CS62.1: Reaching Out to NGOs/CSOs in Viet Nam by Hubert Jenny

7/30/2019 CS62.1: Reaching Out to NGOs/CSOs in Viet Nam by Hubert Jenny

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Water Catchment Series

“Reaching out to NGOs and CSOs

in Viet Nam”

25 April 2013

Hubert Jenny, Principal Urban Development Specialist, SEUW/VRM

Nitish Jha, Rural water and sanitation consultant SEUW/VRM



Wide Definition of NGOs

• ADB defines NGOs rather broadly: – Non-Government Organizations, by registration

– Civil Society Organizations (CSOs)

– Mass organizations – Educational & research institutes

– Sector associations and networks for informationsharing and capacity building

• But not:- Bilateral and multilateral development partners

(although they do figure in ADB VRM’s NGO story)

- Individuals



NGOs Outreach

VRM Water and Sanitation

• Presentation on 12/04/13 at VRM: – Annual program “Sector NGO Outreach “

– Half day

– Opening speech by CD VRM

– Presentation CSP 2012 – 2015 for Viet Nam

– Presentation Urban, Water and SanitationProgram/Projects (ongoing and program to 2015)

– Presentation NGOC, NGOC Focal in DMC, ProjectCycle, Procurement, Safeguards, CLS, Gender andNGOs/CSOs inputs into ADB Operations

– Conclusion



Why work with NGOs/CSOs?

• NGOs link to Communities: – Facilitate participatory approach to project designand project implementation

Ensure project long term sustainability

• NGOs = “motors of innovation” – Bring new ideas, approaches and technologies to

ADB and GOV’s attention

• NGOs allow ADB to reach the poorestand most disadvantaged groups

=> Contribute to the goal of Reducing Poverty and inclusiveness



How to Work with NGOs/CSOs

• PPTA – Invitation NGOs/CSOs to all stakeholders

workshops (3 to 4 per year)

– Educate: Level of Service, Governance, Privatesector participation and water tariff

Sometimes Agree to Disagree

– Oversight role of NGOs and CSOs recognized andacknowledged by ADB

=> Accountability to communities through betteraccess to information, improved communicationand transparency in project design



Some NGO Roles vis-à-vis ADB

• Policy Dialogue Partner• Sector Knowledge Expert (on issues like

DEWATS, Up scaling Sanitation, Biogas, OBA,Water Safety Plans, etc.)

• Project Partner (helps cofinance project)

• Facilitator

• Project Implementing Agency

• Monitor (“Watchdog”) • Consultant (for services, technical assistance)

• Contractor (for goods and works)





Funding Modalities for NGOs

• Grants:- Pilot & Demonstration Activity

- Grants and Seed Grants from Trust Funds, e.g.,JFPR (Japan), UNESCO-IHE (Netherlands), WFPF,UFPF, Technical Assistance (PPTA / CDTA / PATA)

• NGO selection: ADB (TA) / GOV (Loan) – QBS default selection method; Too complex!

• NGO Cofinancing: Parallel / Joint Cofinancing

• TA: NGOs may be directly contracted for specifictasks or components or competitive Selection

• Loans: ADB role of no objection and M&E project



Issues of interest to WASH NGOs

• Different kinds of assessments and surveys: watsanaccess, socioeconomic, poverty, governance, …

• Propagation of appropriate and innovative watersupply and sanitation technologies

• Fostering innovative institutional or financial

mechanisms to reach the poor and disadvantaged• Community mobilization through IEC, including

raising awareness on the need to pay for utilities

• ADB Project Safeguards (Ethnic minorities,

Resettlement, and Environment)• ADB Core Labor Standards (CLS)

• Gender integration

• Monitoring of ADB / GOV activities



Core Labor Standards

• CLS: Integral part ADB’s SocialProtection Strategy since 2001

- Freedom of association and effective recognition

of the right to collective bargaining

- Elimination of all forms of forced labor

- Effective abolition of child labor

- Elimination of discrimination in respect of

employment and occupation

• Adherence to CLS monitored at all

stages of project cycle (Procurement)



Gender Analysis Considerations

during Project Design

• Consult both women & men and consider their needs

• Identify cultural, social, legal and economic gender

constraints and prepare strategies to overcome these• Put in place mechanisms to ensure gender parity in

project benefits

• Appoint women’s organizations as service providers

• Determine whether and how women benefit from

various project outputs

• Create baseline with sex-disaggregated data



Meaningful Consultation

• Begins early and is carried out on an ongoing basis

throughout implementation

• Timely information disclosure that is adequate,

understandable and readily accessible to APs• Free of intimidation or coercion

• Gender-inclusive and sensitive to needs of

vulnerable groups, women and youth• Incorporates all relevant views of APs and other

stakeholders





The Aquaya Institute, USA

• PDA for simple water treatment technology withPressure Sand Filters (PSFs) and mechanicalchlorinators in 4 gravity-fed water supply schemes inremote communes of Hue Province to provide access

to treated water to rural residents

• Additional innovation: Development of Water SafetyPlans for rural water supply systems

• Grant $50,000 (2011) and additional financing fromAquaya (through other donors) to test disposablewater treatment kits and mobile phone-basedreporting for water quality in the communities

=> Basis for future JPFR Project (remote communities)



SNV – Netherlands

• Cofinanced equally by SNV and ADB: 2 x $50,000• Small Towns Sanitation Options Study conducted in

2012 in four towns of Thua Thien Hue Province

• A comprehensive study of options available for

multiple aspects of sanitation, including on-sitesanitation, sewerage & drainage, wastewatertreatment, and solid waste management

• ADB worked with SNV to assemble a multi-disciplinary team of 5 experts

=> Basis to evaluate costing of potential investment to improve sanitation in tertiary cities (populationunder 50,000)



Centre for Social Research and Community

Development (SORCODE), Hue

• Seed Grant Survey for an upcoming JFPR project:

(i) Establish a baseline for community access towater supply and sanitation in 11 rural communesacross 4 districts of Hue Province;

(ii) Conduct a KAP (Knowledge, Attitudes andPractices) survey with regard to water and sanitationmanagement in these communes; and

(iii) Produce a weighted ranking of communes most

in need of investment• Direct selection with a small grant of $30,000, which

enabled a survey under tight financial conditions

• 5 months over 2011-2012



Centre for Social Research and

Development (CSRD), Hue

• Member of Viet Nam Rivers Network andcoordinating agency for independent monitoring of ADB activities in the central region

• Monitored activities in the energy as well as watersupply sectors, with a primary focus on the quality of community consultations

• Cooperation has improved substantially between

ADB and CSRD over time:- Participation to all stakeholders workshops (PPTA)

- Cosigned letter to ADB President during AGM HaNoi in 2011





SEUW Engagement in Viet Nam

– Ongoing commitment with NGOs/CSOs: Dedicatedmember of Viet Nam Water Team (Nitish Jha)

– Enable ADB to consult and keep channels of communication open throughout the project cycle

– Recognize positive impacts from NGOs/CSOs:Friends rather than Foes

– Importance of Associations: Fatherland Front,Women Union members of Peoples’ Council

(legislative branch of local governments) – Participation in Stakeholders Workshops, Viet Nam

Urban Forum, RWSS Forum, WSS DonorCoordination Meetings, ...

Documents

CS62.1: Reaching Out to NGOs/CSOs in Viet Nam by Hubert Jenny