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CRITICAL THINKING WITH ICONS AND IMPERATIVES
Depth & Complexity History and Info
• Developed by Dr. Sandra Kaplan, Bette Gould, Sheila Madsen. State Department of California, 1994. The Flip Book, c. 1995
• Developed first with concepts; later icons were added, based on dual-coding research (supporting that people learn and retain better with combination of word/concept and picture)
• Depth and Complexity represented an approach to curriculum differentiation for gifted students, that originated from a California Department of Education document in 1994. (CDE, 2005)
Derived from 4 sources• 1) A review of Advanced Placement curriculum and assessment• 2) A study of California Golden State Exam requirements• 3) Conventional wisdom about the nature of academic disciplines • 4) A review of classic literature
• J Taylor Education begins in 2006 to focus on practitioner to practitioner training and practical products. • Depth & Complexity = THE Differentiation Solution• J Taylor Education is the official Depth and Complexity resource company where practitioners lead other
practitioners in training.
• Used in 41 states, 80,000+ classes and in 9 countries
SESSIONS
BEST PAIRS IN HISTORY
Warm Up: Iconic Application
● Watch the video ● Keep tally of icons
represented in video● Discuss
1.C.5.1 Use digital models and simulations to explore complex systems and issues.
CONTENT IMPERATIVES
CONTENT IMPERATIVES AND SUPERHEROES
ORIGIN
The beginning of a person or thing’s existence.
CONTRIBUTION
An action or idea that gets results and helps move things along.
PARALLEL
Similar idea, traits, events, and/or people.
NAMOR AQUAMAN
● Marvel● 1939● Half-mutant, half-Atlantean● Fatigues on dry land● Communicates with sea creatures● Takes on ability of sea creatures● Prefers hand to hand combat
● DC● 1941● Half-human, half-Atlantean● Fatigues on dry land● Communicates with sea creatures and
land creatures● Prefers using trident
PARADOX
Opposing ideas, thoughts feelings, and/or viewpoints.
CYBORG● Real name Victor● Genius● Loved football, dad didn’t support● Got hit by car● Dad used alien tech to heal him● Ravaged his body● Dad had to use computer parts to
save him
Catwoman walks a fine line between hero and villain. She balances on choices of good and evil, of doing the wrong thing for the arguably right reasons. Selina sometimes serves as one of Batman’s closest allies.
CATWOMAN AND BATMAN
CONVERGENCE
The coming together of ideas and concepts.
CREATE ENTRY EVENTS FOR YOUR STUDENTS● Find a common passion in the classroom● Choose academia-lite● Use student friendly resources:
○ NewsELA○ Discovery Education○ PBS for Kids○ G rated comic books and cartoons○ Local sports stats○ Appropriate video clips
ICONIC COMBINATIONS IN CURRICULUM
PAIRING ICONS AND IMPERATIVES TO RAISE CRITICAL THINKING
● Identify standard● Choose content● Select an icon and imperative that promote deep analysis● Create a question or prompt if needed
THE BOSTON MASSACRE
ELA 6.1 Standard: Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacherled) with diverse partners.
Content: Boston Massacre
Icons/Imperatives
Question: How did the parallel reactions to the shootings shape the multiple perspectives of all parties involved?
THE GIVERELA RL 5.1 Standard: Quote accurately from a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text.
Content: Excerpt from The Giver
Icons/Imperatives
Question: How does the language used by The Giver contribute to Jonas’s understanding of emotions?
THE X-MEN 4.MD.4 Standard: Represent and interpret data. Display and interpret data in graphs (picture graphs, bar graphs, and line plots G) to solve problems using numbers and operations for this grade.
Content: Data on back of trading cards
Icons/Imperatives
Questions: What paradoxes exist within the trends of your superhero’s powers? Within your team’s powers? How will these paradoxes benefit/hurt the team?
Standard:
Content: population table
Icons/Imperatives:
Question:
PAIRING ICONS AND IMPERATIVES TO RAISE CRITICAL THINKING
● Identify standard● Choose content● Select an icon and imperative that promote deep analysis● Create a question or prompt if needed
Content Imperatives-Icons of Depth & Complexity
Combining the Content Imperative with the Icons of Depth and Complexity you increase the rigor and the cognitive demand with any subjective or content.
