CSOs and Aid Effectiveness in ARD - A 13-Country Consultation

7/31/2019 CSOs and Aid Effectiveness in ARD - A 13-Country Consultation

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2/28

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FVAv Firij vafil{y a}ceoive{iaov

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LF L|}apleo Faggivviao

BEA Baak eok Ec}if|j{|}l A}ceoive{iao ab {nl \oi{lk Oe{iaov

NJB 6}k Nicn Jlrlj Ba}|g ao Eik Lbblf{irlolvv io Eff}e* Vlp{lgml} =00>

OFVAv Klrljaplk fa|o{}y'mevlk .Oa}{nl}o) firij vafil{y a}ceoive{iaov

AKE Abbifiej klrljapglo{ evviv{eofl

ALFK A}ceoive{iao ba} Lfaoagif Faapl}e{iao eok Klrljapglo{

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5/28

06

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Klvicolk {a v|ppa}{ eok ioba}g {nl sa}h ab {nl ALFK KEF Ekriva}y C}a|p ao Firij Vafil{y eok

Eik Lbblf{irlolvv .EC)* {niv fajjema}e{irl Pje{ba}g p}aflvv va|cn{ seyv {a iofj|kl FVAv sa}hioc

ao ec}if|j{|}l eok }|}ej klrljapglo{ .E]K) ivv|lv io {nl ols eik e}fni{lf{|}l/ Faov|j{e{iaov io

56 klrljapioc fa|o{}ilv X6W iorajrlk ga}l {neo 200 }lp}lvlo{e{irlv b}ag arl} =30 jafej* oe{iaoej

eok io{l}oe{iaoej FVAv* ole}jy * faov|j{e{iaov{aah pjefl io4Ebcneoiv{eo*Meocjeklvn* M|}hioe

Beva* Fegmakie* Lcyp{*Cneoe* Geji* Ga}affa*Gategmiu|l* Olpej*Oife}ec|e* Pl}| eokRil{oeg/

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6/28

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Bioejjy* {nl faov|j{e{iao pe}{ifipeo{v p}ariklk geoy p}ef{ifej }lfaggloke{iaov* v|gge}ivlk io

{nl }lje{iaovnip'vl{ mljas/ [nly k}es e{{lo{iao {a seyv io snifn klrljapglo{ ef{a}v ef{irl io

E]K feo nljp iofj|kl FVAv io {nl igpjlglo{e{iao ab {nl EL ecloke eok iofj|kl X;W4

{ne{ jafej eok oe{iaoej FVAv* eok pe}{if|je}jy }|}ej FVAv* ml faov|j{lk ev klrljapglo{ pjeyl}v*

cirlo {ne{ {nly pavvlvv re}ilk eok rejik l~pl}iloflv {ne{ e}l flo{}ej {a EL io E]K* vnepioc {nl

fajjlf{irl FVA raifl io E]K {a lov|}l {ne{ lgl}cioc klrljapglo{ pajifilv }lvpaok {a jafej faoki'

{iaov eok ollkv8

{ne{ Oa}{nl}o FVAv }lka|mjl {nli} lbba}{v {a lov|}l g|{|ej }lvplf{* {}|l pe}{ol}vnipv eok

lu|eji{y* eok klvico eok igpjlglo{ io{l}rlo{iaov effa}kiocjy* lov|}ioc b|jj pe}{ifipe{iao ab {nl

jafej fagg|oi{y eok FVAv io ejj v{eclv ab {nl klrljapglo{ p}aflvv8

{ne{ carl}oglo{v p}arikl eo loemjioc lori}aoglo{* iofj|kioc klflo{}ejive{iao* ba} FVAv {a pjey

{nli} }ajl ev klrljapglo{ ef{a}v* l/c/ {n}a|cn jlcivje{iao a} }lc|je{a}y b}eglsa}hv* {e~ }lc|je'

{iao eok igp}arlk efflvv {a ioba}ge{iao* {n}a|cn {nl p}a{lf{iao eok l~l}fivl ab firij eok paji{ifej}icn{v8 eok my m|ijkioc E]K pajifilv* iorlv{glo{v eok p}ac}egglv e}a|ok {nl l~iv{ioc hoasj'

lkcl eok vhijjv ab jafej FVA faov{i{|lo{v* vplfibifejjy }|}ej saglo eok glo8 eok

{ne{ kaoa}v fao{}im|{l {a igp}arioc eik lbblf{irlolvv io E]K my iorajrioc FVAv* eok io pe}{if|je}

}|}ej FVAv* io {nl klvico eok gaoi{a}ioc ab klrljapglo{ pajifilv eok v{}e{lcilv* eok p}arikl

bjl~imjl b|okioc ba} FVA fepefi{y m|ijkioc {a gll{ fagg|oi{y ollkv* jaocl} b|okioc {igl b}eglv*

eok epp}ap}ie{ljy ba}g|je{lk ioba}ge{iao ao kaoa} p}ac}egglv ba} FVAv* io pe}{if|je} vgejj

FVAv ef{irl io E]K/

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7/28

0

Olpej ='6 Klflgml} =003

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Pl}| 6'; Klflgml} =003

Ril{oeg 3'> Klflgml} =003

V|gge}y pepl}v ba} lefn fa|o{}y sl}l p}lvlo{lk e{ e g|j{i'v{ehlnajkl} Ekriva}y C}a|pIo{l}oe{iaoej Ba}|g .ECIB) ao firij vafil{y eok eik lbblf{irlolvv* nljk io Ce{iole|* Feoeke* 6'2Blm}|e}y =00>/ [nl ECIB faovikl}lk {nl ekrifl b}ag {nl Pje{ba}g oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov k|}ioceo abbifiej sa}hvnap e{ {nl Ba}|g/ Eppjifemiji{y {a {nl ECv geoke{l }lgeiov e geda} baf|v ab{niv Vyo{nlviv ]lpa}{/

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12/28

2/ IOBA]GIOC [NL [N]LL EKRIVA]Y C]A\P A\[FAGLV4BIOKIOCV B]AG E]K

[niv vlf{iao vyo{nlvivlv {nl rilsv eok raiflv l~p}lvvlk eok fajje{lk ao {nl {n}ll EC a|{faglv

ef}avv ejj 56 oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov/ [nl faov|j{e{iao biokiocv p}lvlo{lk mljas iklo{iby e}lev }lj'

lreo{ {a E]K caejv {ne{ vna|jk ioba}g ma{n {nl EC eok {nl EL ecloke/

2/5/ EC A\[FAGL 5 ]LFACOI[IAO EOK RAIFL

Ev oa{lk emarl* FVAv sa}hioc io E]K* my ri}{|l ab {nli} fjavl }lje{iaovnipv si{n {nli} faov{i'

{|lo{v* feo pjey eo igpa}{eo{ }ajl io }lp}lvlo{ioc {nli} io{l}lv{v si{n ma{n carl}oglo{v eok

kaoa}v/ Io bef{* }|}ej'mevlk FVAv b}lu|lo{jy nerl e vicoibifeo{ iobj|lofl ao jafej carl}oglo{ X3W

snlo iorajrlk io pjeooioc* faa}kioe{ioc eok kljirl}ioc carl}oglo{ p}ac}egglv/ Faovlu|lo{jy*

{nly e}l igpa}{eo{ v{ehlnajkl}v ba} carl}oglo{ eok kaoa}v {a ekreofl klflo{}ejive{iao eok kl'

faoflo{}e{iao lbba}{v/

[nl igpa}{eofl ab klgaf}e{if asol}vnip ab eik sev b}lu|lo{jy }eivlk ef}avv {nl faov|j{e{iaov4

pe}{ifipeo{v v{e{lk {ne{ {nl raiflv ab FVAv g|v{ ml nle}k io oe{iaoej klrljapglo{ pjeov* pajifilv

eok p}aflvvlv/ [nly fagpjeiolk {ne{ faov|j{e{iaov si{n FVAv {a b}egl klrljapglo{ eclokev

sl}l jigi{lk* eok ab{lo aojy iofj|klk e bls je}cl FVAv* snijl gav{ ab {nl jafej FVAv ef{irl io

E]K* pe}{if|je}jy }|}ej FVAv* sl}l vljkag ib lrl} faov|j{lk/ Io bef{* io Olpej* {nl}l iv oa oe{iaoej'

jlrlj }lfacoi{iao ab FVA fao{}im|{iaov {a E]K4 aojy ema|{ nejb ab {nl FVAv io{l}rilslk io jafej

kiv{}if{v k|}ioc {nl faov|j{e{iao sl}l }lfacoivlk my {nli} }lvplf{irl kaoa}v* fagg|oi{ilv* a}

jafej carl}oglo{v ba} {nli} pl}ba}geofl eok lbblf{irl }lv|j{v* a} my l~{l}oej a}ceoive{iaov eok

carl}oglo{ eclofilv ba} {nli} efnilrlglo{v/

Carl}oglo{ eok kaoa} }lp}lvlo{e{irlv sna e{{loklk {nl sa}hvnap io Ga}affa efhoasjlkclk{nl }ajl eok {nl fao{}im|{iao {ne{ geoy FVAv ef{irl io E]K pjey io igp}arioc v{eoke}kv ab jirioc*

parl}{y }lk|f{iao* io{}ak|fioc ols {lfnoajacy eok iob}ev{}|f{|}l io E]K/ I{ sev faggaojy ba|ok

ef}avv {nl faov|j{e{iaov {ne{ FVAv pavvlvv eok feo }ljey igpa}{eo{ ioba}ge{iao ema|{ {nl f|}'

}lo{ vi{|e{iao ao {nl c}a|ok* e{ {nl c}evv}aa{v jlrlj/ FVAv ef{irl io E]K io M|}hioe Beva* ba}

l~egpjl* e}l }lfacoivlk ba} {nli} }ajlv ev {nly sa}h ejaocvikl {nl carl}oglo{ io {nl klvico ab

klrljapglo{ pajifilv* p}arikl v|ppa}{ io vlf{a}v snl}l carl}oglo{ nev iov|bbifilo{ }lva|}flv*

}lioba}fl fepefi{y ab p}ak|fl}v* nljp a}ceoivl v{ehlnajkl}v io {nl ec}if|j{|}ej vlf{a} eok pl}'

ba}g ese}lolvv'}eivioc eok gaoi{a}ioc b|of{iaov/

Io eoy fevl* bls FVAv nerl ma{n {nl b|okioc eok n|geo'}lva|}fl fepefi{y {a pe}{ifipe{l eok

locecl ao ivv|lv ab eik lbblf{irlolvv/ B|}{nl}* }|}ej e}lev {ne{ e}l oa{ paji{ifejjy a}ceoivlk nerl

oa glfneoivgv {a jl{ {nli} raiflv ml nle}k .Pl}| Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ Iokllk* }|}ej FVAv e}l

vicoibifeo{jy kivekreo{eclk io geoy evplf{v* iofj|kioc jigi{lk fepefi{y* vgejj vitl* clac}epnif}lga{lolvv* eok l~fj|viao b}ag oe{iaoej p}aflvvlv/ ]|}ej'mevlk FVAv e}l b}lu|lo{jy ivaje{lk

oa{ aojy clac}epnifejjy* m|{ f|j{|}ejjy* vafiejjy eok jioc|iv{ifejjy/ [niv }lk|flv appa}{|oi{ilv ba}

ioba}ge{iao l~fneocl* fepefi{y m|ijkioc* eok fao{ef{ si{n carl}oglo{* kaoa}v eok a{nl} FVAv

sa}hioc ao E]K/

Arl}ejj* {nl p}ariviao ab loemjioc lori}aoglo{v eok {nl iof}levlk fje}ibife{iao ab FVA }ajlv io eik

eok klrljapglo{ lbblf{irlolvv sl}l vllo ev vicoibifeo{ bef{a}v io ekreofioc {nl EL ecloke/ Ba}

iov{eofl* {nl Carl}oglo{ ab Meocjeklvn nev effa}klk }lfacoi{iao {a FVAv ev klrljapglo{ pe}{'

ol}v eok lv{emjivnlk eo OCA Ebbei}v M|}le| {ne{ p}ariklv vl}riflv {a FVAv* jlci{igivioc {nli}

b|okioc b}ag em}aek .Meocjeklvn Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/

50

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X3WPaa} }|}ej carl}oeofl

sev u|i{l faggao eokab pe}{if|je}

vicoibifeofl io Je{ioEgl}ife .Oife}ec|e

eok Pl}| Oe{iaoejFaov|j{e{iaov)/


13/28

2/=/ EC A\[FAGL = EPPJYIOC EOK LO]IFNIOC [NL EIK LBBLF[IRLOLVV ECLOKE

Mlfe|vl ab {nli} kiv{iof{ }ajl vl}rioc eok }lp}lvlo{ioc {nli} faov{i{|lo{v* FVAv feo gehl e fao'

{}im|{iao {a kaoa}'carl}oglo{ ejicoglo{ si{n fagg|oi{y ollkv ev sljj ev {a gaoi{a}ioc {nl

lbblf{irlolvv ab re}ia|v klrljapglo{ io{l}rlo{iaov/ Naslrl}* {niv }lu|i}lv eo EL ecloke {ne{ iv

v|bbifilo{jy bjl~imjl {a effaggake{l {ne{ |oiu|lolvv ev sljj ev {nl epp}ap}ie{l fepefi{y eok sijj'

iocolvv ao {nl pe}{ ab ejj pe}{ol}v {a mlolbi{ b}ag i{/

[nl EL kivfa|}vl nev garlk ao vicoibifeo{jy viofl {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao io =00< eok e geda}i{y ab

klrljapglo{ ef{a}v nerl oa{ aojy }lfacoivlk {nl igpa}{eofl ab locecioc FVAv io {nl EL ecloke8

{nly nerl ejva efhoasjlkclk {nl jigi{lk appa}{|oi{ilv ba} FVAv {a locecl io e p}aflvv b}ag

snifn {nly nerl mllo lvvlo{iejjy agi{{lk .vll p}lria|v vlf{iao* 2/5)/ [niv pe}{iejjy l~pjeiov sny*

io {nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iaov* rl}y bls FVAv .geiojy {nl je}cl} aolv)* sl}l ese}l ab {nl EL p}io'

fipjlv fao{eiolk io {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao a} io i{v bajjas'|p faov|j{e{iao p}aflvv/

Io ekki{iao* io vagl fevlv* {nl EL p}aflvv eok ecloke sl}l oa{ sljj |okl}v{aak my vagl car'

l}oglo{ abbifiejv e{{lokioc {nl faov|j{e{iaov .Cneoe!Geji!Olpej Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iaov)/

Faovlu|lo{jy* e }lrivlk EL ecloke {ne{ ma{n }lfacoivlv {nl pa{lo{iej iop|{ ab FVAv eok {nli}

jlci{igefy ev klrljapglo{ ef{a}v* io {l}gv ab {nli} }icn{ {a pe}{ifipe{l* iv lvvlo{iej ib {nl ecloke

iv {a ml }ljlreo{ eok b|of{iaoejjy eppjifemjl/

Io ekki{iao {a jefh ab ese}lolvv egaoc pe}{ol}v* {nl fepefi{y ab vyv{lgv* p}aflvvlv eok pe}{ifi'

peo{v pjeyv e hly }ajl io igpjlglo{ioc {nl EL ecloke/ FVAv ef{irl io E]K io Olpej ka oa{ bllj

eoy asol}vnip ab {nli} eik'v|ppa}{lk ioi{ie{irlv* k|l {a {nl flo{}ejivlk pjeooioc eok igpjlglo{e'

{iao p}aflvv eok EL glfneoivgv f|}}lo{jy p}ef{ivlk/ Io Fegmakie* }|}ej FVAv sa}h gav{jy si{n

jafej e|{na}i{ilv eok {n|v jefh hoasjlkcl ab carl}oglo{ bioeofiej vyv{lgv eok EL glfneoivgv/

[nl Fegmakieo FVAv fjeiglk {ne{ {nli} carl}oglo{ nek olrl} evhlk {nlg {a vne}l {nli} gaoi'{a}ioc }lv|j{v oa} {a {ehl pe}{ io {nl gaoi{a}ioc eok lrej|e{iao p}aflvv a} a{nl} EL glfneoivgv/

Faofl}ov sl}l ejva }eivlk e}a|ok u|lv{iaov ab asol}vnip eok effa|o{emiji{y eok {nli} }lje{iao'

vnip {a {nl fagg|oi{y mlioc vl}rlk/ FVAv io {nl Ebcneoiv{eo Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao fejjlk ba} {nl

EL ecloke baf|v {a ml flo{}lk ga}l ao {nl plapjl ba} snag {nl eik iv gleo{* }e{nl} {neo baf|v'

ioc aojy ao {nl }lfipilo{ carl}oglo{ eok i{v |okl}v{eokioc ab asol}vnip/ FVAv ef{irl io E]K io

Oife}ec|e sl}l ejva faofl}olk {ne{ eik iv ab{lo |vlk {a gll{ kaoa}v aso ba}lico eok lfaoagif

pajify io{l}lv{v snijl icoa}ioc {nl ollkv ab {nl gav{ r|jol}emjl c}a|pv/ Ekki{iaoejjy* oe{iaoej

faov|j{e{iao pe}{ifipeo{v io Pl}| blj{ {ne{ ji{{jl p}ac}lvv feo ml gekl ao carl}oeofl a} klrljap'

glo{ my l~fj|kioc FVAv* lvplfiejjy }|}ej evvafie{iaov* fagg|oi{ilv eok vafiej garlglo{v/ [nly

evvl}{lk {ne{* io a}kl} {a b|jjy efnilrl {nl l~plf{lk a|{fagl io EL* e ols maky ab }lc|je{iaov {a

arl}vll ma{n FVA eok carl}oglo{ pl}ba}geofl sev }lu|i}lk/

Naslrl}* {nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iaov kik p}arikl eo appa}{|oi{y ba} FVAv {a efu|i}l e ml{{l}

|okl}v{eokioc ab {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao eok EL/ [niv faov{i{|{lk eo igpa}{eo{ }lv|j{ io pe}{iejjy

efnilrioc {nl vlfaok EC a|{fagl/ L~egpjlv4

Bajjasioc {nl Meocjeklvn Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao* e FVA }lbl}lofl c}a|p sev f}le{lk eok i{ sijj

fao{io|l {a ekk}lvv EL io {nl E]K vlf{a}/

Pe}{ifipeo{v io ma{n {nl oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov io Ga}affa eok Ril{oeg v|cclv{lk {nl lv{emjivn'

glo{ ab e vyv{lg {ne{ sijj p}arikl faov{}|f{irl {lfnoifej v|pl}riviao eok gaoi{a}ioc ab ef{iri{ilv

my {nl carl}oglo{ eok kaoa}v* eok eo ioba}ge{iao flo{}l {a p}arikl }ljiemjl* FVA'}lje{lk

va|}flv ab ioba}ge{iao eok }lva|}flv ba} lov|}ioc kivvlgioe{iao ab caak p}ef{ifl ga}l sikljy/

]|}ej FVA pe}{ifipeo{v io {nl M|}hioe Beva Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao }lfacoivlk {nl ollk {a }lio'

ba}fl {nli} fepefi{y {a fao{}im|{l ga}l lbblf{irljy {a {nl klvico* igpjlglo{e{iao* gaoi{a}ioc eok

lrej|e{iao ab eik eok klrljapglo{* fajjema}e{l si{n a{nl} klrljapglo{ v{ehlnajkl}v* v{}loc{nlo

jafej l~pl}{ivl eok igp}arl efflvv {a p}ak|f{iao iop|{v/

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14/28

2/6/ EC A\[FAGL 6 ' IGP]ARLK \OKL]V[EOKIOC AB CAAK P]EF[IFL

FVAv eok {nli} p}ige}y faov{i{|lo{v

Io l~egioioc {niv }lje{iaovnip {a kl{l}giol FVAv emiji{y {a ef{ ev eclo{v ab klrljapglo{ io v|p'

pa}{ ab {nli} faov{i{|lofilv* e faggao biokioc ef}avv {nl 56 oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov sev {ne{

}|}ej FVAv* pe}{if|je}jy vgejjl} FVAv* e}l rl}y fjavl {a {nli} glgml}v/ Ab{lo* {nli} }lje{iaovnip

iv p}ige}ijy mevlk ao fagg|oi{y pe}{ifipe{iao io pjeooioc eok igpjlglo{e{iao p}aflvvlv .Olpej

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ FVAv ef{irl io E]K ejva gamijivl fagg|oi{ilv ab faggao io{l}lv{ io

vgejjl} b|of{iaoej pll} c}a|pv {ne{ gehl klfiviaov ba} pjeooioc eok igpjlglo{e{iao ab jafej'

jlrlj ef{iri{ilv/ Io bef{* {nl gav{ v{}ihioc l~pl}iloflv vne}lk egaoc pe}{ifipeo{v sl}l {navl

l~p}lvvlk my {nl glgml}v ab kiv{eo{ }|}ej fagg|oi{ilv .l/c/ Fegmakie* Ga}affa Oe{iaoej

Faov|j{e{iaov)/

Egaoc {nl fnejjloclv pe}{ifipeo{v beflk sl}l faofl}o arl} eklu|e{l |okl}v{eokioc ab {nli}

ollkv eok p}ia}i{ilv* {nl ollk {a {ehl ol|{}ej pavi{iaov {ase}kv plapjl ab re}ia|v paji{ifej* f|j'{|}ej a} }ljicia|v ebbijie{iaov* eok {nl ollk ba} mlioc effa|o{emjl {a* eok {}eovpe}lo{ si{n* FVAv

io clol}ej/ Io ekki{iao* pe}{ifipeo{v veik {ne{ {aa ab{lo* carl}oglo{v* kaoa}v eok Oa}{nl}o FVAv

klvico eik si{na|{ v|bbifilo{ faov|j{e{iao si{n jafej }|}ej fagg|oi{y glgml}v* oa{ioc {ne{ {nl}l

iv vljkag eoy pe}{ifipe{a}y l~l}fivl ba} jafej E]K pjeyl}v .Ebcneoiv{eo!Meocjeklvn!Lcyp{

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iaov)/

FVAv sl}l ejva iklo{ibilk ev pjeyioc e |vlb|j }ajl io geoecioc ba} klrljapglo{ }lv|j{v {n}a|cn

fepefi{y klrljapglo{ glev|}lv* snifn loemjl pe}{ol}v {a faapl}e{l ga}l lbblf{irljy/ [nl |{iji'

ve{iao ab jafej }|}ej vhijjv io p}amjlg iklo{ibife{iao eok io gaoi{a}ioc eok }lrilsioc ab p}a'

c}egglv io E]K fao{}im|{lk vicoibifeo{jy {a loneofioc EL* eok {a {nl efflp{eofl ab {nl FVA

p}lvlofl e{ {nl jafej jlrlj .Ebcneoiv{eo Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ Sa}hioc si{n jafej }|}ej fagg|'

oi{ilv eok lofa|}ecioc jafej asol}vnip faov{i{|{l caak EL p}ef{iflv* ej{na|cn* ev {nl FegmakieoFVA pe}{ifipeo{v |okl}jiolk* ejj p}adlf{ a} p}ac}eggl sa}kioc eok p}aflk|}lv nerl {a ml vigpjl

eok p}ef{ifej io a}kl} {a lov|}l pe}{ifipe{iao b}ag {nl fagg|oi{ilv/

]lje{iaovnipv ml{sllo eok egaoc FVAv e{ {nl fa|o{}y jlrlj eok mlyaok

[nlvl kivf|vviaov }lrajrlk e}a|ok {nl emiji{y ab FVAv {a |vl eik lbblf{irljy io {nli} klrljapglo{

eok ekrafefy sa}h {n}a|cn fajjema}e{iao/ Arl}ejj* }|}ej FVAv e}l ab{lo loceclk io daio{ ef{iaov

io ec}if|j{|}ej l~{loviao* baak vlf|}i{y eok ekrafefy* }lbjlf{ioc faggao ollkv eok vne}lk fao'

fl}ov/ [nly gamijivl l~iv{ioc FVA ol{sa}hv* eok p}arikl appa}{|oi{ilv ba} loneoflk fajjema}e'

{iao egaoc jafej eok oe{iaoej FVAv ef{irl io E]K ev sljj ev {nli} aso faov{i{|lo{v/ [nl Pl}|

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao }lrlejlk {ne{ fajjema}e{iao ml{sllo FVAv* {nl glkie* jafej c}evv}aa{v

a}ceoive{iaov eok carl}oglo{ io {nl kiejac|l ao b}ll {}ekl ec}llglo{v loneoflk ma{n EL eok

E]K appa}{|oi{ilv/

[nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iaov io Cneoe eok Geji vnaslk {ne{ FVAv }lu|i}l ma{n e gioig|g kie'

jac|l si{nio {nl E]K vlf{a} eok e faggao }|}ej jammyioc v{}e{lcy si{n {nl jlcivje{irl e|{na}i{y*

ma{n e{ {nl oe{iaoej eok jafej jlrljv/ [niv iofj|klv daio{ lbba}{v si{n FVAv ef{irl ao clokl} eok

lori}aoglo{ej ivv|lv io pe}{if|je}/ Io Meocjeklvn* FVAv vllh {a lov|}l {ne{ eik }lva|}flv e}l

ap{igivlk my fajjema}e{ioc {n}a|cn daio{ jammyioc* |gm}ljje a}ceoive{iaov eok pe}{ol}vnipv {a

ce{nl} ioba}ge{iao ao eik ioi{ie{irlv io {nli} }lciaov eok fagg|oi{ilv/

Naslrl}* {nl faov|j{e{iaov ejva |okl}vfa}lk {nl kibbif|j{ilv lofa|o{l}lk my FVAv io lv{emjivnioc

fajjema}e{iao e{ {nl fa|o{}y jlrlj/ [nlvl iofj|kl olce{irl }irej}y ml{sllo c}a|pv* givvlk appa}'

{|oi{ilv eok jlekl}vnip p}amjlgv/ Ljvlsnl}l* iov|bbifilo{ faa}kioe{iao* jefh ab ne}gaoivlk

epp}aefnlv* ioeklu|e{l b|jbijglo{ ab faggi{glo{v eok jefh ab {}eovpe}lofy nerl ejva mllofaggaojy iklo{ibilk ev f|}}lo{ fnejjloclv/

5=

B

IOKIO

CVB]AGE

]K


15/28

\ok|l paji{ifive{iao io {nl eik vlf{a} eok egaoc FVAv nev ejva niokl}lk loemjioc lori}aoglo{v

.Olpej Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ Ab{lo* FVAv sijj aojy sa}h io fajjema}e{iao si{n jihl'gioklk

a}ceoive{iaov nerioc vigije} paji{ifej iklajacilv/ E{ {nl vegl {igl* geoy ab {nl gav{ ge}cioej

c}a|pv io }|}ej e}lev nerl klrljaplk {nli} aso oa}gv* }|jlv ab mlneria|} eok vajike}i{y ol{'

sa}hv {a p}arikl {nlgvljrlv si{n e gakif|g ab vljb'p}a{lf{iao eok iofj|viao/ Ba} iov{eofl* io

Gategmiu|l* {nl faov|j{e{iao vnaslk {ne{ na|vlnajk'mevlk ol{sa}hv* m|ij{ ao }lciaoej a}icio a}

}ljicia|v ebbijie{iao* ejva p}arikl e slm ab g|{|ej evviv{eofl* ev eo lv{ige{lk 20, ab {nl pap|je'

{iao jirl effa}kioc {a {}eki{iaoej oa}gv eok v{}|f{|}lv si{n ji{{jl oa{iao ab {nl v{e{l* ba}gej jesv

a} {nli} }icn{v/

]lje{iaovnipv ml{sllo Oa}{nl}o eok Va|{nl}o FVAv

[nlvl kivf|vviaov baf|vlk ao jafej asol}vnip* pe}{ol}vnip* faa}kioe{iao eok ne}gaoive{iao eok

g|{|ej effa|o{emiji{y/ Oa}{nl}o X>W FVAv sl}l vllo ev nerioc e nicnl} klc}ll ab ese}lolvv ab

EL* eok sl}l ga}l p}aef{irl* nerioc c}le{l} fepefi{y {a gamijivl }lva|}flv .M|}hioe Beva* Pl}|

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iaov)/ Snijl {nl je}cl} Oa}{nl}o FVAv }lpa}{lk ao fajjema}e{irl epp}aefnlvsi{n lefn a{nl}* pe}{ifipe{iao ab {niv oe{|}l si{n jafej }|}ej FVAv sev ab{lo oao'l~iv{lo{

.Ga}affa Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ Sne{ pe}{ifipe{iao kik l~iv{ sev jigi{lk* a} i{ sev mevlk ao e

pe{}ao'fjilo{ }lje{iaovnip .Meocjeklvn* Fegmakie* Cneoe eok Geji faov|j{e{iaov)/ [niv sev k|l

{a }lv{}if{lk }lva|}flv* fepefi{y eok appa}{|oi{y* p}lrlo{ioc jafej FVAv ef{irl io E]K b}ag

locecioc io faa}kioe{iao lbba}{v/

Io ekki{iao* vgejjl} }|}ej FVAv io vlrl}ej fa|o{}ilv iklo{ibilk {nl kivekreo{eclv snlo Oa}{nl}o

FVAv l~lf|{l p}ac}egglv my {nlgvljrlv* iofj|kioc {igl'faov{}eiolk ef{iaov* jefh ab asol}vnip

my mlolbifie}ilv* jefh ab hoasjlkcl ab f|}}lo{ E]K faoki{iaov eok ollkv* eok ijj'ekep{lk p}a'

c}egglv/ Veje}y kiv{a}{iaov* {nl f}le{iao ab klploklofl eok gaoi{a}ioc p}amjlgv sl}l ejva

|okl}jiolk/ [nl mikkioc p}aflvv my kaoa}v ba} vljlf{ioc klrljapglo{ pe}{ol}v {a ioi{ie{l klrljap'

glo{ sa}h sev ba|ok {a ml |ol{nifej eok ioepp}ap}ie{l* ev i{ l~fj|klk vgejjl} FVAv.Meocjeklvn Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ [nlvl FVAv blj{ {ne{ kaoa}v vna|jk kivfao{io|l {nl mikkioc

p}aflvv eok locecl vlf{a}'sikl l~pl}iloflk FVAv ev klrljapglo{ pe}{ol}v/ [nl pe}{ifipeo{v io

{nl M|}hioe Beva Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao viocjlk a|{ g|{|ej }lvplf{ ev {nl geio ljlglo{ ollklk

{a igp}arl b|{|}l fajjema}e{iao ml{sllo Oa}{nl}o eok Va|{nl}o FVAv/

]lje{iaovnipv ml{sllo FVAv eok klrljapioc'fa|o{}y carl}oglo{v

[nl kivf|vviao ema|{ loemjioc lori}aoglo{v eok }lje{iaov ml{sllo firij vafil{y eok carl}oglo{v

ejva nicnjicn{lk {nl ollk ba} g|{|ej }lvplf{/ E faggao biokioc ef}avv geoy oe{iaoej faov|j{e'

{iaov lgpnevivlk {nl sleh g|{|ej |okl}v{eokioc eok }lvplf{ ba} {nl kibbl}lo{ }ajlv pjeylk my

carl}oglo{ eok FVAv/ Pe}{ifipeo{v glo{iaolk {ne{ {nl carl}oglo{ sev egmirejlo{ io i{v }lje'

{iaovnip si{n FVAv4 snlo FVAv sl}l loceclk io vl}rifl kljirl}y ef{iri{ilv* {nl carl}oglo{ sev

io{l}lv{lk eok fao{lo{8 faorl}vljy* snlo FVAv p|}v|lk {nli} ekrafefy ioi{ie{irlv* {nl carl}o'glo{ sev jlvv epp}lfie{irl/ [nly ejva oa{lk {ne{ FVAv ka oa{ ab{lo pe}{ifipe{l io {nl carl}oglo{

gaoi{a}ioc p}aflvvlv* oa} ka {nly iori{l {nl carl}oglo{ {a {ehl pe}{ io {nli} aso FVA'jlk

p}aflvvlv io {nl E]K vlf{a} .Fegmakie Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ [niv sev ejva {nl fevl io Pl}|*

snl}l {nl }lje{iaovnip }lgeiov b}ecijl eok {lo{e{irl* si{n ji{{jl vne}ioc ab ioba}ge{iao eok pjeo'

oioc ml{sllo FVAv eok carl}oglo{ .Pl}| Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ [aa geoy gioiv{}ilv sl}l

iorajrlk* eok bls klrljapioc fa|o{}ilv nerl sljj'faa}kioe{lk glfneoivgv io pjefl* gehioc

loceclglo{ si{n carl}oglo{ fnejjlocioc .Ebcneoiv{eo!Fegmakie Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/

Io ekki{iao* {nl f|}}lo{ kaoa} {}lok ab fneooljjioc evviv{eofl {n}a|cn {nl carl}oglo{ .ki}lf{

m|kcl{ v|ppa}{) nev fneoclk {nl }ajl ab FVAv* ba}fioc {nlg {a garl b}ag {nl kljirl}y ab vpl'

fiejivlk vl}riflv {a gl}l igpjlglo{l}v ab re}ia|v oe{iaoej p}ia}i{y p}ac}egglv .l/c/

Ebcneoiv{eo!Meocjeklvn Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iaov)/ Geoy pe}{ifipeo{v blj{ {ne{ {nl |oba}{|oe{lvikl'lbblf{ ab fneocioc kaoa} p}ef{iflv {n}le{lov {a }lv{}if{ {nl l~{lo{ {a snifn FVAv ef{irl io

E]K feo ml bjl~imjl eok kyoegif io {nli} epp}aefn {a eik eok klrljapglo{ ev fejjlk ba} io EC

A|{fagl 5/ I{ ejva pa{lo{iejjy jigi{v {nl l~{lo{ {a snifn {nlvl FVAv feo baf|v ao {nl gav{ r|j'

ol}emjl eok baak'iovlf|}l c}a|pv/ [n|v* e }lk|flk }ajl ba} }|}ej FVAv io pe}{if|je}* gey }lv|j{

BIOKIOCV

B]AGE

]K

56

X>WE o|gml} ab FVA

pe}{ifipeo{v ejva oa{lk{nl ollk ba} e kiv{iof{i'ao ml{sllo oe{iaoejeok io{l}oe{iaoej FVAv.Ebcneoiv{eo Oe{iaoejFaov|j{e{iao)/

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16/28

io jigi{ioc iooare{iao eok }lk|fioc {nl arl}ejj pj|}eji{y ab EL epp}aefnlv ev sljj ev k}eioioc

e{{lo{iao esey b}ag E]K ese}lolvv'}eivioc p}adlf{v/

]lje{iaovnipv ml{sllo FVAv eok kaoa}v

Io vagl faov|j{e{iaov* geoy jafej FVAv {loklk {a pl}flirl {nl iov{i{|{iaoej kaoa}v ev gl}l

va|}flv ab b|okv }e{nl} {neo klrljapglo{ pe}{ol}v/ Jihl carl}oglo{v* kaoa}v ejva nek e {lo'

klofy {a {}le{ FVAv ev fao{}ef{a}v* }e{nl} {neo pe}{ol}v* {a igpjlglo{ {nli} v{}e{lcilv

.Ebcneoiv{eo Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/ Pe}{ifipeo{v io {nl Meocjeklvn Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao ejva

evvl}{lk {ne{ jafej E]K p}ia}i{ilv eok ollkv sl}l oa{ iofa}pa}e{lk io{a kaoa} p}ac}eggl

klvico8 {ne{ p}adlf{ {igl b}eglv sl}l ioeklu|e{l8 {ne{ v|fn p}adlf{v sl}l iokibbl}lo{ {a {nl

fepefi{y'm|ijkioc ollkv ab vgejjl} FVAv8 eok {ne{ g|{|ej effa|o{emiji{y }lgeiolk e faofl}o/

Naslrl}* snijl FVAv ab{lo pjey e se{fnkac }ajl* {nly e}l ejva }lfipilo{v ab kaoa} b|okioc/

Faggao io geoy faov|j{e{iaov* FVAv sl}l ba|ok {a ml ga}l effa|o{emjl {a kaoa}v sna p}arikl

b|okioc {neo {a {nl |j{ige{l }lfipilo{v ab {ne{ b|okioc/ [niv vicoibifeo{jy jigi{v {nl l~{lo{ {a snifnFVAv feo ml a|{vpahlo io {nli} }lp}lvlo{e{iao ab {nl iokirik|ejv eok fagg|oi{ilv {nly vl}rl

.Ebcneoiv{eo!Oife}ec|e Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/

Pe}{ifipeo{v ejva ab{lo }lge}hlk {ne{ kaoa}v beijlk {a v|bbifilo{jy locecl gleoiocb|jjy si{n FVAv

io }|}ej e}lev* eok ev e }lv|j{* io{l}rlo{iaov sl}l oa{ ev lbblf{irl ev {nly fa|jk ml/ Kaoa}v fa|jk

fao{}im|{l io igp}arioc EL io E]K* i{ sev v|cclv{lk* my iorajrioc FVAv io {nl klvico eok gaoi'

{a}ioc ab klrljapglo{ pajifilv eok v{}e{lcilv8 effagpeoyioc eok v|ppa}{ioc {nlg {a lov|}l {ne{

{nly efu|i}l {nl pasl} eok raifl {nly klvl}rl8 eok }lioba}fioc {nli} }ajlv ev befiji{e{a}v eok p}a'

ga{l}v ab pe}{ifipe{a}y p}aflvvlv/

Io ekki{iao* kaoa}v fa|jk fao{}im|{l {a igp}arioc FVA lbblf{irlolvv my bioeofioc ioi{ie{irlv {a f}l'

e{l E]K sa}hioc c}a|pv eok my v|ppa}{ioc {nli} pe}{ifipe{iao io faov|j{e{irl b}eglsa}hv eokfepefi{y'm|ijkioc ab jafej FVAv ef{irl io E]K/ Io v|g* kaoa}v ollk {a l~pja}l ols gakeji{ilv ba}

locecioc FVAv eok ejjasioc {nlg efflvv {a }lva|}flv {n}a|cn jafej b|okvX9W .M|}hioe Beva

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)* eok a{nl} b|okioc glfneoivgv v|fn ev e mejeofl ml{sllo vlf{a}'sikl

epp}aefnlv eok p}adlf{ b|okioc .Gategmiu|l Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao)/

5;

BIO

KIOC

VB]A

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X9WJafej b|okv e}l egleov my snifn

klgeok'k}irlo vgejj}lva|}flv ba} E]K e}l

{e}cl{lk ki}lf{jy{ase}kv jafej fagg|'

oi{ilv* v{ig|je{iocpe}{ol}vnipv ml{slloFVAv eok kaoa}v eok

jlekioc {a c}le{l}faapl}e{iao egaoc

g|j{ipjl jafej v{ehl'najkl}v/ Naslrl}* {nly{ypifejjy p}arikl aojyvgejj raj|glv* nerl

vna}{ {igl b}eglv* eokvljkag b|ok FVA

fepefi{y klrljapglo{/ ?


17/28

3/ LGL]CIOC CAAK P]EF[IFLV IO E]KEOK EIK LBBLF[IRLOLVV P]IOFIPJLV

[nl caej ba} NJB6 iv {a }lrils p}ac}lvv eok amv{efjlv io {nl igpjlglo{e{iao ab {nl Pe}iv Klfje'

}e{iao* eok ab {nl EL faggi{glo{v gekl my kaoa}v eok klrljapioc fa|o{}y carl}oglo{v/ E

geda} geoke{l ab {niv Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iao iv {a p}arikl ekrifl {a {nl EC eok NJB6/ Eoa{nl}

sev {a befiji{e{l {nl iofj|viao ab FVA raiflv* ef{irl io E]K* io {nl kiejac|l ao {nl EL ecloke/

Naslrl}* EL eppjilv {a FVAv io e sey {ne{ gehlv FVAv ri{ej* kiv{iof{ fao{}im|{a}v {a {nl v|fflvv

ab {nl EL ecloke/ Io {nl Pje{ba}g'jlk faov|j{e{iao* FVAv pasl}b|jjy raiflk {nli} klvi}l {a mlcio*

l~{lok a} io{loviby {nli} faggi{glo{v {a {nl EL ecloke/ Ev }lfacoivlk ef{a}v eok kaoa}v io

{nli} aso }icn{ si{nio {nl ols eik e}fni{lf{|}l* FVAv evpi}l {a locecl a{nl} kaoa}v* carl}o'

glo{v* lrlo Oa}{nl}o FVAv io ekk}lvvioc klgaf}e{if asol}vnip eok biokioc {nl gleov ba} {nli}

iofj|viao io{a {nl EL ecloke/ V|fn fao{}im|{iaov {a eik eok klrljapglo{ evviv{eofl iofj|kl }|}ej

c}evv}aa{v pe}{ifipe{iao* iooare{irl epp}aefnlv* v{}e{lcif ol{sa}hioc* pajify kiejac|l eok gaoi'

{a}ioc eok effa|o{emiji{y/

[nl bajjasioc vlf{iao p|{v ba}se}k jlvvaov jle}olk eok caak p}ef{iflv |okl}{ehlo my FVAv {ne{

gicn{ fao{}im|{l {a eok lo}ifn {nl igpjlglo{e{iao ab {nl birl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao EL p}iofipjlv/

Ba} geoy FVAv* {nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iao sev eo appa}{|oi{y {a begijie}ivl {nlgvljrlv si{n {nl

EL p}iofipjlv8 ao affeviao* vagl sl}l lrlo garlk {a gehl vna}{ vljb'evvlvvglo{v ab {nli}

fepefi{y eok eklu|efy io efnilrioc EL eok klrljapglo{ lbblf{irlolvv/

E faggao ivv|l ef}avv {nl 56 oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov* naslrl}* sev {nl kibbif|j{y ab kiv{ioc|ivn'

ioc ml{sllo lbblf{irl eik eok eik lbblf{irlolvv/ Pe}{ifipeo{v veik p}adlf{v ab{lo baf|vlk ao vna}{'

{l}g }lv|j{v k}irlo my kaoa}* carl}oglo{ eok Oa}{nl}o FVA p}ia}i{ilv* i}}lvplf{irl ab E]K caejv*

{n|v faob|vioc lbblf{irlolvv si{n lbbifilofy/ Si{n {niv io giok* {nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iaov gekl

pe}{if|je} lbba}{v {a ekk}lvv {niv kiv{iof{iao io {nl vle}fn ba} eok iklo{ibife{iao ab jlvvaov b}agl~pl}ilofl io caak p}ef{ifl egaocv{ {nl biokiocv b}ag {nl faov|j{e{iaov/ Geoy ab {nlvl jlvvaov

fagpijlk b}ag {nl Pje{ba}g'jlk faov|j{e{iao e}l vne}lk mljas ejaoc {nl birl eik lbblf{irlolvv

p}iofipjlv ev ba|ok io {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao/ [niv vlf{iao ab {nl Vyo{nlviv ]lpa}{ ejva a|{jiolv

vagl FVA f}i{ifivg ab* eok faofl}o ema|{* {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao eok i{v igpjlglo{e{iao ev sljj

ev vplfibif }lfaggloke{iaov ba} {nl EC eok NJB6/

3/5 FA\O[]Y ASOL]VNIP

[niv bi}v{ ab birl EL p}iofipjlv {a|fnlv ao lbblf{irl jlekl}vnip my klrljapioc fa|o{}ilv io {nl

klvico eok geoeclglo{ ab {nli} klrljapglo{ pajifilv eok v{}e{lcilv* eok {nl faa}kioe{iao ab

klrljapglo{ ef{iaov/ Io Ril{oeg* ba} iov{eofl* FVAv ef{irl io E]K raiflk faofl}ov arl} {nl jefh

ab vpefl ba} FVAv io {nl Neoai Fa}l V{e{lglo{ .NFV)* {nl oe{iaoej ef{iao pjeo {a igp}arl lbblf'{irlolvv io {nl |vl ab eik* eok i{v v|v{eioemiji{y/ Io bef{* {nl NFV iv rilslk ev aojy e }lv{e{lglo{

ab {nl Pe}iv Klfje}e{iao eok oa{ e pjeo si{n p}ef{ifej eppjifemiji{y {a v|v{eioemjl jirljinaakv* }|}ej

parl}{y a} baak vlf|}i{y* ba} l~egpjl/

Geoy a{nl} FVAv nerl geio{eiolk vigije} rilsv ao oe{iaoej klrljapglo{ v{}e{lcilv* ab{lo olca'

{ie{lk je}cljy ml{sllo kaoa}v eok carl}oglo{* aojy }e}ljy si{n {nl pe}{ifipe{iao ab {nl je}clv{ ab

oe{iaoej FVAv ef{irl io E]K/ Io Ril{oeg* v{}aocl} ioba}ge{iao'vne}ioc io {nl pjeooioc ab eik

ef{iri{ilv }lv|j{lk io e ga}l }am|v{ |okl}v{eokioc ab jafej faoki{iaov/ Ej{na|cn {niv iv e caak

p}ef{ifl* i{ }eivlv {nl fnejjlocl ab p}arikioc ga}l fepefi{y klrljapglo{ ejaoc e }eocl ab {nlglv

io a}kl} {a iof}levl pe}{ol}vnip lbblf{irlolvv eok fajjema}e{iao/ Ib v|fn fepefi{y fa|jk ml klrlj'

aplk* naslrl}* i{ sa|jk p}arl p}abi{emjl ba} klrljapglo{/ I{ sa|jk ejva p}arikl e ga}l }am|v{

}ajl ba} }|}ej FVAv io {nl oe{iaoej kiejac|lv {ne{ }lv|j{ io {nl f}le{iao ab fagp}lnlovirl parl}{y}lk|f{iao eok c}as{n v{}e{lcilv/

5)/ [n|v ejicoglo{ ab FVA ef{iri{ilv eok }lva|}fl |vl

si{n jafej ollkv iv e pavi{irl l~egpjl ab EL/ E{ {nl fa|o{}y jlrlj* {nl oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iao io

Oife}ec|e }lrlejlk nas FVAv ef{irl io E]K e}l faofl}olk {ne{ eik iv ab{lo |vlk {a gll{ kaoa}v

aso ba}lico eok lfaoagif pajify io{l}lv{v snijl icoa}ioc {nl ollkv ab {nl gav{ r|jol}emjlc}a|pv* ev oa{lk emarl/ Si{na|{ {nl iofj|viao ab FVAv eok* io pe}{if|je}* }|}ej c|ijkv eok vafiej

garlglo{v* i{ sev blj{ {ne{ ji{{jl p}ac}lvv feo ml gekl io ejicoglo{ ab eik a} klrljapglo{/ Eik

bjasv* {nly ioviv{lk* ollk {a bejj io{a jiol si{n oe{iaoej klrljapglo{ pjeov eok fao{}im|{l {a e

p}aflvv ab lbblf{irl oe{iaoej klrljapglo{/ Oife}ec|eo FVAv ejva veik {ne{ {lfnoifej evviv{eofl

g|v{ ml ma{n klgeok'k}irlo eok ejicolk si{n oe{iaoej v{}e{lcilv/

3/6/ NE]GAOIVE[IAO

Kaoa}v g|v{ ne}gaoivl {nli} ef{iaov* |okl} {niv EL p}iofipjl* va {ne{ {nli} ef{iaov e}l ga}l

{}eovpe}lo{* p}lkif{emjl eok fajjlf{irljy lbblf{irl/ Ej{na|cn }e}ljy {a|fnlk |pao k|}ioc {nl

Pje{ba}gv oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov* {niv gey iofj|kl vlf{a}'sikl epp}aefnlv .VSEpv)* Parl}{y]lk|f{iao V{}e{lcy Pepl}v .P]VPv)* eok nljp ba} oe{iaoej klrljapglo{ v{}e{lcilv {n}a|cn ki}lf{

m|kcl{ v|ppa}{ eok daio{!mevhl{ b|okioc glfneoivgv/ [nl {}lok {a VSEpv eok ki}lf{ m|kcl{

v|ppa}{ sev v|ppa}{lk my vagl oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov m|{ }lfacoivlk ev {n}le{loioc {a FVA

b|okioc my a{nl}v .vll vlf{iao 2/6)/ E caak p}ef{ifl ab pe}{if|je} io{l}lv{ }lfacoivlk k|}ioc {nl

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao io Gategmiu|l sev {nl pavi{irl mejeofl geio{eiolk ml{sllo FIKE'jlk

VSEpv eok p}adlf{ b|okioc/

Geoy FVAv kik raifl faofl}o* naslrl}* arl} {nl v{}ioclo{ f}i{l}ie ab kaoa} eok Oa}{nl}o FVA

b|okioc/ [nl f}i{l}ie ab{lo ka oa{ olflvve}ijy }lvpaok {a oe{iaoej klrljapglo{ p}ia}i{ilv* eok

faobjif{ si{n jafej }|}ej klrljapglo{ caejv/ [niv ejva ebblf{v FVA effa|o{emiji{y {a jafej fao'

v{i{|lofilv* snifn iv pe}ega|o{ {a FVA fepefi{y eok }lfacoi{iao io loneofioc {nl EL ecloke/

Ba} l~egpjl* io Fegmakie* ba}gej carl}oglo{ eok kaoa} p}aflk|}lv nerl p}arlk kibbif|j{ ba}FVAv {a faoba}g si{n/ Ab{lo* {nl vgejj vfejl eok vna}{'{l}g oe{|}l ab FVA p}adlf{v eok p}a'

c}egglv nerl ejva kivfa|}eclk {nli} faoba}gi{y si{n klrljapglo{ pajify* v|cclv{ioc {nl ollk

ba} ga}l bjl~imjl b|okioc gakeji{ilv/ Faorl}vljy* |gm}ljje makilv p}arikl fagpljjioc l~egpjlv ab

caak p}ef{ifl/ [n}a|cn v{}e{lcif ol{sa}h m|ijkioc* {nl Meocjeklvni FVA Meofn{l Vnlhne klrlj'

aplk e fajjema}e{irl gaklj ab e carl}oglo{'kaoa}'FVA'fagg|oi{y pe}{ol}vnip snlo gehioc

veof{|e}ilv ba} oe{irl bivn io {nl mlljv .pl}looiej se{l}'makilv) ab {nl Dlvva}l }lciao/ [niv nev

c}le{jy iof}levlk ma{n bivn kirl}vi{y eok p}ak|f{iao/ \okloiemjy* klgeok'k}irlo eik {a }lfipilo{'

fa|o{}y v{ehlnajkl}v io E]K* pe}{ifipe{a}y pjeooioc eok effa|o{emiji{y sl}l ri{ej {a {nl v|fflvv

ab {niv ol{sa}hioc lbba}{/

53

EIK

LBBLF[IRLOLVV

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20/28

Ljvlsnl}l* re}ia|v oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov kivf|vvlk }lu|lv{v b}ag jafej FVAv ef{irl io E]K {a

b|}{nl} kllplo kaoa}FVA fajjema}e{iao va {nly gey }lflirl ki}lf{ v|ppa}{* pe}{ifipe{l io* eok

geoecl eik eok klrljapglo{ b|okioc* faoviv{lo{ si{n {nl e{{eioglo{ ab E]K caejv/ Kaoa} b|ok'

ioc nev niv{a}ifejjy bera|}lk je}cl}* |}meo'mevlk FVAv/ Effa}kioc {a Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iao pe}'

{ifipeo{v* ki}lf{ kaoa} b|okioc sa|jk k}irl fepefi{y m|ijkioc* {lfnoifej {}eioioc* c}evv}aa{v klrlj'

apglo{* effa|o{emiji{y eok asol}vnip* pe}{if|je}jy ba} vgejjl} FVAv ef{irl io E]K/

[nl bajjasioc fevl v{|ky klvf}imlv {nl faa}kioe{ioc }ajlv ba} FVAv io v|v{eioioc eok iof}levioc

{nl fepefi{ilv ab FVA ol{sa}hv io v|ppa}{ ab ne}gaoive{iao lbba}{v/ [nl Mekehnvneo

Klrljapglo{ Ba}|g .MKB) io Ebcneoiv{eo iv e firij vafil{y ioi{ie{irl a}ceoivlk ev eo |gm}ljje

c}a|p {a befiji{e{l lbblf{irl faa}kioe{iao ab FVA ef{iri{ilv eok p}ia}i{ilv* eok ef{ ev e pje{ba}g ba}

locecioc si{n* eok {}eioioc* carl}oglo{ iov{i{|{iaov/ E v|fflvvb|j ioi{ie{irl igpjlglo{lk my {nl

MKB* {nl ]|}ej ]lnemiji{e{iao P}ac}eggl eiglk {a e{{}ef{ paa} }|}ej plapjl esey b}ag api|g

be}gioc snijl clol}e{ioc jlvvaov {ne{ feo ml vfejlk |p eok |vlk {a ioba}g ej{l}oe{irl jirljinaakv

eok klrljapglo{ pajify/

[nl p}ac}eggl |{ijivlk {nl glgml}v ab {nl MKB io e daio{ ioi{ie{irl ejjasioc {nl p}adlf{ pe}{ol}v

{a iofa}pa}e{l io'klp{n }lvle}fn eok iklo{iby hly epp}aefnlv* gl{nakajacilv eok caak p}ef{ifl

io E]K eok jirljinaakv p}ac}eggioc/ A|{p|{v ab {nl p}ac}eggl iofj|kl igp}arlk eok kirl}vibilk

ec}if|j{|}ej p}ak|f{iao {n}a|cn ec}if|j{|}ej iop|{v eok {lfnoifej v|ppa}{* igp}arlk p}ak|f{irl

iob}ev{}|f{|}l ba} |okl}p}irijlclk fagg|oi{ilv* v{}loc{nlolk vafiej fepi{ej {n}a|cn fagg|oi{y

gamijive{iao eok {}eioioc* v{ig|je{lk }|}ej iofaglv* iof}levlk jafej fepefi{y {a igpjlglo{ klrlj'

apglo{ ef{iri{ilv* eok igp}arlk efflvv {a vafiej p}a{lf{iao vl}riflv/ [nl p}ac}eggl ejva

ejjaslk ba} }lje{iaovnip'm|ijkioc ml{sllo Oa}{nl}o eok Va|{nl}o FVAv io sa}hioc si{n fagg|'

oi{y c}a|pv eok igp}arlk faa}kioe{iao ml{sllo FVAv e{ {nl fa|o{}y jlrlj* eok i{ p}lvlo{lk

kaoa}v eok carl}oglo{ eclofilv si{n eo lbblf{irl p}ac}eggl eok fjle} lriklofl ab v{}e{lcif

faovlov|v ml{sllo FVAv/

3/;/ GEOECIOC BA] KLRLJAPGLO[ ]LV\J[V

[niv EL p}iofipjl faggi{v ejj v{ehlnajkl}v {a geoecl eik eok }lva|}flv io e sey {ne{ baf|vlv ao

klrljapglo{ }lv|j{v* eok ao v{}loc{nloioc ioba}ge{iao vyv{lgv ba} }lv|j{v'a}ilo{lk klfiviao'

gehioc/ Io {niv vlovl* i{ iv FVA }lje{iaovnipv si{n {nli} faov{i{|lo{v {ne{ e}l ri{ej ba} igpjlglo{'

ioc {nl EL ecloke/ Naslrl}* {nl EL fnejjloclv e}l l~efl}me{lk my {nl oe{|}l ab {nl E]K vlf{a}/

[niv klgeokv {ne{ vplfiej e{{lo{iao ml cirlo {a FVAv ef{irl io E]K* pe}{if|je}jy }|}ej eok vgejj'

l} FVAv io ge}cioejivlk fagg|oi{ilv/ V|fn e{{lo{iao vna|jk baf|v ao igp}arioc {nli} fepefi{y {a

evvlvv {nli} }lv|j{v pl}ba}geofl eok najk {nlgvljrlv ev sljj ev carl}oglo{v* kaoa}v eok

Oa}{nl}o FVAv effa|o{emjl ba} eik eok klrljapglo{ }lv|j{v/

E{ {nl oe{iaoej jlrlj* g|j{i'v{ehlnajkl} glfneoivgv* v|fn ev Parl}{y Amvl}re{a}ilv* {nl ]|}ejKlrljapglo{ Pe}{ol}v Faov|j{e{irl B}eglsa}h eok {nl [lfnoifej Vlf}l{e}ie{ ba} Eik

Lbblf{irlolvv io M|}hioe Beva* ev sljj ev {nl P}ac}eggl Eik Pe}{ol}vnip io Gategmiu|l* vl}rl

ev l~egpjlv ab v{}e{lcif ol{sa}hioc si{n FVAv {a gaoi{a} effa|o{emiji{y eok igpjlglo{e{iao ab

{nl EL ecloke/ Ab pe}{if|je} vicoibifeofl* {nl baf|v }lgeiov ao igpef{'mevlk a|{faglv io b|jbijj'

ioc jafej E]K caejv* iofj|kioc parl}{y }lk|f{iao* v|v{eioemjl klrljapglo{ eok baak vlf|}i{y*

}e{nl} {neo ao }lv|j{v'mevlk a|{faglv ab p}ac}egglv a} p}adlf{v/

V|fn }lje{iaovnipv ml{sllo FVAv ef{irl io E]K eok carl}oglo{ sl}l |ofaggao io Pl}| eok

Fegmakie* biokiocv }lrlejlk/ Io {navl {sa fa|o{}ilv* ev sljj ev io Ril{oeg eok Olpej* e vicoibi'

feo{ igplkiglo{ {a geoecioc eik eok }lva|}flv ba} klrljapglo{ }lv|j{v iv {nl paa} a} |o{igljy

efflvv {a ioba}ge{iao ema|{* eok hoasjlkcl ab* carl}oglo{ pajifilv eok p}ac}egglv/ Sne{ iv

ollklk {a lov|}l c}le{l} EL* ev nicnjicn{lk my Olpejlvl FVAv* iv }lfacoi{iao ab FVAv my carl}o'glo{* snl}l {nl}l iv g|{|ej }lvplf{ eok |okl}v{eokioc ab lefn a{nl}v }lvplf{irl }ajlv* eok

snl}l {}|v{ nev mllo m|ij{/

5>

EIK

LBBL

F[IRLOLVV


21/28

3/


22/28

>/ ]LFAGGLOKE[IAOV

[nl bajjasioc }lfaggloke{iaov ao EL* k}eso eok fagpijlk b}ag rilsv eok raiflv

l~p}lvvlk ao {nl {n}ll EC a|{faglv* v{lg b}ag {nl 56 oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov/ [nl

ef{iaov e}l p}lvlo{lk mljas my }lje{iaovnip vl{v ev a|{jiolk io EC A|{fagl 6/ [nl

}lfaggloke{iaov nicnjicn{ {nl geoy seyv io snifn FVAv ef{irl io ec}if|j{|}l eok

}|}ej klrljapglo{ feo fao{}im|{l {a {nl EL ecloke/ [nly ejva k}es e{{lo{iao {a

seyv io snifn kaoa}v* carl}oglo{v* Oa}{nl}o FVAv eok jafej FVAv {nlgvljrlv feo

p}aga{l {nl iofj|viao ab FVAv io {nl igpjlglo{e{iao ab {nl eik lbblf{irlolvv

ecloke arl} {nl fagioc yle}v/ [nl faov|j{e{iaov }lfagglok4

[ne{ jafej eok oe{iaoej FVAv* pe}{if|je}jy }|}ej FVAv4

ml faov|j{lk ev hly klrljapglo{ pjeyl}v* cirlo {ne{ {nly pavvlvv re}ilk eok rejik l~pl}iloflv{ne{ e}l flo{}ej {a EL io E]K8 {niv iv eo igpa}{eo{ evplf{ ab vnepioc e fajjlf{irl FVA raifl io E]K

{a lov|}l {ne{ lgl}cioc klrljapglo{ pajifilv }lvplf{ eok eklu|e{ljy }lvpaok {a jafej faoki{iaov

eok ollkv8

l~peok {nl fepefi{y ab kibbl}lo{ }|}ej ef{a}v {a faapl}e{l eok faa}kioe{l ef{iri{ilv ga}l lbbifilo{jy*

ev {nly pavvlvv* eok feo }ljey* igpa}{eo{ ioba}ge{iao ema|{ f|}}lo{ }|}ej faoki{iaov eok ollkv8

m|ijk ejjieoflv si{n a}ceoive{iaov baf|vioc ao ivv|lv }lje{lk {a E]K v|fn ev clokl} eok lori}ao'

glo{8

fao{io|l igp}arioc {}|l pe}{ol}vnipv egaoc v{ehlnajkl}v8

loneofl ese}lolvv my kivekreo{eclk eok ge}cioejivlk vlf{iaov ab {nl fagg|oi{y ab {nli}

}icn{v8

b|}{nl} loneofl asol}vnip ab {nl klrljapglo{ p}aflvv pe}{if|je}jy si{n faov{i{|lo{v io }|}ej

e}lev8

bav{l} {nl a}ceoive{iao ab FVAv io{a ol{sa}hv a} ba}e mevlk ao vajike}i{y* g|{|ej }lvplf{* fag'

gao rej|lv* faapl}e{iao eok faa}kioe{iao io p}ac}egglv eok ef{iri{ilv {a p}aga{l iov{i{|{iaoej

eok fagg|oi{y klrljapglo{8

sa}h si{n jafej ljlf{lk }lp}lvlo{e{irlv ba} klrljapglo{ p}adlf{v {a lov|}l lbblf{irl ef{iao eok

igp}arlk }lv|j{v* ev klgaov{}e{lk my {nl Oaehneji ]|}ej Klrljapglo{ Vafil{y io Meocjeklvn8

eok

igp}arl faov|j{e{irl b}eglsa}hv* igpjlglo{e{iao ab daio{ ef{iri{ilv* fagg|oife{iaov eok ne}'

gaoive{iao ab epp}aefnlv/

=0

]

LFAG

GLOK

E[IAOV

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23/28

[ne{ Oa}{nl}o FVAv4

}lka|mjl {nli} lbba}{v {a lov|}l g|{|ej }lvplf{ eok lu|eji{y* eok klvico eok igpjlglo{ p}adlf{v

effa}kiocjy* lov|}ioc b|jj pe}{ifipe{iao ab {nl jafej fagg|oi{y eok FVAv io ejj v{eclv ab {nl

klrljapglo{ p}aflvv8

v|ppa}{ fepefi{y m|ijkioc ab kibbl}lo{ }|}ej ef{a}v {a faapl}e{l eok faa}kioe{l ef{iri{ilv ga}l

lbbifilo{jy* e}a|ok EL io pe}{if|je}* eok klrljap {}|l pe}{ol}vnipv si{n l~iv{ioc Va|{nl}o FVAv

}e{nl} {neo vllh {a v{e}{ |p {nli} aso8

{ehl kljiml}e{l v{lpv {a ml ga}l {}eovpe}lo{ eok effa|o{emjl {a jafej fagg|oi{ilv eok pe}{ifi'

pe{ioc FVAv ba} {nl p}adlf{v {nly evviv{ a} igpjlglo{8 eok nav{ pl}iakif ba}e {a iklo{iby seyv ab

igp}arioc fajjema}e{iao ml{sllo oe{iaoej eok io{l}oe{iaoej FVAv/

p}arikl eo loemjioc lori}aoglo{* iofj|kioc klflo{}ejive{iao* ba} FVAv {a pjey {nli} }ajl ev klrlj'

apglo{ ef{a}v* l/c/ {n}a|cn jlcivje{iao a} }lc|je{a}y b}eglsa}hv* {e~ }lc|je{iao* igp}arlk

efflvv {a ioba}ge{iao* eok {nl p}a{lf{iao eok l~l}fivl ab firij eok paji{ifej }icn{v8

m|ijk E]K pajifilv* iorlv{glo{v* eok p}ac}egglv e}a|ok {nl l~iv{ioc hoasjlkcl eok vhijjv ab

jafej FVA faov{i{|lo{v* vplfibifejjy }|}ej glo eok saglo/ [nlvl pajifilv* iorlv{glo{v eok p}a'

c}egglv g|v{ ml mevlk ao eo igp}arlk |okl}v{eokioc ab {nl kibbl}lo{ ollkv* p}ia}i{ilv* eok

faov{}eio{v {ne{ jigi{ eok iobj|lofl kibbl}lo{ iokirik|ejv* ma{n si{nio eok ml{sllo na|vlnajkv8

p}aga{l loemjioc faoki{iaov {a lgpasl} FVAv eok faov{i{|lo{v io {nli} fao{}im|{iao {a igp}arioc EL8

gehl }ljlreo{ ioba}ge{iao ereijemjl io eo epp}ap}ie{l ba}g {a }|}ej FVAv8

sa}h io ne}gaoy eok |oivao si{n jafej ljlf{lk }lp}lvlo{e{irlv ba} klrljapglo{ p}adlf{v {a

lov|}l lbblf{irl ef{iao eok igp}arlk }lv|j{v8

evvlvv* daio{jy si{n faofl}olk pe}{ilv* ib eo ioklploklo{ FVA faggivviao {a befiji{e{l EL ef{iri'

{ilv iv ollklk8

v|ppa}{ oe{iaoej E]K ol{sa}hv8 eok

e}{if|je{l EL p}ia}i{ilv si{n }lvplf{ {a jafej E]K f|j{|}lv* f|v{agv* faoki{iaov eok ollkv/

[ne{ kaoa}v4

fao{}im|{l {a igp}arioc EL io E]K my iorajrioc FVAv io {nl klvico eok gaoi{a}ioc ab klrljapglo{

pajifilv eok v{}e{lcilv8

effagpeoy eok v|ppa}{ FVAv* pe}{if|je}jy }|}ej FVAv* {a lov|}l {ne{ {nly efu|i}l {nl pasl} eok

raifl {nly klvl}rl8

p}arikl bjl~imjl b|okioc ba} FVA fepefi{y m|ijkioc {a gll{ fagg|oi{y ollkv* ev sljj ev jaocl}

b|okioc {igl b}eglv eok ioba}ge{iao io eo epp}ap}ie{l ba}g ao kaoa} p}ac}egglv ba} FVAv* io

pe}{if|je} vgejj FVAv* ef{irl io E]K8

}lioba}fl {nli} }ajl ev p}aga{l}v ab pe}{ifipe{a}y p}aflvvlv io EL8 eok

faov|j{ si{n jafej FVA ol{sa}hv eok v|ppa}{ {nl klrljapglo{ sa}h ab vgejjl} jafej FVAv ef{irl io E]K/

=5

]LFAGG

LOKE

[IAOV

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24/28

9/ ]LBL]LOFLV

EC .=00>)4 Firij Vafil{y eok Eik Lbblf{irlolvv4 E Vyo{nlviv ab Ekriva}y C}a|p ]lciaoejFaov|j{e{iaov eok ]lje{lk P}aflvvlv* Deo|e}y Klflgml} =003/ P}lvlo{lk e{ {nl Ekriva}yC}a|p Io{l}oe{iaoej Ba}|g* Ce{iole|* Feoeke* 6'2 Blm}|e}y =00>/

EC .=003e)4 Firij Vafil{y eok Eik Lbblf{irlolvv4 Faoflp{ Pepl}/ Ekriva}y C}a|p ao Firij Vafil{yeok Eik Lbblf{irlolvv/Efflvvimjl e{ n{{p4!!ffif/fe!l!00=!eik/vn{gj

EC .=003m)4 Firij Vafil{y eok Eik Lbblf{irlolvv4 Ivv|lv Pepl}/ Ekriva}y C}a|p ao Firij Vafil{y eokEik Lbblf{irlolvv/Efflvvimjl e{ n{{p4!!ffif/fe!l!00=!eik/vn{gj

FIKE .=00>)4 FIKE* Firij Vafil{y eok Klrljapglo{4 E Pajify Kivf|vviao Pepl}/ A{{ese4 FeoekieoIo{l}oe{iaoej Klrljapglo{ Eclofy/ 5< Deo|e}y =00>/

Cjamej Kaoa} Pje{ba}g ba} ]|}ej Klrljapglo{ .=002)4 Ao Faggao C}a|ok4 E Daio{ Kaoa}Faoflp{ ao ]|}ej Klrljapglo{/

IVC .=003)4 B}ag Pe}iv =00< {a Eff}e =00>4 Sijj Eik Mlfagl Ga}l Effa|o{emjl eok Lbblf{irl1E F}i{ifej Epp}aefn {a {nl Eik Lbblf{irlolvv Ecloke/ Io{l}oe{iaoej FVA V{ll}ioc C}a|p .IVC)Faa}kioe{ioc {nl FVA Pe}ejjlj P}aflvv {a {nl NJB Ol{sa}h/

Oe{iaoej Faov|j{e{iao ]lpa}{v .=00>)4 P}lvlo{lk {a {nl Cjamej Kaoa} Pje{ba}g ba} ]|}ejKlrljapglo{4 Maoo/

==

]LBL]LOFLV

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25/28

P}adlf{ {i{jl

Firij Vafil{y A}ceoive{iaov eokEik Lbblf{irlolvv io Ec}if|j{|}l eok]|}ej Klrljapglo{ Eppjife{iaov Ioi{ie{irl

Jlek a}ceoive{iaov

[nl Cjamej Kaoa} Pje{ba}g ba}]|}ej Klrljapglo{ eok {nl FeoekieoIo{l}oe{iaoej Klrljapglo{ Eclofy

[sabajk amdlf{irl

Jlek e 56'fa|o{}y faov|j{e{iao ab firij vafil{ya}ceoive{iaov* carl}oglo{v eok kaoa}v {aigp}arl seyv ab iofa}pa}e{ioc FVAv ef{irl ioec}if|j{|}l eok }|}ej klrljapglo{* io{a {nlols eik lbblf{irlolvv ecloke eok m}ioc {nlbiokiocv io{a {nl sikl} pajify e}loe8 eok

C|ikl {nl Ekriva}y C}a|p ao Firij Vafil{y eokEik Lbblf{irlolvv p}aflvv ba}g|je{lk {a p}a'rikl }lfaggloke{iaov {a {nl Sa}hioc Pe}{yao Eik Lbblf{irlolvv kljiml}e{iaov io {nl }|o'|p {a {nl Eff}e Nicn'Jlrlj Ba}|g ao EikLbblf{irlolvv .NJB6)* vl{ ba} Vlp{lgml} =';*=00>* io Eff}e* Cneoe* eok lov|}l {ne{ {nl}lv|j{ioc Eff}e Ecloke ao Ef{iao {ehlveffa|o{ ab {nl }ajl eok igpa}{eofl ab FVAv io{nl kljirl}y ab lbblf{irl eik io E]K/

Pl}iak Af{aml} =003 ' Blm}|e}y =00>

V{|ky {leg

G|vn{eu Englk .FIKE* P}adlf{ Jlekl})Fn}iv{apn Jeoclohegp .Cjamej Kaoa}Pje{ba}g ba} ]|}ej Klrljapglo{)Dleo'Fne}jlv Jl Rejjl .Faov|j{eo{)

Jlekv ba} {nl 56 oe{iaoej faov|j{e{iaov4G}/ Vegi} Ljheky ba} Lcyp{ eok Ga}affaGv/ Vne}gio Gejjifh ba} Meocjeklvn eokOlpejGv/ ]neoe Pl}gejj ba} Fegmakie eokRil{oegGv/ Vne}ao A]lceo ba} Oife}ec|e eok Pl}|G}/ Gifnlj Jlaoe}k ba} M|}hioe Beva eokGategmiu|lG}/ Ge}f E{a|ce* Jl ]vle| klvA}ceoive{iaov Peyveoolv l{ kl P}ak|f{l|}vkl jEb}iu|l kl jA|lv{ .]APPE)* ba} Cneoeeok GejiGv/ ]|{n P|}lv eok Gi{}e Hnejlcnieo* EclofyFaa}kioe{ioc Maky ba} Ebcneo ]ljilb* Hem|j*ba} Ebcneoiv{eo

Sa}hioc c}a|p

G|vn{eu Englk .FIKE)Ge}f Klmaiv .LF)Fn}iv{apn Jeoclohegp .Cjamej Kaoa}Pje{ba}g ba} ]|}ej Klrljapglo{)Im}enig E/ Geyehi .Jl ]APPE* L\'Kehe} N|m)

A{nl}v

Ka|cjev K/ Fjlglo{v* Faov|j{eo{Jjayk V{}efnlo* Faov|j{eo{[iga{ny Oe{l}* Faov|j{eo{

Fao{ef{ Ioba}ge{iao

G|vn{eu EnglkLfaoagif Pajify Ekriva} Ec}if|j{|}lKlrljapglo{ Kiriviao* Pajify M}eofnFIKE[lj/ (5 >59 96; >59 9 9950 2fn}iv{apn/jeoclohegp@kaoa}pje{ba}g/a}csss/kaoa}pje{ba}g/a}c

EOOL^ ' IOI[IE[IRL KLVF]IP[IAO

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Rilsv b}ag {nl Pje{ba}g faov|j{e{iao4

.[nlvl e}l oa{ olflvve}ijy {nl rilsv ab {nl Cjamej Kaoa} Pje{ba}g a} i{v glgml}v)

Pe}{ifipeo{* Flo{}l kl krljapplglo{ kl je ]ciao kl [lovib{* Ga}affa4

Ib oa{nioc ljvl faglv a|{ ab {niv sa}hvnap* e{ jlev{ sl nerl ca{ {acl{nl} io aol }aag* ba} {nl

bi}v{ {igl io niv{a}y* si{n }lp}lvlo{e{irlv ab ga}l {neo ;0 ab {nl gav{ ef{irl OCAv io Ga}affa/

[niv iv e }lejive{iao ab e jibl'{igl k}leg/ Sl sl}l emjl {a kivf|vv a|} p}amjlgv* vaj|{iaov eok {a

jle}o b}ag lefn a{nl}v giv{ehlv eok v|fflvvlv/ Gy {neohv {a {nl Cjamej Kaoa} Pje{ba}g eok

FIKE/ Sl io{lok {a gehl {niv ce{nl}ioc eo eoo|ej lrlo{/

Pe}{ifipeo{* Ec}aoaglv l{ r{}ioei}lv veov b}ao{i}lv* Fegmakie4

-Io clol}ej* kaoa}v p}arikl aojy vna}{'{l}g b|okioc {a jafej FVAv/ Sl sa|jk lofa|}ecl eok

e}c|l ba} jaoc'{l}g riviao eok v|ppa}{ b}ag {nlg/ Ba} iov{eofl* igpef{ b}ag vagl p}adlf{v feo

aojy ml rivimjl eb{l} vlrl}ej yle}v ab io{l}rlo{iao/ [nl jaoc'{l}g v|ppa}{ iv ejva igpa}{eo{ {a nljpFVAv eok {nli} v{ebb {a c}as* {a gehl {nlg ga}l lbbifilo{ eok faobiklo{ io {nli} io{l}rlo{iao/-

Pe}{ifipeo{* \oiao ab Ec}if|j{|}ej A}ceoive{iaov* Uloe* Lcyp{4

Ib kaoa}v jl{ |v klfikl a|} aso p}ia}i{ilv eok nas {a vplok {nl gaoly faov{}|f{irljy eok lbblf'

{irljy si{na|{ kif{e{ioc {nl p}adlf{v* snl}l {a m|y {nl lu|ipglo{v a} snag {a ni}l ev e faov|j{'

eo{* {niv sa|jk ml {nl bi}v{ v{lp {ase}kv igp}arioc eik lbblf{irlolvv/

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