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Feature

2

Protection and monitoring IED with

extensive functional library, user

configuration possibility and expand-

-able hardware design to meet with

user’s special requirements

Inter-lock between two CPU modules,

avoiding mal-operation due to internal

severe fault of one module

Transformer differential protection

(87T)

Treble slope percent differential

protection

Automatic CT ratio matching

Automatic vector group and zero

sequence current compensation

Settable 2nd harmonic restraint

function for transformer inrush

Fuzzy waveform recognition

restraint function for transformer

inrush

3rd or 5th harmonic restraint for

overexcitation

CT saturation detection

CT secondary circuit supervison

Differential current alarm

Reactor differential protection (87R)

Treble slope percent differential

protection


CT saturation detection

CT secondarycircuit supervison

Differential current supervision

Restricted earth fault protection for

transformer (87NT)

Two slope percent REF protection


CT saturation recognition

REF differential current super-

-vision


reactor(87NR)

Two slope percent REF protection


CT saturation recognition

REF differential current

supervision

Interturn fault protection (16)

Based on zero sequence direction

Self-adpative interturn fault

detection

A complete protection functions library,

include:

Transformer differential protection

(87T)

Reactor differential protection

(87R)

Restricted earth fault protection

for transformer(87NT)

Restricted earth fault protection

for reactor(87NR)

Inter-turn protection (16)

Overcurrent protection (50, 51,

67)

Earth fault protection (50N, 51N,

67N)

Neutral earth fault protection (50G,

51G, 67G)

Feature

3

Thermal overload protection (49)

Overload protection (50OL)

Delta winding overload protection

(50OL)

Overexcitation protection (24)

Overvoltage protection (59)

Circuit breaker failure protection

(50BF)

Poles discordance protection

(50PD)

Dead zone protection (50DZ)

Voltage transformer secondary

circuit supervision (97FF)

Current transformer secondary

circuit supervision

2 sets external trip commands (BIs →

BOs

Self-supervision to all modules in the

IED

Complete information recording:

tripping reports, alarm reports, startup

reports and general operation reports.

Any kinds of reports can be stored up

to 2000 and be memorized in case of

power disconnection

Up to three electric /optical Ethernet

ports can be selected to communicate

with substation automation system by

IEC61850 or IEC60870-5-103

protocols

Up to two electric RS-485 ports can be

selected to communicate with

substation automation system by

IEC60870-5-103 protocol

Time synchronization via network

(SNTP), pulse and IRIG-B mode

Configurable LEDs and output relays

satisfied users’ requirement

Versatile human-machine interface

Multifunctional software tool for setting,

monitoring, fault recording analysis,

configuration, etc.

Function

4

Protection functions

Description ANSI Code

IEC 61850

Logical Node

Name

IEC 60617

graphical symbol

Differential protection

Transformer differential protection 87T PDIF

Reactor differential protection 87R PDIF


transformer 87NT PDIF

Restricted earth fault protection for reactor 87NR PDIF

Current protection

Inter-turn fault protection 16

Overcurrent protection 50,51,67 PIOC

PTOC

3IINV>

3I >>

3I >>>

Earth fault protection 50N, 51N, 67N PIEF

PTEF

I0INV>

I0>>

I0>>>

Neutral earth fault protection 50G, 51G, 67G

Thermal overload protection 49 PTTR Ith

Overload protection 50OL PTOC 3I >OL

Delta Winding Overload Protection 50OL

Voltage protection

Overexcitation protection 24 PVPH U/f>

Overvoltage protection 59 PTOV 3U>

3U>>

Undervoltage protection 27 PTUV 3U<

3U<<

Breaker protection and control function

Breaker failure protection 50BF RBRF

3I> BF

I0>BF

I2>BF

Dead zone protection 50DZ

3I> DZ

I0>DZ

I2>DZ

Function

5

STUB protection 50STUB PTOC 3I>STUB

Poles discordance protection 50PD RPLD

3I< PD

I0>PD

I2>PD

Secondary system supervision

CT secondary circuit supervision

VT secondary circuit supervision

Other functions

2 sets external trip commands (BIs →

BOs)

Monitoring functions

Description

Auxiliary contacts of circuit breaker supervision

Self-supervision

Fault recorder

Station communication

Description

Front communication port

Isolated RS232 port for maintaining

Rear communication port

0-2 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports, support IEC 60870-5-103 protocol

0-3 Ethernet electrical/optical communication ports, support IEC 61850 protocol or IEC 60870-5-103

protocol

Time synchronization port, support GPS pulse or IRIG-B code

Function

6

IED software tools

Functions

Reading measuring value, IED report

Setting

IED testing

Disturbance recording analysis

IED configuration

Printing

Function

7

Application for two-winding transformer

Function

8

Application for three-winding transformer

Function

9

Application for autotransformer

Function

10

Application for reactor

Protection

11

Transformer differential protection (87T)

The transformer differential protection

function is provided to protect two-winding

transformer, three-winding transformer and

auto-transformer in various configurations

up to 1000 kV voltage level, with internal

CT ratio matching, vector group and zero

sequence current compensation. The

following features would be applied:

Operating characteristic

Figure 1 illustrates operating characteristic

of treble slope percent differential

protection and instantaneous differential

protection.

Figure 1 Characteristic of transformer

differential protection

where:

Idiff : Differential current

Ires : Restrain current

I_TDiffInst: The pickup current of instantaneous differential protection

I_TDiff: The pickup current of percentage differential protection

I_TRes1, I_TRes2: Restrain current setting of breaker point 1 and breaker point 2 respectively

Slope 1 represents the sensitivity threshold

of the differential protection and considers

constant error current e.g. magnetizing

currents.

Slope 2 takes into consideration current-

-proportional errors which may result from

transformation errors of the main CTs, the

input CTs of the IED, or from erroneous

current caused by the position of the tap

changer in power transformer.

In the range of high current which may give

rise to high differential current as a result of

CT saturation, slope 3 is applicable to

provide more stabilization.

The differential and restraining currents are

calculated separately in each phase of the

protected object. Automatic identification of

fault location is fulfilled with recognition of

differential and restraint current trace

around the characteristic.

The instantaneous differential protection is

able to operate promptly regardless of the

restraining quantity and harmonic content,

if high current fault occurs in the protected

zone. The instantaneous differential

protection operating area is shaded yellow

area shown in Figure 1, where differential

current must be larger than I_TDiffInst

setting.

The treble slope percent differential

protection uses a treble-slope dual

break-point operating characteristic which

make it possible to improve the restraint

capability in case of CT saturation caused

by serious external fault current. It further

operates in conjunction with magnetizing

inrush, overexcitation and CT failure

restraint features. Furthermore, the

integrated CT saturation detection feature

ensures reliable blocking of percent

Protection

12

differential protection in the case of CT

saturation caused by external fault. At the

same time, severe internal fault can cause

fast protection tripping.

Automatic ratio compensation

The input currents of the IED are converted

automatically in relation to the power

transformer rated currents to be matched

with each other. As a result, matching to

various power transformer and CT ratios is

performed purely mathematically inside the

IED and no external matching CT is

required.

Automatic vector group and zero sequence current compensation

Transformers have different vector groups,

which cause a shift of the phase angles

between the currents flowing through their

high medium and low voltage sides.

Without adequate correction, this phase

shift would cause a false differential current.

Furthermore, the existence of the neutral

point(s) of the power transformer has a

great impact on the differential current

during through fault currents.

The IED is capable to automatically

compensate for the adverse effect of

various vector groups of power trans-

-formers as well as the zero sequence

current which may flow into the protected

zone, depending on the condition of the

neutral point(s). This is achieved just by

informing the IED about the vector group of

the power transformer, and then, all

necessary compensations would be per-

-formed automatically by using coefficient

matrices programmed inside the IED. This

simplifies application of the IED in various

configurations.

Inrush restraint

This feature is provided in the IED to

prevent percent differential protection from

false tripping caused by high short-time

magnetizing currents which may be

present during transformer energizing

(inrush currents).

Two algorithms are available in the IED to

detect inrush conditions. The first one

operates based on 2nd harmonic stabiliza-

-tion, whereas the second algorithm

utilizes fuzzy wave recognition of inrush

conditions based on the current waveform.

Furthermore, a cross blocking feature is

provided which can be used to set the

protection in a way that when the 2nd

harmonic recognition is fulfilled only in one

phase, not only the phase with the inrush

current, but also the remaining phases of

percent differential protection are blocked

for a certain duration as well.

Overexcitation restraint

Stabilization of percent differential

protection function is provided against

unwanted differential currents caused by

transformer overexcitation. Since steady

state overexcitation is characterized by

odd harmonics, the 3rd or the 5th harmonic

can be selected in the IED to recognize for

overexcitation condition.

Current transformer saturation supervision

This integrated function is capable to

recognize CT saturation. CT saturation can

be detected when both the 2nd and 3rd

harmonic contents of phase currents

amongst all phase currents are more than

a threshold. If the CT saturation occurs

simultaneously with external fault

Protection

13

recognition, differential protection will be

blocked.


In normal operation condition, zero

differential current is expected in each

phase. The differential current supervision

monitors the differential current of each

phase. An alarm report will be given, if the

differential current exceeds the threshold

value for a delay time.

Reactor differential protection (87R)

The reactor differential protection function

is provided to protect shunt reactor in

various configurations up to 1000 kV

voltage level, with internal CT ratio

matching. The following features would be

applied:


Figure 2 illustrates the operating

characteristic of the treble slope percent

differential protection and instantaneous

differential protection.

Figure 2 Characteristic of reactor differential

protection

where:

Idiff : Differential current

Ires : Restrain current

I_RDiffInst: The pickup current of instantaneous differential protection

I_RDiff: The pickup current of percentage differential protection

I_RRes1, I_RRes2: Restrain current setting of breaker point 1 and breaker point 2 respectively

Slope 1 represents the sensitivity

threshold of the differential protection

and considers constant error current e.g.

magnetizing currents.

Slope 2 takes into consideration current-

-proportional errors which may result

from transformation errors of the main

CTs and the input CTs of the IED.

In the range of high current which may give

rise to high differential current as a result of

CT saturation, slope 3 is applicable to

provide more stabilization.

The differential and restraining currents are

calculated separately in each phase of the

protected object. Automatic identification of

fault location is fulfilled with recognition of

differential and restraining current trace

around the characteristic.

The instantaneous differential protection

is able to operate promptly regardless of

the restraining quantity and harmonic

content, if high current fault occurs in the

protected zone. The instantaneous

differential protection operating area

shaded yellow area shown in Figure 2,

where differential current must be larger

than I_RDiffInst setting.

The treble slope percent differential

protection uses a treble-slope dual

break-point operating characteristic with

integrated CT saturation detection feature

ensures reliable blocking of percent

differential protection in the case of CT

Protection

14

saturation caused by external fault. At the

same time, severe internal fault can cause

fast protection tripping.

Automatic ratio compensation

The input currents of the IED are converted

automatically in relation to the shunt

reactor rated currents to be matched with

each other. As a result, matching to various

shunt reactor and CT ratios is performed

purely mathematically inside the device

and no external matching CT is required.



recognize CT saturation. CT saturation can

be detected when both the 2nd and 3rd

harmonic contents of phase currents

amongst all phase currents are more than

a threshold. If the CT saturation occurs

simultaneously with external fault

recognition, differential protection will be

blocked.



differential current is expected in each

phase. The differential current supervision

monitors the differential current of each

phase. An alarm report will be given, if the

differential current exceeds the threshold

value for a delay time.

Restricted earth fault protection for transformer (87NT)

The REF protection provides higher

sensitivity and higher speed when they

measure individually on each winding.

They are capable to detect earth faults in

(auto) transformer earthed. A precondition

for using these functions is that a neutral

CT should be provided.


Figure 3 illustrates the dual slope operating

characteristics of the REF.

Figure 3 Characteristic of REF protection

where:

I0Diff : Zero sequence differential current

I0Res : Zero sequence restraint current

I_NDiff: The sensitive threshold of pickup current of REF protection

Slope_NDiff: Slope of the characteristic

Restricted earth fault current supervision


sequence differential current is expected

for restricted earth fault protection. The

restricted earth fault current supervision

monitors differential current. An alarm is

generated after a dropout time, if the

restricted differential current exceeds the

setting threshold. The alarm is given to

draw the user attention to check the faulty

connection and remove it in time.



Protection

15

recognize CT saturation. In this situation,

CT saturation is detected when both the

2nd and 3rd harmonic components of

phase currents amongst all phase currents

are more than a threshold. Using these

measurements, if the CT saturation occurs

simultaneous with external fault

recognition, the restricted earth fault

protection will be blocked.

Difference of transient characteristic of CTs detection

Difference of transient characteristic of

phase or neutral CTs may result in

zero-sequence current in REF protection

during an external three-phase fault. To

remove this problem, the situation is

detected by using the calculated positive

and zero-sequence currents. The condition

is checked for each side of transformer

separately.

Restricted earth fault protection for reactor (87NR)

The REF protection provides higher

sensitivity and higher speed when they

measure individually on each winding.

They are capable to detect earth faults in

reactor earthed.


Figure 4 illustrates the dual slope operating

characteristics of the REF as well as

instantaneous characteristic.

Figure 4 Characteristic of REF protection

where:

I0Diff : Zero sequence differential current

I0Res : Zero sequence restraint current

I_NDiffInst: The pickup current of instantaneous REF protection

I_NDiff: The sensitive threshold of pickup current of REF protection

I_NRes: Restrain current setting of breaker point

Slope_NDiff: Slope of the characteristic

The function can be connected with

calculated zero-sequence current from

neutral-point CT of main reactor or external

measuring neutral CT.

Restricted earth fault current supervision

In normal operation condition, less to zero

differential current is expected for

restricted earth fault protection. The

restricted earth fault current supervision

monitors differential current. An alarm is

generated after a preset time, if the

restricted differential current exceeds the

setting threshold. The alarm is given to

draw the user attention to check the faulty

connection and remove it in time.

Protection

16



recognize CT saturation, if calculated zero

sequence current is used from neutral side

CT of the main reactor, instead measured

value from the dedicated neutral CT. In this

situation, CT saturation is detected when

both the 2nd and 3rd harmonic components

of phase currents amongst all phase

currents are more than a threshold. Using

these measurements, if the CT saturation

occurs simultaneous with external fault

recognition, the restricted earth fault

protection will be blocked.

Interturn fault protection (16)

The inter-turn fault protection detects faults

between reactor winding turns. A short

circuit of a few turns of the winding will give

rise to a heavy fault current in the

short-circuited loop, but the terminal

currents will be very small, because of the

high ratio of transformation between the

whole winding and the short-circuited turns.

Therefore, the short circuited turns can be

damaged by large short circuit current. In

this case, partial winding flashover is more

likely and the subsequent progress of the

fault, if not detected in the earliest fault

stage, may severely destroy the object.

The inter-turn fault protection in the IED

uses zero-sequence component direction

using zero-sequence current in neutral-

-point of the main reactor and the

calculated zero-sequence voltage at the

HV terminal of the reactor.

When there is inter-turn short-circuit inside

the reactor, the zero-sequence voltage

leads the zero-sequence current. However,

for an external fault, the corresponding

zero-sequence voltage will lag the

zero-sequence current. So, the phase-

-angle relation is used to distinguish the

internal or external fault of the reactor.

Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67)

The protection provides following

features:

Two definite time stages

One inverse time stage

11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse time

characteristic curves as well as

optional user defined characteristic

Selectable directional element charac-

-teristic angle, to satisfy the different

network conditions and applications

Each stage can be set individually as

directional/non-directional

Directional element can be set to point

protected object or system for all

stages

Each stage can be set individually for

inrush restraint

Cross blocking function for inrush

detection

Settable maximum inrush current

VT secondary circuit supervision for

directional protection. Once VT failure

happens, the directional stage can be

set to be blocked or to be

non-directional

Inrush restraint function

Protection

17

The protection relay may detect large

magnetizing inrush currents during

transformer energizing. In addition to

considerable unbalance fundamental

current, Inrush current comprises large

second harmonic current which doesn’t

appear in short circuit current. Therefore,

the inrush current may affect the protection

functions which operate based on the

fundamental component of the measured

current. Accordingly, inrush restraint logic

is provided to prevent overcurrent

protection from maloperation.

Furthermore, by recognition of the inrush

current in one phase, it is possible to set

the protection in a way that not only the

phase with the considerable inrush current,

but also the other phases of the

overcurrent protection are blocked for a

certain time. This is achieved by

cross-blocking feature integrated in the

IED.

The inrush restraint function has a

maximum inrush current setting. Once

the measuring current exceeds the

setting, the overcurrent protection will not

be blocked any longer.

Characteristic of direction element

The direction detection is performed by

determining the position of current vector

in directional characteristic. In other word,

it is done by comparing phase angle

between the fault current and the

reference voltage, Figure 5 illustrates the

direction detection characteristic for A

phase element.

Figure 5 Direction detection characteristic of

overcurrent protection directional element

where:

ФPh_Char: The settable the characteristic angle

The assignment of the applied measuring

values used in direction determination has

been shown in Table 1 for different types of

faults.

Table 1 Assignment of applied current and

reference voltage for directional element

Phase Current Voltage

A aI bcU

B bI caU

C cI abU

For three-phase short-circuit fault,

without any healthy phase, memory

voltage values are used to determine

direction clearly if the measured voltage

values are not sufficient. The detected

direction is based on the voltage of

previously saved cycles.

Protection

18

Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N)

The earth fault protection can be used to

clear phase to earth faults as system

back-up protection.


features:



11 kinds of the IEC and ANSI inverse

time characteristic curves as well as


Zero sequence directional element

Each stage can be set individually as


Directional element can be set to be

forward toward the protected object or

reverse toward system for all stage

Settable directional element

characteristic angle, to satisfy the

different network conditions and

applications

Each stage can be set individually for

inrush restraint


Inrush restraint function adopting 2nd

harmonic measured phase or earth

current settable


directional protection function. Once

VT failure happens, the directional

stage can be set to be blocked or to be

non-directional

Zero-sequence current is calculated by

summation of 3 phase currents

Directional element

The earth fault protection adopts zero

sequence directional element which

compares the zero sequence system

quantities:

3I0, current is calculated from the sum

of the three phase currents

3U0, the voltage is used as reference

voltage. It is calculated from the sum of

the three phase voltages

Figure 6 Direction detection characteristic of

zero sequence directional element

where:

Ф0_Char: The settable characteristic angle

There are two operation areas which are

provided for direction determination, the

forward area toward the protected object

and the reverse area toward the system,

which are shown in Figure 6.

Furthermore, under the VT failure

situation, it can be set to block directional

earth fault protection or to apply

non-directional earth fault protection.

Protection

19


The protection relay may detect large

magnetizing inrush currents during

transformer energizing. In addition to

considerable unbalance fundamental

current, Inrush current comprises large

second harmonic current which doesn’t

appear in short circuit current. Therefore,

the inrush current may affect the protection

functions which operate based on the

fundamental component of the measured

current. Accordingly, inrush restraint logic

is provided to prevent earth fault protection

from mis-tripping.

Since inrush current cannot be more than a

specified value, the inrush restraint

provides an upper current limit in which

blocking does not occur.

Neutral earth fault protection (50G, 51G 67G)

The neutral earth fault protection focus

on phase to earth faults. The measuring

current is one phase current from

dedicated neutral CT.

The protection function provides following

features:



11 kinds of the IEC and ANSI inverse

time characteristic curves as well as


Each stage can be set to be


independently

Zero sequence directional element. Its

characteristic is same as earth fault

protection illustrated in Figure 6

Directional element can be set to be

forward toward the protected object or

reverse toward system for all stages

Setable directional element

characteristic angle, to satisfy the

different network conditions and

applications

Inrush restraint function can be set for

each stage separately



directional protection function

Neutral current is measured from

dedicated neutral CT

Inrush restraint feature

The neutral earth fault protection may

detect large magnetizing inrush currents

flowing when transformer is energized.

Directional element

Directional determination of neutral earth

fault element adopts the zero sequence

directional element as same as the one

applied by earth fault protection. The only

difference is the measured current, which

is measured from the neutral point CT

instead of being calculated from three

phase currents.

Thermal overload protection (49)

The insulating material surrounding the

Protection

20

windings ages rapidly if the temperature

exceeds the design limit value. Thus, a

thermal protection function is required to

supplement the existing winding

temperature device. The thermal

overload protection estimates winding

temperature and thus prevents it from

thermal damaging.

The thermal overload protection operates

based on an approximate replica of the

temperature rise in the protected object

caused by overload.

The thermal replica can be implemented

based on thermal models (Cold or Hot

Curve) of IEC60255-8 standard.

The thermal overload in the IED is

provided with one trip stage as well as one

alarm stage. It is possible to set the alarm

stage at a certain percentage of the setting

value applied at the trip stage.

The calculation is performed separately for

each phase, based on fundamental

component and harmonic components.

Overload protection (50OL)

The IED supervises load flow in real time.

If each phase current is greater than the

dedicated setting for a set delay time, the

protection will issue alarm.

Transformer delta winding overload protection (50OL)

When there is a dedicated CT for each

phase of the transformer delta winding,

the protection is provided to monitor the

load flow in real time. If all three phase

current are always greater than the

setting of power swing for a setting time,

the alarm will be reported.

Overexcitation protection (24)

The IED provides an overexcitation

protection to detect impermissible over-

-excitation conditions which can

endanger power transformers as a result

of saturation in iron core and resulting

large eddy current losses which may

lead to impermissible temperature rise

inside the transformer core.

The function measures the voltage

/frequency (U/f) ratio which is

proportional to the flux density in

transformer core.

One definite time stage for alarm

One definite time stage for trip

One thermal overexcitation time

characteristic stage, which can be

defined by user-defined settings (see

Figure 7

Figure 7 Thermal overexcitation time

characteristic

Protection

21

Overvoltage protection (59)

One voltage rise occur possibly in the

power system during abnormal conditions

such as no-load, lightly load, or open line

end on long line. The protection can be

used as open line end detector or as

system voltage supervision normally.

The protection provides following features:


First stage can be set to alarm or trip

Measuring voltage between phase-

-earth voltage and phase-phase

selectable

Settable dropout ratio

Undervoltage protection (27)

One voltage reduction can occur in the

power system during faults or abnormal

conditions.


features:


First stage can be set to alarm or trip

Measuring voltage between phase-

-earth voltage and phase-phase

selectable

Current criteria supervision

Circuit breaker aux. contact super-

-vision

VT secondary circuit supervision, the

undervoltage function will be blocked

when VT failure happens

Settable dropout ratio

Zero sequence over- -voltage protection (64)

The zero sequence overvoltage

protection is able to monitor the voltage

displacement to detect the earth fault in

power system.

The displacement voltage 3U0 can be

either directly measured from VT or

calculated based on connected three

phases to earth voltages. In the latter

case, the three voltages transformers

input must be connected in an earth-wye

configuration.

The protection provide following

features:


3U0 based on calculated summation of

3 phase voltage or measured injected

residual voltage

Breaker failure protection (50BF)

The circuit breaker failure protection is

able to detect a failure of the circuit

breaker during a fault clearance. It

ensures fast back-up tripping of

surrounding breakers by tripping relevant

bus sections.

The protection can be three-phase

started to allow use with three phase

tripping applications.

Once a circuit breaker operating failure

occurs on a feeder/transformer, the bus

Protection

22

section which the feeder/transformer is

connected with can be selectively

isolated by the protection. In addition a

The CBs of the other windings of the

transformer are tripped at the same time.

In the event of a circuit breaker failure

with a busbar fault, a trip signal is issued

to trip the CBs of the other windings of

the transformer.

The current criteria are in combination

with three phase current, zero and

negative sequence current to achieve a

higher security.

The function can be set to give three phase

re-tripping of the local breaker to avoid

unnecessary tripping of surrounding

breakers in the case of two available trip

coils.

Two trip stages (local and surrounding

breaker tripping)

Internal/ external initiation

Selectable CB Aux contacts checking

Current criteria checking (including

phase current, zero and negative

sequence current)

Dead zone protection (50DZ)

The IED provides this protection function

to protect dead zone, namely the area

between circuit breaker and CT in the

case that CB is open. Therefore, by

occurrence of a fault in dead zone, the

short circuit current is measured by

protection relay while CB auxiliary

contacts indicate the CB is open.

Internal/ external initiation

Self-adaptive for bus side CT or line

side CT

Figure 8 Tripping logic when applying bus side CT

When one bus side CT of feeder is

applied, once a fault occurs in the dead

zone, the IED trips the relevant busbar

zone. Tripping logic is illustrated in

Figure 8.

Protection

23

Figure 9 Tripping logic when applying transformer

side CT

When one transformer side CT is applied,

when a fault occurs in the dead zone,

protection relay trip the circuit breakers

of the others transformer winding.

Tripping logic is illustrated in Figure 9 .

Poles discordance protection (50PD)

The phase segregated operating circuit

breakers can be in different positions

(close-open) due to electrical or

mechanical failures during the system

normal operation.

The protection operates based on

information from auxiliary contacts of the

circuit breaker with additional criteria.

The protection performs following

features:

3 phase CB Aux contacts supervision

Current criteria checking (including phase current, zero and negative sequence current)

Secondary system supervision

Current transformer secondary circuit supervision

Open or short circuited CT cores can

cause unwanted operation of some

protection functions such as earth fault

current and negative sequence current

functions.

During the normal operation without any

disturbance, the IED monitors the three

phase currents of all sides of transformer.

If only one or two phase currents drop

down less than a threshold and the

differential current is larger than a preset

threshold, CT secondary circuit open is

determined and alarm will be issued. The

CT open alarm can be set to block

differential protection or not.

Voltage transformer

secondary circuit supervision

A measured voltage failure, due to a

broken conductor or a short circuit fault

in the secondary circuit of voltage

transformer, may result in unwanted

operation of the protection functions

which work based on voltage criteria. VT

failure supervision function is provided to

block these protection functions and

Protection

24

enable the backup protection functions.

The features of the function are as

follows:

Symmetrical/asymmetrical VT failure

detection

3-phase AC voltage MCB monitoring

1-phase AC voltage MCB monitoring

Zero and negative sequence current

monitoring

Applicable in solid grounded,

compensated or isolated networks

Monitoring

25

Self-supervision

All modules can perform self-

-supervision to its key hardware

components and program, as soon as

energizing. Parts of the modules are

self-supervised in real time. All internal

faults or abnormal conditions will

initiate an alarm. The fatal faults among

them will result in the whole IED

blocked

CPU module and communication

module perform real time inter-

-supervision. Therefore communication

interruption between them is detected

and related alarm will be given

CRC code checks for the setting,

program and configuration, etc.

Communication

26

Station communication

Overview

The IED is able to connect to one or

more substation level systems or

equipments simultaneously, through the

communication ports with communica-

-tion protocols supported. (Shown in

Figure 9)


There is a serial RS232 port on the front

plate of all the IEDs. Through this port,

the IED can be connected to the

personal computer for setting, testing,

and configuration using the dedicated

Sifang software tool.

RS485 communication ports

Up to 2 isolated electrical RS485

communication ports are provided to

connect with substation automation

system. These two ports can work in

parallel for IEC60870-5-103.

Ethernet communication ports

Up to 3 electrical or optical Ethernet

communication ports are provided to

connect with substation automation system.

These two out of three ports can work in

parallel for protocol, IEC61850 or

IEC60870-5-103.

Figure 9 Connection example for multi‐networks of station automation system

Note: All four ports can work in parallel

Communication protocol

The IED supports station communication

with IEC 61850-8 and IED60870-5-103

protocols.

By means of IEC61850, GOOSE

peer-to-peer communication make it

possible that bay IEDs can exchange

information to each other directly, and a

simple master-less system can be set up

for bay and system interlocking and other

interactive function.

Time synchronization port

All IEDs feature a permanently integrated

electrical time synchronization port. It can

be used to feed timing telegrams in IRIG-B

Communication

27

or pulse format into the IEDs via time

synchronization receivers. The IED can

adapt the second or minute pulse in the

pulse mode automatically.

Meanwhile, SNTP network time synchro-

-nization can be applied.

Figure 10 illustrates the optional time

synchronization modes.

Figure 10 Time synchronizing modes

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Hardware

29

Front plate

The whole front plate is divided into

zones, each of them with a well-defined

functionality:

1 Liquid crystal display (LCD)

2 LEDs

3 Shortcut function keys

4 Arrow keys

5 Reset key

6 Quit key

7 Set key

8 RS232 communication port

Rear plate

Note: For reactor protection, X2 and X3 are not used.

Hardware

30

Modules

Analogue Input Module (AIM)

The analogue input module is used to

galvanically separate and transform the

secondary currents and voltages

generated by the measuring transformers.

CPU Module (CPU)

The CPU module handles all protection

functions and logic. There are two CPU

modules in the IED, CPU1 and CPU2, with

the same software and hardware. They

work in parallel and interlock each other to

prevent maloperation due to the internal

faults of one CPU modules.

Moreover, the redundant A/D sampling

channels are equipped. By comparing the

data from redundant sampling channels,

any sampling data errors and the channel

hardware faults can be detected

immediately and the proper alarm and

blocking is initiated in time.

Communication Module (COM)

The communication module performs

communication between the internal

protection system and external equipments

such as HMI, engineering workstation,

substation automation system, RTU, etc.,

to transmit remote metering, remote

signaling, SOE, event reports and record

data.

Up to 3 channels isolated electrical or

optical Ethernet ports and up to 2 channels

RS485 serial communication ports can be

provided in communication module to meet

the communication demands of different

substation automation system and RTU at

the same time.

The time synchronization port is equipped,

which can work in pulse mode or IRIG-B

mode. SNTP mode can be applied through

communication port.

In addition, a series printer port is also

reserved.

Binary Input Module (BIM)

The binary input module is used to connect

the input signals and alarm signals such as

the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker

(CB), etc.

Binary Output Module (BOM)

The binary output modules mainly provide

tripping output contacts, initiating output

contacts and signaling output contacts. All

the tripping output relays have contacts

with a high switching capacity and are

blocked by protection startup elements.

Each output relay can be configured to

satisfy the demands of users.

Power Supply Module (PSM)

The power supply module is used to

provide the correct internal voltages and

full isolation between the terminal and the

battery system.

Hardware

31

Dimension

Figure 11 4U, 19” case with rear cover

Table 2 Dimension of the IED case

Legend A B C D E

Dimension (mm) 177 482.6 265 320 437.2

Figure 12 Cut-out on the panel

Table 3 Dimension of the cutout for IED mounting

Legend A B C D E

Dimension (mm) 450 465 101.6 178 6.5

Connection

32

A. Typical rear terminal diagram

Connection

33

Connection

34

Connection

35

B. Typical analogue inputs connection for 2 windings transformer with 2 breakers on high and low voltage windings respectively

Connection

36

C. Typical analogue inputs connection for 2 windings transformer with 1 breaker on high and low voltage windings respectively

Connection

37

D. Typical analogue inputs connection for 3 windings transformer with 1 breaker on high, medium and low voltage windings respectively

Connection

38

E. Typical analogue inputs connection for 3 windings transformer with 2 breakers on high and medium voltage winding and 1 breaker on low voltage windings respectively

Connection

39

F. Typical analogue inputs connection for 3 windings transformer with 3 breaker on high and low voltage windings respectively, and 1 breaker on medium voltage winding

Connection

40

G. Typical analogue inputs connection for autotransformer with 2 breaker on high voltage winding, and 1 breaker on medium and low voltage windings respectively

a01

a02

a03

b01

b02

b03

**

*

*

A B C

**

*

BC

* * *

A

B

C

A

IH1A IH1B IH1C IH2C IH2B IH2A

IH1

IH1

IH2

IH1N

IH1N

a04

a05

a06

b04

b05

b06

IH2N

IH2

a11

a10

b10

UHN

UH

UHA

UHB

UHC

*

UH

UHA

UHB

UHC

IH2N

UHN

a07 b07

a08 b08

IREFH

IH1A

IH1B

IH1C

IH2A

IH2B

IH2C

IREFH

IREFH’

INBKH

INBKH’

IREFH’

INBKH

INBKH’

IL1A

IL1B

IL1C IL1

IL1N

a01

a02

a03

b01

b02

b03IL1

IL1N

a04

a05

a06

b04

b05

b06

IL2N

IL2

IL1A

IL1B

IL1C

IL2A

IL2B

IL2C

a11

a10

b10

ULN

ULA

ULB

ULCUL

b11

b11

IH0

IH0

UL

ULAULBULCUHN

A B C

**

*IM1A IM1B IM1CIM1N

UM

UMAUMBUMC UMN

IM1

a01

a02

a03

b01

b02

b03

IM1N

IM1

a11

a10

b10

UMN

UM

UMA

UMB

UMC

IM1A

IM1B

IM1C

b11

AIM 1

AIM 2

**

*

IG1C IG1BIG1A

IG

IG1N

a04

a05

a06

b04

b05

b06

IG1N

IG1A

IG1B

IG1CIG

AIM 3

Connection

41

H. Typical analogue inputs connection for reactor application with all CTs

Connection

42

I. Typical analogue inputs connection for reactor application with three-phase CTs on HV and LV side of reactor

Connection

43

J. Typical analogue inputs connection for reactor application with three-phase CTs on HV side of main reactor and single phase CT of neutral point reactor (near grounding)

Connection

44

K. Typical analogue inputs connection for reactor application with three-phase CTs on HV side of main reactor and single phase CT of neutral point reactor (near main reactor)

* * *

IHA

IHB

IHC

Protection IED

a01

a02

a03

b01

b02

b03

* 3IH0

a07

b07

UHB

UHA

UHC

UHN

a10

a09

b09

b10

Technical data

45

Frequency

Item Standard Data

Rated system frequency IEC 60255-1 50 Hz or 60Hz

Internal current transformer

Item Standard Data

Rated current Ir IEC 60255-1 1 or 5 A

Nominal current range 0.05 Ir to 30 Ir

Nominal current range of sensitive

CT

0.005 to 1 A

Power consumption (per phase) ≤ 0.1 VA at Ir = 1 A;

≤ 0.5 VA at Ir = 5 A

≤ 0.5 VA for sensitive CT

Thermal overload capability IEC 60255-1

IEC 60255-27

100 Ir for 1 s

4 Ir continuous

Internal voltage transformer

Item Standard Data

Rated voltage Vr (ph-ph) IEC 60255-1 100 V /110 V

Nominal range (ph-e) 0.4 V to 120 V

Power consumption at Vr = 110 V IEC 60255-27

DL/T 478-2001

≤ 0.1 VA per phase

Thermal overload capability

(phase-neutral voltage)

IEC 60255-27

DL/T 478-2001

2 Vr, for 10s

1.5 Vr, continuous

Auxiliary voltage

Item Standard Data

Rated auxiliary voltage Uaux IEC60255-1 110 to 250V

Permissible tolerance IEC60255-1 ±%20 Uaux

Power consumption at quiescent

state

IEC60255-1 ≤ 50 W per power supply module

Power consumption at maximum

load

IEC60255-1 ≤ 60 W per power supply module

Inrush Current IEC60255-1 T ≤ 10 ms/I≤ 25 A per power supply

Technical data

46

module,

Binary inputs

Item Standard Data

Input voltage range IEC60255-1 110/125 V

220/250 V

Threshold1: guarantee

operation

IEC60255-1 154V, for 220/250V

77V, for 110V/125V

Threshold2: uncertain operation IEC60255-1 132V, for 220/250V ;

66V, for 110V/125V

Response time/reset time IEC60255-1 Software provides de-bounce

time

Power consumption, energized IEC60255-1 Max. 0.5 W/input, 110V

Max. 1 W/input, 220V

Technical Data

47

Binary outputs

Item Standard Data

Max. system voltage IEC60255-1 250V /~

Current carrying capacity IEC60255-1 5 A continuous,

30A，200ms ON, 15s OFF

Making capacity IEC60255-1 1100 W( ) at inductive load with

L/R>40 ms

1000 VA(AC)

Breaking capacity IEC60255-1 220V , 0.15A, at L/R≤40 ms

110V , 0.30A, at L/R≤40 ms

Mechanical endurance, Unloaded IEC60255-1 50,000,000 cycles (3 Hz switching

frequency)

Mechanical endurance, making IEC60255-1 ≥1000 cycles

Mechanical endurance, breaking IEC60255-1 ≥1000 cycles

Specification state verification IEC60255-1

IEC60255-23

IEC61810-1

UL/CSA、TŰV

Contact circuit resistance

measurement

IEC60255-1

IEC60255-23

IEC61810-1

30mΩ

Open Contact insulation test (AC

Dielectric strength)

IEC60255-1

IEC60255-27

AC1000V 1min

Maximum temperature of parts and

materials

IEC60255-1 55


Item Data

Number 1

Connection Isolated, RS232; front panel,

9-pin subminiature connector, for software tools

Communication speed 9600 baud

Max. length of communication cable 15 m

Technical Data

48

RS485 communication port

Item Data

Number 0 to 2

Connection 2-wire connector

Rear port in communication module

Max. length of communication cable 1.0 km

Test voltage 500 V AC against earth

For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol

Communication speed Factory setting 9600 baud,

Min. 1200 baud, Max. 19200 baud

Ethernet communication port

Item Data

Electrical communication port

Number 0 to 3

Connection RJ45 connector


Max. length of communication cable 100m

For IEC 61850 protocol

Communication speed 100 Mbit/s

For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol


Optical communication port ( optional )

Number 0 to 2

Connection SC connector


Optical cable type Multi-mode

Max. length of communication cable 2.0km

IEC 61850 protocol


IEC 60870-5-103 protocol


Technical Data

49

Time synchronization

Item Data

Mode Pulse mode

IRIG-B signal format IRIG-B000

Connection 2-wire connector


Voltage levels differential input

Environmental influence

Item Data

Recommended permanent operating temperature -10 °C to +55°C

(Legibility of display may be impaired above

+55 °C /+131 °F)

Storage and transport temperature limit -25°C to +70°C

Permissible humidity 95 % of relative humidity

IED design

Item Data

Case size 4U×19inch

Weight ≤ 10kg

Technical Data

50

Product safety-related Tests

Item Standard Data

Over voltage category IEC60255-27 Category III

Pollution degree IEC60255-27 Degree 2

Insulation IEC60255-27 Basic insulation

Degree of protection (IP) IEC60255-27

IEC 60529

Front plate: IP40

Rear, side, top and bottom: IP 30

Power frequency high voltage

withstand test

IEC 60255-5

EN 60255-5

ANSI C37.90

GB/T 15145-2001

DL/T 478-2001

2KV, 50Hz

2.8kV

between the following circuits:

auxiliary power supply

CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

case earth

500V, 50Hz

between the following circuits:

Communication ports to case

earth

time synchronization terminals

to case earth

Impulse voltage test IEC60255-5

IEC 60255-27

EN 60255-5

ANSI C37.90

GB/T 15145-2001

DL/T 478-2001

5kV (1.2/50μs, 0.5J)

If Ui≥63V

1kV if Ui<63V

Tested between the following

circuits:


CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

case earth

Note: Ui: Rated voltage

Insulation resistance IEC60255-5

IEC 60255-27

EN 60255-5

ANSI C37.90

GB/T 15145-2001

DL/T 478-2001

≥ 100 MΩ at 500 V

Technical Data

51

Protective bonding resistance IEC60255-27 ≤ 0.1Ω

Fire withstand/flammability IEC60255-27 Class V2

Electromagnetic immunity tests

Item Standard Data

1 MHz burst immunity test IEC60255-22-1

IEC60255-26

IEC61000-4-18

EN 60255-22-1

ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1

Class III

2.5 kV CM ; 1 kV DM

Tested on the following circuits:


CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

1 kV CM ; 0 kV DM


communication ports

Electrostatic discharge IEC 60255-22-2

IEC 61000-4-2

EN 60255-22-2

Level 4

8 kV contact discharge;

15 kV air gap discharge;

both polarities; 150 pF; Ri = 330 Ω

Radiated electromagnetic field

disturbance test

IEC 60255-22-3

EN 60255-22-3

Frequency sweep:

80 MHz – 1 GHz; 1.4 GHz – 2.7 GHz

spot frequencies:

80 MHz; 160 MHz; 380 MHz; 450

MHz; 900 MHz; 1850 MHz; 2150

MHz

10 V/m

AM, 80%, 1 kHz

Radiated electromagnetic field

disturbance test

IEC 60255-22-3

EN 60255-22-3

Pulse-modulated

10 V/m, 900 MHz; repetition rate

200 Hz, on duration 50 %

Electric fast transient/burst immunity

test

IEC 60255-22-4,

IEC 61000-4-4

EN 60255-22-4

ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1

Class A, 4KV



CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

Class A, 1KV


Technical Data

52

communication ports

Surge immunity test IEC 60255-22-5

IEC 61000-4-5

4.0kV L-E

2.0kV L-L



CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

500V L-E


communication ports

Conduct immunity test IEC 60255-22-6

IEC 61000-4-6

Frequency sweep: 150 kHz – 80

MHz

spot frequencies: 27 MHz and 68

MHz

10 V

AM, 80%, 1 kHz

Power frequency immunity test IEC60255-22-7 Class A

300 V CM

150 V DM

Power frequency magnetic field test IEC 61000-4-8 Level 4

30 A/m cont. / 300 A/m 1 s to 3 s

100 kHz burst immunity test IEC61000-4-18 2.5 kV CM ; 1 kV DM



CT / VT inputs

binary inputs

binary outputs

1 kV CM ; 0 kV DM


communication ports

DC voltage interruption test

Item Standard Data

DC voltage dips IEC 60255-11 100% reduction 20 ms

60% reduction 200 ms

30% reduction 500 ms

Technical Data

53

DC voltage interruptions IEC 60255-11 100% reduction 5 s

DC voltage ripple IEC 60255-11 15%, twice rated frequency

DC voltage gradual shut–down

/start-up

IEC 60255-11 60 s shut down ramp

5 min power off

60 s start-up ramp

DC voltage reverse polarity IEC 60255-11 1 min

Electromagnetic emission test

Item Standard Data

Radiated emission IEC60255-25

EN60255-25

CISPR22

30MHz to 1GHz ( IT device may up

to 5 GHz)

Conducted emission IEC60255-25

EN60255-25

CISPR22

0.15MHz to 30MHz

Mechanical tests

Item Standard Data

Sinusoidal Vibration response

test

IEC60255-21-1

EN 60255-21-1

Class 1

10 Hz to 60 Hz: 0.075 mm

60 Hz to 150 Hz: 1 g

1 sweep cycle in each axis

Relay energized

Sinusoidal Vibration endurance

test

IEC60255-21-1

EN 60255-21-1

Class 1

10 Hz to 150 Hz: 1 g

20 sweep cycle in each axis

Relay non-energized

Shock response test IEC60255-21-2

EN 60255-21-2

Class 1

5 g, 11 ms duration

3 shocks in both directions of 3 axes

Relay energized

Shock withstand test IEC60255-21-2

EN 60255-21-2

Class 1

15 g, 11 ms duration

3 shocks in both directions of 3 axes

Relay non-energized

Bump test IEC60255-21-2 Class 1

Technical Data

54

10 g, 16 ms duration

1000 shocks in both directions of 3

axes

Relay non-energized

Seismic test IEC60255-21-3 Class 1

X-axis 1 Hz to 8/9 Hz: 7.5 mm

X-axis 8/9 Hz to 35 Hz :2 g

Y-axis 1 Hz to 8/9 Hz: 3.75 mm

Y-axis 8/9 Hz to 35 Hz :1 g

1 sweep cycle in each axis,

Relay energized

Climatic tests

Item Standard Data

Cold test - Operation IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-1

-10°C, 16 hours, rated load

Cold test – Storage IEC60255-27 IEC60068-2-1 -25°C, 16 hours

Dry heat test – Operation [IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-2

+55°C, 16 hours, rated load

Dry heat test – Storage IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-2

+70°C, 16 hours

Change of temperature IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-14

Test Nb, figure 2, 5 cycles

-10°C / +55°C

Damp heat static test IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-78

+40°C, 93% r.h. 10 days, rated load

Damp heat cyclic test IEC60255-27

IEC60068-2-30

+55°C, 93% r.h. 6 cycles, rated load

CE Certificate

Item Data

EMC Directive EN 61000-6-2 and EN61000-6-4 (EMC Council

Directive 2004/108/EC)

Low voltage directive EN 60255-27 (Low-voltage directive 2006/95 EC).

Technical Data

55

Functions

NOTE: Ir: CT rated secondary current, 1A or 5A;

Transformer differential protection (ANSI 87T)

Item Range or value Tolerance

Instantaneous differential current 0.5 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Percentage differential current 0.08 Ir to 4.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir,

Restraint current 1 0.1 Ir to 1 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir


Slope 1 0.0 to 0.2

Slope 2 0.2 to 0.7

Slope 3 0.25 to 0.95

2nd harmonic restraint ratio 0.05 to 0.80 of fundamental

3rd / 5th harmonic restraint ratio 0.05 to 0.80

Reset ratio of restrained differential

approx. 0.7

Operating time of restraint differential

≤ 30ms at 200% setting, and IDifferential>2IRestraint

Operating time of instantaneous differential

20ms typically at 200% setting

Reset time approx. 40ms

Reactor differential protection (ANSI 87R)



Percentage differential current 0.05 Ir to 4.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir,



Slope 1 0.0 to 0.2

Slope 2 0.2 to 0.7

Slope 3 0.25 to 0.95

Operating time of restraint differential

≤ 30ms at 200% setting, and IDifferential>2IRestraint

Operating time of instantaneous differential

20ms typically at 200% setting


Technical Data

56

Restricted earth fault protection for transformer (ANSI-87NT)

Item Rang or Value Tolerance

Differential current 0.08 Ir to 2.00 Ir ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Slope 0.2 to 0.95

Time delay 0.00 to 60.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40ms, at 200%

operating setting

Reset ratio Approx. 0.7, at tripping

Operating time ≤ 30ms, at 200% setting


Restricted earth fault protection for reactor (ANSI-87NR)



Differential current threshold 0.03 Ir to 20.00 Ir ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Restraint current 1 0.05 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Slope 0 to 10

Differential current alarm 0.05 Ir to 2.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Alarm time delay 0.00 to 60.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40ms, at 200%

operating setting

Reset ratio Approx. 0.7, at tripping

Operating time ≤ 30ms, at 200% setting


Inter-turn fault protection (ANSI 16)


Transverse differential protection of single element

Current 0.08 Ir to 10.00 Ir ≤ ±5% setting or ±0.02Ir

Time delay after rotor single earth fault

0.10 to 1.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +50ms, at 200% operating setting

Filtering ratio of the 3rd harmonic

>100


Reset ratio Approx. 0.95 when I/In ≥ 0.5

zero-sequence voltage protection blocked by negative-sequence directional element

Zero sequence voltage of stage 1

3.00 to 100.00 V ≤ ±2.5% setting or ±0.05V

Zero-sequence voltage of stage 2

1.00 to 100.00 V

Time delay of stage 1 0.10 to 30.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40ms, at 200% operating setting

Time delay of stage 2 0.10 to 30.00s, step 0.01s

Technical Data

57

The most sensitive angle of negative sequence directional element

82.5°±5°

Operating range of negative sequence directional element

0°~165°

Filtering ratio of the 3rd harmonic

>100

Negative-sequence directional inter-turn protection

fault component of negative sequence current

0.02 Ir to 1.00 Ir ≤ ±5% setting or ±0.02Ir

fault component of negative sequence voltage

0.5V to 10V ≤ ±2.5% setting or ±0.05V

The most sensitive angle of

steady-state component

82.5°±5°

Minimum operating

negative-sequence increment

< 0.5% nS at the most sensitive

angle.

nS : rated secondary capacity

volume of generator.

Operating range of negative sequence directional element

0°~165°

Operating time <200ms at the most sensitive angle.

Overcurrent protection (ANSI 50, 51, 67)


Definite time characteristics


Time delay 0.00 to 60.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40ms, at 200% operating setting


Reset ratio Approx. 0.95 at I/In ≥ 0.5

Inverse time characteristics


IEC standard Normal inverse;

Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Long inverse

≤ ±5% setting + 40ms, at 2

<I/ISETTING < 20, in accordance

with IEC60255-151

ANSI Inverse;

Short inverse;

Long inverse;

Moderately inverse;

Very inverse;


<I/ISETTING < 20, in

accordance with ANSI/IEEE

C37.112,

Technical Data

58

Extremely inverse;

Definite inverse

user-defined characteristic T=

_

B k ≤ ±5% setting + 40ms, at 2


with IEC60255-151

Time factor of inverse time, A 0.005 to 200.0s, step 0.001s

Delay of inverse time, B 0.000 to 60.00s, step 0.01s

Index of inverse time, P 0.005 to 10.00, step 0.005

set time Multiplier for step n: k 0.05 to 999.0, step 0.01

Minimum operating time 20ms

Maximum operating time 100s

Reset mode instantaneous

Reset time approx. 40ms,

Directional element

Operating area range 　170° ≤ ±3°, at phase to phase voltage >1V Characteristic angle 0° to 90°, step 1°

Earth fault protection (ANSI 50N, 51N, 67N)

Item Rang or value Tolerance

Definite time characteristic




Reset ratio Approx. 0.95 at I/Ir ≥ 0.5




Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Long inverse

IEC60255-151


<I/ISETTING < 20

ANSI Inverse;

Short inverse;

Long inverse;

Moderately inverse;

Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Definite inverse

ANSI/IEEE C37.112,


<I/ISETTING < 20


_

B k IEC60255-151


Technical Data

59

<I/ISETTING < 20

Time factor of inverse time, A 0.005 to 200.0s, step

0.001s








Directional element

Operating area range of zero

sequence directional element 　160°

≤ ±3°, at 3U0≥1V

Characteristic angle 0° to 90°, step 1°

Operating area range of negative

sequence directional element 　160°

≤ ±3°, at 3U2≥2V


Neutral earth fault protection (50G, 51G, 67G)

Item Rang or value Tolerance





Reset ratio Approx. 0.95 at I/Ir ≥ 0.5




Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Long inverse


<I/ISETTING < 20, in accordance with

IEC60255-151

ANSI Inverse;

Short inverse;

Long inverse;

Moderately inverse;

Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Definite inverse



with ANSI/IEEE C37.112,

Technical Data

60


_

B k ≤ ±5% setting + 40ms, at 2

<I/ISETTING < 20, in accordance with

IEC60255-151

Time factor of inverse time, A 0.005 to 200.0s, step

0.001s








Directional element

Operating area range 　160° ≤ ±3°, at 3U0≥1V


Operating area range 　160° ≤ ±3°, at 3U2≥2V




Upper function limit

Max current for inrush restraint

0.25 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting value or ±0.02Ir

Ratio of 2nd harmonic current to

fundamental component current

0.10 to 0.45, step 0.01

Cross-block (IL1, IL2, IL3)

(settable time)

0.00s to 60.00 s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40ms

Thermal overload protection (ANSI-49)



Thermal heating time constant 1 to 9999 s

Thermal cooling time constant 1 to 9999 s

IEC cold curve

22

2

ln

II

It

eq

eq IEC 60255–8,

≤ ±5% setting or +40ms

IEC hot curve

22

22

ln

II

IIt

eq

Peq

IEC 60255–8,

≤ ±5% setting or +40ms

Technical Data

61

Breaker failure protection (ANSI 50 BF)


phase current

Negative sequence current

zero sequence current

0.08 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Time delay of stage 1 0.00s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +25 ms, at

200% operating setting Time delay of stage 2 0.00s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s

Reset ratio >0.95

Reset time of stage 1 < 20ms

Dead zone protection (ANSI 50DZ)



Time delay 0.00s to 32.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40 ms, at

200% operating setting

Reset ratio >0.95

Pole discordance protection (ANSI 50PD)



Time delay 0.00s to 60.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40 ms, at


Reset ratio >0.95

Overexcitation protection (ANSI 24)


Reference voltage UN 40 to 130V, ≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Inverse time characteristic

Ratio: 1.00 to 1.50 ≤ ±2.5% of the setting or 0.01

Time delay 0.1s to 9999s ≤±5% setting or ±70ms

Pair of Values for characteristic of V/f

1.05 /1.10 /1.15 /1.20 /1.25 /1.30 /1.35 /1.40 /1.45 /1.50

≤±5% setting or ± 70ms

Reset time, Approx. 70ms

Reset ratio ≥0.96


Technical Data

62

Time delay T 0.1s to 9999s ≤±5% setting or ±70ms, at 200% operating setting

Reset time, Approx. 70ms

Reset ratio ≥0.96

Undervoltage protection (ANSI 27)


Voltage connection Phase-to-phase voltages or

phase-to-earth voltages

≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Phase to earth voltage 5 to 75 V , step 1 V ≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Phase to phase voltage 10 to 150 V, step 1 V ≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Reset ratio 1.01 to 2.00, step 0.01 ≤ ±3 % setting

Time delay 0.00 to 120.00 s, step 0.01 s ≤ ±1 % setting or +50 ms, at 80%

operating setting

Current criteria 0.08 to 2.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Reset time ≤ 50 ms

Overvoltage protection (ANSI 59)


Voltage connection Phase-to-phase voltages or

phase-to-earth voltages

≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Phase to earth voltage 40 to 100 V, step 1 V ≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Phase to phase voltage 80 to 200 V, step 1 V ≤ ±3 % setting or ±1 V

Reset ratio 0.90 to 0.99, step 0.01 ≤ ±3 % setting

Time delay 0.00 to 60.00 s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1 % setting or +50 ms, at


Reset time <40ms

Ordering

63

VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF)

Item Range or value Tolerances

Minimum current 0.08Ir to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir

Minimum zero or negative

sequence current

0.08Ir to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A ≤ ±5% setting or ±0.02Ir

Maximum phase to earth voltage 7.0V to 20.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V

Maximum phase to phase

voltage

10.0V to 30.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V

Normal phase to earth voltage 40.0V to 65.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V

Ordering

64

Pre-configure schemes

Table 4 Functions and hardware of the pre-configure schemes for 2 windings transformer

Pre-configure version M01 M03 M05 M07 N01

Transformer type (N1) 2W 2W 2W 2W 2W

Breaker arrangement (N2) H2L2 H2L1 H2L2 H2L1 H1L1

Application (N3) F F M M M

Transformer differential protection (87T) 1 1 1 1 1

Restricted earth fault protection (87NT) 2 2 2 2 2

Distance protection (21)

Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67) 2 2

Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N) 2 2

Neutral earth fault protection (50G, 51G) 2 2

Thermal overload protection (49) 2 2 1 1 1

Overload protection (50OL) 2 2

Delta Winding Overload Protection (51)

Over excitation protection (24) 1 1 1 1 1

Overvoltage protection (59) 2 2

Undervoltage protection(27) 2 2

Zero sequence overvoltage protection (59N) 1 1

STUB protection (50STUB) 2 1

Breaker failure protection (50BF) 1

Dead-zone protection (50DZ) 1

Poles discordance protection (50PD) 1

CT secondary circuit supervision 1 1 1 1 1

VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF) 1 1 1 1 1

2 Sets External Trip Commands (BIs → BOs) 1 1 1 1 1

Analogue input module (8I + 4U) 2 2 2 2 1

CPU modules 2 2 2 2 1

Communication module(with Ethernet interfaces, RS485 1 1 1 1 1

Ordering

65

interfaces and time synchronizing interface)

Binary input module( 30 BI) 1 1 1 1 1

Binary output modules (16 relays for tripping and

initiation) 2 2 2 2 1

Binary output modules (16 relays for signal) 2 2 2 2 1

Power supply module 1 1 1 1 1

Programmable LEDs 18 18 18 18 18

Case, 4U,19” 1 1 1 1 1

NOTE:

n : Quantity of standard function or standard hardware, n= 1, 2, ….;

(n) : Quantity of optional function or optional hardware, n= 1, 2, ….;

N1: Transformer type:

2W – Two winding transformer

3W—Three winding transformer

AT – Autotransformer

N2: Breaker arrangement:

H2 – Two breakers on High voltage side; Two CT inject in IED

M1 – One breaker on Medium voltage side; One CT inject in IED

L1 – One breaker on Low voltage side; One CT inject in IED

N3: Application:

M – Work as Main protection only

F – Full functions version, work as main and backup protection in one IED

Ordering

66

Table 5 Functions and hardware of the pre-configure schemes for 3 winding transformer and

auto-transformer

Pre-configure version M02 M04 M06 M08 M10

Transformer type (N1) 3W/AT 3W/AT 3W/AT 3W/AT 3W/AT

Breaker arrangement (N2) H2

M2

L1

H2

M1

L1

H2

M2

L1

H2

M1

L1

H2

M2

L1

Application (N3) F F M M F

Transformer differential protection (87T) 1 1 1 1 1

Restricted earth fault protection (87NT) 2 2 2 2 2

Distance protection(21) 1

Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67) 3 3 3

Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N) 3 3 2

Neutral earth fault protection (50G, 51G) 2 2 1

Thermal overload protection (49) 2 2 1 1 2

Overload protection (50OL) 3 3 3

Delta Winding Overload Protection (51) 1 1 1

Over excitation protection (24) 1 1 1 1 1

Overvoltage protection (59) 2 2 1

Undervoltage protection (27) 2 2 1

Zero sequence overvoltage (59N) 1 1 1

STUB protection (50STUB) 2 1 2

Breaker failure protection (50BF) 1 2

Dead-zone protection (50DZ) 1 2

Poles discordance protection (50PD) 1 2

CT secondary circuit supervision 1 1 1 1 1

VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF) 1 1 1 1 1

2 Sets External Trip Commands (BIs → BOs) 1 1 1 1 1

Analogue input module (8I + 4U) 3 3 3 3 3

CPU modules 2 2 2 2 2

Ordering

67

Communication module(with Ethernet

interfaces, RS485 interfaces and time

synchronizing interface)

1 1 1 1 1

Binary input module( 30 BI) 1 1 1 1 1

Binary output modules (16 relays for tripping

and initiation)

2 2 2 2 2

Binary output modules (16 relays for signal) 2 2 2 2 2

Power supply module 1 1 1 1 1

Programmable LEDs 18 18 18 18 18

Case, 4U,19” 1 1 1 1 1

NOTE:











N3: Application:



Ordering

68

Table 6 Functions and hardware of the pre-configure schemes for reactor

Pre-configure version R01 R02

Voltage level (kV) ≥ 230 ≥ 230

Application Full Differential

protection

Reactor differential protection (87R) 1 1

Restricted earth fault protection (87NR) 1 1

Inter-turn fault protection (16) 1 1

Overcurrent protection (50,51) 1

Earth fault protection (50N,51N) 1

Neutral earth fault protection (50G,51G) 1

Thermal overload protection (49) 1

Overload protection (50OL) 1

Overvoltage protection (59) 1

Undervoltage protection (27) 1

Zero overvoltage protection (59N) 1

Breaker failure protection (50BF) 1

Poles discordance protection (50PD) 1

CT secondary circuit supervision 1 1

VT secondary circuit supervision (97FF) 1 1

2 sets external trip commands (BIs → BOs) 1 1

Analogue input module (8I + 4U) 1 1

CPU modules 2 2

Communication module(with Ethernet interfaces, RS485

interfaces and time synchronizing interface) 1 1

Binary input module( 30 BI) 1 1

Binary output modules (16 relays for tripping and initiation) 2 2

Binary output modules (16 relays for signal) 2 2

Power supply module 1 1

Programmable LEDs 18 18

Ordering

69

Case, 4U,19” 1 1

NOTE:











N3: Application:



Ordering

70

Ordering code

C

M

0~9

0~9

No.1~16 No.17~39

S 3 2 -C 6

Ethernet interface:IEC61850-8; RS485 interface: IEC60870-5-103

English

French

Russian

Spanish

Portuguese

1

2

3

4

5

50 Hz 5

660 Hz

Ethernet interface:IEC60870-5-103; RS485 interface: IEC60870-5-103

FL T

1

2

Transformer for transmission network

Pre-configure scheme number 1

Pre-configure scheme number 2

Transformer for sub-transmission network N

Reactor R

Ordering

71

Ordering

72

Ordering

73

Documents

CSC-326 Tra nsfo rme r Protection IED · 2014-04-08 · CSC spee for tr powe appli F th-t S p U u F-m U in W o.-326 is se d IED (Int ansformer rful capab cations: or large an ree-windin