CSC 8570 -- USICSC 8570 -- USI

Class Meeting 4Class Meeting 4

February 3, 2009February 3, 2009

FLICSFLICS

Fantastic Lectures in Computer Fantastic Lectures in Computer ScienceScience

Friday, February 6Friday, February 6 Bryn Mawr CollegeBryn Mawr College Bernard Chazelle, Princeton Univ.Bernard Chazelle, Princeton Univ. What an iPod, a Flock of Birds, and What an iPod, a Flock of Birds, and

Your DNA Have in CommonYour DNA Have in Common

Topics of the DayTopics of the Day

GOMS reviewGOMS review Bunt, et al. Understanding the Bunt, et al. Understanding the

questions raised and the answers questions raised and the answers given.given.

Good and bad interfacesGood and bad interfaces Design principlesDesign principles Research project issuesResearch project issues

Hand InHand In

Everyone:Everyone: GOMS model of table GOMS model of table creationcreation

Each research team:Each research team:– Hypotheses, independent and Hypotheses, independent and

dependent variablesdependent variables– First draft of IRB formFirst draft of IRB form

Consent form draft, perhapsConsent form draft, perhaps

– Printout from EndNote of research Printout from EndNote of research bibliographybibliography

GOMSGOMS

GoalGoal Operators: Operators: atomic actions available atomic actions available

in the systemin the system Methods: Methods: each method is a sequence each method is a sequence

of operatorsof operators Selection Rule:Selection Rule:

GOMS ExamplesGOMS Examples

Deleting a message from a mail Deleting a message from a mail system foldersystem folder

Setting a clock or watchSetting a clock or watch– one hour aheadone hour ahead– one hour backone hour back– to a particular timeto a particular time

Creating a KWIC index of a list of Creating a KWIC index of a list of research paper titlesresearch paper titles

Clock SettingClock Setting

Set the clock one hour earlier, the Set the clock one hour earlier, the common action at the end of daylight common action at the end of daylight savings time.savings time.

GOMS modelGOMS model– Goal: Goal: stated abovestated above– Operations:Operations:– Methods:Methods:– Selection Rule:Selection Rule:

Bunt, Conati, McGrenereBunt, Conati, McGrenere

Review the paper in the context ofReview the paper in the context of– Your experimentYour experiment– GOMS modelingGOMS modeling– Intelligent user interfacesIntelligent user interfaces– User modelingUser modeling

Bunt (2)Bunt (2)

Adaptable: Adaptable: Users can customize the Users can customize the interface to meet their needsinterface to meet their needs– But users rarely move from default But users rarely move from default

settingssettings Adaptive:Adaptive: Model user’s interests, Model user’s interests,

preferences, and use characteristics; preferences, and use characteristics; then interface changes to support then interface changes to support this model.this model.– But users suffer lack of control, But users suffer lack of control,

transparency, and predictabilitytransparency, and predictability

Bunt (3)Bunt (3)

Adaptive issuesAdaptive issues– Is customization worth the effort?Is customization worth the effort?– Can users customize effectively?Can users customize effectively?– Does the system provide support (and Does the system provide support (and

help) for customization?help) for customization?

Bunt (4)Bunt (4)

Experiment 1:Experiment 1:– Hypotheses?Hypotheses?– Independent variables?Independent variables?– Dependent variables?Dependent variables?– Subjects?Subjects?– Statistical analysis?Statistical analysis?

Bunt (5)Bunt (5)

Experiment 2:Experiment 2:– Hypotheses?Hypotheses?– Independent variables?Independent variables?– Dependent variables?Dependent variables?– Subjects?Subjects?– Statistical analysis?Statistical analysis?

Bunt (6)Bunt (6)

Suggest some experiments that Suggest some experiments that follow from this work.follow from this work.

How Was Your Week?How Was Your Week?

Write down two examples of system Write down two examples of system interfaces that were very helpful as interfaces that were very helpful as you tried to complete a task.you tried to complete a task.

Write down two examples of system Write down two examples of system interfaces whose design made it interfaces whose design made it difficult for you to complete a task.difficult for you to complete a task.

Good InterfacesGood Interfaces

Who says?Who says? On what basis?On what basis? Why were your choices good?Why were your choices good? What were the design principles that What were the design principles that

promoted “goodness”?promoted “goodness”?

Bad InterfacesBad Interfaces

Same questions as for “good”Same questions as for “good”– Who says?Who says?– On what basis?On what basis?

What design principles were What design principles were violated?violated?

Good and Bad (2)Good and Bad (2)

What do users want?What do users want? How do designers know?How do designers know? Do designs match mental models?Do designs match mental models?

– What if they don’t?What if they don’t?

Good and Bad (3)Good and Bad (3)

Generative User Engineering Generative User Engineering Principles (GUEPs)Principles (GUEPs)

Cognitive Dimensions (CDs)Cognitive Dimensions (CDs)– of notationof notation– of representation in an interfaceof representation in an interface– of understandingof understanding

NB. NB. In this context a “dimension” is a factor In this context a “dimension” is a factor (distinct from others factors)(distinct from others factors)

Research ProjectResearch Project

Hypotheses Hypotheses (tonight)(tonight) Independent variables Independent variables (tonight)(tonight) Dependent variables Dependent variables (tonight)(tonight) BibliographyBibliography

– First entries First entries (tonight)(tonight)– Continuous processContinuous process

Background Background Formal setting Formal setting (let’s talk)(let’s talk)

Theory CollectionTheory Collection

Visual processingVisual processing Three-stage visual systemThree-stage visual system Preattentive processing theory Preattentive processing theory

(Triesman & Gormican)(Triesman & Gormican) Structured object perception theory Structured object perception theory

(Biederman)(Biederman) Scientific color theory (CIE)Scientific color theory (CIE)

Theory Collection (2)Theory Collection (2)

Motor Behavior ModelsMotor Behavior Models Hick-Hyman Law: choice timeHick-Hyman Law: choice time Keystroke-Level Model: error-free Keystroke-Level Model: error-free

task completion timetask completion time Three-state model of graphical input Three-state model of graphical input

(Buxton)(Buxton) Fitts’ Law: human movementFitts’ Law: human movement Guiard’s Model of Bimanual SkillGuiard’s Model of Bimanual Skill

Theory Collection (3)Theory Collection (3)

Task analysisTask analysis Hierarchical model using Hierarchical model using

ConcurTaskTreesConcurTaskTrees

Design principlesDesign principles GUEPsGUEPs Cognitive DimensionsCognitive Dimensions Mental modelsMental models

Research Project (2)Research Project (2)

Short presentationShort presentation– One spokespersonOne spokesperson– Five minutesFive minutes– Hypothesis, variables, initial Hypothesis, variables, initial

experimental designexperimental design– PowerPointPowerPoint

Next TimeNext Time Read Edge and Blackwell, Read Edge and Blackwell, Cognitive Dimensions Cognitive Dimensions

Tradeoffs in Tangible User Interface DesignTradeoffs in Tangible User Interface Design– You find this paper by going toYou find this paper by going to

www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~afb21/CognitiveDimensionswww.cl.cam.ac.uk/~afb21/CognitiveDimensions– Then choosing the link for the 10Then choosing the link for the 10thth Anniversary Workshop Anniversary Workshop

on CDs researchon CDs research Create a concept map relating the ideas of the Create a concept map relating the ideas of the

paper to one anotherpaper to one another– Use the concept map softwareUse the concept map software– Make sure you include at least 12 concepts and maybe Make sure you include at least 12 concepts and maybe

many moremany more– Consult the papers by Thomas Green for more informationConsult the papers by Thomas Green for more information

Research project presentationResearch project presentation

Research Team MeetingsResearch Team Meetings