CSIR Presentation to the CoGTA

Portfolio Committee

8 November 2017

2

Presentation outline

• CSIR Mandate

• CSIR history in Local Government domain

• CSIR service delivery support model

• CSIR offerings/projects

• Discussion and way forward

3 3 3

Our mandate

4 4

351

R2.7 bn

R168 m

The CSIR is a science council, classified as a national government business enterprise

In numbers:~ R2.15 bn

Total operating income (includes parliamentary grant)

The CSIR at a glance

Cape Town

Stellenbosch

Port Elizabeth

Durban

Pretoria

Johannesburg

Total investment in HCD

2016/17 actual

1 966

Total in SET base

SET base with PhD

2 740

Total staff base

72yrs

Contract income

R1 952 m

491

Publication

equivalents

1945 - 2017

5 5

The CSIR’s role in the national system of innovation

Technology transfer &

implementation

- impact on economy and

society

Technology development

- development of

technology (process, product,

service)

Strategic basic & applied research

- generation of new knowledge and application

of existing knowledge

Fundamental research

- understanding

fundamental principles

Research Impact Areas Flagships

Science, Engineering and Core Technologies (SET)

6 6 6

Research, development and innovation in response

to Local Government (LG) needs

The history of our work in the Local

Government (LG) domain:

• DCoG publish the Local Government

Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) – Nov 2009

• CSIR formulates a response to that – Apr 2011

• CSIR engages with COGTA and is visited by

Dep. Min. and officials – 2015

• CSIR signs MoA with MISA to support SD to

priority districts – 2016 /17

• CSIR signs MoA with SALGA – 2017

• CSIR refines roadmap for assistance to local

government – Nov 2017

The CSIR key focus areas to

contribute through various

interventions are:

• Integrated planning and resource

allocation

• Sustainable implementation and

Monitoring and Evaluation

• Enhanced reach and access

7 7 7

"Many of the areas outlined here today are highly relevant, either directly or indirectly, but our focus at the moment is on the one-third of dysfunctional municipalities in our country and getting them back on track. Areas we would like to explore more concretely are the natural environment, national disaster management centre, local economic development, waste management, fire systems, the built environment, health, energy, defence and security.“ Deputy Minister Andries Nel (September 2015)

Statement by Deputy Minister

8 8

CSIR LGTAS Response (1)

Challenge • Infrastructure Development and Support,

• Efficient basic Service Delivery (SD),

• Capacity Building

• Local Economic and Enterprise Development (LEED) in

municipalities

Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) Support (see next slide for detail)

• Focus on Knowledge Generation Support

• Focus on Knowledge Application Support

Engagement Mode • Directly with municipalities

• In the municipal space and domain but with national and

provincial line departments

9 9

CSIR LGTAS Response (2)

© CSIR 2011

www.csir.co.za © CSIR 2011 www.csir.co.za

Kn

ow

led

ge Application

Su

pp

ort

Knowledge Generation Support

LG Application Domain

Local Government Responsibilities

Cooperative Governance Challenges

Infrastruc-ture

Basic Services Capacity Building

LE(E)D

Integrated Planning & Resource Allocation

Sustainable Implement +

M&E

Enhanced Reach & Access

Enterprise Creation Services

Tech Enabled Manufacturing

Services

Strategic Project and Programme

Services

Tech Enhanced Learning Services

Product & Process Dev.

Policy & Strategy Support

Systemic Design

Ener

gy

Bu

ilt

Envi

ron

men

t

Nat

ura

l R

eso

urc

es

Mat

eria

ls &

M

anu

fact

ure

ICTs

Offerings and Projects

11

Immovable Asset Management (IAM)

Challenge Government must comply with GIAMA and GRAP 17. Due to capability and capacity

constraints not all government areas can fully comply.

Response: IAM CSIR has developed an advanced IAM system and the capabilities to support

government with:

• Treasury compliant Asset Register;

• Building preservation programme;

• Predictive maintenance planning;

• Advanced computerized IAM

System;

• Asset Management Policy;

• Depreciated replacement cost ;

• Condition monitoring of assets;

• Asset Preservation Policy; and

• Asset norms and standards.

Outcome • GIAMA and GRAP 17 compliance.

• Up to date maintenance plans.

• Comprehensive asset registers .

12

Water Sustainability Services

Challenge Local Municipalities experience capacity and capabilities constrains in

the management of water sustainability.

Response: Water Sustainability Services • Assist municipalities and organs of state to improve their KPIs and

Objectives.

• Aid municipalities in practicing policy-driven principles &

implementing strategic action plans that are related to service

delivery through continued support.

• Development of Water Management Plans (i.e. Water Safety Plans,

Lake Management Plans, Stream Rehabilitation Plans, Risk

Abatement Plans, Ecology Studies, Bulk Water and Sewer Plans,

etc.)

• Facilitate capacity-building

• Water testing services

Outcome • Water and Waste Water Treatment, Green Drop and Blue Drop

assessments and intervention plans

• Water Resources Management Plans

• Laboratory Accreditation Support Services

13

Hydra Water Quality Monitoring System (HWQMS)

Challenge Develop a local water quality monitoring technology for waste water

plants.

Response: HWQMS • The Hydra Water Quality Monitoring System (HWQMS) is a near

real-time system that is intended for the monitoring of the water

quality in Waste Water plants.

• It makes use of high quality industrial sensors and reports that

sensor data to a central CSIR server.

• Collated data is then presented via a webserver interface to the

user.

• Implemented in the CoU, eThekwini Metro Municipality

Outcome • Near real-time data (water quality) displayed in a dashboard.

• Effective remote plant operations management.

14

Water Skills demand forecasting

prototype

Challenge

The lack of management of scares skills in

the water selector.

Response: Skills Demand Forecast

• The prototype focused on the skills gap

in the water sector, to establish

analytical relationships between

infrastructure, demand and necessary

skills.

• Moses Kotane Water Works was used

as a test case for the model.

Outcome

The systems generates warnings, and

reports when plant capacity is exceeded,

which assist for better resource planning

and scheduling.

15

Indigent Registers System-Tirelo Bosha

CSIR developed System • National portal: Enrolment, regular

and swift dissemination of information

• Self Service Kiosk: automated self-

service with a 24 hours availability

(enrolment, info update, job portal,

indigent feedback, training

opportunities etc.)

• Handheld device: Mobile indigent

identification and verification

• Currently in pilot at Ramotshere

Municipality.

• Impact: Fraud detection, indigent

empowerment, strengthened inter-

municipal collaboration, etc

Challenge: Reliability and integrity of data

on indigent population

Objective: To assist municipalities in service

delivery efforts & the implementation of

robust administration system for the indigent

population

16

Settlement based population growth projections

Challenge • There are different dynamics driving settlement level

population growth in the country.

• Currently the most detailed growth projections for the country

is done as a Local Municipal level.

• There is a need to have more detailed population growth

data to allow for better service delivery planning at a

settlement level

Research and development: Settlement growth model • CSIR has developed a beta version gravity model to predict

settlement level population growth at a national level using

macro inputs from external population growth models.

Outcome • A model predicting population growth on a settlement level

for the entire country.

Impact • Scenario based demand forecasting which impacts on

service delivery in the broad.

17

Infrastructure Service Delivery Assessment

Challenge • MISA is assessing the infrastructure backlog of 27 distressed

district municipalities to determine service delivery gaps, the

possible root cause and identifying interventions.

Response: MSDAT • CSIR has developed the Municipal Service Delivery Assessment

Tool (MSDAT) to assist with the collecting and collating of strategic

data to produce standard assessment reports with recommended

interventions.

Outcome • A responsive web-based (can be viewed and used on all devices)

tool.

• Three assessment reports with intervention recommendations.

18

The Corrective Action Request and Report System

(CARRS) for Municipal Services

Challenge • Uneven performance in the public service sector and lack of monitoring

systems have resulted in poor enforcement of corrective action

• Frequent breakdowns as a result of ageing infrastructure, inadequate

service delivery, and poor engagement with communities results in

communities resorting to unorthodox ways of engaging with authorities, such

as violent service delivery protests

Research and development: CARRS • CSIR has developed a web-based incident management (CARRS) to assist

communities in reporting water service delivery challenges, and for

municipalities to timeously respond to the reported challenges

Outcome • The CARRS system has been piloted in eight (8) of South Africa’s Priority

Districts Web-based tool to communicate and respond to service delivery

incidents

• Future development to focus on other municipal and essential services

Impact • Municipalities are now able to visualize performance of infrastructure meant

to deliver services (through the extent of incidents reported) on the ground,

and are able to timeously respond to the reported challenges

• Municipalities are gradually improving their response times in addressing

reported incidents

• Communities feel engaged when they see corrective action being

implemented on issues they have reported

19

Challenge Developing norms and standards to support local planning

processes in rural municipalities to ensure equitable and affordable

provision of social facilities (schools, clinics, etc.)

Research and development • Developed norms and standards for rural social service provision

for the entire South Africa packaged in a dynamic toolkit

(accessible on- and off-line) showing the level of need for

various social facilities per town / settlement spatially based on

the actual population demand per place.

• This will guide the level of investment needed in each place for

new (or upgrading of existing) social facilities across SA.

Outcome • National comparable norms and standards for social facilities in

rural towns and settlements

• Planning support toolkit to guide social facility planning

processes

• Training to all relevant local municipalities and relevant national

departments

Planning Support for better Social Infrastructure -

Developing a Social Facility Provision Toolkit

20

Creating sustainable human settlements:

A neighbourhood planning and design guide

Challenge • Despite well-intended measures, cities and towns are still

characterised by a lack of adequate infrastructure, facilities and

amenities, low levels of service and little or undesirable public

spaces.

• Practical planning and design guidelines - to be applied at

municipal level - are needed to address the inequalities and

inefficiencies of South African human settlements.

Research and development • The CSIR is in the process of revising and updating the Guidelines

for Human Settlement Planning and Design (Red Book).

Outcome • A practical guide that encourages integrated settlement planning

and design, promotes sound urban planning and design principles

and assists in improving the efficiency of engineering services and

infrastructure.

Impact • Liveable, integrated, efficient, safe human settlements.

21

Visual Surveying Platform - Pothole detection module

Challenge • “Potholes are costing motorists R50 billion in injury and vehicle

repairs every year” (source: MNet, Carte Blanche, 2010)

• It is a problem in developing and developed countries.

• The backlog on road maintenance is growing in some municipalities.

Response: Visual Surveying Platform CSIR has developed a visual surveying platform (VSP) to assist road

engineers and municipalities with the maintenance of road infrastructure

by collecting and analysing road data in order to detect and highlight

defects.

Outcome • Integrated system to manage and maintain the condition of road

infrastructure

• Analysis of the video stream to detect and quantify road defects

• Data and analytics

• Visualization

• Application

Module to survey road signs are also available.

22

Challenge

• To improve energy, water, waste and materials efficiency

Technology intervention

• Since 2010, the National Cleaner Production Centre,

South Africa - hosted at the CSIR on behalf of the dti has

saved companies R1.54 billion through the implementation

of the Industrial Energy Efficiency Project

• In 2015/16, the NCPC-SA assisted companies to achieve

R75 million in resource savings and identified R232 million

in potential savings through resource efficiency and

cleaner production assessments

• Also strong focus on supporting municipalities through

skills development, assessments, industrial symbiosis and

eco-industrial parks programmes.

Transitioning to a low-carbon economy – resource

efficiency

23

Waste Management - Separation at Source (S@S) Costing

Model

Challenge • National Waste Management Strategy (NWMS) sets target for

metros, secondary cities % large towns to implement (S@S)

recycling programmes (DEA, 2011)

• Municipalities must provide (or out-source) a collection system that

keeps recyclables separated from general waste to allow for

recovery & recycling

Response: SASCOST • CSIR has developed a Decision Support Tool (SASCOST model)

to assist municipalities assess costs & benefits of different

collection options in their context

Outcome • Model has been tested with a number of municipalities

• Approved as Technology Demonstrator (TRL 6)

• Currently seeking funding or a licensing partner to take the tool

forward and roll it out

Impact • Facilitates decision making and implementation – potential for

significant job creation and economic benefits

24

Challenge Using innovative Information & Communication Technologies

(ICTs) to foster digital inclusion amongst South Africa’s rural

communities

Response • Developing, packaging and deploying different forms of off-grid

and ruggedized computers, devices and connectivity in deep

rural areas

• Evaluating different models for technical support, operations

and maintenance with the aim of designing and implementing

long term sustainable initiatives

• Ongoing monitoring & evaluation of uptake and use

Outcome • ICT Centres implemented, 71 sites connected to internet, and

84 schools being supported

• 46 Narysec Youth trained and deployed for technical support

• Marginalized and underserviced communities provided with

opportunities to interact with technology and to have access to

information needed for improving their life chances

Information & Communication Technology for Rural

Communities

25

Small town regeneration (STR): Developing regional

development frameworks to support small town economies

Challenge • Local economic development is one of the key aspects to grow the

national economy and provide people with a better quality of life.

• Towns are agglomeration points of human activity and need to be

supported with relevant information to play an optimal role in this

process.

• Towns are also nodes within regional networks with different roles

and strengths and this needs to be understood better to achieve

the above mentioned.

Research and development: STR initiative • CSIR together with SALGA (and also through the NSDF with

DRDLR and DPME) is developing a national dataset on functional

settlement footprints (towns); and establishing the linkages and

interdependencies between these places based on their economic

and public service roles

Outcome • National settlement layer

• Framework for regional development

• Establishing town roles within regional development initiatives;

making towns the nodal points for development

Impact • Stronger regional development plans based on local strengths

26

City of Tshwane Example:

• BPO Park

• Feasibility study

• Establishment in progress

• Agro-Processing Hub

• Feasibility study of hub

• Feasibility of 10 production lines

• Bio-Energy Facility

• Pre-feasibility study of facility

• Feasibility study at Daspoort site in progress

• Clothing and Textile Hub

• Feasibility study of hub

• Feasibility of five production lines in progress

Enterprise Development & LED Support to Metros:

Farming area

27

Special Needs and Skills Development Programme (SNSD)

Challenge • SMMEs have a lack of understanding of environmental legislation,

need for EA & the BA process.

• Environmental aspects are not included in the business plans.

• No allocated BA funds when applying for funding. Applicant does

not have money to appoint consultants to undertake the BA.

Response: SNSD Appointed by DEA. The SNSD Programme does environmental

assessments for projects in the following sectors:

• Agriculture- e.g. sugar cane farming, piggeries and chicken broiler

facilities;

• Tourism –e.g. establishment of the Dinokana cultural village in

North West;

• Aquaculture projects;

• Small scale mining projects.

Outcome • Assist SMMEs from disadvantaged communities to obtain

Environmental Authorisation.

• Phase 1: 10 projects were approved-received EA.

• Phase 2: 15 BA s are currently being undertaken.

28

Municipal Catalyst and Incubator for Innovative

Solutions (MCIIS)

Challenge • The availability of big data intelligence for municipalities

• Lack of decision making support tools

• The implementation of science, technology and engineering

solutions on a sustainable level

• Using SET solutions to stimulating local economic and enterprise

development

• Systems thinking to understand and manage inter-dependencies;

• Innovative capacity and capability development

Research and development: MCIIS • CSIR has develop the Municipal Catalyst and Incubator for

Innovative Solution model to address these challenges

Objectives of MCIIS • Enhance current SET solutions for implementation in local

municipalities that will assist in reducing backlogs and improving

service delivery

• Create opportunities for local economic development

• Create enterprise development opportunities

• Create an environment where technology readiness can be

verified, packaged and implemented

29

Municipal Catalyst and Incubator for Innovative Solutions (MCIIS) Big Data Intelligence

(Connected Data)

Decision making tools. Business Intelligence.

Visualisation of big data.

Enhanced Science, Technology, Engineering

Solutions Utilisation of science,

engineer and technology (SET) approaches that will assist with addressing a range of

challenges at local municipality level.

Capacity and Capability Development

Create systems - thinking people that can support /

implement innovations with the ability to replicate these

innovations. Support service delivery improvement agencies.

Outcome

Visual Data Intelligence.

Municipal Catalyst and Incubator for Innovative Solutions (MCIIS)

Innovative solutions that works and that are

sustainable.

Provide local economic and enterprise development

opportunities. Service delivery improvement.

Continuous Improvement Feedback.

Science, Engineering and Technology Focus

Impact: Improved Governance / Working Municipal Solutions / Growing & Sustainable LE(E)D

Municipal Catalyst and Incubator for Innovative

Solutions (MCIIS)

30

Conclusion

Discussions and Way forward

Thank you

32

Atlantis Water Supply Scheme (AWSS):

Managed aquifer recharge and storage

Challenge • Since the 1970s, the town of Atlantis on the dry west coast of

South Africa has relied on an innovative process whereby

wastewater and stormwater are transferred underground to be

stored in an aquifer for future use.

• The long term sustainability of the AWSS needs to be ensured by

the City of Cape Town Municipality.

Research and development: • The CSIR has conducted ongoing assessments of the operational

and technological requirements of the AWSS.

Outcome • Scientific and operational support functions supplied by the CSIR

include groundwater monitoring, training and guidelines for City of

Cape Town staff, rehabilitation and un-clogging of boreholes.

Impact • Improved data and information for the sustainable management of

the Atlantis water Supply Scheme

33

Social facility provision toolkit

Challenge • Knowing how many of what type of social facilities are needed

where in the country, and when these are needed.

Research and development: Social facility planning • In order to allow nationally coordinated investment in social

facilities to ensure equitable access, to e.g. education and health,

CSIR has developed: • National guidelines on the amount and type of facilities needed for

various types of settlements in rural and urban areas

• An interactive application where users can find the settlements they

want to plan for and query the amount of facilities needed at that

locality.

• The application and guidelines also indicate the most optimal (best

accessible) nodes in the country which needs investment in higher

order services like regional hospitals which can (and are) not provided

at a local level.

Outcome • An GIS enabled application which can be accessed on-line and off-

line to support social facility planning

Impact • More efficient, better coordinated and targeted government

investment in social facility provision

34 34

Transforming human settlements

Challenge • Modelling housing demand

Research and development • Developed a housing demand model in partnership with the Palmer

Development Group

• The model combines a range of data and assumptions to predict

changing demographic patterns

Outcome • The CSIR is training officials from the Gauteng Provincial

Government in the use of the housing demand model as a

decision-making tool

• The same model can be applied in other metros

35 35

Improving health

Challenge • Improving access to specialist obstetric care to improve foetal

health

Research and development: Umbiflow • An ultrasound device used in clinics to determine foetal health

• Device capable of detecting foetuses at risk of death during

pregnancy

• A field trial was conducted in Kraaifontein, in the Western

Cape and in Tshwane district.

Outcome

• First six months revealed that perinatal mortality rate for

women who had access to Umbiflow testing was 11.3

per 1 000 deliveries, compared to 20 per 1 000

deliveries

36

Challenge: • eThekwini set itself a goal of being ‘By 2030, Africa’s most

• caring and liveable city. To help achieve this goal, it commissioned

• the CSIR to design, develop, demonstrate, and then implement an

• integrated indicator system to help guide sustainability decisions

• in the metropolitan area

Research and development: • Custom software was developed to take exisiting data that the municipaliy generates,

explore it and combine it into any number of indicators that show progress

• towards a viable and improved future (a ‘safe space’).

Outcome: • A “real-time” decision support tool, which allows the municipality to explore various options

of their Integrated development plan in workshop mode in order to optimise their plans

based on differnet scenrarios informed by municipality specific indicators.

Impact: • Creating better and more inclusive living conditions for all within the municipality.

Indicator system to help guide sustainability

decisions in eThekwini

37

Challenge: • To identify potential instruments that could be adopted by Pikitup and CoJ to encourage

households and businesses to increase their participation in S@S recycling programmes

Research and development:

Outcome: • RIs/EIs on their own will not encourage households to participate in waste S@S;

• Supporting service delivery/infrastructure (bags, bins and recycling centres) and

information/awareness is a requirement to be in place

• Economic instruments is generally favoured over regulatory instruments in CoJ

Impact: • Increasing recovery of valuable resources back into economy & job creation

Implementation of regulatory and economic instruments to

encourage household and business participation in waste separation

at source

38

Challenge: • Illegal dumping accounts for about 20% of total waste disposed at landfill in CoJ. The

cost of clearing illegal dumping amounts to about R80 million per annum.

Research and development: • Unpacking the root causes of illegal dumping in the CoJ through interviews, focus group

discussions and workshops

• Identifying appropriate interventions to address the root causes in consultation with

relevant stakeholders

• Development of a strategy and action plan outlining short, medium and long term

interventions

Outcome: • A practical prevention strategy addressing the root causes of illegal dumping in the CoJ

context

Impact: • Monetary savings to the CoJ as a result of reduced dumping

• Improved living conditions for specially poor communities

• Improved visual amenity of the City

Development of an illegal dumping prevention strategy

for City of Johannesburg

39

Challenge: • The last AQMP for the CoJ was completed in 2003, prior to promulgation of the National

Environmental Management: Air Quality Act, which leaves a gap that falls outside the

recommended 5 year frequency for review. It was thus vitally important to develop an

updated AQMP, that was in line with all the regulatory advances in air quality

management since then.

• Data availability for development of emissions inventory

Research and development: • Development of a comprehensive emissions inventory most comprehensive

inventory developed to date for an AQMP

• Modelling of current ambient air quality and scenarios using CAMx air quality model (run

at CSIR)

• Assessment of the ambient air quality monitoring and management activities

Outcome: • This project prepared a technical assessment of the status quo of air quality and air

quality management in the City, as well as the Air Quality Management Plan for the City

of Johannesburg

Impact: • An AQMP is seen as a progressive advancement towards improved air quality for the

City of Johannesburg, and thus the plan itself sets the stage for activities to occur within

the next 5 years.

The development of an Air Quality Management Plan

for the City of Johannesburg

40

Challenge: • The quality of air quality monitoring in the City had not been consistently high since its

inception in 2004

• The City did not have one consolidated system to outline necessary norms, standards

and procedures for ambient air quality monitoring in their stations.

Research and development: • Development of the technical requirements of the Norms and Standards for air quality

monitoring and the ISO-17025

Outcome: • Development of a quality system for the City of Johannesburg’s ambient air quality

monitoring stations in accordance with the Draft National Norms and Standards for Air

Quality Monitoring, the ISO 17025 (General Requirements of the competence of testing

and Calibration Laboratories) and the SANAS TR-07-03 (Supplementary Requirements

for the accreditation of Continuous Ambient Air quality monitoring stations)

Impact: • The City of Johannesburg is required to monitor the ambient air quality in its jurisdiction

and to ensure that the monitoring results are complete, comparable between stations

and across time periods and traceable to National Standards.

• These Norms and Standards will allow the City to meet these requirements

• Ambient air quality data collected by the City will be of high quality, which is critical

to inform air quality management

The development of a quality management system for

the City of Johannesburg

41

Challenge: • Local governments are not capacitated via workshops, training programs and monitoring

reporting and verification guidelines to effectively collect data to support the

quantification of emissions from local government operations.

Research and development: • Development of Greenhouse Gas emissions inventory and emission accounting tool.

Outcome:

• The CSIR developed a GHG accounting tool for CoJ to track activities and emissions

related to internal operations within the city.

Impact: • The emission inventories compiled using this tool will allow the city to assess its risks and

opportunities, track progress, and create a strategy to reduce emissions from local

government operations in a quantifiable and transparent way.

Development of an internal operations greenhouse gas

emission inventory and emission accounting tool for

the City of Johannesburg

42

Monitoring the water resources of the

Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site

Challenge

• The Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site (COH WHS) enjoys international significance for its palaeo-

anthropological and archaeological treasures.

• It is the only UNESCO-protected karst landscape in the world that is threatened by acid mine drainage (AMD).

• This has generated wide and considerable concern for the preservation of the fossil sites on the property.

Research and development:

• A water resources situation assessment done by the CSIR has added new insight into the surface water and

groundwater resources and their interaction in the mainly karst environment.

Outcome

• A conceptual hydrogeologic model of the COH WHS was developed on the basis of compartments and sub-

compartments that better explain observed phenomena such as spring locations and yields.

Impact

• The assessment informs and supports sound management actions by the Gauteng Management Authority

directed at implementing an appropriate integrated water resources monitoring programme for the COH WHS,

so protecting its outstanding universal value in the interest and on behalf of all nations and humankind.

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 400

Riet Spruit valley

SOUTH-WEST NORTH-EAST

1620

1580

1540

1500

1460

1420

1380

1340

1300

DISTANCE ALONG SECTION LINE (km)

EL

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(m

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artm

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BLOUBANK SPRUIT SYSTEM TO UPPER CROCODILE RIVER SKEERPOORT RIVER TO MAGALIES RIVERLOWER CROCODILE

RIVER

MALONEY’S

EYE

CONCEPTUAL GROUNDWATER DRAINAGE PATTERN (ARROWED AS PER CONVENTIONAL COMPASS DIRECTION)

1a 1b 1c 2a 4 5 7 10

Zwartkrans Compartment Krombank Compartment Twee

fon

tein

Co

mp

artm

ent

Diepkloof CompartmentBroederstroom

Compartment

43

Cool Durban: Development of an urban heat model and

recommendations for the eThekwini Municipality

Challenge: • Urbanised areas are typically warmer than surrounding more rural and vegetated areas, resulting in a

phenomenon known as the Urban Heat Island effect. This effect is likely to be exacerbated in a

changing climate.

• The munciipality contracted the CSIR to simulate and characterise the urban heat island in eThekwini,

and to identify opportunities to reduce or mitigate the formation of these heat islands.

Research and development: • An Urban Canopy Model, called Town Energy Budget (TEB) is coupled within the Conformal Cubic

Atmospheric Model (CCAM), to model city climate at a 1km resolution.

• Assessment of the cooling and energy savings potential of the different mitigation and adaptation

technologies.

Outcome: • A modelling system that is able to simulate the urban heat island has been successfully developed at

the CSIR. The simulations of the urban heat island under current and future climates, are the first of

their kind to ever be performed in South Africa.

Impact: • Identification of key areas for interventions to mitigate the effects of the urban heat island effect.

• Prioritisation of mitigation and adaptation measures within urban areas that can be optimised to

mitigate the urban heat island.

44

Green book: Settlement adaptation guidelines in the face

of climate change

Challenge • Climate change and the impact of that on SA settlements is an

important factor to consider, despite the many other service

delivery challenges. Just think of water availability and the knock

on effect of that.

• Municipalities must be able to understand their risks and

vulnerabilities in this context and plan accordingly.

Research and development: Green Book • CSIR with the IDRC (a Canadian research fund) is doing a

comprehensive climate change related risk and vulnerability

assessment of all settlements in the country and based on that

developing appropriate adaptation guidelines.

Outcome • Comprehensive environmental and socio-economic risk and

vulnerability profiling of all settlements; including climate change

and population growth predictions up to 2030.

• Guidelines for adaptation

• Web-based portal to access all the relevant profiles and guidelines

Impact • Better planned settlements; future proofing

45

Agri-parks project management system

Challenge • The Agri-parks initiative by DRDLR is multi tiered which makes it

complex to keep track of all the projects and to which park it is

linked.

Research and development: Agri-park PMS • CSIR has developed a project management system for DRDLR to

keep track of projects from procurement all the way through to

implementation and delivery:

• it captures the hierarchy of projects all the way to the Agri-

park it is linked to

• it records all project related KPIs (e.g. job creation); and

• it keeps record of all projects spatially by plotting all relevant

projects on an integrated web-GIS.

Outcome • A web-based spatially enabled project management system

Impact • More efficient project management and better coordinated and

targeted government investment

46

Agri-Parks Concept Development Support

Challenge:

• Contribute to conceptual approach

and design of Agri-Parks and Support

for Agri-Park implementers

Research and Development:

• Define an Agri-Park based on locally

applied best practice research

• Develop decision support tools for

design and establishment of agri-

parks in all district municipalities

Outcome:

• Generally accepted view and

configuration of Agri-Parks

• Guidelines used by CSIR team to

develop 8 Agri-Park Master Plans

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Challenge: • How to effectively and efficiently remove nutrients and pathogens in effluents discharged from

Wastewater Treatment Works (WWTWs)

Research and development: • Use of two specific algae species in the treatment of domestic waste water

• Patented technology scaled up and implemented: Motetema Wastewater Treatments Works

(Sekhukhune District Municipality, Limpopo)

• Technology package now being implemented in other locations in the country (Mossel Bay) and has

attracted significant international interest.

Outcome: • Selected algae multiplied by effectively outcompeting resident non-productive species, killing Ecoli

bacteria and sequestrate the nutrients.

• Then food source for aquaculture species in the final pond.

• Clean water is discharged into the natural environment.

• Technology = low cost and environmentally friendly and can easily be sustained.

Impact: • Supported the district municipality with regards to specific needs relating to waste water treatment

management thereof;

• Capacity building: sludge treatment and handling. The team also developed and implemented an

intensive capacity building programme at the Motetema and Mossel bay WWTWs. An operational

manual was also developed for the use of algae waste water treatment system. The green technology

reduce health risk and reduce the spread of water-related diseases, since domestic unavailability of

water supply in South Africa especially in rural areas where the poverty rate is about 70% compared

with 30% in urban areas, often leads to use of unsafe sources of water.

Microalgae as a solution for rural sewage

wastewater treatment