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CST ReviewDay 7
World HistoryCommunist Revolutions
Rise of Totalitarians
Causes
Widespread suffering and weak leadership under the Czar (poor working conditions, low wages).
Revolutionary movements that believed in a worker-run government…communism.
Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War. Bloody Sunday (unarmed protestors). World War I (high casualties, and economic ruin). The March Revolution (soldiers joining activists).
Leader
• Vladimir Lenin
Slogan
Outcome Czarist rule ends Bolshevik Party Communists take control Russian economy in shambles
industrial production drops trade all but ceases skilled workers flee the country
Lenin asserts his control by cruel methods Gulag (prison camps)Run by the Cheka
Rival
• Leon Trotsky
Stalinist Russia
Cultural Control: propaganda and control free speech.
Terror/Political Control: secret police and the Great Purge.
Economic Control: command economy, collectivization and the Five Year Plan.
Transformation in ChinaNationalists (Jiang) vs. Communists (Mao)
The Long MarchCommunists China (the People’s Republic)Great Leap Forward: communes and government
ownershipCultural Revolution: PEASANTS, Red GuardsTiananmen Square: protests for democratic
reforms
Country Leader Ideas/Policies Events US Policy Outcome
China Mao CommunismGreat Leap
ForwardCultural Revolution
Tiananmen Square
Containment Still communist
North Korea
Kim Jon Il
(Kim Sung Il’s
son)
Communism38th Parallel
Korea War(north
invades south)
Containment Still communist
Cuba Castro Communism Cuban Missile Crisis
Containment Still communist
Vietnam Ho Chi Minh
CommunismNationalism v. Imperialism
Vietcong
Vietnam War
Containment Still communist
Activity
1 arm in the air = Russian Revolution 2 arms in the air = China’s Revolution 3 arms (using a partner) = Stalinist USSR 4 arms (using a partner) = trick question
Had to withdrawal from WWI because a revolution broke out?
Slogan was peace, land, and bread?
Slogan wasLiberty, Equality, and Fraternity?
Used the Cheka to maintain control?
Used the Red Guard?
Led by Mao?
Led by Lenin?
Brought and end to the Czar’s rule?
Five Year Plan: collectivization and rapid industrial growth?
The Great Purge to murder millions?
The Great Purge to murder millions?
The Long March?
The Great Leap Forward:communes and government
ownership?
Cultural Revolution and the making peasants the new
HEROES!!!
Nationalist vs. Communists?
Genocide of the Jews?
Trotsky’s rival?
Used the youth to retain power?
Ended the Manchu dynasty?
Established the People’s Republic?
Jiang-Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)?
Tiananmen Square—student protest
Nation Germany Italy Soviet Union
Leader Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Joseph Stalin
Political Party Nazi Fascist CommunistDates in Power 1933-1945 1922-1945 1928-1953Unifying Idea German “Master Race”
(nationalism)Lebensraum (imperialism )Rebuild the military (militarism)
Rebuild the Roman Empire (nationalism and imperialism)
Classless society
Economic Policy Capitalist Capitalist Communist: 5-year plan, collective farms
Control Total Less than total Total
Terror Holocaust 4,000 imprisoned Great Purge
Similarities • Ruled by a dictator—a glorified hero• Allowed only one political party• Emphasized total loyalty to the government and its
leader• Denied individual rights• Censored the press and other media• Used art, culture and mass communications to spread
propaganda • Encouraged a high birthrate and rewarded women
who had many children• Controlled people by terror—secret police
Drive for Empire
After World War I, Italy, Japan, and Germany all sought to increase their might. Italy and Germany still suffered the effect of the war, and Japan wanted to further the power it had gained during wartime.
By the 1930s, all three were led by military dictatorships in which the state held tremendous power and sought to expand that power by invading neighbor nations.
Japan
• Sought: natural resources, new markets for its goods, and room for population growth
• Conquests: – Manchuria, a Chinese province (1931)– Mainland China (1937)• The Rape of Nanking: atrocities against Chinese—
millions killed and tens of millions became homeless
Italy
• Sought: “New Roman Empire”• Conquests– Ethiopia (1935) and Albania (1939)
Germany
• Sought: rebuild its army and assert its strength• Conquests: – The Rhineland, between Germany and France
(1936)– Austria (1938)– The Sudetenland, area of Czechoslovakia (1938)– Czechoslovakia (1939)– Poland (1939)