CSCE 212Review for Exam 1

Instructor: Jason D. Bakos

CSCE 212 2

Material Covered

• Chapter 1– Textbook chapter and exercises

• Chapter 2– Textbook sections 2.1-2.9, 2.16 and exercises– All chapter 2 lectures

• Chapter 3– Textbook sections 3.1-3.7 and exercises– All chapter 3 lectures

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Chapter 1

• Terminology– Systems software– Operating system– Compiler– Assembler– Machine language vs. assembly language– High-level programming language– Software vs. hardware– Processor, cache, memory– Abstraction– Instruction set architecture vs. microarchitecture– Local area network, wide area network– Transistor, VLSI– Integrated circuit manufacturing (ingot, wafers, dies, packaging)– RISC vs. CISC

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Chapter 1

• Problems:– data_volume = data_rate * time– transmission_time = injection_time + latency

– ex_time = num_instructions * CPI * cycle_time

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Chapter 2

• Terminology– One address, two address, three address architectures– Load-store machine– Pseudoinstructions– System calls

• MIPS instruction types

• MIPS instruction encodings

• Translation of abstract behaviors to MIPS assembly:– Complex arithmetic– If-statement– Loops and nested loops: for-loop, pre-test while, post-test while– Array computation– Subroutine calls– I/O

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Chapter 2

• Problems:– Interpreting assembly behavior– Minimizing instruction count (i.e. making code more efficient)– Translating HLL to assembly– Pseudoinstruction assembly– Bit twiddling with shifts and masks

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Chapter 3

• Conversion:– Decimal to arbitrary base (integer and real)– Arbitrary base to decimal (integer and real)

• Two’s complement and sign extension • Binary addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division• Overflow• Multiplier and divider microarchitecture• Fixed-point and floating-point (IEEE 754)• Floating-point addition and multiplication• Floating-point accuracy• MIPS floating-point instructions