1) MONGOL COMPOUND BOWS, by Christian Delabos from Claymore #7

10

THE MONGOL ARMY

This extension was written by Christian Delabos and published in 1995 in Claymore magazine #7. The extension and the three associated scenarios were translated by Bob Gingell in February 2000. The tables of points values in section 4 are an addition by the translator.

Contents

1Introduction

2Tactical composition of the Mongol Army

3New missile weapons

4Strategic rules

5Mongol army scenarios

(1)The Captains Head

(2)The Wanderers

(3)There can be only one!

1.INTRODUCTION

We have seen, at the court of the (Mongol) Emperor, the Grand Prince of Russia, the son of the King of Georgia, many sultans and other princes to whom they pay no respect; and even ordinary Tartars who have been sent to escort them, however poor they were, walked in front of them and always took a better seat (Jean de Plan Carpin).

In the XIIIth century, the Mongol hurricane swept over Eurasia and reduced to cinders towns and empires. Europe and the Holy Land underwent their attacks and Japan repelled two invasions. Here is something that merits a few scenarios for Croisades, Samoura and Cry Havoc

To put these scenarios into operation, we need a game aid: so here it is

Chronology

1206Temujin takes the name of Genghis Khan: supreme chief of the Mongols.

1215Capture of Peking by the Mongols.

1220Capture of Bukhara and Samarkand: destruction of the Empire of Khwarizm.

1221Defeat of the Georgians; Conquest of Afghanistan; Battle of Kalka: Russian defeat.

1235Occupation of Azerbaijan.Conquest of Russia.

1241Conquest of Korea; Invasion of Poland and Hungary; Battle of Liegnitz: Polish-German defeat; Battle of Mohi: Hungarian defeat; The Mongols reach Austria and Croatia.

1243Defeat of the Seljuks at Erzinjan.

1256Invasion and occupation of Iran.Siege, capture and sack of Baghdad.

1258Mongol invasion of Syria; Battle of Ayn Jalut: Mongols defeated by the Mamluks.

1266Mongol invasion of Byzantine Thrace.

1274Halting of the first Mongol invasion of Japan.

1281Halting of the second Mongol attack on Japan.

2.TACTICAL COMPOSITION OF THE MONGOL ARMY

One of the greatest strengths of the Mongol Army was that a majority of the army was made up of a powerful national cavalry. However, other peoples did fight for the Mongols: these auxiliaries were primarily foot soldiers.

[NOTE: Croisades as published proposes using the counters from Samoura (excluding the monks, ninjas and peasants) as Mongols, but giving all shortbows, all treated as unarmoured with a mounted move of 16 and a foot move of 8. The rules below offer a better balance and, in particular, provide the horse archers that formed such a major part of the Mongol armies.]

1)Mongol heavy cavalry

Members of the heavy cavalry were equipped with a coat of mail, a breastplate of scale mail, a scimitar and a lance 3.5 metres long. Most heavy cavalrymen also carried the Mongol bow (see below).

To represent the Mongol heavy cavalry, use the mounted Samurais (from Samoura) and the Royal Mamluks (from Croisades). Only the Samurais armed with a bow should be treated as being armed with the Mongol bow.

Mongol Heavy Cavalry: Arimari, Jichu, Kunika, Masanaga, Munehisa, Rokudai, Shigehira, Tadanori, Tadatsuna, Tomomori; Al-Kamil, Abaga, El-Arish, Hakim, Maarat.

2)Light cavalry

The Mongol light cavalry was composed entirely of horse archers. These men carried the recurved mongol bow, a weapon more powerful even than the Welsh longbow (see rules below).

To represent the Mongol horse archers, use the counters (from Croisades) for the horse archers, the Seljuk light cavalry archers, the Turcopoles and the Mamluk light cavalry. All of these counters should be treated as carrying the Mongol bow.

Mongol light cavalry: Ayub, Fakr, Imad, Mongka, Qutuz, Rashid, Usamah; Bar, Ruzzik, Yesugai; Arnulf, Kamal, Merton, Mosul, Reuben, Tamara; Baha, Faiz, Rashid, Taki, Vezelay, Yaghi.

3)Auxiliary heavy cavalry

Some peoples conquered by the Mongols, such as the Georgians, furnished an auxiliary heavy cavalry. To represent these men, use the counters for Seljuk heavy cavalry (from Croisades).

Auxiliary heavy cavalry: As-Salih, Kilij, Saladin.

4)Auxiliary infantry

To start with, the Mongol armies were composed solely of cavalry. But, little by little, the conquered peoples furnished an auxiliary infantry, most useful in carrying out sieges These infantrymen were Russian, Muslim, Chinese, Korean, Georgian and Armenian.

To represent the Russian auxiliary infantry, use the bondi counters from Vikings.

Russian auxiliary infantry: Askjel, Balder, Domar, Glum, Grim, Gyrd, Hagbard, Hermod, Otto, Runolv, Stig, Torleik, Torodd, Vagn, Yngve.

The Muslim auxiliary infantry will be represented by the Syrian spearmen from Croisades.

Muslim auxiliary infantry: Abdul, Ali, Baysan, Husseyin, Mesut, Tossaun.

The counters for yari and bowmen from Samoura provide Chinese and Korean auxiliary infantry. Note that the Chinese and Korean archers are armed with short bows.

Chinese and Korean auxiliary infantry: Aritomo, Domei, Hiro, Hidemasa, Hoshii, Ishido, Jikkyu, Kenzan, Kiyama, Kobi, Korekado, Tadamoto, Taitaro, Tamazaki, Todo, Yabu, Yukio, Zataki.

Chinese auxiliary archers (short bow): Asai, Asagi, Nobuzane, Obata, Omoshi, Saikaku.

Georgia and Armenia provided numerous troops for the Mongol campaigns in Syria. The ceorl counters from Vikings represent the Armenian and Georgian auxiliaries.

Armenian and Georgian auxiliaries: Aelfric, Aelmaer, Aethelberht, Aelfweard, Eadric, Eardwulf, Godwine, Ordheh, Oswald, Weohstan.

5)Auxiliary crossbowmen

Never very numerous, Chinese or Muslim crossbowmen often fought for the Mongols.

Auxiliary crossbowmen: Jehangir, Nayeen.

6)Engineers

Engineers in the Mongol armies were often Chinese. To represent these men, use the monk counters from Samoura.

Chinese engineers: Harafusa, Haunaga, Hideaki, Kagesue.

7)War machines

The Mongols did not hesitate to use war machines in the planning of battles in open country. Any Mongol player will therefore be able to deploy ballistas in his possession in the planning of a land battle (see Croisades section 2.5). Remember that the ballista counters and the rules applying to them are contained in the boxed game Siege.

3.NEW MISSILE WEAPONS

1)Mongol compound bows

Modifications, range and frequency of fire for Mongol bow

Range

Short

Medium

Long

Frequency of fire

Limits on movement

Modification

0

+1

+2

Horse bow

1-27 hexes

28-50 hexes

51-105 hexes

Offensive + defensive

No limit

Foot bow

1-30 hexes

31-55 hexes

56-110 hexes

Offensive only

Offensive + defensive

movement

No movement

Wounded archer: +1 to die roll.

The longbow results table from Croisades is used for the Mongol bow.

[Note: If players feel that the Mongol horse archers are too powerful, give them the same rate of fire as mounted shortbows Offensive fire only: no limit, Offensive + defensive fire: move only.]

Points value (purchase cost): Heavy cavalry archer 3x Attack Strength + 2x Defence Strength;

Light cavalry archer 3x Attack Strength + 1x Defence Strength.

2)Supplement: Different arrow types, by Fabrice Renier from Claymore #10

[Rules for one additional type of arrow, the flaming arrow, are provided in Siege. These rules are an optional extra, but should be used sparingly.] The bow, one of the oldest missile weapons, has undergone many modifications over the centuries (short bow, long bow, compound recurved bow, etc). However, we must not overlook the arrows, which also have known some specialisation: the hunting arrow, the war arrow, the cutting arrow, etc

The Mongols were a people that knew how to use bows to the best advantage, and they had an impressive number of types of arrow available to them. This game aid concerns two types of arrow which can be used as options: the arrow with an explosive head and the cutting arrow.

These two types of arrow can be used alongside normal arrows. During a campaign, at the start of each tactical battle the archers are re-supplied to their maximum carrying capacity with the different types of arrow: they can never have more than 5 arrows of each of each of these types.

The arrow with an explosive head

This is only available to the Mongols who had the secret of gunpowder thanks to their contacts with the Chinese. They were certainly used from the end of the XIIth century in the East and Middle-Eastern states.

Each Mongol archer may carry only 5 of these arrows. When an archer dies and he still has some explosive arrows, another archer may pick them up by remaining for a full turn next to the dead archer without fighting or shooting.

Shooting with an explosive arrow is only possible during offensive fire. The fuse must first be lit, one of the most dangerous moments for the archer. The player rolls 1D10, and on 1-3 the arrow explodes and kills the archer (this happened quite often).

If the arrow has not exploded, the player designates a target hex and rolls 1D6 to see if the explosion has any effect on adjacent hexes around the target. 1 means that only the target hex is affected, 2-6 means that one adjacent hex, counting clockwise from lower left, is also affected (the hex immediately in front of the target is never affected 6 is the hex on lower right).

Effect of explosive arrow (1D10)

Die roll

Target hex

Adjacent hex

Explanation of results

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9+

A

A

B

B

C

C

D

D

-

A

B

C

C

D

D

D

-

-

A: Foot killed;

Horse and rider both killed.

B: Foot wounded;

Horse killed , rider wounded.

C: Foot stunned;

Horse unharmed, rider stunned.

D: Foot retreats 2 hexes;

Horseman retreats 4 hexes.

-: No effect.

[Note: The table has been modified slightly to cover omissions in the rules as published (results of 7-8 for horsemen in target hex, result of 4 for effect on foot and horse in adjacent hex).]

Cutting arrows

This type of arrow can be used by all types of archer. Its purpose is to cut the tendons of horses and so unhorse the knights who will then be on foot and more vulnerable.

Each archer may have 5 of these arrows. As with the explosive arrows, when an archer dies and still has some cutting arrows, another archer can take them by remaining next to the body for 1 turn without fighting or shooting.

The cutting arrows can be used only in offensive fire. They are used only against mounted targets. Shooting is only possible with aimed fire, thus only at short range:

Horse shortbow: 1-12 hexes; Shortbow: 1-15 hexes; Mongol bow: 1-30 hexes

Die roll

Shortbow

Mongol bow

Explanation of results

1-3

4

5

6

7

8

9+

A

C

C

C

C

-

-

A

A

B

B

C

C

-

A: Horse killed, rider wounded.

B: Horse killed, rider stunned.

C: Horse unharmed, rider stunned.

-: No effect.

4.STRATEGIC RULES

1)Compatibility of counters to area of operations, plus table of costs

The table below allows a match between historical realism and use of the counters available.

Area of operation

Europe

Middle East

Japan

Purchase cost

Mongol heavy cav (some with bow)

Samurais

Royal Mamluks

Samurais

Royal Mamluks

1 ATT + 2 DEF

3 ATT + 2 DEF

Auxiliary heavy cavalry

Seljuk heavy cav

Seljuk heavy cav

1 ATT + 2 DEF

Mongol light cavalry archers

Horse archers

Seljuk light cav

Mamluk lt cav

Turcopoles

Horse archers

Seljuk light cav

Mamluk light cav

Turcopoles

Horse archers

Seljuk light cav

Mamluk light cav

Turcopoles

3 ATT + 1 DEF

Chinese + Korean auxiliary infantry

Yaris

Archers

Yaris

Archers

1 ATT + DEF

2 ATT + 1 DEF

Russian aux inf

Bondi

1 ATT + DEF

Muslim aux inf

Syrian spearmen

1 ATT + DEF

Armenian and Georgian aux inf

Ceorls

1 ATT + DEF

Chinese / Muslim auxiliary crossbow

Unarmoured Muslim crossbow

Unarmoured Muslim crossbow

3 ATT + 1 DEF

Chinese engineers

Monks

Monks

Monks

4 ATT + 2 DEF

2)Land movement (Strategic rules for Croisades)

We will ignore the modifications to movement allowances proposed in the rules to Croisades. The Mongols did not run faster than other men, and their horses were not the swiftest in the world.

The movement allowance of an infantryman is thus 8 Movement Points (MPs). The allowance of a heavy cavalryman is 12 MPs. The allowance of a light cavalryman is 15 MPs.

On the other hand, the Mongol armies were very well organised from the point of view of strategic reconnaissance and from the point of view of supply. This excellent organisation bore fruit in relation to strategic movement (see section 2.4 of the Croisades rules).

For strategic movement the Mongol player consults the following table:

Movement allowances

Category of character

Strategic movement

Draft animals and cart / Wounded men on foot

2 points

Men on foot in good health / Wounded cavalry

3 points

Heavy cavalry and mules

4 points

Light cavalry

6 points

3)Command and morale of the troops

A Mongol army was composed of 3 touman of cavalry, each of which consisted of 10,000 men. Leaders of the touman were chosen by the Khan: they were called noyans. No Great Khan personally commanded an army in Europe, Syria or Japan, so we will count the noyans as if they were Khans. Note that the Khans were of royal blood and descended from Genghis Khan. Army commanders who were not Khans had the title of Orlok.

-The Samurai Tadatsuna and the Mamluk Al-Kamil have the title of Khan or Orlok.

-The Samurais Tomomori, Munehisa and Jichu, and the Mamluks Abaga and Hakim have the title of Noyan.

-Other Samurais and Royal Mamluks bear the title of Bahadur and represent the equivalent of European knights.

-The auxiliary troops must always stay together with their ethnic group within a range of 10 hexes. These troops are a bit weak and this is reflected in the morale table.

Mongol

Character

COMMAND

MORALE

Character class (C)

Range

Power

Level

Khan

C1

Supreme Commander

12

25 x C2 / C3

15

Orlok

15

Noyan

C2

Noble

10

15 x C3 / C4

12

Bahadur

C3

Officer

08

10 x C4 / C5

10

Mongol Light Cavalry

C4

NCO

06

8 x C5

10

Auxiliary Heavy Cavalry

07

Auxiliary Infantry

C5

Regular

04

Engineer

C6

Irregular

03

Armed Peasant

02

Civilian

01

4)Bibliography

-James Chambers: Les cavaliers du diable, linvasion mongole en Europe [The devils horsemen, the Mongol invasion of Europe], Payot, 1988.

-Ren Grousset: Le conqurant du monde (vie de Gengis-Khan) [The Conqueror of the World (the life of Genghis Khan)], Albin Michel, 1944.

-Ren Grousset: Lempire des steppes [The Empire of the Steppes], Payot, 1985.

-Ian Heath: Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1096-1291, W.R.G.P., 1978

-Chantal Lemercier-Quelquejay: La paix mongole [The Mongol Peace], questions dhistoire, Flammarion, 1970.

5)Points Values for Mongol troops under Mongol Armies extension rules

Name

PV mt/ft

Name

PV

mt/ft

Name

PV

Commanders

Tadatsuna

Al-Kamil

Jichu (bow)

Tomomori

Munehisa

Hakim

Abaga

Heavy cavalry

Shigehira (bow)

Arimari (bow)

Kunika (bow)

Masanaga, Rokudai

Tadanori

Maarat

El-Arish

Auxiliary cavalry

Saladin

As-Salih

Kilij

Russian auxiliaries

Grim

Yngve, Glum

Runolv, Stig, Gyrd

Askjel

Hagbard, Otto, Torleik

Balder

Vagn, Torodd, Hermod

Domar

62

66

112

60

56

57

48

111

93

92

52

49

60

42

40

32

29

23

22

46

22

22

23

21

47

44

46

18

18

25

19

17

14

12

12

9

8

7

6

6

5

4

Light horse archers

Baha

Taki

Yaghi

Arnulf, Kamal

Merton

Faiz

Reuben

Vezelay

Rashid, Mosul

Yesugai, Ayub, Fakr

Tamara

Imad

[Arghun], Mongka

Ruzzik

Qutuz, Rashid

Bar, Usamah

Muslim auxiliaries

Husseyin

Baysan

Mesut

Abdul, Ali

Tossaun

Armenian / Georgian auxiliaries

Godwine, Oswald

Aelfweard, Ordheh

Aelfric

Eadric, Eardwulf, Aethelberht

Aelmaer, Weohstan

81

73

65

64

61

57

53

53

49

43

42

39

36

33

32

29

42

38

34

34

31

30

27

26

26

23

23

19

19

16

16

16

11

10

8

7

5

13

11

10

9

8

Chinese auxiliaries

Taitaro

Kenzan, Kobi, Tadamoto

Hidemasa, Hiro, Ishido

Domei, Kiyama

Tamazaki, Todo, Hoshii

Yabu, Zataki

Korekado

Jikkyu, Aritomo

Chinese short bow

Asai

Nobuzane, Saikaku

Obata

Asagi

Onoshi

Auxiliary crossbow

Nayeen

Jehangir

Chinese Engineers

Hideaki

Harufusa

Harunaga

Kagesue

4x Ballista

Peasants (Koreans)

Amakura

Omi

Makato, Nakamura

Yoshikume

Yoshiwara

11

10

10

10

9

9

8

7

18

17

16

15

11

22

19

40

36

34

22

30

6

5

4

3

2

6)Table for comparison of Points Values for Mongol troops under Croisades rules

Name

PV mt/ft

Name

PV

Name

PV

Name

PV

All unarmoured

Great Khan/

Khans

Tadatsuna

Jichu (bow)

Tomomori

Munehisa

Elite cavalry

Shigehira (bow)

Arimari (bow)

Kunika (bow)

Masanaga

Rokudai

Tadanori

47

70

45

42

69

58

57

39

38

37

19

26

18

17

29

27

28

14

14

14

Elite foot bow

Michikiko

Kiyomori, Weicho

Nakatsuna

Kanatsuna

Motofusa

Fudo, Fuhito

Yasatsuna, Kiyosi

Mochihito, Kumpei

Elite foot

Ryuichi

Igurasgi

Hidehira

Nagamasa, Saburo

Kiyomasa, Atsue

Yoshimitsu

Moronao, Misakado

Yukichi

Ueno

Ikina,Takuan

40

37

36

33

32

31

30

27

21

20

18

17

17

17

16

15

14

13

Regular foot

Chikao, Eitken

Yukio, Sanjo

Kasuyori, Shinkuro

Masatsura

Ansei

Goroda, Mura

Ojikuni, Saotone

Shisei, Yoshitaka

Hired foot

Taitaro

Kenzan, Kobi

Tadamoto, Kiyama

Hidemasa, Hiro

Ishido, Domei

Tamazaki, Todo

Hoshii

Yabu, Zataki

Korekado

Jikkyu, Aritomo

13

13

13

13

12

12

12

11

11

10

10

10

10

9

9

9

8

7

Mercenary Bow

Asai

Nobuzane

Saikaku

Obata

Asagi

Onoshi

Peasants

Amakura

Omi

Makato

Nakamura

Yoshikume

Yoshiwara

18

17

17

16

15

11

6

5

4

4

3

2

5.MONGOL ARMY SCENARIOS (all published in Claymore #7)

1)THE CAPTAINS HEAD (La tte du capitaine), by Christian Delabos

This scenario uses Samura, Croisades and Vikings.

1Background: In 1281, a fleet of 4,400 Mongol ships arrived in sight of the Japanese coast. To challenge the invaders, the Japanese armed a large number of canoes.

Isolated from the rest of the fleet, the ship of Bahadur El-Arish was attacked by 3 boats full of warlike Samurais.

2Map layout: The Sea map.

3The sides:

The crew of the Mongol ship Bahadur: El-Arish;

Mongol archers: Ayub, Fakr, Mongka;

Chinese auxiliaries: Hidemasa, Tadamoto, Taitaro, Todo, Zataki;

Korean sailors: Amakun, Makoto, Nakamura, Omi, Yoshikume, Yoshiwara;

+ 1 Drakkar (Viking ship).

The Samurais Samurais: Ryuichi, Ikina, Kiyomasa, Nagamasa, Takuan, Yukichi;

Samurai archers: Fudo, Fuhito, Kiyosi;

+ 3 boats (the 3-man boats from Vikings) and 3 grappling hooks.

4Starting positions and sequence of action: The Mongol ship is placed in the middle of the map. The Japanese boats start the game by entering through any map-edge of the players choice.

6Special rules:

Use all the rules in the Mongol Army game aid. Only the Korean sailors can row.

7Victory conditions

Japanese: Take the head of the Bahadur to be certain of victory, even if all the Samurais are killed.

Mongols: Keeping the Bahadur alive is the only way to win.

2)THE WANDERERS (Les gars), by Carl Pincemin

This scenario uses Samoura and Croisades plus the Crossroads and Open Field maps.

1Background: As a consequence of a fog, the Khan Maarat has disembarked separately from the Mongol fleet. The land that separates him from the main body of the force is quite rough, so that three or four days will be needed before he can rejoin them. Many dangers will press on him and his small troop of men far from help in enemy territory!

At least he has found a bridge to cross a raging torrent that barred his route. This will certainly place him out of the shadow of an unfortunate encounter, and will save him precious hours.

2The map layout: 2 The Temple 4 2 The Open Field 4

11 1 6

4 White Dragon Village 2 5 The Crossroads 7

3The sides

The Japanese Groups Nos 1, 3, 4 and 8.

The Mongols Mongol heavy cavalry: Maarat, Al-Kamil, Abaga, El-Arish, Hakim; Mongol light cavalry: All; Alan heavy cavalry (auxiliaries): As-Salih, Kilij, Saladin. (Total of 30 cavalry).

4Starting positions and sequence of action

Japanese: Group No. 1 is placed freely on the White Dragon Village map; they cannot move until Turn 2.

Group No. 3 enters through map-edge 4 of the Open Field map on Turn 3.

Group No. 4 is placed on The Temple map, with the monks in the temple and the ronins on the bridge or within 2 hexes of the bridge.

Group No. 8 enters through map-edge 7 or map-edge 8 of the Crossroads map on Turn 4.

Mongols:The Mongols enter on Turn 1 through map-edges 2 and/or 3 of The Temple map, between the two exits of the river; they must thus cross the river in order to advance.

5Special rules: Use all the rules and game aids for the Mongol Army.

6Victory conditions: Victory will go to the first player that reaches 60 Victory Points. Victory Points can be achieved in different ways:

-Each cavalryman dismounted is worth 1 point (it is possible to be dismounted many times).

-Each cavalryman on foot that is wounded is worth 2 points

-Each cavalryman on foot that is killed is worth 3 points

-Each mounted cavalryman wounded is worth 4 points

-Each mounted cavalryman killed is worth 5 points

A rider can possibly be dismounted several times then wounded on the ground and finally killed while mounted again: each time he gives the appropriate number of victory points to his adversary.

The Japanese player must seek out victory; in the event of a probable defeat he will still be able to obtain a glorious victory through strictly adhering to the ceremony of hara-kiri (seppukku).

3)THERE CAN BE ONLY ONE! (Il ne peut en rester quun!), by Carl Pincemin

This scenario for 3 players uses Samoura and Croisades, plus an extra set of character counters from Croisades, and the Watch Tower map (from Vikingsor the Island extension set) and the supplementary maps The Coast No. 2 and The Open Field.

1Background: Two young lords, both from powerful families, have the ambition of taking the vacant position of lord of the region, Hadatsu Hiroyama, who died without a male heir. It is clear that their qualities must be decided by a test of arms in honourable battle! The only problem, such as it is, is the Mongol invasion

Will our two lords achieve a holy alliance, or will they destroy each other in the face of the inevitable advance of the Mongol cavalry?

2The map layout: 4 Watch Tower 2 3 Coast #2 1

3 4 2 4

3 WD Village [*] 1 3 Open Field 1

[*: There is an error in the scenario as originally published: it states that the map The Coast from Viking Raiders should be used in place of the Village of the White Dragon. The problem is that The Coast map (No.1) does not have a long side numbered 4 and much less than half the map is land (so it would be impossible for the Mongols to deploy properly). The solution proposed seems the best way to resolve the problem, assuming that The Coast is an error; the WD Village map has the same orientation of numbers as in the diagram, and it suits the location. Players may wish to try alternative map layouts for the two lower maps.]

3The sides

The Japanese, Player A Group No. 1; + Mounted Samurais: Tomomori, Tadanori, Kunika, Rokudai; Group No. 7; + Ninjas: Matsuo, Masazumi, Toshinaga; + Monks: Tajima, Jomyo, Hochi.

The Japanese, Player B Group No. 8; + Mounted Samurais: Shigehira, Tadatsuna, Arimari; Group No. 2; Group No. 9; + Ninjas: Tokimasa, Yorikasa; + Monks: Benkei, Sukenaga, Tadazumi.

The Mongols Mongol heavy cavalry: Al-Kamil, Abaga, El-Arish, Hakim, Maarat; Mongol light cavalry: All x2; Alan heavy cavalry (auxiliaries): As-Salih, Kilij, Saladin. (Total of 59 cavalrymen). [This total does not add up: 22 light cavalry excluding Arghun, doubled, plus 8 heavy cavalry, only gives 52 cavalrymen. Adding 2x Arghun and doubling the Mongol heavy cavalry will give 59.]

4Starting positions and sequence of action

Player A enters through map-edge 1 of The Coast No. 2 on Turn 1.

Player B enters through the half of the map-edge 2 of The Open Field map between the number 2 and side 3.

The Mongols are placed on The Watch Tower map and on the upper half of The Coast [or Village of the White Dragon] map between the middle of the map and side 4.

5Special rules: Use the rules and game aids for the Mongol Army.

6Victory conditions: There can be only one.

Victory is achieved once all the characters of the two opposing sides have been eliminated. To do this it is permitted to ally with any other player. An alliance is never final. Victory may be achieved by one of the Japanese players if he carries out the ceremony of hara-kiri (seppuku), perfectly.

RDG: MONGOL ARMIES Extension version 1.0, February 2000