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CS-495/595Big Data

Virtualization

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How do programs operate? What is Virtualization? What is it good for? What is it not good for? Conclusion References

Table of contents I

1 How do programs operate?

2 What is Virtualization?

3 What is it good for?

4 What is it not good for?

5 Conclusion

6 References

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A 50,000 foot view

What are the layers in this cake?

User — the person (orthing) that want’ssomething done

Application — the programthat does the work

Hardware — the silicone,copper, other tangibles thatgenerate heat

Operating system —arbitrates between multipleprograms and limitedresources

Figure: Notional view of computerlayers [3].

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Focusing on the OS

What does it do?

Provides a user interface(maybe a Command LineInterface)

Schedules access to thehardware

Schedules the functions ofthe CPU

Figure: A few OS details [2].

An OS is a program (albeit, a large program). What if we couldwrite a program that would run an OS as an application??

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Tricking the upper layer.

Higher layers rely on lowerlayers for services

Layers create interfaces

Interfaces allow for hidingdetails

What is real? And, what isvirtual? [1]

As long as the lower layer supplies all the services, the upper layerwon’t know where the services originated.

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How do programs operate? What is Virtualization? What is it good for? What is it not good for? Conclusion References

One hardware suite can run many OS in virtualmachines.

Ultimately the hardwaredetermines how many virtualmachines can be run

Faster CPU(s), more RAM,more network connections,more disks, . . . , more isbetter

Fewer actual machinesusually means lower power,lower cooling, cheaperupgrade path

With clever software, almost anything can be virtualized. Hadoopis clever software.

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How do programs operate? What is Virtualization? What is it good for? What is it not good for? Conclusion References

Anything that has to be fast.

Underlying hardware suite isshared across all “machines”

Mission critical applications

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In summary.

To use virtual machines, or

To not use virtual machines.

It depends on what is important.

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How do programs operate? What is Virtualization? What is it good for? What is it not good for? Conclusion References

What have we covered?

There are lots of free virtualmachine programs for you to tryThey are good for trying, testing,experimentingThey are good for maximum use ofavailable hardwareThey are not good for real-timeapplicationsHDFS is a virtual file system

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References I

[1] Paul Hodge, Virtualization 101: Understanding how to do morewith less, https://www.isa.org/standards-and-publications/isa-publications/intech-magazine/

2011/august/system-integration-virtualization-101-

understanding-how-to-do-more-with-less/, 2011.

[2] Willy-Peter Schaub, Unisa chatter operating system concepts:Part 2 system structures,http://blogs.msdn.com/b/willy-peter_schaub/

archive/2010/01/07/unisa-chatter-operating-system-

concepts-part-2-system-structures.aspx, 2010.

[3] Wikipedia, Software — wikipedia, the free encyclopedia,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software, 2015.