart Toolkit, a guide on how to monitor and evaluate information projects, was launched at a workshop in Dakar, Senegal. This was attended by 20 information specialists from Francophone Africa. “We encouraged them to come with their own projects, so they could learn how the Toolkit could improve the management of their information services,” says Rod-ger Obubo, CTA’s Training Programmes Coordinator. A Mauritanian participant was so impressed that he subsequently asked for permission to translate portions into Arabic for use in his own country.

lAUNChING The FReNCh veRSIoN oF The SmarT ToolkiT

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Managers and directors were targetted for the two-day session, which focused on using embedding planning, monitoring and evaluation activities in the organisational culture. The Smart Toolkit was used as the starting point.

A five-day intensive workshop to validate CTA’s Information and Communication Ma-nagement (ICM) Strategy Development – Facilitators Guide took place concurrently and was aimed at senior information spe-cialists and trainers.This Guide had been developed in direct response to needs assessment studies conducted in 60 ACP

countries. These studies revealed that many of CTA’s partners recognised that they lac-ked the skills required to make optimal use of their information and communication re-sources.

A post-workshop electronic survey revealed that over 95% of participants were satisfied with their week in Uganda. The vast majority had acquired new skills and knowledge and begun to put them into practice in their orga-nisations. CTA will provide further mentoring, support and small grants to help these orga-nisations develop their planning, monitoring and evaluation activities. n

All too often, organisationsinvolved in development evaluate the big projects, but ignore the importanceof their information and communication activities.”

#3 knOWlEDGE MAnAGEMEnT

Planning, evaluation and monitoring are essential parts of all ICM projects.

A brainstorming session is always a good starting point in a strategy elaboration process.

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In October 2011, CTA shipped some 75,000 copies of its Practical Guides and Agrodok series to the Red Cross in Switzerland. This initiative was taken in order to increase the outreach of CTA publications among vulne-rable populations. “The beauty of working with the Red Cross is that it has branches in nearly every African country,” says Murielle Vandreck, who manages CTA’s Publica-tions Distribution Service. The Red Cross has sent the publications to three regional branch offices, 37 national societies and 185 national branches in Africa.

ChANNelING INFoRMATIoN ThRoUGh The ReD CRoSS

CTA has supported question-and-answer (QAS) services for farmers in many African countries. But have they been successful? An evaluation commissioned by CTA and carried out by Creative Interaction provides some answers. It seems that QAS servi-ces operate as “islands in the agricultural information environment.” The consultants recommend that QAS managers integrate various proactive approaches, including newsletters, mobile phones and e-tools, strengthen the role of rural advisers and broaden their collaborative activities with rural radios to increase the impact of their services.

qUeSTIoNS ABoUT qUeSTIoN-AND-ANSweR SeRvICeS

Two films commissioned by CTA explore the way in which participatory 3D model-ling (P3DM) has been used by traditional communities. In The Voice of the Ogiek, this hitherto little-known group describes the benefits. Formerly treated as second-class citizens, the Kenyan government now includes the Ogiek input in dialogues over the future of the Mau Forest. Another film, Mapping for Change, shows how 3-D mapping helped farmers in rural Oromiya, Ethiopia realise that they themselves were responsible for depletion of the woodlands. They are now at the heart of a rehabilita-tion programme.

FIlMING A BeTTeR FUTURe

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24 2011 HigHligHts

CHAPTER 4 ICTs FOR DEV

The ICTs for Rural Development Programme aims to increase the ability of those

serving rural communities to gather, process and share information and knowledge.

This involves a whole host of activities, from helping young people to hone their

Web 2.0 skills to training government officials on how to work with farmers to help

produce the best extension materials.

CTA’s Agriculture, Rural Develop-ment and Youth in the Information Society (ARDYIS) project was launched in 2010. It seeks to raise

awareness among young people about the many ways in which information and com-munication technologies (ICTs) can be used to tackle rural unemployment and boost farm productivity. The first major activity was an essay writing contest. The best entrants were then invited to attend a workshop in Ghana in March 2011, organised by CTA and Ghana’s Institute of Scientific and Tech-nological Information.

A CALL FOR ACTIONThe first four days focused on the use of advanced Web 2.0 tools – the various web applications that encourage user participa-tion and the joint production and sharing of information. “We introduced the trainees to advanced uses of Facebook, the manage-ment of institutional Facebook page, how to use Dropbox to share information, how to set up and write blogs, and other Web 2.0 ap-plications,” says Ken Lohento, leader of the ARDYIS project.

The final day’s discussions led to the adop-tion of ‘A call for stronger support for

Using a smart phone to map community resources.

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youth involvement in agriculture and ICTs,’ endorsed by the 24 young participants and a number of partner institutions. “We strongly believe that our ingenious nature, enthusiasm and demonstrable successes must be substantially matched by equally thoughtful, dynamic, multilevel and relevant agricultural policies across the ACP group of countries,” says the communiqué.

Among other things, the communiqué calls upon ACP governments and institutions to re-vise their curricula in order to encourage agri-

cultural students to make greater use of ICTs. It also calls for an increase in the allocation of funds specifically designed to help young far-mers and ICT software developers, and for the establishment of ‘regional ICT incubators’.

After the workshop, those involved in writing the communiqué returned to their countries and pursued their call for action. “It has now been referenced on hundreds of websites, and I believe it is proof that it is considered highly relevant by many different organisa-tions,” says Lohento. n

#4 ICTs FOR DEV

In 2011, CTA and its partners provided 5-day ‘learning opportunities’ on Web 2.0 applications and social media to over 550 people in 10 ACP countries. Almost a third of the beneficiaries were women, and 59% were between the age of 18 and 35. The majority attended learning opportunities in Cameroon, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gambia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uganda. “The feedback has been very gratifying,” says CTA’s Giacomo Rambaldi. “Many people have told us that the trai-ning sessions have not only changed their working behaviour, but their whole lives.”

weB 2.0 leARNING oPPoRTUNITIeS

Participants at a training session on web 2.0 applications organised in partnership with CARDI and the UNeClAC.

The training sessions have not only changed their working behaviour, but their whole lives.”

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In January 2011, CTA, the Institute for Research, Extension and Training in Agriculture (IRETA) and Papua New Guinea’s Department of Agriculture

and Livestock organised a training course on the production of agricultural extension materials. “The aim was to showcase an ap-proach which encourages extension officers to work closely with farming communities,” says CTA’s Rodger Obubo.

All too often, government departments pro-duce booklets and other material with irre-levant messages in inappropriate formats, simply because they haven’t bothered to ask farmers about their technical informa-tion needs. Instead of reading the booklets and gaining new knowledge and skills, says Obubo, farmers often use them as wrapping paper.During the training course, 21 agricultural

One of the highlights of a Caribbean tele-centre workshop held in the Dominican Republic in April 2011 was the awarding of prizes in a competition organised by CTA and the Taiguey Foundation. One of the winners was Jamaica’s Jeffrey Town Farmers Association, which manages a telecentre frequently used by farmers and the local community. Patrick Prendergast of the Caribbean Institute of Media and Education told a local newspaper that the award “would bring pride and joy for work that is making a difference to the lives of rural farmers.”

JeFFRey TowN FARMeRS’ ASSoCIATIoN hoNoUReD LIsTENING

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A training session in producing extension material for farmers in Papua New Guinea.


extension workers and researchers from PNG, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands learnt how to use a farmer-participatory ap-proach to producing extension materials, an approach which had been successfully tried and tested at similar CTA-organised courses in Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Zambia.

First, the trainees invited a selected group of farmers in Kamba, Madang Province to catalogue their agricultural activities and describe the challenges they faced. The farmers discussed what sort of information would be most helpful, and identified their

#4 ICTs FOR DEV

priorities. They were keen to have written material about the control of the taro beet-le, a common pest, how to identify and control taro leaf blight, and techniques for pruning cocoa.

The next step involved the writing and desi-gn of booklets, posters and folders. The aim was to provide simple messages in English and pidgin with plentiful use of drawings and photographs for those who have dif-ficulty reading. The drafts were scrutinised by the farmers, whose comments were ta-ken into account in the final versions. “The aim must always be to produce material

Farmers examine a reference chart of plant diseases at a Plant health Clinic in a village near Machakos, Kenya.

Training session in the production of extension materials.

that the farmers really feel part of, and will be proud to use,” says Obubo.

A post-workshop survey revealed high le-vels of satisfaction. During the weeks which followed, course participants listed a range of activities they had undertaken, or were about to undertake, using the knowledge they had gained. These included revising existing extension materials, publishing new brochures about root crops, cocoa and coconut, producing radio program-mes, and training colleagues in the farmer-based approach to producing extension materials. n

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In 2011, CTA’s ARDYIS project and its

partners launched the Youth in Agriculture

Blog Competition (YoBloCo), designed to

stimulate blogs which highlight the chal-

lenges facing young people in agriculture

and to encourage the use of ICTs by young

farmers. Members of the public were invi-

ted to vote for the best individual entries

and provide comments on those from

institutions. About 3,000 comments and

votes were received. In December, the 15

individuals who gained the most votes were

announced, along with the best institutio-

nal blogs. An expert panel will decide on

the eventual winners in 2012.

The yoUNG AGRICUlTURAl BloGGeRS

Since the 2005 World Summit on the Infor-

mation Society, the Food and Agriculture

Organization (FAO) has been responsible

for promoting ‘e-agriculture.’ The latest

forum to reflect upon e-agriculture and

the use of ICTs was held in Switzerland in

May 2011. CTA participated in the forum

highlighting the importance of making sure

women and young people benefit from the

use of ICTs in rural areas.

ASSeSSING The IMPACT oF ICTs

In 2011, CTA and Farm Radio International

launched a radio broadcasters’ ‘commu-

nity space’ (www.barzaradio.com), a Web

2.0-based platform which links community

broadcasters from many African countries.

This enables radio stations and individuals

interested in the role radio can play in de-

velopment to share information, network,

engage in debates, download scripts and

sharpen their skills.

AFRICAN RADIo BRoADCASTeRS eMPoweReD By The weB 2.0

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RESOuRCES

sTRUCTURED FOR sUCCEssA s part of the implementation of the

new strategic plan 2011–2015, hu-man resources underwent significant

changes in the course of 2011. The objec-tives of the reorganisation plan and the “fit analysis” were to determine which positions no longer fitted in the new strategy and which staff members could no longer be aligned with the new direction of the orga-nisation. The result was a new organisatio-nal structure, with the termination of twelve contracts with Centre staff and the creation of nine new positions for which the Centre began a large-scale recruitment process as of mid-2011.

In order to extend the Centre’s activities in value chains – one of the main new priorities of its programmes – in September 2011, the Centre recruited an experienced expert in this area on a short-term contract, pending the completion of the recruitment campai-gn and the induction process of new staff members.

In line with the revised text of Decision No 5/2006 of the ACP-EU Committee of Ambas-sadors of 27 September 2006 concerning the Staff Regulations of CTA, the Centre in-troduced a new category of support staff to fill posts that are not included in budgetary positions for short-term contracts of up to two years.

Executive boardIn accordance with the statutes of the Exe-cutive Board and the three-month extension of its ACP members until the end of February 2011, the ACP Committee of Ambassadors designated the ACP regions that should pro-vide the new ACP members of the Board, with a mandate of two-and-a-half years. The regions were Central Africa, Southern Africa and the Pacific. These regions voted for their representative, and the elected mem-bers were Dr Bichara from Chad for Central Africa; Mr Kahuure of Namibia for Southern Africa (unchanged from the previous Board); and Dr Suavi from Samoa for the Pacific.

Their mandates expire in 2013, at the same time as the three European members.

The Board clearly played a key role during this period of reorganisation and ensured careful monitoring of the Centre’s activities. During 2011, the Board approved important items and documents, such as the Direc-tor’s proposals for terminating contracts and recruiting nine new members of staff, as well as the programme project and bud-get for 2012, formulated on the basis of the new strategic plan.

Members of the Executive board:Dr Daoussa Bichara Cherif (Chad)M. Kahijoro Kahuure (Namibia)Dr Faletoi Suavi Tuilaepa (Samoa)M. Raul Bruno De Sousa (Portugal)M. Eric Tollens (Belgium)M. Edwin Anthony Vos (The Netherlands)

2011 HigHligHts �1

INTERNAL ORGANIsATION & pERsONNEL

Director’s office Michael Hailu, Director Deborah Kleinbussink, Exec. Assistant/Board Secretary

Brussels OfficeIsolina Boto, Head of Brussels Office

financial ControlSunita Millon, Financial Controller

Corporate servicesJean-Claude Burguet, ManagerHR Officer (vacant)Juma Lumumba, IT OfficerLan Lee, AccountantJulia Nijhof, Sr Admin. AssistantGerdien van Binsbergen, Admin. AssistantLouis Kolkman, IT TechnicianTemporary staff member, Assistant AccountantAdrianus Biemans, CaretakerThomas Mendo-Essiane, Messenger/DriverManuela van Betuw, Receptionist

Policies, Markets & iCT (PMi) ProgrammeLamon Rutten, Programme ManagerJosé Filipe Fonseca, Sr Programme Coord/ ARD PolicyJudith Francis, Sr Programme Coord/ S&T PolicyGiacomo Rambaldi, Sr Prog Coord/ ICTAndrew Shepherd, Sr Technical Advisor Market-led Development

Sr Prog Coord/ARD Policy (vacant)Sr Programme Coord/ Value Chains (vacant)Vincent Fautrel, Programme Coord/ Value ChainsKen Lohento, Programme Coord/ ICTProgramme Coord/ICT (Vacant)Armelle Degrave, Programme AssistantHildreth John-Charles, Project AssistantAngeles Salvador, Project AssistantEllen Mulder, Project AssistantMarloes Pals, Project Assistant

knowledge Management & Communication (kMC) ProgrammeThierry Doudet, Programme ManagerStéphane Gambier, Sr Programme Coord/ Com-municationsChris Addison, Sr Programme Coord/ KMKrishan Bheenick, Sr Programme Coord/ KMThérèse Burke, Programme Coord/ MarketingSamuel Mikenga, Programme Coord/ MediaMurielle Vandreck, Programme Coord/ Publica-tionsThierry Lewyllie, Programme Coord/ WebAnne Legroscollard, Programme AssistantJenessi Matturi, Programme AssistantMirjam Bos, Admin. AssistantMerche Rodriguez, Project AssistantEvelyne Kort-Nerincx, Admin. AssistantGabriela Gonçalves Bahre, Data AssistantHusna Yagoub, Data AssistantTemporary staff member, Data Assistant

learning, Monitoring and Evaluation (lME) unitIbrahim Khadar, ManagerChristine Webster, Sr Prog Coord Tarikua Getachew, Jr Prog Coord Raya Dekkers, Admin. Assistant

Junior staff MembersYoung Professional Officers: Louis Hinzen, Alejandra Morales.interns: Giorgio Bellinzas, Ronalee Biasca, Fidé-lia Bohissou, Hawa Kebe, Antonella Piccolella, Atenchong Talleh Nkobou.student placements: Marie Pierre Godeau and Neha Mehra (Université Libre de Bruxelles).

staff members and Junior staff members who left CTA as of 1st of March 2012

Aboubacar Koda-Traoré (deceased), Oumy Ndiaye, Jean-François Picard, Kevin Painting, Dr Ibrahim Tiemogo, André Vugayabagabo, Karen Hackshaw, Rodger Obubo, Vivienne Oguya, Dr John Woodend, Monika Pecak, Rafael Taguas San-chez, Alice Bender, Bandjoura Samoura, Antoine Bilot, Miriam Bulo Sengi, Thilda Chevouline, Andrea De Gioia, André Feldhof, Ana Fonseca, Isaura Lopes Ramos, Aretha Mutumwinka.


RESOuRCES

BUDGET & FINANCEsCTA is funded by the

European Development

Fund (EDF), to which

all EU member states

contribute. For the 2011

financial year, CTA’s

supervisory authorities

allocated it a budget of 16

million euros.

The tables show a breakdown of CTA’s budget for 2011 as follows :• The overall CTA budget for 2011 (Table 1)• The overview budget for 2011 showing commitment, expenditure and carry forward amounts by operational programme (Table 2).

Income Amount Percentage

EDF contribution 16 000 98,8

Other income 200 1,2

Total 16 200 100,0

Budget allocation Amount Percentage

Title I – Staff costs 6 656 41,1

Title II – Running costs 1 380 8,5

Title III – Operational programme costs 8 164 50,4

Total 16 200 100,0

TAblE 1: CTA budgET foR 2011 (in e THousAnd)

2011 HigHligHts ��

ProgrAmmes Budget approved @ 01/01/11

(1)

revised budget @ 31/12/11

(2)

Actual commitment @

31/12/11(3)

Actual expenditure @ 31/12/11

(4)

Balance carried forward to 2012

(5) = (3) - (4)

1. INFormATIoN ProDUCTs & DIssemINATIoN DePArTmeNT (IPDD)

Article 311: Publishing service 1 400 000,00 1 169 195,30 1 169 195,30 419 342,23 749 853,06

Article 312: Marketing service 140 000,00 136 162,29 136 162,29 77 383,96 58 652,60

Article 313: Distribution of publications in print format 1 236 000,00 1 297 233,09 1 297 233,09 846 510,42 450 572,64

Article 314: Strengthening ACP information services 1 050 000,00 477 485,52 477 485,52 347 513,90 129 971,61

TOTAL IPDD 3 826 000,00 3 080 076,20 3 080 076,20 1 690 750,51 1 389 049,91

2. CommUNICATIoN serVICes DePArTmeNT (CsD)

Article 321: Regional information platforms 1 035 000,00 805 347,53 805 347,53 406 799,55 398 547,98

Article 322: ICT4D services 723 000,00 787 361,94 787 361,94 278 832,65 507 769,93

Article 323: Experience sharing & training 1 370 000,00 1 204 287,00 1 204 287,00 605 937,97 595 809,72

Article 324: Media services 290 000,00 275 347,27 275 347,27 224 314,78 37 297,00

TOTAL CSD 3 418 000,00 3 072 343,74 3 072 343,74 1 515 884,95 1 539 424,63

3. PLANNINg AND sTrATegIC serVICes DePArTmeNT (PssD)

Article 331: Needs assessment, priority-setting & evaluation

256 000,00 627 948,32 627 948,32 374 017,44 253 905,67

Article 332: Agricultural trade 530 000,00 432 693,07 432 693,07 109 131,75 323 416,51

Article 333: Science, technology & innovation strategies 764 000,00 601 688,59 601 688,59 316 914,42 282 275,60

Article 334: ICM & KM strategies 370 000,00 349 250,00 349 250,00 115 663,27 233 126,86

Article 340: Non-EDF funding (funds received for ACP regional briefings)

99 413,04 29 113,58 29 113,58 21 514,80 7 598,78

TOTAL PSSD 2 019 413,04 2 040 693,56 2 040 693,56 937 241,68 1 100 323,42

oVerALL ToTAL 9 263 413,04 8 193 113,50 8 193 113,50 4 143 877,14 4 028 797,96

Notes: (1) These are unaudited figures and are subject to year-end accounting and audit adjustments. (2) Expenditure in 2011 on amounts carried forward from 2010 are not included; advance payments are included. (3) Not all unspent commitments are automatically carried forward to the following year. (4) The figures have been adjusted for transfers to Title II as follows: Art. 311 - € 100,000; Art 314 - €350,000; Art 321 - €280,000; Art. 323 - €100,000; Art. 333 - €150,000; Art 334 - €20,000

TAblE 2: oVERViEW budgET 2011 CoMMiTMEnT, EXPEndiTuRE And CARRY foRWARd AMounTs


ImpACT sTORIEsThe University (…) remains immensely grateful to CTA for this opportunity to improve the reach of both the students and staff to research materials through the

access to various journals available through TEEAL.” Prof. A.o. Adeola, Joseph Ayo babalola university, nigeria

“The Agritrade website is one of my favorite sources for sugar policy news and related developments, and I enjoy the editorial comment which accompanies the reporting.” wolfe braude, south Africa

“(Thanks to your Web 2.0 training), communication among farmers has improved tremendously; they have been assisted to solve pro-blems through cooperation and group cohesion.” Richard oyeyinka, nigeria

“The Mau Forest mapping experience was a major turning point in the life of IPACC. (…) Exposure and partnering with CTA has transformed the work, practice and knowledge of Africa’s only regional indigenous peoples’ network, it has touched the lives of people in more than a dozen countries (directly), it has created new career and advocacy opportunities for indigenous leaders, and it has opened new horizons for me professionally.” dr. nigel Crawhall, south Africa

“At the seminar in Brussels, I was overwhelmed by the amount of knowledge and exposure that I received right from the presentations that were made, to the information material in form of publications that were offered freely to all participants.” Maureen Agena, uganda

“I have found the CTA Brussels newsletter to be of extreme value ad-dition and contains up to-date information and briefings, which can-not be sourced or accessed elsewhere in other news bulletins.” HE Roy Mickey Joy, Ambassador to the European union and the kingdom of belgium, vanuatu

«I have found CTA information products very resourceful materials for teaching and research at our University, benefitting both faculty and students. Spore in particular allows readers to share agricultu-ral development best practices across ACP Countries (...) and now, the Agritrade Compendium 2011 will enrich the available resources for trade policy analysis.” Prof. willis oluoch-kosura, university of nairobi, kenya

2011 HigHligHts ��

The Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA)

is a joint international institution of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of

States and the European Union (EU). Its mission is to advance food and nutritional

security, increase prosperity and encourage sound natural resource management in ACP

countries. It provides access to information and knowledge, facilitates policy dialogue and

strengthens the capacity of agricultural and rural development institutions and communities.

CTA operates under the framework of the Cotonou Agreement and is funded by the EU.

> For more information on CTA visit www.cta.int

© CTA 2012

Technical Centre for Agricultural and

Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA)

P.O. Box 380 - 6700 AJ Wageningen,

The Netherlands - www.cta.int

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Documents

CTA Annual Report 2011